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Navy Department Communiques 301-600 and Pacific Fleet Communiques

March 6, 1943 to May 24, 1945

Cover image - Navy department Communiques 301 to 600

NAVY DEPARTMENT
COMMUNIQUÉS

301-600
And Pacific Fleet Communiques

MARCH 6, 1943
TO
MAY 24, 1945


With Other Official Statements
and Pertinent Press Releases


Office of Public Information
United States Navy


For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C.—Price $1.00

_____________

FOREWORD

This publication, Volume II of Navy Department Communiqués, contains reprints of Navy Department Communiqués 301 to 600, which were issued during the period March 6, 1943 to May 24, 1945. With them in proper chronological sequence are communiqués issued by the Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, at Pearl Harbor, T. H. and other points in the Pacific. The first volume of this series, Navy Department Communiqués 1 to 300, December 7, 1941‑March 5, 1943, was published in March 1943.

Augmenting the communiqués, in chronological sequence, are official state­ments concerning important contemporary events relating to the Navy's prose­cution of the war. These include the Proclamation by the President on the Surrender of Germany, the Joint Anglo‑American statements on submarine activities and anti‑submarine operations (the first made by President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill in July 1943), a statement regarding commands in the Pacific by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and pertinent press releases issued by the Navy at Washington and in the Pacific during the period covered by Communiqués 301‑600.

The original serial numbers of both the Navy Department Communiqués and those of the Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, have been retained in Volume II.

The serial numbers of press releases of the Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, are retained. Other releases carry only date of release.

With few exceptions, the statements contained in this volume were given to representatives of the press and radio for "immediate release."

HAROLD B. MILLER
Rear Admiral, U. S. Navy
Director of Public Information

June 15, 1945

ii

CONTENTS
Page
COMMUNIQUÉS, NAVY DEPARTMENT NO. 301 TO NO. 600
     (March 6, 1943 to May 24, 1945)
COMMUNIQUÉS, COMMANDER IN CHIEF, PACIFIC FLEET AND PACIFIC OCEAN AREAS, No. 11 To No. 372
     (September 8, 1943 to May 24, 1945)
PERTINENT PRESS RELEASES ISSUED BY NAVY AT WASHINGTON, D. C., AND IN THE PACIFIC
     (March 6, 1943 to May 24, 1945)
JOINT STATEMENTS, PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AND PRIME MINISTER CHURCHILL ON SUBMARINE WARFARE
PRESIDENT TRUMAN'S PROCLAMATION ON SURRENDER OF GERMANY
     Arranged in Chronological Sequence
1‑431
MAPS
1. North Pacific and Bering Sea 440
2. Paramushiru 441
3. Central Pacific 442
4. Marianas 443
5. Bougainville Area‑Solomon Islands 444
6. New Georgia Group 445
7. New Britain 446
8. Far Pacific 447
     NOTE—Map with CINCPAC Press Release No. 707—The Allied Offensive in the Pacific. Page 319.
Index
448

ABBREVIATIONS

N. D.—Navy Department.

CINCPAC—Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas.

CINCPOA—Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, Ad­vance Headquarters.

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 301, MARCH 6, 1943
South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On March 5:

(a) U. S. aircraft bombed Japanese positions at Munda on the island of New Georgia and at Buin on the southeast coast of Bougainville Island.
(b) During the night of March 5‑6, a U. S. task force composed of light surface units bombarded Japanese installations at Vila and at Munda in the central Solomon Islands. Light Japanese surface forces attempted to drive off our bombardment group and two large enemy destroyers were sunk during the engagement. No U. S. vessels were lost.

2. The successful completion of the convoy mission of a U. S. task force in the South Pacific now makes possible the following announcement:
On February 17, a formation of seven Japanese torpedo planes located and launched an attack against the tack force. Five of the enemy planes were shot down and no damage to U. S. vessels was suffered.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 302, MARCH 7, 1943
South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On March 5:

(a) U. S. aircraft bombed enemy installations at Viru Harbor on the southern coast of New Georgia Island.
(b) During the night of March 5‑6, Japanese planes raided U. S. positions on Tulagi Island, 20 miles north of Guadalcanal airfield. Two men were killed.

2. On March 6:

(a) During the early morning a large force of U. S. planes bombed and strafed Japanese positions at Munda on New Georgia Island. Results were not reported.
(b) During the morning, Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated) bombed and started fires in the enemy‑held areas at Kahili, Buin and Ballale in the Shortland Island area.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 303, MARCH 8, 1943
South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On March 7, Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated PB4Y) attacked Japanese installations at Kahili and on Ballale Island in the Shortland Island area and bombed enemy positions at Vila on Kolombangara Island. An enemy cargo ship at Kieta on Bougainville Island was also attacked by a Liberator. Results of the above attacks were not observed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 304, MARCH 9, 1943
North Pacific.

1. On March 7, U. S. heavy and medium bombers attacked Japanese posi­tions at Kiska. Antiaircraft fire was encountered but no enemy planes inter­cepted. All U. S. planes returned.

1

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. During the night of March 7‑8, Liberator heavy bombers carried out minor bombing attacks on Japanese installations at Kahili and Ballale in the Shortland Island area, and at Vila and Rekata Bay in the central Solomons. Results were not observed. All U. S. planes returned.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 305, MARCH 10, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. During the night of March 7‑8, a Japanese plane dropped bombs on U. S. positions on Guadalcanal Island. No casualties resulted.

2. On March 9:

(a) During the morning, Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated) dropped bombs in the enemy areas at Kahili and Ballale in the Shortland Island area and at Munda and Vila in the central Solomons. Results were not observed. All U. S. planes returned.
(b) Later in the morning, a large force of Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas) and Avenger torpedo bombers (Grumman TBF), with Wildcat escort (Grumman F4F), attacked the airfield at Munda on New Georgia Island. Hits on supply dumps and antiaircraft positions started large fires. All U. S. planes returned.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 306, MARCH 11, 1943

North Pacific

1. On March 9, a force of Mitchell medium bombers (North American B‑25) and Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated B‑24), with Lightning escort (Lockheed P‑38), bombed Japanese positions at Kiska. Hits were observed in the camp area. Antiaircraft lire was encountered but all U. S. planes returned.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On March 10:

(a) During the early morning, Liberator heavy bombers (Consoli­dated PB4Y) carried out minor bombing attacks on Japanese positions at Kahili, on Bougainville Island, and at Munda and Vila in the central Solomons. Results were not observed.
(b) Later in the morning a large force of Avenger torpedo bombers (Grumman TBF), Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas SBD) and Wildcat fighters (Grumman F4F) attacked Vila, on the southern coast of Kolom­bangara Island. Several large fires were started.
(c) During the afternoon, U. S. aircraft intercepted 10 enemy dive bombers, with an escort of 12 Zeros, northwest of Guadalcanal. One enemy bomber and three Zeros were shot down.
(d) No U. S. planes were lost during these actions.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 307, MARCH 12, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On March 10:

(a) During the morning, U. S. aircraft attacked Japanese positions at Kiska and scored bomb hits in the target area.

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(b) Later in the morning, a force of Liberator heavy bombers (Con­solidated B‑24), Mitchell medium bombers (North American B‑26) and Lightning fighters (Lockheed P‑38) again attacked enemy installations at Kiska. Antiaircraft batteries were bombed and strafed at low level and hits were scored. Three buildings in the camp area were damaged by heavy bomb hits. Antiaircraft fire was encountered but all U. S. planes returned.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On March 11, during the early morning, Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated PB4Y) carried out minor bombing attacks on Japanese positions at Kahili and Ballale in the Shortland Island area and at Vila in the central Solomons. Results were not observed. All U. S. planes returned.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 308, MARCH 13, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. During the night of March 11‑12, two Japanese planes dropped bombs on U. S. positions on Guadalcanal Island. No casualties or damage resulted.

2. On March 12:

(a) During the early morning, Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated B‑24) carried out minor bombing attacks on Japanese positions at Ballale, in the Shortland Island area, and at Vila and Munda in the New Georgia Group.
(b) During the night of March 12‑13, a force of Avenger torpedo bombers (Grumman TBF) attacked Japanese positions at Munda on New Georgia Island. Fires were started in the enemy area.
(c) One U. S. plane failed to return from these missions.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 309, MARCH 14, 1943

North Pacific.

1. During the afternoons of March 12 and 13, Warhawk fighters (Curtiss P‑40) bombed and strafed Japanese positions at Kiska.

South. Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. During the night of March 12‑13, Liberator heavy bombers carried out minor bombing attacks against Japanese positions at Kahili and Ballale in the Shortland Island area, and at Vila and Munda in the central Solomons. Hits in the enemy area at Ballale started a large fire.

3. During the morning of March 13, Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas) with Wildcat escort (Grumman F4F) attacked Japanese positions at Vila on Kolombangara Island. Bomb hits caused heavy explosions and smoke in the target area.

4. No U. S. planes were lost in any of the above actions.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 310, MARCH 15, 1943

North Pacific.

1. During the evening of March 13, Army Warhawks (Curtiss P‑40) and Lightnings (Lockheed P‑38) strafed Japanese installations at Kiska and dam­aged several grounded planes.

3

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On March 13:

(a) Army Lightnings strafed and destroyed a small Japanese vessel near Rendova Island in the New Georgia Group.
(b) Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated) carried out minor at tacks on Japanese positions in the Shortland Island area and at Munda and Vila in the central Solomons. All U. S. planes returned.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 311, MARCH 16, 1943

1. A conference of American, British and Canadian officers has recently been held in Washington under the chairmanship of Admiral Ernest J. King. Commander‑in‑Chief, United States Fleet, at which the anti‑U‑boat warfare was discussed.

2. This conference was one of a series of Allied conferences which have been and will continue to be held in order that all phases of the anti‑U‑boat campaign can be kept constantly under review, that information and views can be exchanged, and that anti‑U‑boat measures can be adjusted to best advantage.

3. Complete agreement was reached on the policy to be pursued in the protection of Allied shipping in the Atlantic and in the best methods of employing the Allied escort vessels, antisubmarine craft and aircraft in defeating the U‑boat menace.

4. In addition to the U. S. Naval officers concerned, the following officers headed the various Allied missions who attended the conference:

Name Representing
Vice Admiral Sir Henry R. Moore K.C.B., C.V.O., D.S.O. Admiralty
Air Vice Marshal A. Durston, C.B., A.F.C. Coastal Command, Royal Air Force
Rear Admiral V. G. Brodeur Royal Canadian Navy
Air Vice Marshal N. R. Anderson Royal Canadian Air Force
      There were also present:  
Major General C. P. Gross United States Army
Brigadier General W. T. Larson United States Army Air Force
Mr. J. E. Cushing War Shipping Administration

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 312, MARCH 16, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. During the evening of March 15, Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas), with Wildcat escort (Grumman F4F), bombed Japanese positions at Vila and Munda in the central Solomons. Results were not reported. All U. S. planes returned.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 313, MARCH 16, 1943

Pacific and Far East.

1. U. S. submarines have reported the following results of operations against the enemy in the waters of these areas:

(a) One destroyer sunk.
(b) One large cargo vessel sunk.

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(c) One large transport sunk.
(d) One medium‑sized cargo vessel sunk.
(e) One medium‑sized cargo vessel damaged.
(f) One medium‑sized tanker damaged.
(g) One small cargo vessel damaged.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Department Communiqué.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 314, MARCH 17, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On March 15, heavy and medium Army bombers, with Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) support, carried out six heavy bombing attacks on Japanese installations at Kiska. Results were not reported.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. During the night of March 15‑16, light naval surface forces bombarded Japanese positions at Vila on the southeast coast of Kolombangara Island. Good results were reported and no casualties were suffered by our forces.

3. On March 16: .

(a) During the early morning Army Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17) harassed enemy positions at Kahili and Buka in the Bougainville area and at Munda on New Georgia Island.
(b) Later in the morning Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas), with Wildcat escort (Grumman F4F), attacked enemy positions at Vila. Results were not reported.
(c) Later in the day Lightning fighters strafed shore positions in the vicinity of Viru Harbor on New Georgia Island.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 315, MARCH 17, 1943

North Atlantic.

1. During the latter part of February, the United States Coast Guard Cutter Campbell, while operating as a convoy escort in the North Atlantic, encountered and sank a German submarine. The Campbell sighted the submarine on the surface and a collision course was set to ram her. The Campbell bore down on the submarine and opened fire with her deck guns.

2. The submarine was hit a glancing blow by the Campbell and drifted clear of the cutter following the collision. Several rounds were fired into the submarine at point blank range and the submarine settled slowly by the stern and sank. The collision tore the side plating of the Campbell and she was left partially flooded and without power of electricity.

3. In order to lighten the Campbell as much as possible a number of her crew were transferred to the Polish destroyer Burza which had been standing by to assist. The crew members from the Campbell were provided quarters aboard the Burza until landed at an Atlantic port.

4. The Campbell has since been towed to an Atlantic port for repairs.

5

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 316, MARCH 18, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On March 16, U. S. Army aircraft carried out the following attacks on Japanese installations and aircraft at Kiska:

(a) During the morning, Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated B‑24) and Mitchell medium bombers (North American B‑25) supported by Lightning fighters (Lockheed P‑38) bombed the main camp area and the submarine base. Hits were observed in both target areas.
(b) During the early afternoon, eight Lightnings engaged eight enemy planes in the vicinity of Kiska. Two of the enemy planes were shot down and an additional two were probably destroyed.
(c) Later in the afternoon, Liberators, Mitchells, and Lightnings again attacked the enemy submarine base and other installations. A large fire was started in the camp area.
(d) Still later in the afternoon, a group of Mitchells again attacked and scored bomb hits on the submarine base.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. During the night of March 16‑17, Liberator heavy bombers carried out minor attacks on Japanese positions at Munda and Vila in the central Solomons and at Kahili and Ballale in the Shortland Island area. Results were not observed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 317, MARCH 19, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On March 18:

(a) U. S. Army Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17) carried out minor attacks against Japanese positions at Kahili and Ballale in the Shortland Island area and at Vila in the central Solomons. Results were not observed.
(b) In the afternoon, a force of Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas), escorted by Wildcat fighters (Grumman F4F), bombed Vila in the central Solomons and started a fire.
(c) All U. S. planes returned from these operations.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 318, MARCH 20, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On March 18, Kiska was attacked twice by Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) and Mitchell (North American B‑25) bombers with Lightnings (Lockheed P‑38) as escorts. Results were not observed. All U. S. planes returned.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. A force of Wildcat fighters (Grumman F4F) strafed Japanese positions on Munda, New Georgia. All planes returned.

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 319, MARCH 21, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On March 19:

Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas) and Wildcat fighters (Grumman F4F) attacked Vila in the Central Solomons. Fires were started.

2. On March 20:

(a) Dauntless dive bombers and Wildcat fighters again attacked Vila.
(b) Dauntless dive bombers and Wildcat fighters attacked Munda on New Georgia Island. A fire was started.
(c) On the evening of March 20 Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17) and Liberators (Consolidated) attacked Japanese positions on Kahili in the Shortland Island area.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 320, MARCH 22, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On March 21:

(a) During the afternoon, Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas), supported by Wildcat fighters (Grumman F4F), attacked Munda, on New Georgia Island, and Vila, in the Central Solomons. A supply area and an enemy gun position were hit.
(b) During the evening, a force of Army Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17) and Liberators (Consolidated B‑24) attacked Japanese positions at Kahili, in the Shortland Island area.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 321, MARCH 23, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On March 21, two groups of Army Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated B‑24) and Mitchell medium bombers (North American B‑25) with fighter escort attacked Japanese positions at Kiska. Except for one large fire, results were not observed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 322, MARCH 24, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On March 23:

(a) A force of Army fighters (Lockheed P‑38) strafed the enemy seaplane base at Rekata Bay in the Central Solomons. Results were not reported. All U. S. planes returned.
(b) During the night of March 23‑24, a small number of Japanese planes attacked the airfield on Guadalcanal Island. There was some material damage but there were no casualties to personnel.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 323, MARCH 25, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On March 24:

(a) During the evening, Army Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17) and Navy Avenger torpedo bombers (Grumman TBF) attacked Japanese positions at Kahili in the Shortland Island area. A fire was started.

7

(b) A small enemy ship in the Shortland Island area was bombed with unobserved results.
(c) All U. S. planes returned from the above attack missions.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 324, MARCH 26, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On March 24:

(a) During the afternoon and evening, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) and Mitchell (North American B‑25) bombers, escorted by fighters, carried out four attacks against Japanese positions at Kiska. Hits were scored in the target area.
(b) All U. S. planes returned.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 325, MARCH 27, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On March 25:

(a) Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) and Mitchell (North American B‑25) bombers, escorted by Lightning fighters (Lockheed P‑38), carried out three attacks against Japanese positions at Kiska. Bombs were dropped on the runway, hangar and camp area. Low flying fighters strafed Japanese personnel.
(b) A U. S. search plane bombed Abraham Harbor on the southwest coast of Attu Island.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On March 26:

(a) During the morning Liberator bombers attacked Japanese Installations on Nauru Island. Hits were scored on the wharf, runway, officers' quarters and barracks area. Four fires were started and several Japanese planes were damaged.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 326, MARCH 28, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On March 25:

(a) In the afternoon a force of Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters strafed a Japanese barge in Roviana Lagoon, Munda, on New Georgia Island.
(b) On the night of March 25‑26, Canton Island in the Phoenix Island group was bombed by two Japanese planes. Light damage was inflicted.
(c) Additional reports reveal that on the night of March 25‑26, U. S. planes carried out two bombing attacks against Japanese positions on Nauru Island, instead of one attack as previously reported in Navy Department Communiqué No. 325. In the first of these attacks, Navy Catalina patrol bombers (Consolidated PBY) started fires. In the second attack (previously reported) Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated) scored hits on enemy installations.

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2. On March 27:

(a) On the early morning of March 27, a total of seven Japanese planes made five attempts to bomb Guadalcanal Island. In two of these attacks bombs were dropped, killing one, injuring 13 others, and causing slight material damage.
(b) Avenger (Grumman) bombers, escorted by Airacobra (Bell P‑39) and Wildcat fighters, attacked Japanese positions at Vila, in the Central Solomons. Six fires were started.
(c) In the early afternoon, Avenger bombers, escorted by Wildcat fighters, attacked Munda on New Georgia Island. A supply dump was blown up and a fire started.
(d) On the same afternoon, Dauntless (Douglas) dive bombers, escorted by Wildcat fighters, bombed and strafed Japanese positions in Ugali, on the northeast coast of Rendova Island in the New Georgia group. One building was destroyed and another was set on fire.

North Pacific.

3. On March 26, a force of Army Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers attacked Japanese positions at Kiska. Hits were scored on a hangar and in the camp area.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 327, MARCH 28, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On March 26, a detachment of our light forces patrolling to the westward of Attu Island, the westernmost end of the Aleutians, made contact with a Japanese force composed of two heavy cruisers, two light cruisers, four destroyers and two cargo ships. The enemy force was headed eastward toward the Aleutians.

2. Gunfire at long range was exchanged. When the engagement was broken oft, the Japanese forces were observed heading westward.

3. Announcement of further details will be made when such information will not be of value to the enemy.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 328, MARCH 29, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On March 28:

(a) During the morning, Army Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17) attacked Japanese positions at Buin and Kahili in the Shortland Island area. Hits were scored on revetments and a runway.
(b) All U. S. planes returned.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 329, MARCH 30, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On March 29:

(a) During the morning, a group of Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters attacked the Japanese seaplane base at Faisi in the Shortland Island area. Five to seven Japanese planes were set on fire.

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(b) Following the attack on Faisi, this same group of fighters carried out a low level strafing attack on a Japanese destroyer off Alu Island (southeast of Shortland Island). The attack was carried out at such low altitude that three feet of the wing of one plane was sheared off by the destroyer's mast. The destroyer was left burning.
(c) All U. S. planes returned.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 330, MARCH 31, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On March 29:

(a) A force of Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) and Mitchell (North American B‑25) bombers, escorted by Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters, attacked Japanese positions at Kiska. The runway, camp area and gun installations were bombed and strafed. All U. S. planes returned.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On March 30:

(a) In the early morning, Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17) attacked Japanese positions at Vila in the Central Solomons and at Kahili in the Shortland Island area. All U. S. planes returned.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 331, APRIL 1, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On March 30:

(a) During the morning, Army Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters attacked Japanese positions at Kiska.
(b) During the early afternoon, Army Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated B‑24) and Lightning fighters attacked Japanese positions at Holtz Bay, Attu Island. All U. S. planes returned.
(c) Later in the afternoon, Army Liberator bombers and Lightning fighters attacked the main Japanese camp area at Kiska. One U. S. bomber was shot down by antiaircraft fire in this attack.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On March 30:

(a) During the afternoon, a force of Dauntless (Douglas) dive bomb­ers, escorted by Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters, attacked Japanese In­stallations at Munda, on New Georgia Island. Hits were scored and fires started. All U. S. planes returned.

APRIL 1, 1943

GERMAN SUBMARINE DAMAGED BY NAVY GUN CREW

Fire from the guns of a Navy Armed Guard Crew damaged a Nazi U‑boat which engaged the S. S. Columbian, 30‑year‑old United States merchant vessel, in a surface duel fought in the Atlantic.

The submarine's deck was swept clean by the Navy crew's machine guns shortly after the submarine engaged the merchantman. Then a direct hit made

10

at point blank range just below the U‑boat's conning tower caused a violent explosion. The submarine was dead in the water and in a seriously damaged condition when the merchantman steamed safely away.

The Columbian, built in 1913 at W. Cramp & Sons Shipbuilding Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was undamaged.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 332, APRIL 2, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On March 30:

In addition to the two attacks reported in Navy Department Communiqué No. 331, Kiska received two more attacks. During the afternoon, Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters attacked the Japanese main camp area with un­observed results.

Later in the day, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers bombed and strafed Japanese installations and personnel from an altitude below 50 feet. Heavy explosions and large fires were observed.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On April 1:

(a) During the night of March 31‑April 1, a Catalina (Consolidated) patrol bomber attacked a Japanese surface force of five destroyers and one cargo vessel southwest of Kolombangara Island. At the same time Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) bombers carried out a low altitude attack on the same force. Results were unobserved.
(b) During the morning, 30 to 40 Zero fighters were engaged by a force of Wildcat (Grumman F4F), Corsair (Vought F4U) and Lightning fighters northwest of Guadalcanal Island. Sixteen Japanese planes were shot down. Six U. S. planes were shot down but two U. S. pilots were rescued.
(c) A force of Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers, escorted by fighters, attacked Japanese positions at Suavanau Plantation (southeast coast of Rekata Bay). Results were not reported.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 333, APRIL 3, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On April 1, a force of Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) and Mit­chell (North American B‑25) bombers, escorted by Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters, made four attacks against Japanese installations at Kiska. Hits were scored on the enemy main camp area.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On April 2, Lightning and Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters attacked and set on fire a small Japanese cargo vessel at anchor at Vella Lavella Island, New Georgia group.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 334, APRIL 3, 1943

Pacific and Far East.

1. U. S. submarines have reported the following results of operations against the enemy in the waters of these areas:

(a) One destroyer sunk.
(b) One large transport sunk.

11

(c) Two medium‑sized freighters sunk.
(d) One medium‑sized freighter damaged and probably sunk.
(e) One destroyer damaged.
(f) One medium‑sized freighter damaged.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 335, APRIL 4, 1943

North Pacific.

1. (a) On April 2, formations of Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated B‑24) and Mitchell medium bombers (North American B‑25) and Lightning fighters (Lockheed P‑38) made eight attacks against Japanese installations at Kiska. Hits in the target area were observed. All U. S. planes returned.

(b) On the same day a force of Liberator bombers attacked Japanese po­sitions on Attu Island.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. (a) On April 2, a U. S. reconnaissance plane encountered a Japanese seaplane west of New Georgia Island and shot it down.

(b) In Navy Department Communiqué No. 332 it was reported that 16 Japanese Zero planes were shot down by U. S. fighters northwest of Guadal­canal. Further reports reveal that a total of 18 Japanese Zeros, instead of 16, were shot down by the U. S. pilots.

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 132, APRIL 4, 1943

United States Navy and Marine Corps pilots at Guadalcanal flying Douglas Dauntless dive bombers and Grumman Avenger torpedo planes sank or dam­aged 85 Japanese ships in the period from August 25, 1942, to February 28, 1943.

In addition, the rear seat gunners aboard these planes shot down 14 Zero fighter planes and 11 floatplanes.

As of January 1 these totals included: Five destroyers, 8 transports and 3 cargo ships sunk; and 6 heavy cruisers, 8 light cruisers, 15 destroyers, 2 submarines and 12 transports damaged.

On November 14, 1942, these planes aided in the sinking of a Japanese battleship after she had been disabled by American surface forces in the night action of November 13‑14.

The dive bombers and torpedo planes scored hits on 25 enemy ships during January and February. Most of these ships were destroyers and light cruisers which maneuvered at high speed.

The above totals include only damages inflicted by the Dauntless and Avenger planes, and does not include damages by other aircraft operating in the Guadalcanal area.

The Douglas Dauntless is a two‑place, low‑winged monoplane, powered by a Wright Cyclone engine. Employed more extensively in the Pacific than any other dive bomber to date, it has figured prominently in all major naval air engagements.

The Grumman Avenger, also powered by a Wright engine, carries a tor­pedo completely enclosed in its fuselage. It first appeared in action in the Battle of Midway. Both types were developed by the Navy as standard carrier‑based airplanes.

12

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 336, APRIL 7, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On April 5, forces of Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bomb­ers and Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers, escorted by Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters, carried out five attacks against Japanese installations at Kiska and one attack against Attu. Hits were scored on enemy positions. South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 2. On April 7, a group of Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas SBD) and Lightning fighters attacked Japanese positions at Vila, in the Central Solo­mons. Fires were started.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 337, APRIL 8, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 6:

(a) During the morning, a force of Dauntless .(Douglas SBD) and Avenger (Grumman TBF) dive bombers, escorted by Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters, attacked Japanese installations at Vila, in the Central Solomons. Hits were scored in the target area and a large fire was started. All U. S. planes returned.
(b) In the early evening, three Japanese planes bombed Guadalcanal Island. There were no casualties to personnel and only light damage was reported.
(c) During the night of April 6‑7, Catalina (Consolidated PBY) patrol bombers attacked Vila. At the same time Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17) attacked Japanese installations at Kahili, in the Shortland Island area, and also small enemy shipping between Choiseul Island and Santa Isabel Island.

2. On April 7:

(a) During the early morning, a force of Dauntless and Avenger dive bombers, escorted by fighters, attacked Vila. Hits were scored on Japanese antiaircraft positions and the camp area. A large fire was started.
(b) In the early afternoon, a force of Avenger and Dauntless dive bombers, escorted by fighters, attacked Rekata Bay, Santa Isabel Island. A Japanese four‑engine flying boat was destroyed. All U. S. planes re­turned.
(c) Fifty Japanese bombers, escorted by 48 Zero fighters, attacked U. S. shipping in the vicinity of Guadalcanal Island. U. S. fighters en­gaged the enemy and shot down 21 Zeros, 5 dive bombers, and 10 other enemy planes whose types were not reported. Another enemy plane was later observed to crash. U. S. planes lost were 1 Airacobra, and 6 Wildcat fighters. One U. S. pilot was rescued.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 338, APRIL 9, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 8:

Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) light bombers attacked Japanese positions at Kahili in the Shortland Island area. Due to bad weather, observation of results was not reported.

13

2. In Navy Department Communiqué No. 337 it was reported that a total of 37 Japanese planes were destroyed in an enemy attack on U. S. shipping in the vicinity of Guadalcanal Island. Later reports have been received re­vealing that a total of 34 Japanese planes, instead of 37, were destroyed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 339, APRIL 9, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. Further reports of the Japanese air attack on Allied shipping in the vicinity of Guadalcanal Island on April 7 (as reported by Navy Department Communiqué No. 337) reveal that the following damage was suffered:

(a) One destroyer damaged by bombs and later sunk while being towed.
(b) One tanker sunk as result of damage by bombs.
(c) One corvette sunk as result of damage by bombs.
(d) One small fuel oil boat sunk.

2. Next of kin of all casualties will be notified by telegram as soon as possible.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 340, APRIL 11, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. More complete reports of the Japanese air attack on Allied shipping in the vicinity of Guadalcanal Island on April 7 have been received by the Navy Department, making necessary a revision of the table of losses previously an­nounced in Communiqués Nos. 337, 338 and 339. The previous communiqués were based on preliminary reports which were announced as soon as possible after being received in the Navy Department.

2. Losses sustained by Allied forces from enemy air attack are revised to stand as follows:

(a) One destroyer sunk.
(b) One tanker sunk.
(c) One corvette sunk.
(d) One small fuel oil boat damaged.
(e) A total of seven planes lost.

3. Recapitulation and additional verification establish enemy plane losses as:

(a) 25 Zero fighters shot down.
(b) 12 dive bombers shot down.
(c) 2 planes of unidentified type observed to crash in the water.

4. Of the seven U. S. pilots downed with their planes, five have been rescued.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 341, APRIL 12, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. During the night of April 10‑11, Catalina patrol bombers (Consolidated PBY) bombed Japanese installations at Munda on New Georgia Island, start­ing a small fire.

2. On April 11:

(a) In the early morning, Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated

14

B‑24) attacked Kahili in the Shortland Island area. Hits were made on the airfield runway and adjacent antiaircraft positions.
(b) On the same morning, a force of Avenger torpedo bombers (Grumman TBF) carried out an attack on Munda. Fires and heavy explosions resulted.

North Pacific.

3. Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters twice attacked Kiska during the afternoon of April 10. Results were not observed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 342, APRIL 13, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 11:

(a) During the evening, Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters strafed Rekata Bay, Santa Isabel Island. A num­ber of Japanese antiaircraft positions were silenced.
(b) During the night, Flying Fortress heavy bombers (Boeing B‑17) attacked Kahili in the Shortland Island area. Two Fortresses failed to return, apparently due to unfavorable weather. Results of the attack were unobserved.
(c) During the same night, a Catalina patrol bomber (Consolidated PBY) attacked Munda on New Georgia Island.

2. On April 12:

A force of Avenger torpedo bombers (Grumman TBF) and Wildcat fight­ers (Grumman F4F) bombed and strafed Vila on Kolombangara Island. Fires were started in the camp area. In this same operation Avengers attacked Ringi Cove, three miles northwest of Vila, and started a fire. No U. S. planes were lost in these two attacks.

North Pacific.

3. On April 11, formations of U. S. army planes, composed of Mitchells (North American B‑25), Warhawks (Curtiss P‑40) and Lightnings (Lock­heed P‑38), carried out four bombing attacks on Kiska. Hits were scored and fires were started in the enemy camp area.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 343, APRIL 14, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. During the night of April 12‑13, Army Liberator heavy bombers (Con­solidated B‑24) bombed Munda, on New Georgia Island.

2. On April 13, during the morning, Avenger torpedo bombers (Grumman TBF), escorted by Corsair (Vought F4U) and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fight­ers, bombed and strafed Munda. Bombs were dropped on the runway and dispersal areas, and fires were started from hits scored on an ammunition dump and in the camp area.

North Pacific.

3. On April 12, formations of Army Mitchell medium bombers (North American B‑25), with Corsair (Vought F4U) and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters, carried out six attacks on Japanese installations at Kiska. Hits were scored on the runway, gun emplacements and the main camp area.

15

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 344, APRIL 15, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On April 13, during the day, ten attacks were carried out against Jap­anese installations at Kiska by formations of Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) light bombers and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters. Beached enemy float planes were strafed. Many hits were scored and fires were started in the runway and main camp area.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On April 14, during the afternoon, Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers and Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters bombed and strafed Japanese barges and installations in Viru Harbor, New Georgia Island. Several fires were started.

APRIL 15, 1943

ARMY BOMBER SINKS SUBMARINE IN CARIBBEAN

A heavy bomber of the U. S. Army Air Forces caught a German submarine cruising on the surface in the Caribbean Sea several months ago, and destroyed the undersea raider with depth charges. A member of the submarine's crew, who survived the attack, later was picked up by a United States destroyer.

The plane, piloted by Capt. Howard Burhanna, Jr., U. S. Army Air Corps, of 1747 Maryland Street, Philadelphia, was on a patrol flight when the sub­marine was sighted on the surface, eight miles away. Changing his course Captain Burhanna made for the sub, and in a few minutes was over his target. The sub had not had time to submerge, and was still on the surface when the plane released its depth charges.

Immediately after the attack, air and oil bubbles began rising from the water with gradually increasing intensity. Thirty‑seven minutes later the men in the bomber spotted a large volume of oil and air bubbles surging to the surface. The oil slick spread out in a large circular area.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 345, APRIL 16, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 15:

(a) During the morning, Avenger torpedo bombers (Grumman TBF), escorted by Wildcat fighters (Grumman F4F), bombed Japanese installa­tions at Munda, on New Georgia Island.
(b) During the afternoon, Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas), with Wildcat fighter escort, attacked Japanese installations at Vila on Kolombangara Island. A building, believed to a power generating station, was destroyed.
(c) Still later in the day, Avenger torpedo bombers, escorted by Corsair (Vought F4U) and Wildcat fighters, attacked and sank an 80‑foot Japanese vessel in Rekata Bay, on Santa Isabel Island.

North. Pacific.

2. On April 14, formations of Army Liberator heavy bombers (Consoli­dated B‑24) and Mitchell medium bombers (North American B‑25), supported

16

by Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters, carried out eight attacks on Kiska. Hits were scored in the Japanese camp area, dam­aging the runway and revetment area.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 346, APRIL 17, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On April 14, two additional attacks were made by Army Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters against Japanese in­stallations at Kiska, raising to ten the total of attacks on that date.

2. On April 15, Japanese installations at Kiska were attacked thirteen times by formations of U. S. Army planes. Liberator heavy bombers (Con­solidated B‑24), Mitchell medium bombers (North American B‑25), and Light­ning and Warhawk fighters carried out these raids. Many hits were scored in the main camp and on the runway and hangar areas, causing numerous fires and explosions. One heavy bomber was shot down by enemy antiaircraft fire.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 347, APRIL 17, 1943

Pacific and Far East.

1. U. S. submarines have reported the following results of operations against the enemy in the waters of these areas:

(a) One large supply ship sunk.
(b) Two medium‑sized cargo ships sunk.
(c) One large minelayer sunk.
(d) One small patrol ship sunk.
(e) One destroyer damaged.
(f) One medium‑sized transport damaged.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 348, APRIL 18, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 18:

(a) During the night, Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17), Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) tor­pedo bombers attacked Japanese installations at Kahili and shipping at Ballale, in the Shortland Island area. A tanker and a cargo ship were possibly damaged.
(b) During the night, two Japanese planes attacked Guadalcanal Island, resulting in light casualties to U. S. personnel and minor damage to material. It is believed that one of the Japanese planes was shot down by U. S. antiaircraft fire.

2. On April 18, a number of Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters engaged two Japanese bombers, escorted by sip Zero fighters, over Kahili in the Short­land Island area. The two bombers and three of the Zeros were shot down. Later, another Japanese bomber was encountered by the same group of Light­nings and destroyed. One U. S. fighter is missing.

17

North Pacific.

3. On April 16:

(a) A formation of Army Liberator heavy bombers bombed Japanese installations on Attu Island.
(b) On the same day, formations of Army Liberator heavy bombers and Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers, escorted by Light­ning and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters, carried out ten attacks against Japanese positions at Kiska. Hits were scored in the vicinity of the run­way and in the main camp area. All U. S. planes returned.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 349, APRIL 19, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 17

(a) In the afternoon, Dauntless (Douglas) light bombers and Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters bombed the Japanese dispersal and runway areas at Munda, in the Central Solomons.
(b) During the night, Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers at­tacked two Japanese cargo vessels in the Shortland Island area. Five hits were scored on a large ship of about 10,000 tons which was later seen in a sinking condition. Two other cargo vessels were encountered by Avengers and two hits were scored on one ship and a number of near hits on the other vessel.
(c) The same night, formations of Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) and Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers and Avengers attacked Kahili, in the Shortland Island area. Hits were scored on the runway and dispersal areas, resulting in fires visible for 30 miles.

North Pacific.

2. On April 17:

(a) During the afternoon, a formation of Army Liberators bombed Japanese installations on Attu Island.
(b) On the same day Army Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers, escorted by Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters, carried out nine attacks on Japanese positions at Kiska. Hits were observed in the camp and hangar area. One building was en­tirely destroyed, gun positions were silenced and three beached planes were strafed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 350, APRIL 20, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 18:

(a) During the night, Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Japanese installations at Munda, in the Central Solomons. Hits were scored on the runway and a large explosion resulted.
(b) The same night, Guadalcanal Island was bombed by Japanese planes, resulting in slight casualties to U. S. personnel and very slight damage to materiel. One of the Japanese bombers was shot down.

18

North Pacific.

2. On April 18, Japanese positions at Kiska were attacked nine times by formations of Army Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters. In these attacks a total of seventeen tons of bombs was dropped. Hits were scored in the North Head, Salmon Lagoon and main camp areas. Fires were started in the submarine base area.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 351, APRIL 21, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 19:

(a) Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers attacked Japanese positions at Kieta, on Bougainville Island.
(b) Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers attacked the Japanese airfield at Kahili, in the Shortland Island area.
(c) A second formation of Avengers attacked Japanese shipping at Tonolei Harbor, on Bougainville Island. A direct hit was scored on one freighter and several near hits were scored on a second freighter.

2. On April 20, a force of Avengers and Dauntless (Douglas) light bomb­ers bombed Japanese installations at Munda, in the Central Solomons. Sev­eral antiaircraft positions were silenced and a large fire was started.

North Pacific.

3. On April 19, Japanese installations at Kiska were attacked fifteen times by formations of Army planes. Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers, and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters carried out these raids. The bombing and strafing attacks were made at varying altitudes and resulted in numerous hits on the main camp area, the runway and defensive positions. Fires were also started.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 352, APRIL 22, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 20:

During the night, Liberator (Consolidated) heavy bombers bombed Japan­ese installations in Numa Numa Harbor, Bougainville Island. Bad weather prevented observation of results.

2. On April 21:

A large force of Army bombers carried out a daylight bombing attack on Nauru Island, in the Gilbert Island Group.

In spite of heavy antiaircraft fire and defending fighter planes much dam­age was done to Japanese installations. U. S. pilots shot down five and pos­sibly seven Zero fighters. All U. S. planes returned.

North Pacific.

3. On April 20:

Japanese installations at Kiska were attacked ten times by formations of Army planes. Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters carried out these raids. Strafing from various altitudes was carried out in conjunction with bombing. Hits were scored on the runway and camp area.

19

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 353, APRIL 23, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are, east longitude). .

1. On April 21:

(a) A group of U. S. fighter planes strafed Japanese Positions in the Bougainville Strait area. Enemy installations near Cape Alexander, on Choiseul Island, were also bombed.
(b) During the night, Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) and Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, supported by Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers, attacked Poporang Island in the Shortland Island area. Two of the many fires which were started were visible for 40 miles.
(c) During the same night, Avenger torpedo bombers attacked an enemy cargo ship near Buin in the Shortland Island area. Enemy lighter interception prevented observation of results, but it is believed hits were scored on the ship. All U. S. planes returned.

2. On April 22:

During the early morning, a group of enemy bombers raided Funafuti, U. S. occupied position in the Ellice Island Group. Light casualties to personnel were suffered and minor damage was inflicted.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 354, APRIL 24, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 22:

(a) During the afternoon, Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers attacked Japanese installations at Munda in the Central Solomons. Bombs were dropped on the runway and antiaircraft positions were silenced.
(b) Later the same afternoon, Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters carried out a strafing attack on Munda and set fire to three grounded enemy planes.
(c) Following the strafing of the Munda area, the Corsairs raided Vila, on Kolombangara Island in the New Georgia Group.
(d) During the night, Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers bombed Kahili in the Shortland Island area.
(e) All U. S. Planes returned from the above attack missions.

2. On April 23: During the early morning, Dauntless (Douglas) dive bombers, escorted by Corsair fighters, bombed and strafed Japanese positions at Rekata Bay, on Santa Isabel Island. All U. S. planes returned.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 355, APRIL 25, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 24: During the morning Avenger torpedo bombers (Grumman TBF) and Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas) escorted by Wildcat fighters (Grumman F4F), attacked Munda on New Georgia Island. Buildings were destroyed, a large fire was started, and a heavy explosion was observed.

20

North Pacific.

2. On April 24th

Despite bad weather, Army Lightning fighters (Lockheed P‑38) bombed and strafed Kiska during the morning. Results were not observed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 356, APRIL 26, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 25, during the early morning, a group of four Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters strafed Japanese installations on Kolombangara Island, in the Central Solomons.

2. Later the same group of Corsairs sighted and attacked ten enemy bombers, escorted by twenty Zeros, 95 miles northwest of Lunga Point, on Guadalcanal Island. During the aerial combat which followed five Zeros were shot down. Two U. S. planes failed to return.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 357, APRIL 27, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 26, during the early morning, a group of Liberator (Consoli­dated B Z4) heavy bombers attacked Japanese positions at Kahili in the Shortland Island area.

North Pacific.

2. On April 25:

(a) During the day, Japanese installations at Kiska were attacked thirteen times by formations of Army planes. Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters participated in these raid. Although bomb hits were made on enemy positions, poor visibility pre­vented complete observation of results.
(b) On the same day, a group of Liberators attacked Attu Island and scored hits on the runway and other installations.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 358, APRIL 28, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 27:

(a) During the early morning, a group of Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Japanese installations at Kahili and Ballale in the Shortland Island area and at Vila in the Central Solomons. Fires were started at Ballale and at Vila.
(b) Later in the morning, five Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers carried out a second attack on Kahili. Poor visibility prevented observation of results.

North Pacific.

2. On April 26, formations of Army planes carried out eleven attacks against Japanese installations at Kiska. Liberator heavy bombers and Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers, Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters participated in these raids. Hits were scored in the enemy main camp area, on the runway and a number of buildings were destroyed. Damage was also inflicted on North Head. Canadian pilots, flying Warhawks, executed two other attacks.

21

APRIL 28, 1943

NAVY PATROL PLANE DESTROYS ENEMY SUBMARINE

Trapping an enemy submarine on the surface some months ago, a Navy Catalina patrol bomber dropped depth‑charges squarely on the undersea raider and sank her in a surprise attack.

Lt. Richard E. Schreder, USNR, 27, of 837 Wyle Avenue, Toledo, Ohio, was bringing his heavy patrol plane in from a routine flight over the Atlantic when his radioman reported that he had sighted a large enemy submarine cruising on the surface. Course was immediately changed, and preparations made for attack.

Carefully keeping the sun directly behind him to blind observers on the raider, Lt. Schreder nosed his heavy plane over in a steep dive, and reared down on the sub. As he leveled off at a low altitude, the submarine attempted to dive, but it was too late. A depth‑charge dropped by the bomber exploded just under the stern.

The sub again made an attempt to crash dive, but before she could sub­merge a second charge was released. It struck squarely on the deck and exploded in full view of the crew of the plane. Wreckage was strewn over the surface of the ocean.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 359, APRIL 29, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 23, a force of Army bombers attacked the Japanese air base at Tarawa in the Gilbert Islands. Extensive damage to enemy installations was indicated. Enemy fighter opposition and antiaircraft fire was encountered, but all U. S. planes returned.

2. On April 28, Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Japanese installations at Kahili in the Shortland Island area and at Vila in the Central Solomons. Results were unobserved.

North Pacific.

3. On April 24, during the morning, U. S. surface units bombarded Japa­nese positions at Holtz Bay and at Chichagof Harbor, Attu Island. Several fires were started by the bombardment. No enemy gun fire was encountered. No further details have been reported.

4. On April 27, despite bad weather, Army Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters carried out one attack against Japanese installations at Kiska. Re­sults were not observed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 360, APRIL 30, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 28, during the morning, a Japanese patrol of one officer and eight men, attempting to escape from Guadalcanal, was intercepted and wiped out by U. S. troops in the vicinity of Beaufort Bay, on the western coast of Guadalcanal Island.

2. On April 29:

(a) During the early morning, Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers bombed the Japanese‑held area at Kahili in the Shortland Island area. Poor visibility prevented observation of results.

22

(b) Later in the morning, Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers and Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers, escorted by Lightning (Lock­heed P‑38) and Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters, bombed Japanese installa­tions at Gatere on the southwestern coast of Kolombangara Island in the Central Solomons. An antiaircraft position and a pier were destroyed.
(c) During the afternoon, a group of Avenger torpedo bombers and Dauntless dive bombers, with Lightning and Corsair escort, attacked Pelpeli, two miles northwest of Gatere on Kolombangara Island. A fire was started.
(d) A formation of Avenger torpedo bombers and Dauntless dive bombers, supported by Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters, attacked Japa­nese positions at Munda in the Central Solomons. Hits were scored on the runway, on the revetment area and on an antiaircraft position.
(e) All U. S. planes returned from the above attack missions.

APRIL 30, 1943

JAPANESE SUBMARINE SUNK BY PATROL BOMBER

Blasted by two depth charges dropped from a Consolidated Catalina patrol bomber, a Japanese submarine was sunk while prowling off the Aleutian Islands.

The attack upon the underseas craft occurred some time ago, but the submarine's destruction has not previously been reported.

Machinist Leland L. Davis, USN, 26, of Hattiesburg, Miss., pilot of the bomber, was awarded the Navy Cross. Machinist Davis is listed as missing following another patrol flight made later on the day the submarine was sunk.

The Navy bomber was on a patrol mission when the Japanese submarine was sighted running on the surface eight miles away. Machinist Davis flew into the clouds to escape detection, came out one mile from the submarine as it began to submerge, and plunged downward in a bombing run.

Two depth charges were released just ahead of the wake. Almost im­mediately the submarine blew its tanks and emerged, bow first, with a large oil slick spreading from either side of its hull.

Members of the Catalina's crew opened fire with their machine guns and raked the submarine from bow to stern, but the depth charges had dealt the underseas craft a fatal blow. Within a few minutes the Japanese vessel sank stern first in a death dive.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 361, MAY 1, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 29:

(a) During the evening, a Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bomber bombed Japanese installations at Numa Numa on the northeast coast of Bougainville Island.
(b) During the night, a group of Liberator heavy bombers attacked Kieta on the northern coast of Bougainville Island. Two of the four fires which were started were visible for 50 miles.

2. On April 30:

(a) During the early morning, a group of Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers raided Japanese positions at Kahili in the Shortland Island area. A large fire was started.

23

(b) Later in the morning, a formation of Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers and, Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers, escorted by Airacobra (Bell P‑39) and Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters, bombed and strafed Japanese installations at Vila in the Central Solomons.
(c) During the evening, Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters strafed the Japanese‑held area at Rekata Bay on the northern coast of Santa Isabel Island.

3. All U. S. planes returned from the above operational missions.

MAY 1, 1943

COAST GUARD CUTTER SINKS GERMAN U‑BOAT

The 165‑foot Coast Guard cutter Icarus, proceeding southward from New York on a routine run, some months ago, sank a German U‑boat and took 33 prisoners, including the submarine's commanding officer.

The cutter was alone, sailing through calm seas just off the Carolina coast, with her skipper, Lt. (now Lieutenant Commander) Maurice D. Jester, USCG, and his executive officer calmly reviewing recent patrol run experi­ences when the underseas craft was detected. The submarine was dead ahead and about 100 yards distant. General Quarters was sounded, and as the crew ran to battle stations, the Icarus flashed into action.

Speeding forward, she reached the spot over the sub, and dropped a pattern of depth charges. As she turned to come back for another attack, a terrific explosion occurred in the open sea about 200 yards off the port side.

The Icarus crossed the spot where the undersea raider was submerged, dropped another pattern of charges, and followed up with two single charges in quick succession.

Then, as the officers aboard the cutter watched, air bubbles began rising to the surface. Suddenly the crippled U‑boat shot up from below, her bow pointing skyward at a 45‑degree angle. The conning tower burst open, and submarine crew members scrambled onto the deck and made for the deck gun.

The guns of the Icarus immediately opened a withering fire, sweeping the Germans back toward the conning tower. Then, as the sub started to sink, the Germans jumped into the sea. The vessel suddenly plunged beneath the surface, and the engagement was over.

The Icarus then picked up the 33 survivors and brought them into port as prisoners of war.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 362, MAY 2, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On April 30:

During the morning Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers and Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers, escorted by Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters, attacked Japanese positions at Munda in the Central Solomons.

North Pacific.

2. On April 30, Army Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters carried out two attacks on Japanese installations at Kiska. Hits were scored but bad weather prevented complete observation of results.

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 363, MAY 3, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On May 2, during the day, a force of Avenger (Grumman TBF) tor­pedo bombers, escorted by Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters, bombed Japanese installations at Munda in the Central Solomons. Hits were scored on the airfield, on the runway and in the revetment areas.

North Pacific.

2. On May 1, formations of Army planes carried out thirteen attacks against Japanese positions at Kiska. Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers, and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters participated in these raids. A heavy explosion was observed in the vicinity of North Head. The runway was damaged, fires were started and heavy smoke was seen in other areas.

3. On the same day, Liberator heavy bombers dropped bombs on the enemy target areas at Holtz Bay and Chichagof Harbor on Attu Island.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 364, MAY 4, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. U. S. forces are established on the Russell Islands, northwest of Guadalcanal Island. These islands were occupied without opposition in Feb­ruary sometime after enemy resistance had ceased on Guadalcanal.

2. On May 2, in the afternoon; Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers, escorted by Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters, bombed Japanese installations at Munda, in the Central Solomons.

3. On May 3, a force of Avengers and Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers, escorted by Wildcat, Warhawk (Curtis P‑40) and Lightning (Lock­heed P‑38) fighters, bombed and strafed Japanese installations at Rekata Bay, on Santa Isabel Island. Defense positions were hit and a large fire was started. All U. S. planes returned.

North Pacific

4. On May 2, formations of Army planes carried out eight attacks against Japanese positions at Kiska. Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bomb­ers and Warhawk and Lightning fighters participated in these raids. Hits were scored on North and South Heads. At Gertrude Cove fires were started and one building was destroyed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 365, MAY 4, 1943

North Pacific

1. Announcement may now be made of additional details of the surface engagements between a light U. S. patrol force and a Japanese force to the westward of Attu Island on March 20, 1943 (previously reported in Navy Department Communiqué No. 327).

2. The U. S. force, consisting of one heavy cruiser, one light cruiser and four destroyers, was patrolling in the area to the southeast of the Koman­dorski Islands when contact was made with the enemy shortly after dawn on the 26th. The Japanese force was composed of two heavy cruisers, two light

25

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 366, MAY 4, 1943

Pacific and Far East.

1. U. S. submarines have reported the following results of operations against the enemy in the waters of these areas:

(a) Two destroyers sunk.
(b) One medium‑sized tanker sunk.
(c) One medium‑sized cargo ship sunk.
(d) One medium‑sized supply ship sunk.
(e) One medium‑sized transport sunk.
(f) One large transport damaged and probably sunk.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 367, MAY 5, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On May 4:

(a) During the day, a force of Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) and Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters bombed and strafed Japanese positions at Van­gavanga and at Ringi Cove on Kolombangara Island in the Central Solomons. Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers and Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers, with Corsair (Vought F4U) fighter escort, followed the attack with additional bombing and strafing. A fire was started at Vangavanga and smoke was observed in the Ringi Cove area. All U. S. planes returned.
(b) Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers attacked Vila in the Central Solomons and Rekata Bay on Santa Isabel Island, starting a fire at the latter area.

North Pacific.

2. On May 3, formations of Army planes carried out nine attacks against Japanese installations at Kiska. Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bomb­ers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers and Lightning (Lock­heed P‑38) and Warhawk fighters participated in these raids. Three fires were started in the enemy main camp area and hits were observed in other areas. Heavy smoke was seen at North Head.

26

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 368, MAY 6, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On May 4, during the afternoon, Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, supported by Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters, carried out a bombing and strafing attack against Japanese installations on Attu Island. Bomb hits were observed at Holtz Bay, and the Lightnings strafed Chi­chagof Harbor.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 369, MAY 7, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On May 6, Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters strafed Japanese positions on Vella Lavella Island in the Central Solomons.

2. On May 6, during the morning, a force of Dauntless (Douglas) dive bombers, Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers, and New Zealand War­hawk bombers (Curtiss P‑40), escorted by Corsair and Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters, attacked Japanese installations at Munda, on New Georgia Island in the Central Solomons. Numerous explosions and fires were observed.

Pacific and Far East.

3. A U. S. submarine reported the following results of operations against the enemy during a war patrol in these waters, early this year, under the command of the late Commander Howard W. Gilmore, USN:

(a) One medium‑sized cargo ship sunk.
(b) One gunboat damaged and probably sunk.
(c) One medium‑sized cargo ship damaged.

4. Commander Gilmore gave his life in the action against the gunboat listed above. As he lay on the bridge mortally wounded by enemy machine gun fire, he ordered his submarine submerged to save it from threatened destruction.

6. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué.

Memorandum to the Press:

In previous war patrols, the late Commander Gilmore's submarine was credited with sinking a total of 26,946 tons of enemy shipping, in addition to entering an enemy harbor on one occasion and attacking three enemy de­stroyers, sinking two of them and damaging the third. All of these results of operations have been previously announced in Navy Department Communiqués.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 370, MAY 7, 1943

North Pacific.

1. U. S. forces have established military positions, including an airfield, on Amchitka and have been in occupation of this island since January. Amchitka is an island in the Rat Island group, in which is also located the Japanese‑held island of Kiska. Previous to the occupation of Amchitka the island of Adak, in the Andreanof Islands, had been occupied by American forces. (Occupation of positions in the Andreanofs was announced in Navy

27

Department Communiqué No. 138, on October 3, 1942.) The announcement of the occupation of Amchitka has been withheld until our positions on this island were fully consolidated.

2. The occupation of Amchitka and Adak were unopposed by the enemy. In the occupation of Amchitka the weather presented the greatest obstacle, causing damage to landing craft and severe privation to personnel in the early stages of the operations. In later periods the positions were subjected to air reconnaissance by Japanese aircraft and light bombing attacks. (Reconnais­sance and bombing flights by enemy planes over U. S. positions in the Western Aleutians were reported in Navy Department Communiqués No. 268, 273, 281, and 287. )

3. On May 5, Army planes carried out six attacks against Japanese In­stallations at Kiska. Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters, participated in these raids. Hits were scored in the Gertrude Cove, main camp, North and South Head, Submarine Base and beach areas. A number of fires were started in the beach section and one building was destroyed on North Head.

4. On the same day, Attu was bombed and strafed four times by Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell medium bombers and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters. Hits were scored on Japanese installations and one enemy plane was destroyed.

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 137, MAY 7, 1943

Text of remarks by Admiral C. W. Nimitz, USN, Commander‑in‑Chief, Pacific Fleet, at presentation of awards ceremony at Hickam Field, T. H., 1100 Friday, May 7, 1943:

OFFICERS AND MEN OF THE PACIFIC OCEAN AREAS

Two and a half weeks ago B‑24 Liberator bombers, led by Maj. Gen. Willis Hale, Commanding General of the Seventh Air Force, in a daylight attack, dropped thousands of pounds of bombs on phosphate plants, parked aircraft, barracks, fuel and munition storage and other valued Installa­tions on Nauru Island. The damage inflicted was considerable.

Two nights later American planes came out of the darkness over Tarawa and dropped many thousands of pounds of explosives. Again there was considerable damage.

It is my great pleasure to be here again at Hickam Field in recogni­tion of the men who led the attacks. Nauru is one of the great phosphate producing centers of the world and is important to the Japanese war machine. Tarawa is an important air base. It will take some time to repair the damages done by the men of the Seventh Bomber Command at Nauru and Tarawa.

Many of the officers and men participating in these missions were in action for the first time. The reports of your commanding officers laud your aggressive spirit and courage under fire. You have taken your place beside the men in combat with the enemy in other parts of the Pacific.

For his share in the preparation and execution of this mission great credit is due Major General Willis Hale. His courage and determination in leading both attack flights sparked the men of his command, and serve as an inspiration to all fighting men in this area.

Credit must also go to Brig. Gen. Truman H. Landon, Commanding General of the Seventh Bomber Command. Not content with the endless

28

detail of organizing the mission, General Landon also participated in the attack on Nauru.

In addition to the personnel of the Nauru and Tarawa attacks, there are here officers and men who have participated in other actions and missions.

To the squadron leaders, the navigators, the bombardiers and all the others who made these attacks successful‑Well Done!

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 371, MAY 8, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On May 6, during the afternoon, a U. S. plane shot down one Japanese seaplane southwest of New Georgia Island.

North Pacific.

2. On May 6:

(a) Formations of Army Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters carried out five attacks against Japanese installations at Kiska. Bombs were dropped in all the target areas and direct hits were scored on enemy positions.
(b) On the same day, formations of Army planes carried out seven attacks against Japanese positions on Attu Island. Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters participated in these raids. Hits were scored in all target areas, and several fires were started.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 372, MAY 9, 1943

South Pacific (all dates ale east longitude).

1. On the night of May 6‑7, Liberator (Consolidated) heavy bombers, attacked Japanese positions on Kahili, Fauro Island and Ballale Island in the Shortland Island area.

2. On May 8:

(a) During the morning a formation of Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers attacked several Japanese destroyers in the vicinity of Gizo Island in the New Georgia group. One hit with a 1,000‑pound bomb was scored on one destroyer, and several near hits were observed on two other destroyers.
(b) The same morning, Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers and Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters bombed and strafed Japanese posi­tions at Munda.

MAY 10, 1943

NAVY CATALINA FLYING BOAT SINKS GERMAN SUBMARINE

A Navy Catalina flying boat sighted a fully‑surfaced German submarine eight miles distant in West Indian waters, dived on it and sank it. The action took place sometime in March.

The approach maneuver was so skillfully executed by the pilot, Lt. (j.g. ) John Edwin Dryden, Jr., USNR, 4035 Troost Street, Kansas City, Mo., that

29

the plane was able to strafe the submarine before dropping four depth charges which broke the enemy undersea craft amidships.

Approaching his target, Lt. (j.g.) Dryden took his plane down from 4,500 to 1,200 feet and, a quarter of a mile from the submarine, pushed into a 45‑degree dive. The submarine, a large type over 200 feet long, was proceeding below him at a speed of from eight to 10 knots.

So completely was the enemy surprised that two crew members were caught basking on deck. After a 100‑round machine gun burst from 300 yards, one German never rose and the other, heading for the sub's gun, threw up his hands and pitched forward on the deck.

As the plane pulled out of its dive, Pilot Dryden and Lt. (j.g.) Stetson C. Beal, USNR., Lisbon Falls, Maine, the co‑pilot, jerked the switches releasing four depth charges in salvo from an altitude of less than 100 feet.

The two port charges left their racks and hit the water 10 to 15 feet to starboard of the U‑boat and just aft of the conning tower. A few seconds later, the submarine lifted and broke in two amidships. The center sections went under water first, then the bow and stern rose in the air and submerged. Simultaneously, a terrific explosion occurred, cascading debris, smoke and water 40 feet in the air.

Immediately after the explosion, a large patch of foam‑200 feet across­ appeared and stayed on the surface for four or five minutes. Then a shining green oil slick appeared, expanding during the next hour and a half until it was a quarter of a mile wide and three‑quarters of a mile long, with whitecaps licking at its edges. Emerging from the wreckage of the submarine were eleven members of the submarine crew, who swam or clung to debris floating about the huge oil slick.

Cruising low over the struggling men, crew members of the Catalina dropped life rafts, along with emergency rations tied to life jackets. Six of the eleven Germans were seen to lose their grip on fragments of wreckage and slip beneath the oily waters. Five others were seen perched on a raft. They waved frantically for the plane to land, but rough seas prevented a rescue effort.

The Catalina crew, after cruising the area for an hour and 39 minutes, was forced by a dwindling gas supply to return to base. No survivors have been announced as rescued to date.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 373, MAY 11, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On May 10:

(a) During the morning, a force of Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers, escorted by Corsair (Vought F4U), Wildcat (Grumman F4F) and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters, attacked Japanese installations at Munda on New Georgia Island in the Central Solomons. Hits were scored on enemy anti‑aircraft positions and several fires were started.
(b) During the afternoon, Dauntless dive bombers and Avenger torpedo bombers, with Corsair escort, bombed Japanese positions at Vanga­vanga on the southwest coast of Kolombangara Island.

(c) All U. S. planes returned from the above attack missions.

30

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 374, MAY 12, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On May 11:

(a) During the early morning, a group of Army Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers bombed Japanese installations at Kahili on Bougainville Island and at Shortland Island. Fires were started at Kahili, but results of the attack on Shortland Island were not observed.
(b) Later in the morning, a force of Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers, escorted by Wildcat (Grumman F4F) and Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters, attacked Japanese positions at Rekata Bay, on Santa Isabel Island. Two barges and one seaplane were strafed and the seaplane was set on fire.
(c) All U. S. planes returned from these operational attacks.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 375, MAY 13, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On May 11, a force of Army Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers attacked Japanese installations at Kiska, dropping bombs on the runway and main camp area.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On May 12

(a) During the morning, Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bomb­ers bombed Japanese positions on Ballale Island in the Shortland Island area, and started a large fire.
(b) About the same time, Flying Fortresses attacked Kahili in the Shortland Island area and started a number of fires which appeared to be burning enemy aircraft.
(c) Later in the morning, Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers, escorted by Warhawk (Cur­tiss P‑40) and Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters, attacked Japanese instal­lations at Munda on New Georgia Island in the Central Solomons.
(d) On the night of May 12‑13, U. S. light surface units bombarded Japanese positions at Vila on Kolombangara Island and at Munda.

3. The Allied naval vessels which previously were announced as sunk by Japanese air attack on Allied shipping in the vicinity of Guadalcanal on April 7, 1943, now can be named as the destroyer USS Aaron Ward, the tanker USS Kanawha, and the corvette HMNZS Moa. The next of kin of all casualties aboard these vessels have been notified. The action previously was reported in Navy Department Communiqués No. 337, 338, 339 and 340.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 376, MAY 14, 1943

North. Pacific.

1. On May 11 United States forces landed at the Island of Attu in the Aleutians and are now engaged with Japanese forces on the island. Details of the operation will be released when the situation clarifies.

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 377, MAY 14, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On May 13

(a) In the early morning, a Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bomber attacked Japanese installations at Kahili while another Liberator bombed Ballale Island, in the Shortland Island area. Results of these attacks were not observed.
(b) In the early afternoon, U. S. fighters engaged about twenty‑five Japanese Zeros in the vicinity of the Russell Islands. Sixteen Zeros were definitely shot down and two more were probably destroyed. Corsair (Vought F4U) fighter planes accounted for fifteen of the Zeros. Five U. S. planes were lost, but two of the pilots were saved.

North Pacific.

2. On May 13:

(a) Army Liberator heavy bombers attacked the Japanese main camp area at Kiska. Results were not observed due to poor visibility.
(b) During the same day, a formation of Army Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters bombed Japanese installations at Kiska.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 378, MAY 16, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On May 13:

(a) During the night Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers attacked Japanese installations at Kahili and on Ballale Island, in the Shortland Island area. Large fires were started.
(b) On the same night Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo planes at­tacked Japanese shipping in the Buin area and scored two hits on a cargo vessel which was observed to explode.
(c) During the night four Japanese bombers dropped bombs on Guadal­canal Island, causing slight damage to U. S. installations. U. S. fighter planes attacked the bombers and shot down one enemy bomber and dam­aged two others.

2. On May 14:

During the night Japanese shipping in the Buin area was again attacked by Avenger torpedo planes while Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Japanese installations at Kahili and on Ballale Island.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 379, MAY 17, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On May 15, during the night, Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bomb­ers attacked four Japanese cargo vessels in the Buin area. One enemy ship was set on fire.

Pacific and Far East.

2. U. S. submarines have reported the following results of operations against the enemy in the waters of these areas.

(a) One destroyer sunk.
(b) One large cargo ship sunk.

32

(c) One medium‑sized cargo ship sunk.
(d) One medium‑sized transport sunk.
(e) One small passenger‑freighter sunk.
(f) One small escort vessel sunk.
(g) One large tanker damaged.

3. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 380, MAY 17, 1943

North Pacific.

1. Operations against the Japanese on Attu Island are continuing.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 381, MAY 18, 1943

North Pacific.

1. The military situation now permits the announcement of some of the details of the landing of U. S. forces on Attu Island on May 11. (Previously announced in Navy Department Communiqué No. 376. )

2. The occupation began with scouting parties landing at Blind Cove, Holtz Bay, located at the northeastern end of Attu. Main landings of U. a. troops were effected at two points: (1) in the Holtz Bay area, and (2) at Massacre Bay, located at the southeastern end of Attu.

3. The landings were made under the cover of U. S. Naval surface forces, which bombarded enemy installations in both areas, and U. S. Army planes, which attacked enemy positions in the vicinity of Chichagof Harbor.

4. Both groups of U. S. troops advanced inland, encountering stubborn enemy resistance from numerous machine gun nests. Japanese forces on the island have entrenched themselves along a. rocky ridge.

5. In spite of unfavorable weather conditions, U. S. Army planes have carried out several bombing and strafing attacks since the initial landings were made. Our troops have established their positions on the island, and operations against the enemy are continuing.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 382, MAY 18, 1943

Central Pacific.

1. On May 15, a force of Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Japanese installations on Wake Island. Bad weather pre­vented observation of results. U. S. planes were engaged by 22 Japanese Zero fighters of which two were definitely destroyed and one additional was probably destroyed.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On May 16, during the morning, Navy and Marine Corps Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers, escorted by Army Airacobra (Bell P‑39) and Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters, bombed and strafed Japanese installations at Rekata Bay, Santa Isabel Island.

33

North Pacific.

3. On May 17, U. S. forces on Attu Island attacked enemy positions on the high ground between the two arms of Holtz Bay. In spite of strong coun­terattacks by the enemy, our troops took possession of this area in the evening.

4. U. S. surface forces continue to bombard enemy positions and to cover advances of our ground troops.

5. In spite of the difficulties and hazards of operations on the island, U. S. casualties to date have been light.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 383, MAY 19, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On May 18

(a) During the morning, U. S. forces working inland from Holtz Bay on Attu Island were in possession of the high ridge southeast of Holtz Bay, and U. S. troops from the Massacre Bag area were advancing northward.
(b) During the day, the Massacre Bay force advanced up a pass toward the Holtz Bay force, and advance patrols from the two forces joined.
(c) During the afternoon, the pass was cleared of enemy troops which withdrew toward Chichagof Harbor, leaving only snipers behind.

2. Several three‑inch antiaircraft guns have been captured from the enemy and are being used by our troops.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

3. On May 17, U. S. dive bombers attacked the Japanese seaplane base at Rekata Bay on Santa Isabel Island. Results were not observed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 384, MAY 20, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On May 18, gunfire from U. S. light surface forces assisted in clearing the Holtz Bay‑Massacre Bay pass of enemy troops.

2. On May 19:

(a) U. S. forces captured Sarana Pass leading to the Chichagof Harbor area. The contacts of the U. S. north and south forces from the Holtz Bay and Massacre Bay areas have confined Japanese resistance to the Chichagof Harbor area, except for isolated sniper activities.
(b) A force of U. S. Army bombers attacked military objectives in the Chichagof Harbor area.

3. U. S. forces are now in possession of the runway in the Holtz Bay area.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

4. On May 18, during the night, six Japanese bombers attacked U. S. positions on Guadalcanal Island and in the Russell Islands. There was no report of damage or casualties.

34

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 385, MAY 21, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On May 19‑20, during the night, eight Japanese bombers attacked Guadalcanal Island, causing minor damage. U. S. fighters shot down two of the enemy planes.

North Pacific.

2. On May 19, operations on Attu continued. Japanese forces have estab­lished positions on the high ground east of Attu Village. U. S. Army bombers attacked Japanese entrenchments in the area north of Sarana Bay.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 386, MAY 22, 1943

North Pacific.

1. The battle for Attu has entered the final phase with the defending Japanese forces split into three groups occupying positions in the following areas:

(a) Chichagof Harbor.
(b) Chichagof Valley.
(c) North side of Lake Nicholas.

2. On May 20, during the night, a strong enemy position on a ridge in the Sarana‑Massacre Bay area was neutralized. An enemy unit which suc­ceeded in penetrating our lines was subsequently wiped out.

3. On May 21:

(a) U. S. forces attacked the enemy position to the eastward of Chichagof Valley.
(b) Lightning fighters supported ground operations by strafing and bombing enemy positions from low altitudes. A fuel depot was set on fire and other fires were started. Attu Village was completely destroyed with the exception of a church and one other building.

4. On May 21, Army Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated B‑24) at­tacked the Japanese main camp area on Kiska. Due to weather conditions, results were not observed.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

5. On May 20‑21, during the night, Liberator heavy bombers (Consoli­dated) attacked Japanese installations at Kahili and Ballale in the Shortland Island area. Hits were scored on the runway and enemy searchlight positions at Kahili.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 387, MAY 23, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On the afternoon of May 22, about fifteen twin‑engine Japanese bomb­ers unsuccessfully attacked two U. S. surface units operating in the Attu area.

2. There was no change in the general situation ashore.

35

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 388, MAY 24, 1943

North. Pacific.

1. On May 23:

(a) The pressure of U. S. Army forces against pockets of Japanese resistance on Attu Island continues. A number of enemy points of re­sistance have been liquidated.
(b) During the afternoon, sixteen Japanese twin‑engine bombers were attacked by six Army Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters over the eastern part of Attu. Five of the enemy bombers were shot down. One U. S. fighter is missing. Another fighter was shot down, but the pilot was rescued.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 389, MAY 25, 1943

North, Pacific.

1. On May 23:

(a) U. S. Army forces continued to advance and exert pressure on Japanese forces on Attu, despite sleet, snow and rain which handicapped operations.
(b) Further details received relating to the attack of six Army Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters on sixteen Japanese twin‑engine bomb­ers (previously reported in Navy Department Communiqué No. 388) reveal that five of the enemy bombers were definitely destroyed and seven addi­tional bombers were probably destroyed. The remaining four Japanese bombers fled to the west. When sighted by U. S. Army fighters, the bombers unloaded their bombs but did not attack any of the U. S. positions.
(c) U. S. Army planes bombed the Japanese main camp area at Kiska.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On May 23, three Japanese cargo vessels in the Shortland Island area were bombed by Liberator (Consolidated) heavy bombers. Results were not observed.

3. During the night of May 23‑24:

(a) Guadalcanal Island was attacked by three Japanese bombers. No damage was inflicted on U. S. personnel and positions.
(b) Strong formations of Liberator and Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers heavily attacked Japanese positions in the Shortland Island area and at Munda, in the Central Solomons.
(c) One Japanese plane attempted to bomb Espiritu Santo, in the New Hebrides group. The bombs fell without effect into the sea.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 390, MAY 26, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On May 23, the small U. S. auxiliary vessel Niagara was attacked by Japanese planes east of Cape Surville, San Cristobal Island. Considerable damage was inflicted ion, the vessel, which was subsequently sunk by U. S. forces after members of the crew were taken aboard accompanying naval units.

2. On May 24, Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers and Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters bombed and strafed Japanese installations at Ringi Cove, west of Vila on Kolombangara Island.

36

3. On May 25, Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers, Avenger torpedo bombers and Wildcat fighters bombed and strafed Japanese installations at Rekata Bay, Santa Isabel Island. Ammunition dumps were exploded and large fires were started.

North Pacific.

4. On May 24, U. S. Army ground troops cleared out both sides of Chichagof Valley. An assault was made by combined northern and southern forces along the ridge north of the Valley and was reported as continuing. Assisting in the assault were U. S. Army air forces consisting of Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B-25) medium bombers and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters. These planes bombed and strafed Japanese positions in the Chichagof area and started fires.

MAY 26, 1943

NAVY PATROL PLANE SINKS ENEMY SUBMARINE

Diving his big PBY patrol. plane on a surfaced enemy submarine in the face of steady antiaircraft fire, Ensign Thurmond Edgar Robertson, USN, 136 East Columbia Avenue, Spartanburg, S. C., so crippled the enemy craft with his depth bombs that a second patrol plane, piloted by Lieutenant Gerard Bradford, Jr., USNR., 61 Williams Court, Mobile, Ala., was able to finish the job and sink the sub. The sinking took place several weeks ago.

Leaving 30 or 40 survivors on the surface, the submarine continued firing until the conning tower disappeared.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 391, MAY 27, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On May 25:

(a) A U. S. naval vessel bombarded Japanese, shore installations in the Chichagof area and started numerous fires.
(b) Army Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters bombed the main camp area at Kiska. Hits were scored in the vicinity of gun emplacements and other installations.

2. On May 26:

(a.) All buildings in the Chichagof area have been destroyed.
(b) U. S. Army troops, after hard fighting in a coordinated attack along the ridge south of Chichagof Corridor, succeeded in gaining a foot­hold on the high ground south of Chichagof.
(c) The right flank of the U. S. Army's southern forces is opposed by a Japanese force dug in on a ridge south of Lake Cories.
(d) Air support was provided by Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers and Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers which attacked Japanese positions in the Chichagof area. Army Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters assisted by strafing attacks.

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 392, MAY 28, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On May 26:

(a) U. S. Army troops gained several important points along the ridge south of Chichagof Corridor. Hard hand to hand fighting over rugged terrain continued.
(b) The U. S. Army's northern forces have penetrated a part of Fish­-Hook Ridge about one and five‑eighths miles southwest of Chichagof Har­bor. Fighting continues in order to clear the Japanese from the high peaks in the vicinity.
(c) An attack by U. S. troops to eliminate the enemy from the ridge south of Lake Cories is in progress.
(d) Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters effectively supported ground operations.

2. On May 26, Army Mitchell medium bombers and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters made three attacks on Kiska, bombing the Japanese main camp area and runway. Numerous hits were observed.

3. In an attack on Kiska (reported in Navy Department Communiqué No. 391) the Warhawk fighters participating were manned by Royal Canadian Air Force pilots.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 393, MAY 28, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On May 27, on Attu Island

(a) U. S. Army forces moved ahead and along a ridge commanding the area between Lake Cories and Lake Canirca.
(b) After artillery and mortar preparation, U. S. Army troops at­tacked the ridge extending to the east of Fish‑Hook Ridge. A Japanese position on Fish‑Hook Ridge was neutralized.
(c) U. S. Army patrols continue to probe Japanese positions on the lower ridge extending eastward from the Chichagof Valley floor.
(d) Army Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters supported ground operations.

2. A formation of Army Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters bombed Japan­ese positions at Kiska. Due to poor visibility results were unobserved.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 394, MAY 29, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On May 27, on Attu Island, U. S. Army troops, in capturing the strong Japanese position on Fish‑Hook Ridge (previously reported as neutralized in Navy Department Communiqué No. 393) fought over rugged and snowy terrain and scaled sixty degree ridges in the face of strong enemy fire. The Japanese positions were entrenched above the cloud line.

2. On May 28:

(a) The strong point of Japanese defense is centered in the area formed between the north wall of Chichagof Valley, Holtz Bay Pass and Chichagof Harbor.

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(b) There is little Japanese activity in the Khlebnikof area except for one enemy position on the ridge east of the north end of Lake Cories. Other parts of the island are devoid of enemy activity.
(c) Air operations were hampered by bad weather.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

3. On May 28, a force of Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers flew in bad weather to bomb Munda on New Georgia Island in the Central Solo­mons. Hits were scored on the runway and in the revetment area. Numerous explosions were observed and fires were started.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 395, MAY 30, 1943

North Pacific (on Attu Island).

1. On May 28, U. S. Army troops cleared the Japanese from the easterly and northerly faces of Fish‑Hook Ridge.

2. On May 29:

(a) At dawn the enemy counter‑attacked the right flank of the U. S. Army forces on the Chichagof Valley floor. Except for snipers, this enemy force was annihilated. Preliminary reports indicate that the Japanese casualties were high.
(b) Unfavorable weather conditions prevented air operations.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 396, MAY 31, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On May 30, U. S. Army forces on Attu Island continued in the mopping up of the remaining Japanese pockets of resistance.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 397, JUNE 1, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On May 30, on Attu Island

(a) Three separate columns of U. S. Army troops coming in from the South, Southwest and West respectively, effected a junction on the shores of Chichagof Harbor.
(b) In the forward movement of the U. S. Army troops small Japanese groups offered weak resistance. Over 400 of the enemy were killed in the operations during the night of May 29‑30.

2. On May 30, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American 8‑25) medium bombers, and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters attacked Japanese installations at Kiska. Fires were started in Gertrude Cove, the camp area, on a beached ship and on the runway.

39

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 398, JUNE 1, 1943

Pacific and Far East.

1. U. S. submarines have reported the following results of operations against the enemy in the waters of these areas:

(a) One destroyer sunk.
(b) One large tanker sunk.
(c) One large cargo ship sunk.
(d) Two medium‑sized cargo ships sunk.
(e) One small cargo ship sunk.
(f) One medium‑sized transport sunk.
(g) One large tanker damaged and probably sunk.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Department Communiqué.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 399, JUNE 2, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On May 31, on Attu Island, mopping up operations by U. S. Army troops against isolated Japanese groups continued.

2. As of midnight May 30, the Japanese casualties on Attu were estimated as follows:

Killed, 1,500; captured, 4.

3. On May 31, formations of Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters bombed and strafed Japanese positions at Kiska. Hits were scored on the runway, North Head and Gertrude Cove.

JUNE 2, 1943

COAST GUARD CUTTER, SINKS GERMAN SUB

The United States Coast Guard cutter Spencer has chalked up a definite submarine sinking to her credit.

In an engagement in the Atlantic several weeks ago, the Spencer skill­fully tracked down a U‑boat which tried to slip away under the roar of the propellers of a convoy, forced the raider to the surface with depth charges, and destroyed her in the gun battle which followed, taking many survivors prisoner.

Casualties aboard the Spencer were light, while the cutter suffered only slight damage.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 400, JUNE 3, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On June 1, on Attu Island, U. S. Army troops combed scattered areas and by noon had eliminated minor groups of Japanese troops encountered.

2. It is further reported that the known Japanese dead on Attu Island total 1,791. This figure does not include the unknown number killed by ar­tillery fire and bombs. Such casualties were either cremated or buried by the Japanese.

3. On June 1, formations of Army Mitchell (North American B‑25) and

40

Ventura (Vega B‑34) medium bombers, Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and War­hawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters bombed and strafed Kiska. Hits were scored on the Japanese main camp area, runway and gun emplacements. A number of Canadians piloting Warhawks participated.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

4. During the evening of May 31, Liberator (Consolidated) heavy bombers attacked Japanese installations at Tinputs Harbor and Numa Numa Harbor on the northeast coast of Bougainville Island. Numerous large fires were started. In addition, two small Japanese vessels off Tinputs were bombed. One of these vessels was damaged and beached.

JUNE 3, 1943

ENEMY SUBMARINE BLOWN IN TWO BY NAVY PATROL PLANE

An enemy submarine was blown in two several months ago by depth bombs from a Navy Catalina patrol plane which surprised the undersea craft in South Atlantic waters as its crew members apparently were taking sun baths.

The submarine was blown out of the water. The plane's crew reported that as it rose it broke, and several objects which looked like long cylindrical tanks floated up among the spouting debris and wreckage. The stern of the submarine then rose vertically out of the water, to a height of 8 or 10 feet, bobbed up and down, and then plunged straight down in the rough seas.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 401, JUNE 4, 1943

North Pacific.

1. On June 1, on Attu Island, small bands of Japanese troops still roamed some areas of the island, although there was no further organized enemy re­sistance.

2. The U. S. Army casualties on Attu as of midnight, June 1, were as follows:

Killed, 342; wounded, 1,135; missing, 58.

3. In addition to the known Japanese dead of 1,791 on Attu Island (pre­viously reported in Navy Department Communiqué No. 400) U. S. Army troops have captured 11 prisoners.

JUNE 4, 1943

COMMAND IN THE ALEUTIANS

The conclusion of planned, operations in the capture of Attu which has been signalized by the collapse of all organized enemy resistance makes timely a summary of the military organization involved in this and in similar opera­tions. These combined operations emphasize the close integration of branches of the armed services which must be effected in present‑day warfare.

In the North Pacific area, joint military operations are under the com­mand of Rear Admiral Thomas Cassin Kinkaid, U. S. Navy, who is operating directly under Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Commander in Chief of the Pacific Fleet. Admiral Nimitz's responsibilities extend to the entire Pacific Ocean areas except for the Australian area.

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In the Pacific theater of war, operational problems involve the coordina­tion of aircraft, surface ships (including troop transports) and ground opera­tions. The operations against Attu served to illustrate the operational solution which has been devised to meet these problems. The area commander, in this case Admiral Kinkaid, has the over‑all responsibility for coordinating and implementing the various forces involved in such an operation. Under him, Rear Admiral Francis W. Rockwell, U. S. Navy, Commander Amphibious Forces, Pacific Fleet, had the immediate responsibility of transporting troops over water to the points of attack and providing for their expeditious landing on shore. Once ashore, ground operations were under the immediate com­mand of the Army Commander, Major General Eugene M. Landrum, U. S. Army. Preliminary to the landing, during the landing, and subsequent thereto, air attack and support was provided by Army and Navy Air Forces. Army Air Forces were under the command of Major General William O. Butler. Cana­dian pilots also took part in the operations.

In all of the Aleutian operations from their inception, the closest coopera­tion has been maintained between the service commanders, including Lieuten­ant General John L. De Witt of the Western Defense Command, and Lieuten­ant General Simon B. Buckner of the Alaskan Defense Command, each com­mander functioning in his specialized field and all cooperating to a common end. It is notable that this operation, under conditions of weather in which fog and low visibility contributed to the difficulties of transport of the ground forces and the landing of a large force of men, was accomplished without the loss of a single ship or of a single man, and that casualties on share were surprisingly low. This fortunate outcome cannot always be anticipated in Amphibious opera­tions which are well known to be the most difficult and dangerous in all modern military warfare.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 402, JUNE 6, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 5:

(a) In the early morning, a formation of Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17) bombed Japanese installations at Kahili, Buin area.
(b) At about noon of the same day a formation of Dauntless (Doug­las) dive bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers, escorted by Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40), Corsair (Vought F4U) and Light­ning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters, attacked a Japanese destroyer, a corvette and a cargo vessel in the Bougainville area. Several large‑calibre bomb hits were scored on the destroyer which undoubtedly sank. The corvette and the cargo vessel were set on fire.
(c) In the above action the U. S. attacking planes were engaged by a large force of Japanese Zero fighters. U. S. pilots shown down 15 Zeros and damaged 3 others. Four U. S. planes are missing.

North Pacific.

2. On June 4, formations of Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Ventura (Vega B‑34) medium bombers and Lightning and Warhawk fighters carried out five attacks against Japanese installations at Kiska. Hits were scored on buildings and gun emplacements.

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JUNE 6, 1943

NEW VENTURA BOMBER SINKS ENEMY SUBMARINE

One of the Navy's new patrol bombers, a Vega Ventura (PV‑1), depth-charged and sank an enemy submarine while protecting an Atlantic convoy. The sinking occurred in April, a short time after the Navy pressed the first of the new planes into service.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 403, JUNE 7, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 6:

(a) During the morning formations of Navy Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers, escorted by Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters, attacked Japanese installa­tions at Munda, New Georgia Island in the Central Solomons. Results of this attack were not observed. All U. S. planes returned.
(b) Later in the same day, a formation of Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑410) fighters strafed Japanese positions on Choiseul Island. Enemy gun emplacements were silenced. All U. S. planes returned.

North Pacific.

2. On June 5, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers and Ventura (Vega B‑34) medium bombers attacked Japanese installations at Kiska. Due to a heavy overcast results of the attack could not be observed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 404, JUNE 8, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 7, during the morning approximately 40 or 50 Japanese Zeros and torpedo bombers were attacked by U. S. fighter planes in the vicinity of the Russell Islands. Nineteen Zeros were shot down and six damaged. U. S. losses were seven planes, but three of the pilots were saved.

North Pacific.

2. On June 7, an additional 8 Japanese were killed on Attu Island. Eleven more of the enemy killed themselves with grenades after being sur­rounded by U. S. Army troops in Chichagof Valley. The total known enemy dead as of June 7 is 1,826.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 405, JUNE 10, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 9, during the afternoon, Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers, escorted by Warhawk (Curtis P‑40) and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters, bombed Japanese positions at Munda on New Georgia Island in the Central Solomons. No U. S. losses were sustained.

North Pacific.

2. On June 9, during the day, nineteen more of the enemy were killed on Attu Island. In addition, five prisoners were taken.

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 406, JUNE 11, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 10:

(a) During the morning Marine Corsairs (Vought F4U) and Army Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters intercepted and shot down four Mit­subishi bombers over the north end of Malaita Island. Three of the enemy bombers were accounted for by Marine Corsair fighters and the other by an Army Lightning fighter.

(b) During the same, day enemy positions on Vila, Kolombangara Island, were attacked by Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) and Lightning fighters with un­observed results.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 407, JUNE 12, 1943

North Pacific.

1. During the night of June 8‑9, U. S. Army patrols on Attu Island killed sixty‑six Japanese and captured one in the area between Sarana Bay and Cape Khlebnikof. There is no enemy activity on other parts of the island.

2. On June 10, during the afternoon, Army Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers, Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters made four attacks on Japanese installations at Kiska. Hits were scored along the run­way and on gun emplacements. Barges were strafed by the fighters.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 408, JUNE 12, 1943

1. The U. S. submarines Amberjack and Grampus have failed to return from patrol operations and must be presumed to be lost.

2. The next of kin of personnel in the Amberjack and Grampus have been so informed.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 409, JUNE 13, 1943

North Pacific.

1. During the morning of June 11, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers and Light­ning (Lockheed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters carried out 'five attacks against Japanese installations at Kiska. Hits were scored in the main camp from and on the runway. Barges in the harbor were bombed and strafed.

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

2. On June 10, during the night, Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers bombed and started fires among Japanese positions in the Buin area.

3. On June 12:

(a) During the. morning a force of Navy, Marine Corps and Army fighter planes intercepted about forty or fifty Japanese fighters in the vicinity of the Russell Islands. Twenty‑five Zeros were shot down and

44

eight more probably shot down. U: S. losses were six planes with all but two of the pilots being rescued.

(b) On the same morning Army Liberator bombers encountered two Mitsubishi bombers twenty miles west of Buka Island. One enemy bomber was destroyed.

4. In Navy Department Communiqué No. 408, it was reported that U. S. fighter planes intercepted and shot down four Mitsubishi bombers over the north end of Malaita Island. A later report now reveals that five enemy bombers were shot down instead of four as previously reported.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 410, JUNE 14, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 12, during the night, Army Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) and Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Japanese positions at Kahili, Buin area. Results were not observed. No. U. S. losses were sustained.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 411, JUNE 14, 1943

Pacific and Far East.

1. U. S. submarines have reported the following results of operation against the enemy in the waters of these areas:

(a) 1 Destroyer sunk.
(b) 1 Large transport sunk.
(o) 5 Medium‑sized cargo vessels sunk.
(d) 1 Large trawler sunk.
(e) 1 Patrol vessel sunk.
(f) 1 Small supply vessel sunk.
(g) 2 Small cargo vessels sunk.
(h) 1 Large tanker damaged.
(i) 1 Destroyer damaged.
(j) 1 Medium‑sized transport damaged and probably sunk.
(k) 1 Medium‑sized transport badly damaged.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Department Communiqué.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 412, JUNE 15, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 13:

(a) During the day Navy fighter planes in the South Pacific damaged a Japanese reconnaissance bomber.

(b) During the night, Japanese bombers were over Guadalcanal Island. A small number of bombs were dropped. No personnel or material casualties occurred.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 413, JUNE 16, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. During the evenings of June 13 and 14, Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) and. Liberator (Consolidated) heavy bombers attacked Japanese installations at Kahili and on Shortland Island in the Buin area.

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2. On the evening of June 14, Army Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers escorted by Navy Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters bombed the runway and antiaircraft positions of the airfield at Vila, Kolombangara Island.

3. On June 15, in the early morning, Japanese planes dropped bombs on Guadalcanal Island. No personnel or material damage has been reported.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 414, JUNE 17, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 15, during the morning, Navy Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers, escorted by Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters, attacked Japanese positions in western New Georgia Island. Fires were started and heavy explosions were observed.

2. On June 16, during the morning, Navy Avenger and Dauntless dive bombers, escorted by Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters, attacked Japanese posi­tions on Choiseul Island. Fires were started.

North Pacific.

3. On June 15, during the afternoon, Navy Ventura (Vega PV) medium bombers attacked Kiska. Hits were scored in the main camp area, along the runway and among antiaircraft batteries.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 415, JUNE 17, 1943

South Pacific.

1. A brief report received from the South Pacific reveals that in an air battle over Guadalcanal Island on June 16, U. S. planes shot down thirty‑two Japanese bombers and forty‑five Zero fighters. Six U. S. planes are missing.

2. No further details have been received.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 416, JUNE 18, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 16, during the night, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Japanese positions on Ballale Island, Shortland Island Area. Results were not observed. One U. S. bomber is missing.

2. Further details of the air battle over Guadalcanal Island (previously mentioned in Navy Department Communiqué No. 415) reveal that the Japanese air forces engaged were estimated to have been sixty bombers and sixty fighters.

One U. S. merchant ship and one landing barge were damaged. U. S. per­sonnel casualties were: Twenty‑five killed, twenty‑nine injured, and twenty-two missing afloat and ashore. The latest report confirms that six U. S. planes were lost, but the pilot of one plane was rescued.

North Pacific.

3. On June 16, three additional Japanese soldiers were captured in the Khlebnikof Area, Attu Island. The total number of enemy captured is 24.

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 417, JUNE 17, 1943

The U. S. Coast Guard Cutter Escanaba, assigned to convoy duty in the North Atlantic, has been reported lost.

All hands except two enlisted men were lost with the ship. Next of kin have been notified.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 418, JUNE 19, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 16, a twin‑engine Japanese reconnaissance bomber was shot down southeast of San Cristobal Island.

2. On June 17:

(a) During the afternoon, Dauntless (Douglass SBD) dive bombers escorted by Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters attacked Japanese positions at Rekata Bay, Santa Isabel Island. Hits were scored on enemy antiaircraft positions.

(b) During the night an unknown number of Japanese planes approached Guadalcanal Island, and dropped several bombs harmlessly into the water off Tulagi. No damage or casualties were sustained.

3. Additional reports received indicate that in the air battle over Guadal­canal Island (previously reported in Navy Department Communiqués 415 and 416) 94 Japanese planes were destroyed instead of 77. Of the additional 17, 16 were shot down by ships in the harbor and one by shore‑based antiaircraft.

The Japanese planes were met by Army and Navy fighter planes, partici­pating in approximately equal numbers. The Navy planes were manned by Navy and Marine Corps pilots. Eight of the Army planes were flown by New Zealand pilots. All U. S. planes were based on Henderson Field. Fighting plane types including Corsairs (Vought F4U), Wildcats (Grumman F4F), Lightnings (Lockheed P‑38), Airacobras (Bell P‑39), and Warhawks (Curtiss P‑40). This air victory was a striking example of coordinated battle action by the various units concerned.

The Japanese planes came in over Beaufort Bay (West coast of Guadal­canal Island) and were engaged by the U. S. planes. At about the same time, another group of Japanese planes approached from farther north and were immediately attacked. Approximately 30 enemy dive bombers maneuvered to attack U. S. cargo vessels escorted by destroyers. Subsequent contacts were made over Koli Point, Savo Island, Cape Esperance and Tulagi.

The dive bombing of U. S. surface units occurred at about 2:15 p. m. In this attack a cargo vessel and a landing craft were damaged. One other cargo vessel sustained minor damage.

In the air action, 30 Navy and Marine Corps planes shot down sixteen Zero fighters and seventeen bombers. Thirty‑six Army planes shot down twenty-­nine Zeros and ten bombers. The eight New Zealand pilots shot down five bombers.

Of the six U. S. planes shot down, two of the pilots were rescued.

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 419, JUNE 20, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 18:

(a) During the night, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Kahili, Buin Area. Large fires were started.

(b) On the same night, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers attacked Ballale Island, Shortland Area.

In Wilson Strait (south of Vella Lavella Island) six Japanese barges were strafed.

The Vila runway on Kolombangara Island was also bombed by a Mitchell bomber.

2. On the night of June 18‑18, Navy Catalinas (Consolidated PBY) patrol bombers and Army Liberators attacked Japanese positions on Nauru Island. Large oil fires were started and a considerable amount of damage was caused in the dispersal area and among the living quarters.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 420, JUNE 21, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude).

1. On June 18‑19, during the night Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24 ) heavy bombers attacked Japanese installations at Tarawa in the Gilbert Islands. A number of hits were scored on the enemy positions. Although seven enemy Zero fighters were in the air over Tarawa, they did not press a determined attack against the U. S. bombers.

2. On June 19, during the night Army Liberators attacked Japanese posi­tions at Kahili, Buin area. A number of fires were started.

3. On June 20, during the morning, Navy Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers escorted by Army Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) and Navy Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters attacked Vila, Kolombangara Island. A supply dump was hit and a fire started. Hits were also scored on the runway.

North Pacific.

4. On June 20, during the day, Navy Ventura (Vega PV) medium bombers attacked Japanese installations at Kiska. Results were not observed.

5. In all of the above operations all U. S. planes returned.

JUNE 21, 1943

MERCHANT VESSEL SURVIVES FIVE AIR ATTACKS;

SHOOTS DOWN FOUR PLANES, PROBABLY TWO MORE

The story of how an American merchant vessel last January, ran the gauntlet of five air attacks in the Eastern Atlantic. and Mediterranean, during which the Navy gun crew commanded by Lieutenant (junior grade) Robert H. McIlwaine, U. S. N. R., of 34 East 62 Street, New York City, shot down four enemy planes and accounted for two more "probables", was told when the ship arrived recently at a United States port.

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Although damaged by near misses and by a bomb which penetrated to its highly inflammable cargo but failed to explode, the vessel was able to keep position in the convoy and to discharge its cargo on schedule. Temporary repairs were made, and the vessel continued to do her job for many weeks before coming to the United States for permanent repairs.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 421, JUNE 22, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On June 20: 

(a) During the afternoon, three Navy Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters intercepted and shot down a Mitsubishi bomber north of Florida Island.

(b) During the evening, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Japanese positions at Kieta, Bougainville Island, and Kahili, Buin Area. Results were not observed. 

2. On June 21: 

During the afternoon, Navy Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers, escorted by Wildcat fighters, attacked Japanese installations at Munda, New Georgia Island. Hits were scored on the antiaircraft positions and several were silenced. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 422, JUNE 24, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On June 20, during the night, a U. S. light surface unit was unsuccess­fully attacked by a Japanese plane in the vicinity of Savo Island. 

2. On June 22‑23, during the night, two U. S. patrol craft were unsuccess­fully strafed by a Japanese float plane in the vicinity of the Russell Islands. 

JUNE 25, 1943

U. S. SUBMARINE R‑12 LOST

The U. S. Submarine R‑12, while engaged in training exercises, was lost recently off the East Coast of the United States.

A number of officers and men were unable to escape from the vessel before it sank. The depth of water makes it impossible to salvage the submarine, and hope has been abandoned for recovery of the bodies of the missing personnel. The next of kin have been informed.

Information obtained from survivors indicates that the loss was probably due to accident and not enemy action, and an investigation is now in progress to determine the available facts of the case.

Announcement of this incident was withheld until attempts to locate and raise the R‑12 were discontinued, in order that enemy submarines might not be given information that would enable them to attack the salvage vessels.

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 423, JUNE 26, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On June 24, during the afternoon, a number of Navy Wildcat (Grum­man F4F) fighters strafed a Japanese barge southeast of Vangunu Island, New Georgia Group. 

2. On June 25, during the afternoon four Japanese twin‑engine bombers unsuccessfully attacked a U. S. light surface unit in the Solomon Islands. 

North Pacific. 

3. On June 24, during the afternoon, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) and Ventura (Vega B‑34) medium bombers carried out three attacks against Japanese installations at Kiska. Due to poor visibility results of the attack could not be observed. 

4. U. S. Army patrols have killed 15 more Japanese soldiers on Attu Island. 

Memorandum to the Press: 

The following information has been released in the South Pacific: 

On 25 June 

(a) During the early morning an unknown number of enemy bombers bombed our positions on the Russell Islands. A few of the U. S. personnel suffered light wounds and some damage was caused to U. S. supply In­stallations.

(b) During the early morning a formation of Army Liberators bombed Kahili, Buin Area. A number of fires were started. At about the same time, other Army Liberators attacked Buka Island and started fires.

(c) Later in the morning, Navy Dauntless dive bombers and Avengers, escorted by Navy Wildcats, attacked Labeti Plantation, Munda Area, New Georgia. No U. S. losses were sustained. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 424, JUNE 27, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On June 26: 

(a) During the early morning a formation of Army Liberator (Con­solidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Japanese positions on Ballale Island, Shortland Island area. A number of fires were started.

(b) At about the same time another formation of Army Liberators attacked Japanese positions on Poporang (south Shortland Island). Re­sults of this attack were unobserved.

(c) Later on the same morning, Navy Dauntless (Douglass SBD) dive bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers escorted by Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters attacked Munda, New Georgia Island in the Central Solomons. At the same time another formation of Navy Dauntless dive bombers and Avenger torpedo bombers escorted by Wildcat fighters attacked Vila, Kolombangara Island. 

2. In the above operations, no U. S. planes were lost. 

50

North Pacific. 

3. On June 25, during the afternoon, Army Mitchell (North American B‑25) and Ventura (Vega B‑34) medium bombers escorted by Lightning (Lock­heed P‑38) fighters made six attacks against Kiska. Hits were scored in the main camp area and among the enemy antiaircraft positions. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 425, JUNE 28, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On June 27: 

(a) During the early morning Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers bombed Kahili, Buin Area, and Munda, New Georgia, while Navy Liberator (Consolidated PB4Y) bombers carried out attacks against Ballale Island, Shortland Area. Results of these attacks were unobserved.

(b) Prior to dawn, Navy Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers bombed Rekata Bay, Santa Isabel Island.

(c) During the morning, Navy Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers and Avenger torpedo bombers attacked Munda, New Georgia. Hits were scored on the runway and revetment area.

(d) At about the same time Navy Dauntless dive bombers and Avenger torpedo bombers attacked Vila, Kolombangara Island. Hits were scored on the runway and in the camp area. 

North Pacific. 

2. On June 26 Army Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) and Ventura (Vega B‑34) medium bombers escorted by Lightning (Lock­heed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters bombed and strafed Kiska seven times. Hits were scored among antiaircraft emplacements and on the runway and eight fires were started in the camp area. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 426, JUNE 28, 1943

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the following results of operations against the enemy in the waters of these areas: 

(a) 1 Minelayer sunk.
(b) 1 Destroyer sunk.
(c) 1 Large transport sunk.
(d) 3 Medium‑sized cargo vessels sunk.
(e) 1 Small cargo vessel sunk.
(f) 1 Small schooner sunk.
(g) 1 Large transport damaged.
(h) 2 Medium‑sized cargo vessels damaged. 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué.

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 427, JUNE 29, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On June 28: 

(a) Early in the evening a formation of Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers, escorted by Wildcat (Grumman F4F) fighters, attacked Japanese positions at Rekata Bay, Santa Isabel Island. The bombing created so much smoke and dust that observation of the results of the attack was difficult.

(b) During the evening, a formation of Dauntless dive bombers and Avenger torpedo bombers, escorted by Wildcat fighters, attacked Munda, New Georgia Island. A number of fires were started in the defensive posi­tion area, in ammunition dumps and in the camp section.

(c) During the night, U. S. planes bombed a small Japanese naval disposition in the Central Solomons Area. Results were not observed.

(d) All U. S. planes returned from these attacks. 

North Pacific. 

2. On June 27, during the day, Navy Ventura (Vega PV) medium bombers, Army Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers and Liberator (Con­solidated B‑24) heavy bombers carried out six attacks against Japanese in­stallations at Kiska. Hits were scored on the main camp and at the North Head area. All U. S. planes returned.

3. On June 28, Army Mitchell medium bombers and, Navy Ventura medium bombers attacked Japanese positions at Kiska and Little Kiska. Because of weather conditions, complete observation of the results of the attacks was not possible, but hits were reported on houses at Little Kiska. All U. S. planes returned. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 428, JUNE 30, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On June 30, during the early morning combined U. S. forces landed on Rendova Island, New Georgia Group. No details have been received. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 429, JULY 1, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On the night of June 29‑30, Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers and Dauntless (Douglas) dive bombers attacked the airfield, the stores and camp areas at Vila, Kolombangara Island. 

2. On June 30: 

(a) A formation of Mitchell (North American) medium bombers, Dauntless dive bombers and Avenger torpedo bombers attacked Japanese defensive positions and camp area at Munda, New Georgia Island. A large fire was started.

(b) Commencing in the early forenoon and continuing until late afternoon, an estimated total of 110 Japanese planes comprising Zero fighters, Mitsubishi medium bombers, Aichi dive bombers and various other types attacked at intervals U. S. Naval forces during the landing at Rendova Island, New Georgia Group. U. S. surface units and air forces destroyed 

52

65 of the enemy planes according to an incomplete report. Seventeen U. S. planes are reported missing.

(c) The transport McCawley was attacked and disabled by Japanese torpedo planes after landing troops on Rendova. Subsequently the vessel was attacked and sunk by a Japanese submarine. Reports indicate that all personnel were removed before the vessel sank and that there was no loss of life. 

3. On July 1, Viru Harbor on New Georgia Island, was taken by joint U. S. forces. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 430, JULY 2, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On July 1: 

(a) Early in the afternoon, Dauntless (Douglas) dive bombers attacked Japanese defensive positions at Lambeti Plantation, Munda, New Georgia Island. Fires were started.

(b) During the same afternoon, a formation of Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers and Dauntless dive bombers attacked Japanese defensive positions and camp sections at Vila, Kolombangara Island. 

2. Seven pilots of the 17 U. S. planes previously reported as missing in Navy Department Communiqué No. 429 have been rescued. 

Memorandum to the Press: 

(a) Lambeti Plantation is located several miles east of the airfield at Munda, New Georgia Island.

(b) Late reports on the Japanese air attack on U. S. forces during the landing at Rendova Island, New Georgia Group, on June 30, indicate that the number of Japanese planes were substantially larger than the total of 110 planes initially reported in Navy Department Communiqué No. 429. It is also reported that U. S. surface and air forces destroyed 101 Japanese planes in the action. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 431, JULY 3, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On July 2, in the afternoon Japanese bombers, escorted by Zero fighters, attacked U. S. positions on Rendova Island. Damage was negligible.

2. On July 3, during the night, a Japanese surface force consisting of three light cruisers and four destroyers attempted to shell U. S. positions on Rendova Island. U. S. surface craft replied to the bombardment and the enemy ships retired in short order. No further details have been received.

3. In Navy Department Communiqué No. 429 it was reported that no loss of life was sustained in the sinking of the transport McCawley. A later report now reveals that several of the crew were killed in the initial torpedo attack made by the Japanese planes. The next of kin have been notified. 

Memorandum to the Press: 

The following information has been announced in the South and Southwest Pacific 

(a) On July 1, in an enemy air attack at Rendova Island, New Georgia Group, twenty‑two Japanese planes were shot down. Of the eight 

53

U. S. planes lost in the engagement, five of the pilots have been rescued No damage occurred on the island.

(b) On July 2: Army Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bomber escorted by Navy Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters, bombed and strafed a Japanese vessel in Bairoko Anchorage, Kula Gulf, New Georgia Island. The vessel caught fire and sank. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 432, JULY 4, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On June 28, at dawn, Liberator (Consolidated) heavy bombers, at­tacked Japanese installations at Nauru Island. Fourteen defending Zero fighters were in the air but only four Zeros appeared willing to press home an attack. Two Zeros were damaged. Results of the attack were unobserved. All U. S. planes returned. 

2. On July 3: 

(a) Mitchell (North American) medium bombers, escorted by Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters, attacked Japanese antiaircraft positions at Munda, New Georgia Island.

(b) Later, in the afternoon, Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo bombers and Dauntless (Douglas) dive bombers attacked the Japanese camp sector at Munda, New Georgia Island. 

North Pacific. 

3. On July 2, Ventura (Vega) and Mitchell medium bombers and Liberator heavy bombers carried out eight attacks on Japanese installations at Kiska. Hits were observed on antiaircraft positions in Gertrude Cove, the camp area and North Head sections. One direct hit as made on a house. 

4. On July 3, Liberator heavy bombers attacked the central bivouac area it Kiska. Weather conditions prevented observation of the results. 

Memorandum to the Press: 

The following information has been announced in the South and Southwest Pacific: 

(a) On July 2, in the early evening, just east of Rendova Island, New Georgia Group, seven U. S. Corsair fighters intercepted and engaged one formation of thirty Zeros and immediately following attacked another formation of 20 Zeros. Six Zeros were destroyed. Three Corsairs were lost, but one pilot was rescued.

(b) On July 3, shortly before 3 P. M., Lightning fighters attacked a formation of about fifty Japanese Zeros over Rendova Island, New Georgia Group. Five Zeros were destroyed. Three U. S. planes were lost. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 433, JULY 5, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On July 4‑5, during the night, a number of U. S. surface units bombarded Japanese installations at Vila, Kolombangara Island, and Bairoko in Kula Gulf, New Georgia Island. A number of fires were started.

2. On July 5, in the morning, a formation of Army Hudson (Lockheed A‑29) light bombers attacked Rekata Bay, Santa Isabel Island. 

54

Memorandum to the Press: 

The following information has been announced in the South and South­west Pacific: 

 (a) On July 3, it is reported that Vura Village on Vangunu Island in the Wickham Anchorage area was captured by U. S. forces.

(b) On July 4, in the early afternoon, U. S. planes intercepted and attacked an enemy formation of 18 bombers and 20 Zero fighters over Rendova Island, New Georgia Group. Five enemy bombers and four Zeros were shot down. No U. S. losses were sustained. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 434, JULY 5, 1943

South Pacific. 

1. Brief reports from the South Pacific indicate that a naval battle is in progress in Kula Gulf, north of New Georgia Island. 

2. No details of the action have been received. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 435, JULY 6, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On the night of July 4‑5, the U. S. destroyer Strong was torpedoed and sunk while engaged in the bombardment of Japanese positions on New Georgia Island. The next of kin of the casualties aboard the Strong will be notified as soon as possible. 

2. On the evening of July 5, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Japanese installations on Ballale Island, Shortland Island Area. Five fires were started. About 12 Zero fighters attempted to intercept but were driven off. No U. S. losses were sustained. 

3. On July 6, in the early morning, a United States surface task force engaged Japanese surface units in Kula Gulf off New Georgia Island. (Pre­viously reported in Navy Department Communiqué No. 434). Sufficient details have not been received to give the results of this engagement, but it is believed that, while some damage was suffered by the U. S. force, considerable damage was inflicted on the enemy. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 436, JULY 7, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On July 4, a formation of Army Flying Fortresses (Boeing B‑17) heavy bombers bombed the Bairoko Harbor Area, west coast of New Georgia Island. 

2. On the early afternoon of July 5, sixteen Army Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters intercepted about forty enemy Zero fighters over Rendova Island. Two Zeros were destroyed. One Warhawk was lost but the pilot was rescued. 

3. During the early morning surface engagement of July 6, when six Japanese ships were probably sunk and several damaged, the light cruiser USS Helena was sunk. The next of kin of the casualties aboard the Helena will be notified as soon as possible. 

55

4. During the evening of July 6: 

(a) A formation of Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Kahili and started several fires.

(b) During the same evening, a formation of Army Liberators bombed Buka Island. A number of fires as a result of the bombing were observed. 

North Pacific. 

5. On the evening of July 6, a U. S. surface task force bombarded Kiska, Enemy shore batteries did not return the fire. 

Memorandum to the Press: 

The following information has been announced in the Southwest Pacific: 

(a) On the morning of July 6, a Navy Liberator (Consolidated PB4Y) heavy bomber was attacked by five Zero fighters northeast of Kolom­bangara Island, New Georgia. Group. Two Zeros were shot down and another was probably destroyed.

(b) On the afternoon of July 6, Army Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers bombed a beached Japanese destroyer in Bambari Harbor (Southeast coast of Kolombangara Island). Three hits were scored and a number of fires accompanied by violent explosions were observed.

(c) During the evening of July 6, Army Flying Fortress heavy bombers attacked Ballale Island, New Georgia Group, and started large fires. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 437, JULY 8, 1943

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. Submarines have reported the following results of operations against the enemy in the waters of these areas: 

(a) 1 large transport sunk.
(b) 1 medium‑sized transport sunk.
(c) 2 medium‑sized cargo vessels sunk.
(d) 1 large tanker sunk.
(e) 1 medium‑sized tanker sunk.
(f) 1 large cargo vessel sunk.
(g) 1 medium‑sized passenger‑cargo vessel sunk.
(h) 1 small cargo vessel sunk.
(i) 1 small schooner sunk.
(j) 4 medium‑sized cargo vessels damaged.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqués. 

JULY 9, 1943 

JOINT STATEMENT 

The following statement of antisubmarine operations for the month of June is issued jointly by the British and United States governments: 

1. In June the losses of Allied and neutral merchant ships from submarine attacks were the lowest since the U. S. A. entered the war. The losses from all forms of enemy action were the second lowest recorded since the war between Britain and Germany began. 

56

2. The number of targets offered to the antisubmarine vessels an aircraft of the United Nations was not as great in June as previously, but the sinkings of Axis submarines were substantial and satisfactory.

3. The heavy toll taken of the U‑boats in May showed its effect June in that the main trans‑Atlantic convoys were practically unmolested and the U‑boat attacks on our shipping were in widely separated area However, every opportunity was taken of attacking U‑boats leaving an returning to their bases on the west coast of France.

4. The merchant shipping tonnage of the United Nations has shown a large net increase every month this year. Antisubmarine vessels and aircraft are coming into service in considerable numbers. 

JULY 11, 1943 

GERMAN SUBMARINE SUNK IN AIR‑SURFACE ATTACK 

In a coordinated air and surface attack which took place in the South Atlantic some time ago, two U. S. Navy patrol bombers crippled a German submarine with bombs and machine guns, and two U. S. destroyers then completed the attack by sinking the enemy underwater raider by gunfire. Many German prisoners were captured.

The airplanes were two Mariner patrol bombers (Martin PBM-3C's) commanded by Lieutenant Howland S. Davis, USNR., of 215 Wendover Road Baltimore, Md., and Lieutenant (junior grade) Harold C. Carey, USN, 220 East Randall Avenue, Ocean View, Norfolk, Va.

The destroyers were the USS Jouett, commanded by Commander Jesse Sowell, USN, of Barr Street, Lancaster, S. C., and the USS Moffet, commanded by Commander Fondville L. Tedder, USN, of 503 North Washington Street, Shelby, N. C. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 438, JULY 10, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On July 9, during the early morning, a U. S. light surface unit boy barded the Gertrude Cove Area in Kiska for several hours. The Japanese shore batteries returned the fire but caused no damage. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 439, JULY 12, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On July 10, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers and Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers with Navy Catalina (Consolidated PBY) patrol bombers attacked four Japanese cargo vessels 280 miles southwest of Holtz Bay, Attu Island. One vessel was sunk, another was left in a sinking condition and the remaining two were damaged.

2. On July 11, a U. S. light surface unit bombarded Japanese positions at Gertrude Cove, Kiska, and Little Kiska Island during the morning. The enemy did not return the fire.

3. On July 11, an additional four Japanese soldiers were captured Attu Island. 

57

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 440, JULY 13, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On July 12, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers and Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers, escorted by Ventura (Vega B‑34) medium bombers, carried out three attacks on Japanese installations at North Head and the main camp areas at Kiska. Poor weather conditions precluded observation of the results of the bombing. 

JULY 14, 1943 

USS ALCHIBA, ONCE ANNOUNCED AS LOST, NOW SALVAGED AND BEING REPAIRED 

The USS Alchiba, announced in Navy Department Communiqué No. 218 as lost as result of enemy action in the South Pacific, has been salvaged and has returned to a United States port for final repairs.

The USS Alchiba, of 8,858 deadweight tons, participated in the initial landing operations in the Solomons Island area from August 7 to 9, 1942, and despite attacks by high altitude bombers and torpedo planes in enemy infested waters, successfully landed supplies and equipment for the U. S. Marine forces of occupation.

On its fourth trip into the Solomons area, on November 28, 1942, just after dropping anchor off Guadalcanal, the USS Alchiba was torpedoed. Through the superior seamanship of Captain (then Commander) James S. Freeman, U. S. Navy, of 1905 Florida Avenue, Jasper, Ala., the vessel's commanding officer, and Commander Howard R. Shaw, U. S. Navy, of Sandown, N. H., the executive officer, the vessel was beached despite numerous gasoline and ammunition explosions.

On December 7, 1942, after most of the cargo had been removed and the fires had been put under control, the USS Alchiba was hit by another torpedo. Her loss was announced by the Navy Department on December 11, 1942.

Within a month, however, the vessel was able to be moved from Guadal­canal to a more sheltered harbor, and subsequently it returned to the con­tinent under its own power.

Captain Freeman has been awarded the Navy Cross and Commander Shaw the Silver Star Medal for their leadership in the saving of this vessel. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 441, JULY 15, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On July 14, during the early morning, a U. S. light surface unit bom­barded Japanese positions in Gertrude Cove on Kiska. Enemy guns did not reply. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 442, JULY 16, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On July 15, during the early morning, a U. S. light surface unit bom­barded Japanese positions in Gertrude Cove on Kiska. The enemy did not return the fire. 

58

Memorandum to the Press: 

The following information has been announced in the Southwest Pacific: 

(a) The USS Gwin, a 1630‑ton destroyer, which was damaged in the second battle of the Kula Gulf early in the morning of July 13th, sank later while being towed to an Allied base.

(b) During the afternoon of July 15, 27 Mitsubishi bombers, escorted by about 40 or 50 Zeros and other fighters, were intercepted over Rendova by 44 U. S. fighter planes. 15 Japanese bombers and 30 Zeros were shot down. 3 U. S. pilots did not return to their base. 

JULY 16, 1943 

U. S. ESCORT CARRIER "B" ATTACKS 11 SUBMARINES: 2 SURE KILLS; 4 VERY PROBABLES; 4 PROBABLES 

A U. S. "baby flat‑top" escort carrier, designated Escort Carrier "B" for the purpose of this report, recently returned to port bringing with it a thrilling story of continuous and aggressive action against Nazi submarines.

Planes of "Carrier B," by the speed and teamwork of their attacks, work­ing in close harmony with U. S. destroyers and anti-subsurface craft, chalked up the remarkable record, according to preliminary estimates, of two "certain kills" (prisoners were taken), four "very probably kills," and four "probable kills" in attacks on a total of 11 submarines. All ships in the convoys pro­tected by Escort Carrier "B" reached their destinations undamaged. It is believed that this record of defense and attack over a similar period of time has not been equaled by any other vessel in the history of antisubmarine warfare. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 443, JULY 17, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On July 15, a force of Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers and Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) fighters carried out four attacks against Japanese installa­tions at Kiska. Several fires were observed in the vicinity of the enemy antiaircraft batteries. 

Memorandum to the Press: 

The following information has been announced in the Southwest Pacific 

On July 15: 

(a) During the morning a formation of Army Mitchell medium bombers, escorted by Navy Corsair (Vought F4U) fighters, bombed and sank a small Japanese cargo vessel off the west tip of Baga Island (West of Vella Lavella). Later on the same morning another small enemy cargo vessel was attacked by the same planes and left burning on a reef at the north tip of Baga Island. On their return flight the Mitchell bombers strafed enemy positions on Vori Point (Northwest point of Ganongga Island).

(b) During the afternoon, a strong formation of Navy Dauntless (Douglas SBD) dive bombers and Avenger (Grumman TBF) torpedo planes bombed Vila, Kolombangara Island. Fires were still burning one and one‑half hours after the attack. 

59

(c) During the same afternoon another formation of Navy Dauntless dive bombers bombed and strafed Bairoko, New Georgia Island.

(d) Later in the afternoon Army Mitchell medium bombers, escorted by Lightning and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters, strafed and probably sank two Japanese barges on the northeast coast of Ganongga Island. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 444, JULY 18, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. During the night of July 16, Navy Catalina (Consolidated PBY) patrol bombers bombed enemy positions on Nauru Island. Numerous fires were started. All U. S. planes returned from this mission undamaged.

2. During the night of July 16‑17, a number of enemy bombers dropped bombs on Guadalcanal Island, causing some casualties to personnel and light damage to installations. Bombs also were dropped on Savo Island with no damage. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 445, JULY 20, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On July 18, during the afternoon, a formation of Army Liberator (Con­solidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) and Ventura (Vega B‑34) medium bombers attacked the Japanese main camp area and Gertrude Cove on Kiska. Due to overcast, results were unobserved.

2. On July 19, during the morning, a formation of Army Liberator heavy bombers attacked Paramushiru, Kurile Islands. A number of fires were ob­served. In addition, Japanese ships in Paramushiru Straits were bombed, and a number of near hits observed. 

South  Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

3. On July 18, several Japanese planes harmlessly bombed Canton Island. No personnel casualties or material damage was sustained. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 446, JULY 21, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On July 20, during the early morning, three Japanese bombers dropped several bombs on Funafuti, Ellice Islands. No damage was reported and no personnel injuries were sustained. 

North Pacific

2. On July 20, two U. S. light surface units bombarded the Japanese main camp and the Gertrude Cove Area on Kiska. The enemy did not return the fire. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 447, JULY 22, 1943 

The U. S. Submarine Triton has failed to return from patrol operations and must be presumed to be lost. The next of kin of personnel in the Triton have been so informed.


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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 448, JULY 23, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On July 22, during the early morning, Japanese bombers attacked Funafuti, Ellice Islands. Two of the bombers were shot down. Material dam­age has not been reported, but some personnel casualties were sustained. 

North Pacific.

2. On July 21, during the afternoon, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers bombed the Japanese runway and the main camp area on Kiska. Numerous hits were scored and several fires were started.

3. On July 22, during the afternoon, United States heavy and light surface units bombarded Japanese positions on Kiska. Although the enemy returned the fire, United States ships were not damaged. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 449, JULY 24, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On July 22, prior to and after the surface bombardment of Kiska (Previously reported in Navy Department Communiqué No. 449) Army Libera­tor (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers, Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers, with Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters, heavily bombed and strafed enemy coastal batteries, antiaircraft positions and building areas. Numerous fires were started and a large ex­plosion observed. A number of the Warhawks participating in the attacks were piloted by pilots of the Royal Canadian Air Force. One U. S. plane was shot down by antiaircraft fire, but the crew was rescued. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 450, JULY 26, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On July 24, formations of Army Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters car­ried out ten bombing and strafing attacks against Japanese positions on Kiska. Numerous hits were scored on the runway and among gun emplacements. One U. S. plane failed to return. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 451, JULY 27, 1943

Central Pacific. 

1. On July 24, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers at­tacked Wake Island. Thirty Zero fighters intercepted, of which nine were destroyed, four were probably destroyed, and five others were damaged.

2. The U. S. planes on closer approach to the island were met by additional fighters and heavy antiaircraft fire. In spite of this opposition, the U. 8. bombers scored many hits and caused a large explosion on the runway. One U. S. plane is missing. 

North Pacific. 

3. On July 25, Army Warhawks (Curtiss P‑40) fighters carried out ten bombing attacks on Japanese installations at Kiska. At North Head hits were scored on the runway and antiaircraft positions. The main camp, North Head 

61

and Little Kiska were also strafed. Fires were started at Little Kiska and a large explosion was observed on North Head.

4. On July 26, shortly after midnight, a U. S. Catalina (Consolidated PBY) patrol bomber attacked Gertrude Cove and the main camp section of Kiska. Fires were started in Gertrude Cove. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 452, JULY 28, 1943

Central Pacific. 

1. On July 27, Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers again attacked Japanese positions on Wake Island. Approximately 25 Zero fighters intercepted the Liberators. Seven Zeros were destroyed, five were probably destroyed and three others were damaged. In spite of heavy antiaircraft fire, bombs were placed on designated targets. All U. S. planes returned safely There were no casualties to U. S. personnel. 

North Pacific. 

2. On July 26, fights of Army Liberators, Lightning (Lockheed P‑38) and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) fighters, carried out thirteen bombing attacks against Japanese installations on Kiska. As a result of these bombings, fires were started and explosions were observed on North and South Heads, the runway, the bivouac and submarine base sections, Gertrude Cove and Little Kiska. Individual targets in these areas were also subjected to strafing. One U. S. Warhawk fighter was forced into the sea but its pilot was rescued by a Navy Catalina (Consolidated PBY) patrol bomber.

3. On July 27, various formations of Army Liberators, Warhawks and Lightnings carried out six bombing attacks on Kiska. Hits were made in the bivouac area. Spotty weather conditions precluded full observation of the results of the attack. 

JULY 28, 1943 

MORE THAN 1,500 UNITED STATES NAVAL VESSELS CARRIED INVASION FORCE TO SICILY 

More than 1,500 vessels of the United States Navy, ranging in size from cruisers to small landing craft and manned by well over 40,000 officers and men, effected the landing of United States invasion forces on Sicily.

In addition to larger combat units, the fleet included a number of anti­submarine patrol craft and a swarm of motor torpedo boats.

Under the immediate command of Vice Admiral H. K. Hewitt, U. S. Navy, Commander of U. S. Naval Forces in North African Waters, the vast invasion fleet successfully carried out, in conjunction with British Amphibious Forces, the largest amphibious operation in the history of warfare, landing and supply­ing U. S. Army troops on a hostile shore with minor loss of life and equipment. The U. S. forces were under the general operational control of Admiral Sir Andrew Browne Cunningham, Bart., G.C.B., D.S.O., who commands all Naval forces under General Eisenhower.

Naval units engaged in the landing operation were part of the United States Atlantic Fleet which, under the command of Admiral Royal E. Ingersoll, U. S. Navy, has since the opening of the North African campaign eight months 

62

ago, transported several hundred thousand American troops and vast quantities of supplies across the Atlantic.

The actual landing on the Sicilian shore was only the culmination of long months of extensive preparation, of intensive training in the complex maneu­vers of amphibious warfare, of working out logistical problems, and of meticu­lous planning on a vast scale to insure that every vessel would be at the proper spot at the proper moment. The training of personnel was continued in North Africa until the last moment before shoving off.

Naval landing forces Included men specially trained in the unloading of supplies under conditions made hazardous by surf and enemy action. In beach landing operations, Naval forces are responsible not only for the transporta­tion of men and supplies across open water, but also for the safe disembarking of the troops and the unloading of supplies to points on shore.

Directing the operations under Vice Admiral Hewitt were Rear Admiral Alan G. Kirk, U. S. Navy, Rear Admiral John L. Hall, U. S. Navy, and Rear Admiral Richard L. Conolly, U. S. Navy.

The story of the invasion is, from the Naval standpoint, the story of the success of the many types of specialized landing craft, large and small, which have been developed to break down the coastal walls of the Axis' European fortress.

Operating in numbers which dotted the surface of the Mediterranean black, the vessels of every size and shape, each with a specialized job to do and making up the largest amphibious operation in history, constituted by far the greatest number of craft in the invasion fleet,

One of the initial waves of invading U. S. troops was transported across the Mediterranean entirely by landing vessels. One group of hundreds pro­ceeded to the first rendezvous accompanied only by small escorts. Against a 25‑knot wind the fleet of odd‑looking craft plunged and reared steadily and doggedly ahead. PC's and SC's escorting the group sometimes showed half their bottoms as they leaped, spray flying, over the seas. Experienced officers marveled at the seamanship of the crews‑many of whom had never seen the ocean a year before‑who drove their rearing, blunt‑nosed craft ahead at a steady pace.

As mechanical difficulties developed, special repair crews went into action until, once underway again, an additional knot or two was forced from pro­testing engines until the lost time was made up. The fleet arrived at the rendezvous on time and intact.

Part of the U. S. forces engaged in the landing had been transported across the Atlantic specifically for the job. Huge convoys took over the men and supplies, and so securely were they ringed by Naval escort vessels, includ­ing cruisers, that neither convoy was once attacked.

The actual landing of American forces on Sicily began in the early morn­ing. Since surprise was to be one of the elements of the attack, split‑second timing was demanded. Off every possible landing beach the enemy had sown mines. But due to the skillful work of Naval minesweepers, not a single con­tact with an enemy mine was reported during the entire landing operation.

Apart from the actual landing of troops and supplies, Naval combat units had three major duties: protection of landing forces from enemy surface and undersea forces; maintenance of antiaircraft barrages; and gunfire support of advancing troops on shore. Every landing group had offshore a supporting force of destroyers or cruisers or both.

Naval gunfire continued during the next few days to play an important

63

role in the movement of troops inland, blasting enemy positions even in the hills.

With the lessons of the invasion of North Africa eight months before well learned, operational losses of landing craft were extremely low. Special salvage and repair units had been set up afloat and ashore in the opening stages of the invasion, and damaged craft were speedily repaired and returned to service.

Within 48 hours, the entire fleet of landing vessels had made another round trip to Africa and returned loaded to the gunwales with men and supplies.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 453, JULY 29, 1943

Pacific and Far East.

1. U. S. submarines have reported the following results of operations against the enemy in the waters of these areas: 

(a) 2 large transports sunk.
(b) 2 large cargo vessels sunk.
(c) 3 medium‑sized cargo vessels sunk.
(d) 2 medium‑sized tankers sunk.
(e) 1 small cargo vessel sunk.
(f) 1 large cargo vessel damaged.
(g) 3 medium‑sized cargo vessels damaged.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqués. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 454, JULY 30, 1943

Atlantic

1. The U. S. non‑rigid airship K‑74 was lost at sea recently as the result of a gunfire attack by a surfaced enemy submarine.

2. The K‑74 was fired on while attacking the submarine, and, as the result of a hit, was forced to make a landing on the sea.

3. All except one member of the crew of the K‑74 were rescued. Next of kin of the one casualty has been notified that he is missing in action. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 455, JULY 31, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On July 29, a U. S. Army Flying Fortress (Boeing B‑17) heavy bomber attacked Japanese positions on Kiska. Due to overcast weather, results were unobserved.

2. On July 30, during the morning, U. S. light surface units bombarded Gertrude Cove and the main camp areas on Kiska. Enemy batteries did not reply. 

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AUGUST 10, 1943 

JAPANESE SUBMARINE, SCANNING U. S. CONVOY, SUNK BY PATROL CHASER 

Viciously attacking a Japanese submarine by ramming, depth charges and gun fire, a U. S. Navy submarine chaser sank the underseas raider with all hands in the Pacific 15 minutes after lookouts detected her periscopes scan­ning the convoy which the 'chaser was protecting.

The attack, carried out by the USS PC‑487 under the command of Lieu­tenant W. Gordon Cornell, USNR., Port Richmond, Staten Island, N. Y., occurred recently as the 'chaser and other escort vessels guarded a convoy headed for a United States base. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 456, AUGUST 12, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On August 12, at about 8:11 A. M. east longitude time, a formation of nine Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers attacked Japanese installations in the Kurile Islands. Numerous hits were scored in the desig­nated target areas. About forty enemy fighters intercepted of which five were shot dawn and others probably destroyed or damaged. Two of the U. S. bombers are missing. 

JOINT STATEMENT, AUGUST 14, 1943 

The President of the United States and the Prime Minister of Great Britain, after consultation with the British Admiralty, the United States Navy Department and the Canadian Department of National Defence for Naval Services, have issued the following monthly statement on the progress of the anti‑U‑Boat war: 

During the month of July very poor results were obtained by the U‑Boats from their widespread effort against the shipping of the Allies. The steady flow of trans‑Atlantic supplies on the greatest scale has con­tinued unmolested, and such sinking as have taken place in distant areas have had but an insignificant effect on the conduct of the war by the Allies. In fact, July is probably our most successful month, because the imports have been high, shipping losses moderate and U‑boat sinkings heavy.

Before the descent upon Sicily an armada of warships, troop trans­ports, supply ships and landing craft proceeded through Atlantic and Mediterranean waters with scarcely any interference from U‑boats. Large reinforcements have also been landed in that Island. Over 2,500 vessels were involved in these operations and the losses are only about 80,000 tons. On the other hand the U‑boats which attempted to interfere with these operations suffered severe losses.

Our offensive operations against Axis submarines continue to progress most favourably in all areas, and during May, June and July we have sunk at sea a total of over 90 U‑boats, which represents an average loss of nearly one U‑boat a day over the period.

The decline in the effectiveness of the U‑boats is illustrated by the following figures: 

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In the first six months of 1943, the number of ships sunk per U‑boat operating was only half that in the last six months of 1942 and only a quarter that in the first half of 1942.

The tonnage of shipping in the service of the United Nations continues to show a considerable net increase. During 1943 new ships completed by the Allies exceed all sinkings from all causes by upwards of three million tons.

In spite of this very favourable progress in the battle against the U‑boat, it must be remembered that the enemy still has large U‑boat re­serves, completed and under construction. It is necessary, therefore, to prepare for intensification of the battle both at sea and in the shipyards and to use our shipping with utmost economy to strengthen and speed the general offensive of the United Nations. But we can expect continued success only if we do not relax our efforts in any way. 

ROOSEVELT
CHURCHILL.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 457, AUGUST 14, 1943

Pacific and Far East.  

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of seven enemy vessels and the damaging of five others in operations against the enemy in the waters of x these areas, as follows: 

Sunk:

1 large transport
1 medium‑sized passenger freighter
2 small freighters
1 small schooner
1 medium‑sized supply ship
1 medium‑sized cargo vessel

Damaged:

1 medium‑sized freighter
1 medium‑sized tanker
1 medium‑sized cargo vessel
1 small freighter
1 small cargo vessel 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 458, AUGUST 15, 1943 

1. The U. S. Submarine Pickerel has failed to return from patrol opera­tions and must be presumed to be lost. The next of kin of personnel in the Pickerel have been so informed. 

Mediterranean

2. The following U. S. Naval vessels have been lost in action against the enemy in operations in this area: 

(a) USS PG 496 (Submarine Chaser) sunk 4 June, 1943, as result of underwater explosion. 

66

(b) USS Redwing (Submarine Rescue. Vessel) sunk 29 June, 1943, as result of underwater explosion.

(c) USS Sentinel (Mine Sweeper) sunk 11 July, 1943, in landing operation off Sicily.

(d) USS Maddox (Destroyer) sunk 10 July, 1943, by aircraft off Sicily. 

Atlantic

3. The USS Plymouth (Gunboat) was sunk a short distance off the North Carolina coast on 5 August, 1943, as result of underwater explosion.

4. The next of kin of all casualties aboard the above named vessels have been notified. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 459, AUGUST 21, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. A Task Force of the Pacific Fleet has landed a force of United States and Canadian troops on Kiska, beginning on August 15th.

2. No Japanese have been found. There were indications of recent hasty evacuation of the Japanese garrison. Presumably, the heavy bombardments by our ships and planes that have been carried on for some time and the danger to their supply lines by our capture of Attu made the enemy positions on Kiska untenable. It is not known how the Japanese got away, but it is possible that enemy surface ships were able to reach Kiska under cover of the heavy fogs that have been prevalent.

3. Since the air and surface bombardments in the latter part of July had apparently destroyed Japanese radio equipment on Kiska, the assumption was that they were not in communication with the homeland. Consequently, no release of Allied operations against Kiska has been made since July 31, as it would have conveyed information to the enemy which he otherwise would not have had. This particularly applied to the period during which the trans­ports were in areas exposed to enemy submarine attacks and while they were unloading. 

AUGUST 21, 1943 

CHRONOLOGY OF ALEUTIAN ISLANDS CAMPAIGN 

1942 

On June 3: 

Dutch Harbor is attacked by four Japanese bombers and about 15 fighters at 6 A.M., Dutch Harbor time. The attack lasts 15 minutes. (Communiqué No. 83. )

There are few casualties as a result of the Japanese raid. Several ware­houses are set on fire, but no serious damage is suffered. (Communiqué No. 84).

At noon, Dutch Harbor time, a second wave of enemy planes files over Dutch Harbor on a reconnaissance mission. No bombs are dropped. (Communiqués Nos. 85‑86). 

On June 4: 

At about 5 P.M., 18 carrier‑based bombers and 16 fighters attack U. S. installations at Dutch Harbor, Fort Mears and Fort Glenn. No damage is 

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inflicted at Fort Glenn, minor damage is inflicted at Fort Mears, and at Dutch Harbor a warehouse and a few fuel oil tanks are set afire, and the station ship Northwestern, is sunk. (Communiqué No. 98). 

On June 12: 

Small scale landings by the Japanese on Attu Island are reported. Enemy ships are sighted in Kiska harbor (Navy Department Press Release, June 12, 1942) . Later reports reveal Japanese also occupy Agattu Island (Communiqué No. 98). 

June 15‑July 3: 

U. S. Army bombers and Navy patrol planes carry out reconnaissance and attack missions against enemy installations on Kiska and enemy shipping in adjacent waters. One transport is reported sunk and 4 cruisers, 1 destroyer, 1 gunboat and 1 transport are damaged. (Communiqués Nos. 89‑90‑94). 

July 4: 

U. S. submarines sink two destroyers and damage another off Kiska, and sink a third destroyer off Agattu. (Communiqué No. 95). 

July 5: 

A U. S. submarine torpedoes and heavily damages an enemy destroyer in the vicinity of Kiska. (Communiqué No. 96). 

July 6‑August 4: 

U. S. Army and Navy aircraft continue long range bombing of Japanese installations on Kiska.

U. S. submarines sink three more destroyers in the vicinity of Kiska. (Communiqués Nos. 99-103). 

August 8: 

A U. S. cruiser and destroyer task force heavily bombards Kiska and enemy ships in the harbor. Severe damage is inflicted on the camp area. (Communiqué No. 103). 

August 19: 

Sinking of a cruiser, or destroyer by a U. S. submarine is reported. (Communiqué No. 108). 

August 22: 

Sinking of a large enemy merchant ship by a U. S. submarine is reported. (Communiqué No. 110) . 

August 30: 

Adak Island occupied. (See October 3.) 

September 14: 

U. S. Army bombers and fighters bomb and strafe enemy ships, aircraft and shore installations at Kiska. Two minesweepers are sunk, three cargo ships are damaged, three submarines are damaged, six planes are destroyed, and 500 enemy troops are killed or wounded. (Communiqué No. 127). 

September 24‑25‑27‑28 

U. S. Army bombers and fighters attack enemy shore positions on Kiska and ships off Kiska and Attu. Attacks of September 25‑28 are carried out by strong forces. (Communiqués Nos. 133‑137). 

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October 3: 

Announcement is made that U. S. forces have occupied positions in the Andreanof group of the Aleutian Islands, without opposition. (Communiqué No. 138). Adak is the island occupied (Communiqué No. 370), and the estab­lishment of adequate airfields enables U. S. heavy bombers and fighters to operate from there in almost daily missions against the Japanese positions in the Western Aleutians. Throughout October, U. S. planes bomb and strafe the enemy ashore, and attack his shipping supply lines. (Communiqués Nos. 140‑143‑145‑150‑155‑157‑160‑161‑162‑170) Date of Adak occupation was August 30. 

November 9: 

First Japanese activity on Attu Island in more than a month is noted as U. S. Army planes discover and destroy seven float‑type "Zeros" in Holtz Bay, Attu. (Communiqué No. 188) Earlier reconnaissance had detected no signs of continued enemy activity on Attu and Agattu (Communiqués Nos. 143‑145). 

November‑December 

Routine missions are carried out by U. S. planes against shore positions on Kiska and Attu and enemy shipping off both islands. (Communiqués Nos. 205‑218‑225‑227‑232‑235). 

1943 

January 12: 

U. S. forces occupy Amchitka Island, only 63 nautical miles from Kiska, without opposition from the enemy. (Occupation of Amchitka announced in Communiqué No. 370, on May 7, 1943.) Following the occupation, an airfield is established on Amchitka with enemy opposition consisting of a few in­effectual raids by small numbers of planes (Communiqués Nos. 268‑273‑281­287). Date of Amchitka occupation was January 12. 

February: 

With completion of a close‑up base on Amchitka, U. S. planes execute nine attacks on Kiska during the month, dropping more than 1,000 bombs, No U. S. planes are lost in these operations. (Communiqué No. 298) . 

March: 

Intensification of the campaign against the Japanese in the Western Aleutians Increases. On March 15, U. S. Army heavy and medium bombers, escorted by fighters, carry out six missions against Kiska in the largest-scale attack thus far. (Communiqué No. 314). Raids on the enemy average better than one a day during the month.

On March 26, U. S. light forces patrolling to the westward of Attu Island engage a Japanese force composed of two heavy cruisers, two light cruisers, four destroyers and two cargo ships. Shell hits are scored on both of the Japanese heavy cruisers and one of the light cruisers. At least one torpedo hit is scored on an enemy heavy cruiser. U. S. vessels receive minor hits. (Communiqués Nos. 327‑365). 

April: 

The month sees Kiska subjected to air attacks on a mass basis with occasional raids on Attu. The peak day is April 19, when 15 attacks are carried out against Kiska (Communiqué No. 351). Kiska twice is bombed 13 times in a day, on April 15 and April 25. (Communiqués Nos. 346 and 357). The month's average is slightly under five missions a day.

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May: 

Air attacks on Kiska and Attu continue during the early days of the month, and then, on May 11, U. S. forces land on Attu. (Communiqué No. 376). Supported by bombardment of enemy positions by U. S. Naval surface forces, U. S. Army troops advance inland on Attu from the main landing points on the northeast and southeast ends of the island. In three weeks of fighting made difficult by Attu's rugged terrain and unfavorable weather, U. S. troops complete conquest of Attu. By June 1, all organized enemy resistance has ceased. (Communiqué No. 401). 

June: 

U. S. forces, now in possession of key positions in the Western Aleutians, concentrate attention on Kiska, and carry out bombing and strafing missions whenever the weather will permit. (Communiqués Nos. 400‑402‑403‑407‑409-­414‑420‑423‑424‑425‑427) . 

July: 

U. S. Naval surface forces Join in the assault on Kiska, bombarding enemy shore positions on July 6‑9‑11‑14‑15‑20‑22‑30. (Communiqués Nos. 436‑438­-439‑441‑442-446‑448‑455) .

Meanwhile, U. S. Army bombers and fighters continue heavy attacks on all enemy positions on the island. 

August 1‑14: 

Kiska undergoes concentrated assaults by U. S. forces both from the air and sea. (Communiqué No. 460).

On August 15, U. S. and Canadian forces landed on Kiska. (Communiqué No. 459) . 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 460, AUGUST 21, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. In the period from August 1 to August 14, inclusive, U. S. Army and Navy aircraft and heavy and light U. S. Naval surface units carried out the following previously unannounced attacks on Kiska Island and Little Kiska 

On August 1: 

Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated B‑24) dropped bombs through solid overcast on the Kiska main camp area. 

On August 2: 

(a) In the afternoon Liberators attacked North Head on Kiska, and scored hits in the area.

(b) Immediately following the above air attack, heavy and light U. S. Naval surface units heavily bombarded the main camp, submarine base, North Head, South Head and Gertrude Cove on Kiska Island, as well as enemy posi­tions on Little Kiska. More than 2,300 rounds of large and medium caliber shells were fired at the targets, with no return fire from the enemy.

(c) Early the same evening Mitchell medium bombers (North American B‑25) and Lightning fighters (Lockheed P‑38) bombed and strafed Little Kiska. 

On August 3: 

(a) In the early morning, light Naval surface units shelled Gertrude Cove and the main camp area on Kiska. Return fire by the enemy was light and brief. 

70

(b) Four bombing and strafing attacks were carried out by Mitchell medium bombers and Warhawk (Curtiss P‑40) and Lightning fighters on North Head, South Head, the runway, seaplane hangar area and the main camp on Kiska. Little Kiska was strafed. Hits were observed in all target areas. 

On August 4: 

(a) Shortly after midnight, a Navy Catalina patrol bomber (Consolidated PBY) dropped explosive and incendiary bombs on the Kiska main camp and submarine base. Large fires resulted from the attack.

(b) During a 12‑hour period from morning to evening, 18 attack missions were carried out against North Head, South Head, the runway, main camp and submarine base on Kiska and Little Kiska. Large forces of Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell medium bombers, Army Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas A‑24), and Lightning and Warhawk fighters participated in these attacks. In addition to the bombings, cannon‑firing‑ Mitchells successfully at­tacked shore installations, while the fighter planes strafed at low altitudes. Many explosions resulted and numerous fires were started. The enemy's opposition consisted of sporadic antiaircraft fire. 

On August 5: 

In the early morning light Naval surface units shelled Gertrude Cove and the main camp on Kiska. No return fire was encountered. 

On August 6: 

Light Naval surface units again bombarded Kiska, scoring hits in the target area. There was no return fire. 

On August 8: 

The Kiska main camp and the Gertrude Cove area were the targets in a further bombardment by light Naval surface units, with no return fire. 

On August 9: 

Light Naval surface units shelled Gertrude Cove, the main camp and enemy positions on a hill North of Reynard Cove. 

On August 10: 

(a) Before dawn, Gertrude Cove and the main camp again were bom­barded by light Naval surface units.

(b) Large forces of Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell medium bombers, Army Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas A‑24), and Lightning and Warhawk fighters carried out 24 bombing and strafing missions on Kiska. Only light antiaircraft fire was encountered. Many fires were started.

(c) During the night, a Catalina patrol bomber dropped bombs on Kiska. 

On August 11: 

(a) In the early morning, light Naval surface units shelled South Head and Gertrude Cove, starting fires.

(b) Gertrude Cove, Reynard Cove, North Head and Little Kiska were the targets of 21 bombing and strafing missions carried out during the day by Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell medium bombers, Army Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas A‑24) and Lightning and Warhawk fighters. Fires were started in all areas and considerable debris was observed in enemy emplace­ments on Little Kiska.

(c) A Catalina patrol bomber dropped bombs on the main camp and Gertrude Cove during the night. 

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On August 12: 

(a) Shortly after midnight, a light Naval surface unit shelled Kiska.

(b) In the morning, heavy and light Naval surface units bombarded the south coast of Kiska. Gertrude Cove and Bukhti Point were the main targets. There was no return fire.

(c) The Kiska area was heavily bombed and thoroughly strafed during the day in 20 attacks by forces of Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell medium bombers, Army Dauntless dive bombers, and Warhawk and Lightning fighters. Many fires were started. 

On August 13: 

(a) Light U. S. Naval surface units bombarded Kiska early in the morn­ing, drawing no return fire.

(b) During the afternoon nine bombing and strafing missions were car­ried out against Kiska by U. S. Army Liberator, Mitchell and Dauntless bombers and Lightning fighters. Buildings at Gertrude Cove and North Head were destroyed by direct hits, and fires resulted at Gertrude Cove, North Head, the main camp and north of Reynard Cove. Light antiaircraft fire was encountered. 

On August 14: 

(a) In the early morning hours a Navy Catalina three times bombed in­stallations on Kiska, with unreported results.

(b) At hourly intervals, light U. S. Naval surface units bombarded Kiska four times. No return fire was encountered.

(c) In the late afternoon U. S. Army Liberators, Mitchells and Lightnings bombed and strafed enemy positions on Kiska. Results were not reported. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 461, AUGUST 23, 1943

North. Pacific. 

1. U. S. and Canadian Troops are continuing the occupation of positions on Kiska and in the adjacent area. A landing has been made on Segula Island, about 20 miles east of Kiska, with no Japanese being found.

2. Three Japanese midget submarines, apparently damaged by demolition bombs, were found on the marine railway at the submarine base on Kiska. 

SEPTEMBER 1, 1943 

COMMENDED FOR RESCUE OF ENTIRE SHIP'S COMPANY OF STRICKEN MINESWEEPER 

Commander Alfred J. Homann, USN, 620 Menchino Avenue, Santa Rosa, Calif., has been commended for outstanding seamanship which made possible the rescue of all aboard the minesweeper, USS Wasmuth, when that vessel was so badly battered by storm and exploding depth charges that it was abandoned in the Aleutian area on December 27, 1942.

Loss of the Wasmuth, converted from a 1,190‑ton destroyer and com­manded by Lieutenant Commander Joseph Leverton, Jr., 1712 16th Street, N. W., Washington, D. C., has not been previously announced.

The Wasmuth was escorting a convoy in a raging gale 30 miles of the Aleutians when two depth charges were wrenched from their racks by the waves. The depth charges exploded under the Wasmuth's fantail and carried away a portion of the ship's after section. 

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With the damaged Wasmuth slowly, but surely sinking, Commander Homann skillfully brought the Ramapo, a tanker, alongside after a three and a half hour battle with the raging sea and took off everyone aboard the minesweeper. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 155, SEPTEMBER 5, 1943 

Admiral Ernest J. King, Commander in Chief, United States Fleet and Chief of Naval Operations, and Admiral William F. Halsey, Commander, South Pacific Force and South Pacific Area, have returned to their headquarters after conferences at Pearl Harbor, T. H., with Admiral C. W. Nimitz, Com­mander in Chief, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas.

Principal members of the staffs of Admiral King, Nimitz and Halsey also participated in the conversations, which concerned plans for the Pacific campaign. 

SEPTEMBER 7, 1943 

U‑BOAT SUNK BY U. S. PATROL CHASER 

Shattered by the depth charges of USS Patrol Chaser‑565, a German submarine was sunk in the Atlantic, not long ago, as it stood in to attack a convoy which the tiny patrol boat was protecting.

The underseas raider was destroyed so swiftly that she had no oppor­tunity to fight back, plunging under in less than 10 minutes with water pour­ing through the open hatch of her conning tower.

Trapped below deck as the submarine sank was all of the ship's com­pany except her commanding officer, who swam clear and was taken prisoner. 

SEPTEMBER 8, 1943 

NAVY CARRIER‑BASED AIRCRAFT AND ESCORT SURFACE SHIP EACH DESTROYS U‑BOAT IN SINGLE DAY'S ACTIONS 

Coordinated participation of both air and surface Naval units in pro­tecting vital convoys to the Mediterranean theatre was exemplified a few weeks ago when two U‑boats were blasted to the bottom of the Atlantic and another severely damaged in one day's action.

Screening against suspected enemy submarines, miles ahead of a large convoy carrying tanks, ammunition, food and other supplies, was famed Escort Carrier "B", the "baby flat‑top" which had scored two certain kills, four very probables and four probables out of 11 attacks on a previous mis­sion, as announced by the Navy Department on July 16, 1943, and Carrier "B's" own small group of escort vessels. One of these escort ships was the USS George B. Badger, an old four‑stacker destroyer, since modernized, which was completed at the Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company 25 years ago. Carrier "B" and the Badger each scored a kill this day; Carrier "B" was credited with "severely damaging" another. 

73

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 11, SEPTEMBER 8, 1943 

A task force commanded by Rear Admiral Charles A. Pownall, U. S. Navy, attacked Marcus Island at dawn on 1 September, 1943, East Longitude Time. The first wave of the attack apparently caught the enemy completely by surprise. It is estimated that the attack, made in several waves through­out the day, destroyed 80 per cent of military installations on the island. Our losses totaled two fighters and one torpedo plane.

Some antiaircraft fire was encountered by the initial wave, but was eliminated by succeeding attacks. Fires started throughout the island were still burning the day following the attack.

No enemy planes left the ground. Seven twin‑motored bombers which were parked on the runway were destroyed by our fighters. Installations destroyed included hangars, fuel and ammunition storage, shops, and living quarters. The two landing strips were severely damaged by heavy bombs. A small tanker caught near the island was sunk by our bombers. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 462, SEPTEMBER 9, 1943

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of six enemy vessels and the damaging of four others in operations against the enemy in waters of these areas, as follows 

Sunk:

2 large freighters.
1 large cargo.
1 medium tanker.
1 small freighter.
1 medium cargo.  

Damaged:

1 large cargo.
2 small cargo.
1 medium freighter. 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy De­partment Communiqué. 

JOINT STATEMENT, SEPTEMBER 10, 1943 

The following statement is issued by the Office of War Information and the British Ministry of Information after consultation with the British Ad­miralty, United States Navy Department, and Canadian Department of Na­tional Defense for Naval Services 

1. August has been another successful month in U‑boat warfare. Owing perhaps to rearmament and other causes, there appear to have been fewer U‑boats at sea than in recent months, and shipping losses have continued to decrease.

2. It is significant that the enemy made virtually no attempt to attack North Atlantic shipping, and opportunities for attacking the U-boats have been relatively few. Nevertheless, U‑boats have been hunted relentlessly on all stations wherever they have appeared and a heavy toll has been taken of the enemy. In fact more U‑boats have been sunk than merchant ships. 

74

3. Surface and Air forces have both contributed to this satisfactory month's work by the efficiency of their escorts, patrols and offensive operations. Shore‑based aircraft have often had to face powerful enemy. Air opposition, and carrier‑borne aircraft have played a most important part.

4. We are ready to attack the enemy with utmost vigor should be provide the opportunity by resuming a general attack on our shipping with the very large number of U‑boats at his disposal. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 463, SEPTEMBER 13, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On September 13, (Paramushiru time) a formation of Army Liberator (Consolidated B‑24) heavy bombers and Mitchell (North American B‑25) medium bombers successfully attacked enemy shipping and ground installa­tions in the Paramushiru Island area.

2. In spite of spirited enemy opposition, in the form of heavy antiaircraft fire and fighter interception, the U. S. bombers scored numerous hits on ground installations, set on fire a transport, which was left in a sinking condition, damaged another transport, scored hits on three cargo vessels, one of which exploded, and strafed numerous small craft, setting many on fire.

3. Upwards of twenty‑five enemy fighters attacked the U. S. planes, and in a running engagement, which lasted for fifty minutes, the U. S. bombers shot down ten enemy fighters and probably three more. Four U. S. planes are known to have been lost due to enemy action, and six others failed to return. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 464, SEPTEMBER 14, 1943 

1. The U. S. Submarine Grenadier has failed to return from patrol opera­tions and must be presumed to be lost. The next of kin of personnel in the Grenadier have been so informed. 

Mediterranean Area. 

2. On August 23, the USS Submarine Chaser 694 and the USS Submarine Chaser 696 were sunk as a result of enemy bombing. The next of kin of all casualties have been notified. 

Pacific Area (All dates are East Longitude). 

3. On September 13, during the night, fifteen Japanese planes attacked Funafuti, Ellice Island. One enemy plane was shot down by antiaircraft fire. Material damage sustained was slight. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 465, SEPTEMBER 16, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On September 13‑14, during the night Japanese planes bombed the Lunga Point Area on Guadalcanal Island. Some minor damage was sustained.

2. On the same night a Japanese bomber attacked U. S. positions on Russell Island, but caused no damage.

3. No personnel casualties resulted from either of the above raids. 

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 466, SEPTEMBER 17, 1943 

1. The destroyer USS Rowan was sunk as the result of an under water explosion in Italian waters on September 11, 1943.

2. The tug USS Navajo was sunk as the result of an under water ex­plosion in the South Pacific area on September 12, 1943.

3. The tug USS Nauset was sunk as a result of enemy action in the Mediterranean on September 9, 1943.

4. Next of kin of all casualties aboard the Nauset have been notified. The next of kin of casualties aboard the Rowan and the Navajo will be notified as soon as possible. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 12, SEPTEMBER 18, 1943 

Strong Pacific Ocean Area forces today conducted heavy raids on the Japanese bases at Tarawa Island, in the northern Gilbert group, and on Nauru Island, west of the Gilbert group.

These operations were carried out according to plan during the night preceding and for a good portion of the day of September 19, east longitude date.

Details of the operations are not immediately available. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 467, SEPTEMBER 19, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. During the night of September 15, a Japanese plane bombed Guadal­canal Island. Some minor damage was sustained and one man was injured. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 468, SEPTEMBER 21, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On September 19, in the early morning, several enemy planes bombed Guadalcanal Island. Slight material and personnel casualties were sustained. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 13, SEPTEMBER 22, 1943 

Supplementing Pacific Ocean Areas Communiqué No. 12, the following information concerning our operations against enemy installations in the Gilbert Islands region during the night preceding and throughout the day of 19 September, east longitude date, is available:

Attacks were made by carrier‑based aircraft and by land‑based Army and Navy aircraft from various bases in the Central and South Pacific areas.

More than 200 sorties were carried out by our planes against Tarawa, Makin and Apamama Islands, in the Northern Gilberts, and Nauru Island, west of the Gilbert group.

Damage to the enemy included: At Tarawa: Airdrome facilities heavily damaged, eight bombers destroyed on the runway, one small vessel sunk; At Makin: Air base damaged, three four‑engine seaplanes and one patrol plane destroyed; At Apamama : Enemy camp installations heavily hit; At Nauru: Damage to installations. 

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In addition to destroying aircraft on the ground, our forces shot down six Zeros, probably destroyed four others and damaged eight more fighters, and shot down two medium bombers.

Despite attempted interception by day and night fighters and intense antiaircraft fire encountered, our losses totaled only four planes. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 469, SEPTEMBER 23, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. On September 20, during the early morning, six Japanese planes bombed the vicinity of the air strip on Guadalcanal. Light damage to material and installations was sustained. No casualties were suffered.

2. On September 21, in the morning, about 12 or 16 enemy bombers were over Guadalcanal. Light damage and some casualties were sustained. Two of the enemy planes were shot down by one of our fighters. 

SEPTEMBER 28, 1943 

NAVY PILOT SINKS THREE U‑BOATS 

Lieutenant Robert Pershing Williams, USNR, 26‑year‑old Naval pilot of Snoqualmie, Wash., during a period of six weeks destroyed two U‑boats, bombed another into such helplessness that it was readily sent to the bottom by another plane, and possibly damaged a fourth underseas raider.

Lieutenant Williams, pilot of a Grumman Avenger bomber, is attached to one of the Navy's new escort aircraft carriers assigned to antisubmarine patrol and escort duty in the Atlantic. 

SEPTEMBER 29, 1943 

MARINE SERGEANT TELLS OF THE SINKING OF THE JOHN PENN 

Guadalcanal—(Delayed)—Although knocked across the deck and injured by a falling 12‑ton beam, Marine Captain William C. Roberts, of 501 Twenty-second Avenue, San Francisco, Calif., the son of a banker, probably saved the lives of several badly wounded men last night by tying life jackets on them and lowering them over the side of the torpedoed and sinking USS John Penn.

(The 9,000‑ton John Penn, a transport cargo ship, was formerly the Excambion of the American Export Lines. Her loss was revealed September 23, 1943, in a communiqué issued at the headquarters of General Douglas A. MacArthur, U.S.A. Next of kin of casualties have been notified by the Navy Department.)

The action was described this morning by Marine Sergeant William F. Stoddard, Jr., of 138 Quincy Road, Riverside, Ill., while Stoddard was lined up on the beach with the other survivors.

These torpedoed survivors, clothed in pajamas and cover‑alls given them by Navy Hospital Corpsmen, were answering a roll call to check the missing.

"A Jap plane put her fish right in our engine room," related Stoddard. "The bow began going under almost immediately, and the entire ship was out of sight in less than 20 minutes. 

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"Captain Roberts was injured when the explosion occurred. He was injured by a 12‑ton beam that instantly killed two men standing right next to him. He picked himself up, bleeding, and right away began to help the other wounded lying around the deck.

"He tied life jackets around the unconscious and lowered them to the water, hoping the rescue boats would pick them up. The bow was the last to go under, and when I left the ship he was still up there helping men to get aft before the whole thing went down."

"We still don't know how many men we lost," explained Stoddard.

Even while he was relating the story another alarm sounded and our interview had to be finished in a foxhole.

"It was an all‑Navy crew," he continued, "except Captain Roberts and myself, the only Marines permanently attached to the ship.

"Ever since I got ashore I've been looking for him. I was afraid he went down with the ship, but I finally located him just a little while ago. He's at one of the hospitals with a bad right shoulder and a couple of burns, but he says he's okay and should be out within a week."

The torpedoing last night was not Sergeant Stoddard's first contact with the Japs. He is a Guadalcanal veteran who landed with the first invasion troops August 7, 1942. After two months under fire he was transferred to ship duty, and since then has been serving in and out of Solomon waters. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 470, OCTOBER 1, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. During the morning of September 27, a U. S. reconnaissance plane engaged five Zero fighters in the vicinity of Nauru Island. One Zero was destroyed and one other was probably shot down. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 471, OCTOBER 1, 1943

Mediterranean Area. 

1. The mine layer, USS Skill, was sunk on the morning of September 25, 1943, as the result of an underwater explosion in the Gulf of Salerno. The next of kin of all casualties in the Skill have been notified. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 472, OCTOBER 3, 1943 

1. On the night of September 30, a U. S. reconnaissance plane engaged nine Zero fighters fifteen miles north of Nauru Island. One enemy plane was shot down. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 473, OCTOBER 6, 1943 

1. The U. S. Coast Guard patrol craft Wilcox, formerly a fishing vessel, foundered in a storm off the Atlantic coast on September 30, 1943, and was lost. One crew, member is missing and his next of kin has been notified. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 14, OCTOBER 6, 1943 

A strong Pacific Fleet task force, commanded by Rear Admiral Alfred E. Montgomery, USN, heavily attacked enemy held positions on Wake Island with carrier aircraft and ship bombardment commencing at dawn on October 5, 1943, west longitude date. Further details are not now available. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 15, OCTOBER 10, 1943 

Supplementing Pacific Ocean Areas Communiqué No. 14, the following information is available concerning our operations against Wake Island:

The initial heavy and protracted attack made by carrier aircraft and ship bombardment, beginning at dawn on 5 October, west longitude date, was fol­lowed late the same afternoon by an attack by a group of Navy Liberator Bombers led by Commander John T. Hayward, U. S. Navy, and on the morning of 6 October by a further carrier aircraft bombing by the force commanded by Rear Admiral Alfred E. Montgomery, U. S. Navy.

In the extended attacks our planes dropped 320 tons of bombs. An in­tensive bombardment by the ships combined to inflict considerable damage to enemy installations on Wake, Peale and Wilkes Islands. Enemy defenses were so neutralized in the initial bombardment that the heavy bombers encountered only weak and ineffective antiaircraft fire and no air opposition in their low altitude bombing attack in the late afternoon of 5 October.

Our forces destroyed 30 or more enemy planes in the air and 31 on the ground. Many fires were started in the plane dispersal areas, shops, barracks, and storage areas throughout the three Islands. Two small vessels, one loaded with gasoline, were destroyed.

Damage by enemy action to our ships and ships' personnel was negligible. We lost 13 planes in combat. 

JOINT STATEMENT, OCTOBER 10, 1943 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti­submarine operations in September is issued under the authority of the Presi­dent and the Prime Minister: 

1. Until the third week in September no Allied ship was lost by German U‑boat attack. Then, on the 19th of September, the U‑boats ended the four months' lull in the North Atlantic, and a pack of at least fifteen U‑boats concentrated on a west‑bound convoy. The combat lasted four and a half days. The loss of three escort vessels has already been announced. A small number of merchant ships were sunk, but as a result of vigorous counterattacks by the surface and air escorts a larger number of U‑boats were sunk or damaged.

2. In spite of the increase in U‑boat activity at the end of the month, the average merchant‑ship losses from all causes in September and August together are the best record of the war.

3. Nevertheless, this resumption of pack tactics is evidence of the enemy's intention to spare no efforts to turn the tide of the U‑boat war, and the utmost exertion and vigilance will be required before its menace is finally removed. 

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 474, OCTOBER 14, 1943

North Pacific. 

1. On October 13, ten Japanese bombers flew over Massacre Bay, Attu Island, at great height and dropped bombs without causing damage. There was no damage to the U. S. intercepting fighters or to enemy planes. 

Mediterranean Area. 

2. The USS Buck, destroyer, was sunk off Salerno on October 9, as the result of an underwater explosion.

3. The USS Bristol, destroyer, was sunk in the Mediterranean on October 13, as the result of an underwater explosion.

4. The next of kin of all casualties aboard the USS Buck and the USS Bristol will be notified by telegram immediately upon receipt of casualty re­ports. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 157, OCTOBER 15, 1943 

Navy Liberator bombers carried out a light bombing attack on Makin Island on 13 October, West Longitude Date. No damage was suffered by our forces. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 158, OCTOBER 18, 1943 

Shortly after midnight Sunday morning an unidentified airplane approach­ing from seaward was illuminated by searchlights at the Naval Air Station, Barber's Point, Oahu.

The plane, which appeared to be a small, float‑type monoplane, immedi­ately dived in an attempt to elude the lights, reversed its course, and sped out to sea, at low altitude.

The circumstances of the plane's approach would appear to indicate it was an enemy craft on a reconnaissance mission. It is considered that the mission was unsuccessful. The probability exists that the plane was launched from a submarine. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 475, OCTOBER 19, 1943

Pacific and Far East. 

1. According to the latest available information, U. S. submarines; operat­ing over wide areas and carrying the war to the enemy's closest home waters, have sunk a total of 319 Japanese ships, have probably sunk and have damaged 105 others since December 7, 1941.

2. In previous Navy Department communiqués, the sinking of 221, the probable sinking of 31, and the damaging of 60 enemy vessels were announced. To bring the score of damage inflicted on Japanese shipping by U. S. sub­marines up to date, the following additional details of results are reported for the first time by types: 

Sunk:

6 large tankers
17 large cargo‑supply ships
45 medium‑sized cargo‑supply ships
3 large transports
2 medium‑sized tankers
5 small cargo‑supply ships
20 miscellaneous vessels
98 Total

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Probably Sunk:

5 medium‑sized cargo vessels

Damaged:

4 large tankers
2 transports
2 large cargo‑supply vessels
31 medium‑sized cargo‑supply vessels
5 miscellaneous vessels
1 small cargo‑supply vessel
45 Total 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 161, OCTOBER 21, 1943 

A small force of Navy Liberator bombers attacked Japanese held Tarawa Island, in the Gilbert Group, on 19 October, West Longitude Date. Consider­able antiaircraft opposition was encountered, but no enemy aircraft were sighted. Our forces suffered no damage. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 476, OCTOBER 24, 1943 

1. The U. S. Submarine Dorado is overdue and must be presumed to be lost. The next of kin of personnel in the Dorado have been so informed. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 477, OCTOBER 27, 1943 

1. The U. S. Submarine Runner is overdue and must be presumed to be lost. The next of kin of personnel in the Runner have been so informed. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 478, OCTOBER 29, 1943

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of ten enemy vessels and the damaging of four others in operations against the enemy in waters of these areas, as follows: 

Sunk:

1 large freighter
1 large tanker
1 large transport
5 medium freighters
2 small freighters 

Damaged:

1 large freighter
2 medium freighters
1 small freighter 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué. 

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 479, OCTOBER 30, 1943

South Pacific (east longitude date). 

1. A number of enemy planes ineffectively dropped bombs on Guadalcanal luring the night of October 28, 1943. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 480, NOVEMBER 4, 1943

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of ten enemy vessels and the damaging of three others in operations against the enemy in waters of these areas, as follows: 

Sunk:

1 large tanker
1 medium tanker
1 patrol craft
4 medium freighters
1 large freighter
1 small freighter
1 large cargo transport

Damaged:

1 medium tanker
1 small freighter
1 large freighter

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué. 

South Pacific. 

3. On the early afternoon of November 2, 1943, (East Longitude Date) a reconnaissance plane, operating under the command of Admiral Halsey, at­tacked and sank a 1,000‑ton enemy freighter 30 miles southwest of Ocean island. The plane was damaged, apparently by antiaircraft fire, and a number if her personnel were wounded. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 481, NOVEMBER 10, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. The U. S. destroyer Henley was sunk during October as the result of a torpedo explosion. The sinking took place in the early evening. The next of kin of the casualties aboard the Henley have been notified.

2. During the night engagement on October 6, off Vella LaVella, the U. S. destroyer Chevalier was severely damaged by the enemy and collided with mother destroyer in the formation. The Chevalier subsequently brake in two and sank. The next of kin of the casualties aboard the Chevalier have been notified.

3. Because of the nature of pending operations at the time, the losses of he USS Henley and USS Chevalier were not given earlier announcement. 

Atlantic

4. The destroyer USS Borie was lost in the Atlantic recently as the result of damage received by herself in ramming and sinking an enemy submarine. 

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5. The Borie, while engaged in patrol, encountered a submarine, which she sank with depth bombs. Encountering a second submarine a short time later, the Borie rammed and sank this enemy vessel also. The force of the ramming, however, opened holes in the Borie's hull below the water line. Although the Borie managed to rejoin the task force to which she was as­signed, the extent of her damage was so great that it was necessary for her personnel to abandon ship; after which the U. S. destroyer was sunk by bombs from her own group's planes.

6. The next of kin of casualties aboard the Borie will be notified by tele­gram as soon as possible. 

Memorandum to the Press: 

The night engagement referred to in paragraph 2 (loss of the USS Chevalier) was previously announced in Southwest Pacific Communiqué No. 546, on October 9, 1943, as follows

"Vella LaVella; The enemy was frustrated in an apparent attempt to evacuate the remnants of his defeated ground force. Our Naval units at night intercepted and engaged an enemy force consisting of one light cruiser and four destroyers. The cruiser and one destroyer exploded and sank as a result of our gunfire, one destroyer was sunk by torpedo action and the remaining two destroyers were damaged and fled. Two other groups of ships to the rear reversed course and retired at high speed. Our losses were moderate." 

ARMY AND NAVY JOINT STATEMENT, NOVEMBER 10, 1943 

The Army Air Forces has withdrawn from anti‑submarine operations and the United States Navy was assumed full responsibility, it was announced today by the War Department.

An outgrowth of the First Bomber Command, which since December 8, 1941, has been engaged in anti‑submarine activities, the Army Air Forces Anti­submarine Command was activated in October, 1942, under Brigadier General Westside T. Larson. Wings and Squadrons were organized for combat patrol work, assignments were made to theaters of operations, depth charges were dropped in a number of oceans and seas, with much success directed against enemy submarines.

It also was announced that the Navy has now acquired sufficient planes and trained sufficient crews to take over complete responsibility against the submarine menace.

Units which operated for the Army Air Forces will be absorbed for other combat duty by various air forces, some in theaters of operations, but an exchange of aircraft between the Army and Navy will be effected.

The Army planes were land‑based and operated in connection with several theaters of operations.

The Anti‑submarine Command discloses that millions of miles have been flown in combat operations by planes of its various wings and squadrons, con­stituting a substantial portion of the total number of miles flown since Pearl Harbor by all Allied Aircraft engaged in anti‑submarine warfare.

Operating world‑wide with a mission to seek out and destroy hostile sub­marines wherever at sea, the Anti‑submarine Command had spread out to four continents, fighting the U‑boat in three different theaters of operations. 

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 482, NOVEMBER 12, 1943

Mediterranean. 

1. The destroyer USS Beatty was sunk in the Mediterranean on Novem­ber 6, 1943, as a result of enemy aircraft action. The next of kin of the casualties aboard the Beatty have been notified. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 483, NOVEMBER 13, 1943

South. Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. During the night of November 11, about 12 Japanese bombers dropped bombs on Nanomea, Ellice Islands. Reports indicate one killed and two wounded. Minor material damage was sustained. One enemy plane was shot down by antiaircraft fire. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 168, NOVEMBER 13, 1943 

Early this morning (13 November west Longitude date), six Japanese bombers raided our installations on Funafuti, Ellice Islands, dropping about thirty bombs in two high‑altitude runs, causing minor material damage. Per­sonnel casualties were two wounded. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 484, NOVEMBER 14, 1943

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of seven enemy vessels and the damaging of two others in operations against the enemy in waters, of these areas, as follows: 

Sunk:

1 plane transport
1 large freighter
1 medium cargo transport
4 medium freighters 

Damaged:

1 large freighter
1 medium freighter

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 169, NOVEMBER 15, 1943 

Army Seventh Air Force Liberators raided enemy installations on Betio Island, Tarawa atoll, Gilbert Islands, during the night of 13 November, West Longitude date.

Several large fires were started near the runways. No enemy interception was attempted. Our planes encountered intense antiaircraft fire over the target without damage or personnel casualties. 

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On 14 November Army Liberators from this force made further raids on Betio and on Mille atoll, Marshall Islands. No air opposition was encountered in either raid. Our planes and personnel suffered no damage from antiaircraft fire. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 16, NOVEMBER 18, 1943 

1. Late afternoon raids were made on enemy positions on Jaluit and Mille Atolls in the Marshall Islands and on Makin Island in the Gilberts on November 15 (West Longitude Date) by Liberator bombers of the Army's Seventh Air Force.

2. At Jaluit many fires were started by our bombs in the hangars, shops, and dump areas at the seaplane bases on Imieji and Jabor Islands. Of the five ships anchored in the lagoon one was left burning. Three others were possibly damaged. Several fires resulted from the Mille attack but cloud con­ditions prevented accurate observance of damage at Makin.

3. No air interception was encountered in any instance. Antiaircraft fire was intense at Mille, weak at Makin and at Jaluit. No damage was suffered by our planes or personnel. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 170, NOVEMBER 18, 1943 

Bombs were dropped on the airdrome area, Jaluit, Marshall Islands, on 16 November, West longitude date, by Liberators from the Seventh Air Force. Large fires were started.

One of several enemy float planes which attacked our formation was probably shot down. No damage was suffered by our planes or personnel.

At noon on 17 November, West Longitude Date, Liberators from the same force made low‑altitude bombing and strafing runs on the enemy airfield at Tarawa, Gilbert Islands. No enemy aircraft was sighted. No damage was suffered by weak antiaircraft fire from Betio Island.

About 10 enemy bombers made a medium altitude raid on our installations at Funafuti, Ellice Islands, before dawn on 17 November, West Longitude Date. Our losses were two killed and several planes damaged. 

NOVEMBER 19, 1943 

THE TENTH FLEET 

When deliveries of ships and aircraft reached sufficient proportions to warrant such a move, about six months ago, the Tenth Fleet was organized to exercise unity of control over the U. S. Navy's war against the U‑boat in the Atlantic.

In addition to his other duties, Admiral Ernest J. King, U. S. Navy, Commander in Chief, U. S. Fleet and Chief of Naval Operations, retained the immediate direction of anti‑submarine operations and is the Commander, Tenth Fleet.

Rear Admiral Francis S. Low, U. S. Navy, Assistant Chief of Staff (Anti-Submarine), U. S. Fleet, is Chief of Staff, Tenth Fleet.

The Tenth Fleet was assigned the following tasks: 

(a) Destruction of U‑boats.

(b) Protection of Allied shipping in the Sea Frontiers concerned.

(c) Support of other Anti‑Submarine Forces operating in the Atlantic

Areas. 

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(d) Control of convoys and shipping that are U. S. responsibilities.

(e) Correlation of U. S. anti‑submarine research and personnel instruction. 

To accomplish its assigned mission, the Tenth Fleet was organized into four principal divisions: Operations; Anti‑Submarine Measures (materiel, training, analysis and statistics and operational research); Convoy and Routing; and a Scientific Counsel (composed of civilian scientists).

Through this organization Tenth Fleet Headquarters makes available the latest information regarding anti‑submarine developments and intelligence and training and operating procedures to Admiral Royal E. Ingersoll, U. S. Navy, Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet, and the several other Fleet and Sea Frontier Commanders who direct the actual operations in that part of the Atlantic Ocean under U. S. strategic control. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 171, NOVEMBER 19, 1943 

Carrier aircraft raided Betio Island, Tarawa atoll, Gilbert Islands, on 18 November, (all dates herein West Longitude), starting large oil fires.

The following raids were made against enemy installations in the Marshall end Gilbert Islands by Liberators of the Army's Seventh Air Force: 

(a) Before dawn on 17 November, barracks, runways and oil dumps on Mille were bombed. No enemy planes were encountered. No damage was suffered by our planes or personnel from intense antiaircraft fire.

(b) At sunset on 17 November, bombs were dropped on Maloelap. Two of our planes were damaged by intercepting Zeros. There were no personnel casualties. One Zero was shot down, one was probably shot down and several were damaged.

(c) At noon on 18 November, raids were made against the Mille and Tarawa installations. There was no enemy air interception, although five Zeros were sighted over Tarawa. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 172, NOVEMBER 19, 1943 

Enemy installations on Nauru Island were heavily‑hit by carrier aircraft on 18 November, West longitude date.

Our planes dropped ninety tons of bombs in the airdrome and shop areas, starting fires and destroying several aircraft on the ground. One small ship vas set afire. Of the seven Zeros which appeared during later stages of the attack, two were shot down. Accurate antiaircraft fire was encountered. All four planes returned. One pilot was wounded. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 485, NOVEMBER 20, 1943

South Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. The small vessel reported lost in the communiqué dated November 18, 1943, issued from Allied Headquarters Southwest Pacific, was the USS McKean, destroyer transport. This vessel sank November 17, 1943, as a result of attack by enemy aircraft off the southwest coast of Bougainville Island.

2. The next of kin of the casualties will be notified as soon as possible. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 17, NOVEMBER 21, 1943 

Marine Corps and Army forces covered by powerful units of all types of the Pacific Fleet have established beachheads on Makin and Tarawa Atolls, Gilbert Islands, meeting moderate resistance at Makin and strong resistance at Tarawa. Fighting continues during these operations. Army Liberators made diversionary attacks in the Marshalls. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 18, NOVEMBER 22, 1943 

Our troops have improved their positions on Tarawa and Makin Atolls, but are still encountering considerable enemy ground resistance. We have landed on Apamama Atoll. Liberators heavily bombed the airdromes area at Nauru Island on November 20 (West Longitude Date) and on November 21 Army Liberators continued diversionary attacks in the Marshalls. The Central Pacific operations are being directed by Vice Admiral Raymond A. Spruance, U. S. Navy. The amphibious forces are under command of Rear Admiral Richmond Turner, U. S. Navy. Landings were made on Tarawa by the Second Marine Division in command of Major General Julian C. Smith, USMC; those on Makin by troops of the 27th Infantry Division, commanded by Major General Ralph Smith, U.S.A. Major General Holland McT. Smith, USMC, is in command of the landing forces. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 19, NOVEMBER 23, 1943

Central Pacific. 

1. Our forces have captured Makin. On Tarawa, the Marines have con­solidated their positions and are making good progress against enemy con­centrations on eastern end of Betio Island with capture assured. The situation on Abemama is well in hand.

2 Raids are being continued against the Marshalls by carrier aircraft and Army Seventh Air Force Liberators. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 20, NOVEMBER 24, 1943

Central Pacific. 

1. Betio Island, Tarawa Atoll, was captured shortly after noon, November 23 (West Longitude Date), following a desperate enemy counterattack which was crushed by troops of the Second Marine Division.

2. Remnants of the enemy are being hunted down on Abemama, Tarawa and Makin Atolls.

3. Seventh Army Air Force Liberators continued diversionary attacks in the Marshalls. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 173, NOVEMBER 25, 1943 

One of our carrier divisions covering the Gilberts operations to 24 Novem­ber (West Longitude Date) shot down 34 enemy fighters, nine bombers and three four‑engine patrol seaplanes. Its losses in these operations total three fighters and one torpedo bomber. Seventh Air Force Liberators which raided Imieji, Jaluit atoll, on 23 November, observed three float‑fighters, airborne, 

87

which did not attempt interception. One of our planes was damaged by anti­aircraft fire.

Mopping up operations on Tarawa, Makin and Apamama are virtually complete. Few live Japanese remain in the Gilberts. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 486, NOVEMBER 26, 1943

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of nine enemy vessels in operations against the enemy in waters of these areas, as follows 

Sunk:

1 medium tanker
1 medium plane transport
7 medium freighters 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 177, NOVEMBER 29, 1943 

Islands in the Gilberts are being developed according to plan.

A few enemy stragglers remain in the northern end of Tarawa Atoll.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators continue their raids against Nauru and the Marshalls. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 178, NOVEMBER 30, 1943 

Admiral C. W. Nimitz, Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, has returned to his headquarters following an inspection of the Gilbert Islands area, including Tarawa atoll. Admiral Nimitz was accompanied by Lieutenant General Robert C. Richardson, Jr., Commanding General, U. S. Army Forces, Central Pacific, and members of their staffs. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 21, DECEMBER 1, 1943 

Preliminary reports of the Gilbert operations indicate that our landing forces suffered the following approximate casualties: 

(a) At Tarawa—killed in action, 1026; wounded in action, 2557.

(b) At Makin—killed in action, 65 ; wounded in action, 121.

(c) At Abemama—killed in action, 1; wounded in action, 2. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 487, DECEMBER 2, 1943

Central Pacific (all dates are east longitude). 

1. The USS Liscome Bay (an escort carrier) was sunk as the result of being torpedoed by a submarine on November 24, 1943, in the Gilbert Islands area. This is the only ship lost in the Gilbert Islands operation.

2. The next of kin of casualties aboard the Liscome Bay will be notified as soon as possible. 

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 488, DECEMBER 2, 1943 

1. The U. S. Submarine Wahoo is overdue and must be presumed to be lost.

2. The next of kin of personnel in the Wahoo have been so informed. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 181, DECEMBER 2, 1943 

Our aircraft continue raid and search operations in the Marshalls.

On the morning of 30 November, (West Longitude Date), Seventh AAF Liberators which bombed the Taroa airdrome were intercepted by 35 Zeros. Seven or more Zeros were shot down, at least four others were damaged. All of our planes returned, but several were damaged. Two men were injured.

A Navy Liberator of Fleet Air Wing Two which was attacked by six Zeros near Mille on 30 November while on a search mission shot down one Zero, probably destroyed another and probably damaged two others.

On the evening of 29 November two of our destroyers in the Gilberts area repelled a prolonged attack by enemy torpedo planes. Three enemy planes were destroyed, two others were probably shot down. Neither destroyer was damaged. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 184, DECEMBER 5, 1943 

Nine enemy planes bombed the Tarawa Airdrome on the night of Decem­ber 3 (West Longitude Date), causing minor damage. Three men were slightly wounded. On the morning of December 4 an enemy plane dropped four small bombs at Makin, causing no damage.

A Navy search Liberator, of Fleet Air Wing 2, was attacked near Mille on December 3 by seven Zeros. Our plane destroyed one Zero, damaged two others.

On December 2 a South Pacific search Liberator bombed installations on Kapingamarangi Island, starting several fires. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 186, DECEMBER 5, 1943 

A force of Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Mille Atoll on December 4 (West Longitude Date). 50 tons of bombs were dropped, starting several fires and destroying one medium bomber on the ground. No enemy air interception was encountered. All of our planes returned, though five were slightly damaged by antiaircraft fire. Three men were slightly wounded.

Another group of Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force raided Nauru on December 4. An oil dump was set afire. There was no air interception, although three enemy planes departed the area as our planes arrived. All of our aircraft returned. One was slightly damaged by antiaircraft fire. 

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 489, DECEMBER 6, 1943

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of eleven enemy vessels in operations against the enemy in waters of these areas, as follows: 

Sunk:

1 large tanker
9 medium freighters
1 small freighter

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 22, DECEMBER 6, 1943 

1. Strong carrier task forces attacked the Marshall Islands on December 4 (West Longitude Date).

2. Due to the necessity for radio silence, details are not yet available. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 23, DECEMBER 8, 1943 

1. Our carrier task forces which attacked enemy installations on Kwajalein and Wotje Atolls on December 4, 1943, (West Longitude Date) destroyed 72 planes in the air, strafed and burned an undetermined number of medium bombers on the ground, and destroyed or damaged various ground installations on Kwajalein, Ebeye, Roi and Wotje Islands.

2. At Kwajalein they sank two light cruisers, one oiler and three cargo transports and damaged one troop transport and two cargo transports.

3. At Wotje one cargo transport was damaged.

4. Our forces, under command of Rear Admiral Charles A. Pownall, USN, successfully fought off vigorous prolonged aerial and torpedo and bombing attacks. Of one group of seven torpedo planes, six were destroyed by antiaircraft fire.

5. One of our ships suffered minor damage. Our aircraft losses were light. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 188, DECEMBER 8, 1943 

1. The enemy continues nuisance air raids against our installations in the Gilberts. On the night of December 6 (West Longitude Date) a plane dropped four bombs at Makin, which landed harmlessly in the lagoon. On the night of December 5, enemy planes dropped eight bombs near Betio Island. Only one bomb landed near our installations, causing minor injuries to personnel. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 24, DECEMBER 9, 1943 

1. Strong forces of the Pacific Fleet attacked Nauru Island with carrier aircraft and ship bombardment on December 8 (West Longitude Date)­Further details are not now available. 

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2. Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force, which raided the Taroa airdrome installations on the morning of December 7, were intercepted over Maloelap by eight enemy fighters. One fighter was shot down. Our planes suffered only slight damage. A Liberator of this force also bombed Mille during the same sortie. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 189, DECEMBER 9, 1943 

Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two made the following raids in the southern Marshalls on 8 December 1943 (West Longitude Date). A Ventura bomber strafed installations at Mille in the face of heavy automatic weapon fire without damage to our plane. Three Zeros attacked one of our Liberators near Mille, with no damage; another Liberator raided and strafed base facilities at Jaluit, sinking a patrol boat and probably sinking a medium freighter and two small vessels. 

JOINT STATEMENT, DECEMBER 9, 1943 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti­submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

Anti U‑Boat operations in November have been notable, for the enemy has achieved little for the great effort he has exerted. The number of merchant vessels sunk by U‑Boats in November is less than in any other month since May, 1940.

By means of aircraft operating from Azores we have been able to improve protection to our convoys and to diminish area in which enemy U‑Boats were free from attack by our forces.

The enemy has used long range aircraft to assist in concentrating U‑Boats on our convoy routes but in spite of this our escort and counter­attack has been effective.

The caution of the enemy U‑Boats has lessened the number of op­portunities presented to our forces for striking at them. Nevertheless, the number of U‑Boats sunk in November has again exceeded the number of their victims. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 190, DECEMBER 10, 1943 

1. Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force made late afternoon raids on enemy installations at Jaluit and Mille on December 8 (West Longitude Date). More than 40 tons of bombs were dropped in the target area at Jaluit. There was no enemy interception and none of our aircraft was damaged by antiaircraft fire. At Mille our planes were intercepted by 10 Zeros, two of which were probably shot down. Several of our planes received minor damage. One man was wounded. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 191 

Liberator bombers of the Army 7th Air Force which dropped more than 15 tons of bombs on Mille on 9 December (West Longitude Date) were at­tacked by approximately 20 Zeros. Four Zeros were shot down, three were 

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probably shot down, and one was damaged. We suffered only slight material damage with a few men wounded. Two Zeros dropped six aerial bombs at our planes without results. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 192, DECEMBER 12, 1943 

Our battleships and carriers which bombarded Nauru Island on Decem­ber 8 (West Longitude Date) started large fires throughout the target area and destroyed nine planes on the ground and one in the air. We lost two aircraft. One of our destroyers received one hit from enemy shore batteries suffering minor damage. A Navy search Liberator of Fleet Air Wing Two strafed a medium cargo transport and its escorting patrol vessel near Jaluit on December 10. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 193, DECEMBER 12, 1943 

Two Navy dive bombers collided on 7 December while engaged in training exercises near Keilii Point, Maui. Pilots of both planes parachuted safely, but their radiomen were killed.

A bomb from one of the two planes in collision fell and detonated among a force of Marines participating in field maneuvers nearby. Twenty Marines were killed and twenty‑nine were injured. A court of inquiry is investigating circumstances of the casualty. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 194, DECEMBER 14, 1943 

Army heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Imeiji Island, Jaluit Atoll, on December 12 (West Longitude Date), dropping ap­proximately 50 tons of bombs on shore installations and on a cargo transport in the lagoon.

Damage to our planes from antiaircraft fire was negligible. None of our personnel was wounded. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 195, DECEMBER 14, 1943 

Army heavy bombers of the 7th Army Air Force raided enemy installa­tions on Wotje atoll on 13 December (West Longitude Date). One of our planes was damaged by antiaircraft fire. There were no personnel casualties.

Two Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two made a low altitude attack on Jaluit at dusk on 12 December. One pilot was wounded and both planes suffered some damage from machine gun fire.

The enemy made small night raids at Tarawa on 11 and 12 December. There were no casualties nor damage to our installations. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 196, DECEMBER 16, 1943 

Army heavy bombers of the Army 7th Air Force which bombed the enemy airdrome on Taroa Island on 14 December (West Longitude Date) started fires in the hangar area. They were intercepted by 15 fighters. One fighter was shot down, four were probably shot down and five were damaged. 

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Three of our planes were slightly damaged. Enemy bombers made nuisance raids at Tarawa on 12 and 13 December, and at Makin on 13 and 14 De­cember. No damage resulted from the Tarawa attacks. Four men were wounded at Makin by a bomb dropped in the raid on 13 December. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 197, DECEMBER 16, 1943 

Heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force struck Taroa and Wotje, in the Marshalls, on December 15 (West Longitude Date) dropping more than 40 tons of bombs, damaging installations on both islands.

At Taroa, where damage was inflicted on buildings and storage spaces our bombers were attacked by 30 enemy fighters. Two Zeros were shot down, eight were probably shot down, and eight others were damaged. One of our planes was lost and several others suffered damage. One crew member of another of our planes was killed.

At Wotje, where fires were observed as result of the bombings, none of our planes was damaged. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 490, DECEMBER 17, 1943

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of eight enemy vessels in operations against the enemy in waters of these areas, as follows 

Sunk:

2 large transports
2 large tankers
3 medium freighters
1 small freighter 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 198, DECEMBER 17, 1943 

Army Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force raided Wotje at dusk on December 15 (West Longitude Date) scoring numerous hits on airdrome installations. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 200, DECEMBER 18, 1943 

The Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet, has received the following message from Sir Philip Mitchell, Governor of Fiji and British High Com­missioner for the Western Pacific: 

"May I express to you the warmest congratulations and most sincere gratitude of myself and people of Fiji and High Commission territories and especially of the Gilbert Islands for brilliantly planned and heroically executed operation for capture of Gilbert Islands. After personal visit to Betio I can understand the grimness of the task, the masterly way your bold blow was struck and the incomparable courage of the men who struck it. We Join you in mourning for the brave men who died. We salute a great feat of arms." 

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 202, DECEMBER 19, 1943 

Army fighters and light bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force which attacked Mille during the morning of December 18 (West Longitude Date) destroyed six Zeroes on the ground and damaged three others.

Our planes encountered no air opposition. Two of our planes suffered minor damage from antiaircraft fire.

On December 16, Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two strafed a small vessel southeast of Kwajalein and attacked a ship and shore installa­tions at Ebon Atoll. On December 17, a Navy Liberator while on a search mission bombed three small transports near Jaluit, two of which were pos­sibly sunk. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 203, DECEMBER 20, 1943 

On the afternoon of December 18 (West Longitude Date) Army planes of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked airdrome installations at Mine Atoll and were intercepted by four Jap fighters. One Jap fighter was shot down, another was possibly destroyed. Several of our planes were damaged.

During the morning of December 19, Army fighters bombed and strafed Mille and destroyed one medium bomber and two Zeros on the ground. Eight Zeros attacked our formation. One was shot down. Heavy machine gun fire was encountered. We lost two planes. Army heavy bombers again raided Mille at noon on December 19, dropping about 30 tons of bombs. An intercept­ing fighter slightly damaged one of our aircraft.

During the night of December 18, a Catalina search plane of Fleet Wing Two bombed and set afire large transport at Kwajalein. Enemy planes dropped three bombs at Tarawa before dawn on December 18, causing no damage. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 204, DECEMBER 21, 1943 

Army heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, which attacked enemy installations on Maloelap Atoll on December 19 (West Longitude Date), were intercepted by 25 Japanese fighters. Seven of the enemy fighters were probably destroyed and five others were damaged. Two of our planes were damaged. Three men were wounded. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 205, DECEMBER 21, 1943 

Heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Taroa on De­cember 20 (West Longitude Date) with about 25 tons of bombs, causing many fires and explosions in hangar and storage areas. Our aircraft were attacked by 30 Zeros. Four enemy fighters were shot down; five others were probably destroyed. Three of our planes were shot down, others received minor damage from antiaircraft fire and intercepting fighters. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 207, DECEMBER 23, 1943 

A force of Navy Hellcat fighters and Army and Navy Dauntless light bombers bombed and strafed enemy installations on Imieji Island, Jaluit Atoll, at noon on December 20 (West Longitude Date). A medium cargo ship and one small vessel in the lagoon were damaged. Heavy antiaircraft fire was encountered; we lost one plane. 

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A group of Liberators from the Seventh Army Air Force and Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Kwajalein and Roi Islands, Kwajalein Atoll, on the afternoon of December 21. Our planes were intercepted by nine Japanese fighters, but sustained no damage. More than 20 enemy ships were seen in the lagoon.

On the early morning of December 20, two enemy planes dropped bombs on Tarawa from high altitude. One of our planes on the ground was slightly damaged. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 491, DECEMBER 24, 1943 

1. The U. S. Submarine Grayling is overdue and must be presumed to be lost.

2. The next of kin of personnel in the Grayling have been so informed. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 209, DECEMBER 24, 1943 

Heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Kwajalein Island on the morning of December 23 (West Longitude Date). Island Installa­tions were damaged and two cargo vessels anchored offshore were bombed. No enemy fighters were encountered. Anti‑aircraft fire did not damage our aircraft. On the afternoon of December 21 Army light bombers escorted by Army and Navy fighters struck shipping and shore installations at Mille. Several enemy fighters were encountered, one of which was shot down, an­other possibly destroyed and a third damaged. Three of our planes were slightly damaged. On the morning of December 23, Seventh Army Air Force fighters and light bombers attacked Mille. Five Zeros attacked our aircraft. Two were shot down. All of our planes returned. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 210, DECEMBER 25, 1943 

Navy medium bombers of Fleet Air Wing Two made a low altitude attack on Nauru at dusk on Christmas Eve (East Longitude Date) setting Installa­tions on fire. One of our planes is missing.

Army Liberators of the Seventh AAF bombed Wotje on the evening of December 22 (West Longitude Date). Our planes were attacked by 35 enemy fighters, three of which were destroyed, one was probably shot down and six were damaged. Our casualties were one killed and two wounded.

Enemy bombers made five raids on Tarawa during the night of December 22 and 23, causing minor damage.

Enemy light bombers made three nuisance raids at Makin, two at night one during the day, wounding eight men. Two enemy planes were shot down by an intercepting Army fighter.

On the morning of December 24, 15 enemy fighters dropped bombs from high altitude on Makin, causing no damage. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 211, DECEMBER 26, 1943 

Army heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Wotje on December 24 (West Longitude Date). Several fires started.

Army light bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, escorted by Army Airacobras, raided Mille on December 25. Two of our bombers were slightly damaged. 

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A Navy search Liberator of Fleet Air Wing Two made a low altitude attack on two small transports near Kwajalein on December 24, probably sinking one transport. Another Navy Liberator, while on a search mission near Taroa on December 24, beat off twelve intercepting Zeros, without re­ceiving damage. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 492, DECEMBER 28, 1943

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of twelve enemy vessels in operations against the enemy in waters of these areas, as follows 

Sunk:

1 destroyer.
2 large tankers.
1 large freighter.
2 medium transports.
6 medium freighters.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 213, DECEMBER 28, 1943 

Army Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force which dropped more than 50 tons of bombs on Wotje on December 26 (West Longitude Date) were attacked by six Zeros. One Zero was destroyed. We lost two planes.

A low altitude attack was made against Jaluit and shipping there on December 26 by Ventura bombers and Hellcat fighters of Fleet Air Wing Two. All of our planes returned. 

CINCPAC RELEASE NO. 214, DECEMBER 29, 1943 

Navy medium bombers of Fleet Air Wing Two which raided Nauru on the morning of December 29 (West Longitude Date) destroyed an ammunition dump and started several fires. Several of our planes suffered minor damage. One Navy Liberator while on a search mission in the Marshalls on December 27 damaged a tanker. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 215, DECEMBER 30, 1943 

Army heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Maloelap on December 28 (West Longitude Date). Our planes encountered heavy op­position by Zeros. Two Zeros were destroyed, 10 were probably destroyed. Two of our planes were shot down.

Army light bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force escorted by Army Airacobras made low altitude attacks on Mille on December 28. Several of our planes received minor damage. Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two were intercepted near Kwajalein on December 28 by 10 enemy fighters. Three planes were destroyed. We lost one plane.

Enemy bombers made high altitude evening nuisance raids at Tarawa on December 27 and again on December 28, causing no damage. 

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 493, JANUARY 1, 1944 

1. In the early morning of November 29, 1943, the U. S. Destroyer Perkins was sunk as the result of a collision, off the southeast coast of New Guinea.

2. During the morning of December 17, 1943, the Coastal Transport APC­-21 was sunk by enemy aircraft, oft the southern coast of New Britain Island.

3. The next of kin of the casualties in the Perkins have been notified. The next of kin of the casualties in the APC‑21 will be notified as soon as possible. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 216, JANUARY 1, 1944 

Army heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force raided Kwajalein on December 30 (West Longitude Date). No enemy interception was en­countered.

Army light bombers, escorted by Airacobra fighters, made an attack on Mille on the afternoon of December 30. There was no fighter interception. All our planes returned.

Army medium bombers raided Jabor, in the Jaluit Atoll, on December 30, bombing and strafing ground installations. None of our planes was damaged. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 494, JANUARY 3, 1944

Atlantic

1. A U. S. Destroyer was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic on Decem­ber 24, 1943. The next of kin of the casualties aboard the destroyer will be notified by telegram as soon as casualty reports are received. 

North Pacific. 

2. On December 31, 1943, a group of Army bombers bombed Para­mushiru. Results were not observed. All of our planes returned safely. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 218, JANUARY 4, 1944 

Heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Wotje and Taroa on January 2 (West Longitude Date). Approximately 30 enemy fighters were encountered in each strike. Our bombers shot down eight Zeros at Wotje and probably destroyed five more. At Taroa two Zeros were shot down and two more probably destroyed.

Medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force raided Jaluit Atoll on January 2. Damage and losses to our planes for the day were slight. Ten enemy planes bombed our installations on Abemama on the night of January 2 with slight damage. Two men were killed. 

JANUARY 4, 1944 

REVEAL NAMES OF TWO DESTROYERS PREVIOUSLY ANNOUNCED AS LOST 

Two U. S. destroyers which were announced yesterday as lost now may be identified as the USS Leary and the USS Turner.

The USS Leary, a 1,090‑ton destroyer completed in 1919, was announced in Navy Department Communiqué Number 494 as having been torpedoed and sunk in the North Atlantic on December 24, 1943. 

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The USS Turner, a 1,700‑ton destroyer commissioned April 15, 1943, ex­ploded and sank six miles off Sandy Hook, New Jersey, yesterday morning. Its loss was announced by Third Naval District Headquarters, New York City.

Commander James Ellsworth Keyes, U. S. Navy, 37, of 11621 16th Avenue, South, Seattle, Washington, was the Commanding Officer of the USS Leary.

Commander Henry Sollett Wygant, Jr., U. S. Navy, 37, of Twenty‑Sixth and Lincoln Street, Camp Hill, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, com­manded the USS Turner.

Both Commanding Officers are listed as missing in action.

Notifications have been sent by the Navy Department to the next of kin of all casualties aboard the USS Leary and the USS Turner

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 495, JANUARY 5, 1944 

1. The U. S. Submarine Pompano is overdue from patrol and must be presumed to be lost.

2. The next of kin of personnel in the Pompano have been so informed. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 219, JANUARY 5, 1944 

Army Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Jaluit on Janu­ary 4 (West Longitude Date). All of our planes returned.

Army medium bombers scored two hits on a cargo transport at Jaluit on January 3. Army dive bombers escorted by Airacobras raided Mille on January 3. One of our fighters was shot down by antiaircraft fire.

Enemy planes dropped bombs at Tarawa, Makin and Abemama on the, night of January 3 and at Tarawa on January 4 without damage to our installations. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 496, JANUARY 8, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of ten enemy vessels in operations against the enemy in waters of these areas, as follows: 

Sunk:

1 large tanker
1 large freighter
1 medium‑sized transport
5 medium‑sized freighters
2 small freighters 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy De­partment Communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 221, JANUARY 8, 1944 

Army heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force struck Taroa and Wotje Islands in the Marshalls on January 6 (West Longitude Date). No fighter opposition was encountered in either attack. All of our planes re­turned without damage.

On January 6 a Navy search Liberator of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed a small merchant ship near Jabor in Jaluit Atoll. 

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 222, JANUARY 9, 1944 

Dive bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force accompanied by Navy fighters attacked Mille Atoll in the Marshall Islands on January 7 (West Longitude Date). No fighter interception was encountered. On the evening of January 7 enemy planes dropped bombs at Tarawa without damage to our installations. 

JOINT STATEMENT, JANUARY 10, 1944 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti‑submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

1. Total merchant shipping tonnage lost by U‑boat action in De­cember was again low despite an extension of operating areas. Fewer U‑boats were destroyed during the month by our air and sea forces owing to several factors, including increased caution by enemy. Our supply routes were, however, well secured against U‑boat attack.

2. In 1943 U‑boats sank but 40% of the merchant ship tonnage that they sank in 1942. On the other hand, United Nations merchant ship ton­nage construction in 1943 approximately doubled the tonnage delivered in 1942. Nearly half of our tonnage lost for the year 1943 was during the first three months; 27% was lost during the second quarter of 1943, and only 26% was lost during the last six months. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 223, JANUARY 10, 1944 

Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Kwajalein Is­land on January 9 (West Longitude Date). No enemy fighters were encoun­tered and antiaircraft fire inflicted no damage.

In the evening of January 9 heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Wotje. In a separate operation carried out the same night Navy search Liberators also attacked Wotje from low altitude sinking an auxiliary oiler and another small vessel offshore, wrecking two planes on the airfield and damaging shore installations. All of our planes returned safely.

In the morning of January 8 medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Emeiji Island in the Jaluit Atoll. One of our planes was damaged by antiaircraft fire and one crew member was wounded. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 224, JANUARY 12, 1944 

Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two made a low altitude daylight attack on shipping and shore installations at Kwajalein Island on January 11 (West Longitude Date). Six small cargo ships were bombed; two of these were sunk and the remainder damaged. Several buildings and other installations were set afire on shore, and two planes were damaged on the airfield. No fighter interception was encountered.

Army heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Taroa Island in the Maloelap Atoll on the night of January 10, setting a number of 

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fires and wrecking two planes on the ground. Another group of Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Mille Atoll in the evening of January 10.

All of our planes returned without damage.

Enemy bombers carried out nuisance raids at Tarawa in the evening of January 9, and at Makin and Abemama the night of January 10, causing no damage. 

JANUARY 13, 1944 

TWO GERMAN SUBMARINES SUNK IN SOUTH ATLANTIC 

Two more German U‑boats were sunk recently by U. S. Naval flyers operating in the South Atlantic area. U. S. Army flyers aided in one of the sinkings.

The first U‑boat was sunk in a five‑and‑a‑half hour battle, participated in by six planes, while the other submarine went down, some time later, after near disaster to the United States Naval personnel, which alone participated.

In the first sinking, seven attacks were made by Consolidated Liberators, which dropped a total of 33 depth bombs and strafed the submarine several times. In addition, two U. S. Army planes dropped a total of 10 demolition bombs.

The pilot credited with the "kill" had previously flown for more than 1,500 hours without sighting a U‑boat.

The triumphant Navy plane which actually sank the Nazi submarine exhausted its ammunition and was running low on its gas supply; returned to its base, refueled and rearmed, and moved again into combat to give the U‑boat its final death blow. The Navy plane which originally sighted the U‑boat attacked and so damaged it that it was unable to submerge, making a floating target for the flyers. Then, with its ammunition exhausted after summoning serial assistance by radio and repeatedly attacking the undersea craft, this plane hovered in the area to keep the victim in sight and to direct to the spot the U. S. Navy and Army planes that joined in the fray.

Soon after the death struggle reached its climax, an Army plane ar­rived and stood by for further assistance. Two medium altitude attacks were made by Army flyers during the course of the lengthy engagement.

There were no casualties to American personnel, but the Germans suf­fered heavily. 

JANUARY 13, 1944 

SUNKEN DESTROYER IDENTIFIED AS USS BROWNSON; NEXT OF KIN OF ST. AUGUSTINE CASUALTIES NOTIFIED 

The United States Naval vessel reported lost in the communiqué of De­cember 27, 1943, issued by Allied Headquarters for the Southwest Pacific, was the USS Brownson, destroyer.

The Brownson was sunk as a result of attack by enemy aircraft during the landings of United States troops at Cape Gloucester.

Survivors from the Brownson totaled 208. The next of kin of the cas­ualties have been notified. 

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The Navy Department also has notified the next of kin of casualties of the USS St. Augustine, gunboat, which was sunk January 6, 1944, in a col­lision with a merchant vessel off Cape May, New Jersey. Thirty members of the ship's company survived.

Loss of the St. Augustine was announced by the Commandant, Fourth Naval District, on January 7, 1944. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 225, JANUARY 13, 1944 

Bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force struck Maloelap Atoll in the Marshalls in the evening of January 11, (West Longitude Date). A small auxiliary vessel was sunk, a medium cargo ship was heavily bombed and may have been sunk, and a large destroyer was damaged. Installations on several of the Atoll's Islands were bombed. Two of six enemy fighters which attacked our planes were believed damaged. All of our planes returned safely.

Planes of the Seventh Army Air Force carried out two attacks on Mille Atoll on January 10 and 11. One of our planes was lost but the crew was saved.

In the early morning of January 12 enemy bombers attacked Tarawa, causing minor damage to installations. Our casualties were minor. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 226, JANUARY 14, 1944 

Aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked installations on Mille Atoll in the Marshall Islands on January 12 (West Longitude Date). There was no enemy fighter opposition. All of our planes returned safely. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 227, JANUARY 15, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force planes attacked Mille Atoll in the Marshall islands in daylight January 13 (West Longitude Date). Buildings in the cantonment were set afire and planes on the ground were damaged by machinegun fire.

Wotje Atoll was raided by Seventh Army Air Force bombers in the evening of January 13. Hits were made on shore facilities and several small craft were damaged.

In the early morning of January 14, our bombers attacked Namur and Roi Islands in the Kwajalein Atoll, setting fire to several installations ashore.

Later in the morning of January 14, Army bombers made a low altitude attack on shipping at Wotje, sinking one medium cargo ship.

No enemy fighter opposition was encountered in these strikes and all of our planes returned safely. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 229, JANUARY 17, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force planes made two daylight raids on Mille Atoll in the Marshall Islands on January 18 (West Longitude Date). In the first attack, two enemy bombers were shot down over the airfield. In the second, carried out in considerable force, ground Installations were heavily machine-gunned. One of our planes was shot down.

On the afternoon of January 15, Seventh Army Air Force bombers made a low altitude attack on Maloelap Atoll. Airfield and fuel storage installa‑ 

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tions were damaged and several planes were hit on the ground. Two cargo ships were bombed and may have been sunk. Approximately 45 enemy fighters were encountered. Two of these were believed shot down. One of our bombers was lost.

Navy search planes sank a small cargo ship at Likiep Atoll and probably sank another small cargo ship at Jaluit Atoll on January 15.

Enemy bombers made three raids on Makin and two at Tarawa the night of January 15. There was no appreciable damage to our installations. Casualties were light. One enemy plane was shot down at Makin. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 231, JANUARY 19, 1944 

Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two attacked Kusaie Island, a Japanese air base southwest of the Marshall Islands, in daylight on January 17 (West Longitude Date), bombing shore facilities.

In the afternoon of January 17 bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Mille Atoll scoring hits on storage facilities and airdrome Instal­lations.

All of our planes returned safely from both operations.

Enemy bombers made a nuisance raid at Tarawa at dusk on January 17 causing no damage. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 232, JANUARY 20, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers made daylight low altitude raids on Mille Atoll in the Marshalls on January 18 and 19 (West Longitude Date).

In the first attack hits were made on gun emplacements, buildings and airdrome installations. One enemy lighter was damaged on the ground.

In the second attack five grounded planes and airdrome installations were hit. Two of our planes were lost.

Seventh Army Air Force fighters attacked shipping at Jaluit Atoll on January 19 damaging two small vessels.

On January 18 Jabor Island was attacked by Dauntless dive bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force.

Fires were started in fuel storage areas. Two of our planes were shot down. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 497, JANUARY 21, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of twelve enemy vessels In operations against the enemy in these areas, as follows 

Sunk:

1 Large Tanker
1 Medium Cargo Transport
1 Small Transport
7 Medium Freighters
2 Small Freighters 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy De­partment communiqué. 

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 233, JANUARY 21, 1944 

Wotje was raided on the afternoon of January 20 (West Longitude Date) by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force. We lost one plane.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two made a low altitude at­tack on Imieji and Tmiet Islands during the morning of January 20. One of our planes was shot down by antiaircraft fire.

A Navy search Liberator of Fleet Air Wing Two damaged an enemy cargo transport near Maloelap on January 19. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 234, JANUARY 22, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force planes struck three atolls in the Marshall Is­lands on January 21 (West Longitude Date).

In the early morning heavy bombers attacked shore installations of Roi and Kwajalein Island in the Kwajalein Atoll.

At midday Mille was attacked by low flying Mitchell bombers which bombed and strafed airfield installation gun emplacements and living spaces and damaged one plane on the ground.

Tmiet and Imieji Island in the Jaluit Atoll were raided in the forenoon by Dauntless dive bombers. Shore facilities were bombed and strafed and three small vessels were damaged.

No fighter opposition was encountered on any of the missions and all of our planes returned. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 498, JANUARY 22, 1944

North Pacific. 

1. On January 21, 1944 (East Longitude Date) two groups of Navy bombers based in the Aleutians bombed Paramushiru Island. 

(a) The first group attacked enemy installations on the southern coast of the island at midnight. Antiaircraft fire was encountered and one enemy fighter ineffectively engaged one of our planes. All planes of this group returned without damage.

(b) The second group, three hours later, bombed enemy installations in the northern part of Paramushiru. No enemy planes were encountered by this group and all U. S. aircraft returned safely. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 499, JANUARY 23, 1944

North Pacific. 

1. On the early morning of January 23 (East Longitude Date) two groups of Navy bombers bombed enemy installations on the south and west coasts of Paramushiru Island. Antiaircraft fire was encountered, but no enemy planes were met. All U. S. planes returned without damage. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 235, JANUARY 24, 1944 

Planes of the Seventh Army Air Force and Fleet Air Wing Two carried out attacks on six atolls in the Marshall Islands during January 22 and 23 (West Longitude Date).

Army medium bombers at midday on January 22 raided Wotje Atoll and 

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Kaven Island in the Maloelap Atoll: At Wotje, a cargo ship and a small oiler were damaged, and airdrome installations were bombed and strafed. There was no fighter opposition, and all of our planes returned safely. At Kaven, bombing and strafing attacks were made on ground installations. Of 25 enemy fighters which intercepted our bombers, two were shot down and a third was crippled. Our losses were small.

In the afternoon of January 22, Imieji Island in the Jaluit Atoll was attacked by Liberators and Navy search Venturas. Bomb hits were scored on installations at the seaplane base, and in the cantonment. No enemy fighter planes were encountered, and all our planes returned safely.

In the evening of January 22 Army heavy bombers struck Mille Atoll and Roi Island in the Kwajalein Atoll. At Roi, airfield facilities were bombed and several grounded bombers were damaged. More than a dozen fighters attacked our planes. Our gunners shot down one and possibly de­stroyed four others. In addition, three enemy planes were damaged. We suffered no losses.

At Mille, bombs were dropped in the cantonment area. No fighter or antiaircraft opposition was encountered.

Navy search planes attacking Ailinglapalap Atoll on January 22 bombed two small vessels, one of which had apparently been beached, and returned to their base without loss.

On January 23, Navy search planes attacked a small convoy near Kwajalein, bombing and severely damaging a large cargo ship. We suffered no losses.

At midday on January 23, two groups of Army Mitchell bombers raided Taroa, in the Maloelap Atoll, bombing and machine gunning airdrome facili­ties and strafing a numbers of small craft. Approximately 25 enemy fighters attacked each group of bombers. Three fighters were shot down, two more were believed shot down, and four were damaged. Damage to our planes was slight. All planes returned to their bases. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 238, JANUARY 25, 1944 

Heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Wotje Atoll in the Marshall Islands at dusk on January 23 (West Longitude Date). Ap­proximately 50 tons of bombs were dropped. No fighter opposition was met, and all of our planes returned without damage. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 239, JANUARY 26, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force and Fleet Air Wing Two aircraft attacked four Marshall Island atolls on January 24 (West Longitude Date). Three of the atolls were raided twice during the day.

Army fighters and dive-bombers made a low altitude morning attack on Mille, striking shore installations with bombs and machine gun fire. No enemy fighters were encountered, and we lost no aircraft. A small scale attack was made on Mille in the evening by heavy bombers. We suffered no losses.

Wotje was attacked by Army Mitchell bombers in the afternoon, with bomb hits on gun emplacements, airfield facilities, and living areas. All planes returned to their base. There was no enemy fighter opposition. A

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small scale heavy bomber attack was also made on Wotje in the evening, with no fighter opposition and no losses to our forces.

Army medium bombers attacked Taroa, in the Maloelap Atoll, bombing airdrome facilities and destroying one fighter on the ground. A total of thirty enemy fighters were encountered, of which at least one was shot down. All of our planes escaped. Army heavy bombers raided Taroa in the evening, dropping over 20 tons of bombs on shore installations. This time there was no fighter opposition, and none of our planes was lost.

A Navy search Liberator encountered three small enemy warships with air cover of five fighters near Ailinglapalap, and shot down three of the fighters. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 240, JANUARY 27, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force aircraft attacked Kwajalein, Maloelap and Mille Atolls in the Marshall Island on January 25 (West Longitude Date). Heavy bombers dropped more than 35 tons of bombs on Kwajalein in a late afternoon raid starting fires among ground installations. No enemy fighters were encountered and we lost no planes.

Medium bombers attacking Taroa in the Maloelap Atoll in mid-afternoon struck airdrome facilities and wrecked one enemy bomber on the ground. Approximately 30 fighters attacked our planes. One of these was shot down, three were possibly shot down and several more damaged. Damage to our planes was moderate and all returned. Mille was attacked by dive bombers and fighters in a mid‑morning raid which caused several fires among ground facilities. There was no fighter opposition and none of our planes was lost.

Navy search planes attacked an oiler escorted by two small ships south­east of Eniwetok Atoll. The oiler was severely damaged and may have been sunk. One of the escorting ships was sunk. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 241, JANUARY 28, 1944 

A force of nine medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Taroa Island in the Maloelap Atoll in the afternoon of January 26 (West Longitude Date). Storage buildings and airdrome facilities were bombed. Eleven of the 20 enemy fighters which attempted to intercept our planes were destroyed, a twelfth was probably shot down.

On retirement our forces were pursued by enemy planes which engaged in a running fight for fifty miles or more. During that period our bombers and fighters shot down five additional planes, including one torpedo plane, and probably destroyed five others of the enemy force. All our planes re­turned.

Medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force made a bombing and strafing attack on Imieji Island in the Jaluit Atoll in the afternoon of Janu­ary 26. We suffered no losses. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 243, JANUARY 28, 1944 

Aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Nauru Island, west of the Gilbert group, and Wotje, Mille, and Maloelap Atolls in the Marshall islands on January 27 (West Longitude Date).

Medium bombers attacked Nauru in a daylight morning raid, bombing ground installations. We suffered no loss. 

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Wotje was attacked in the afternoon by medium bombers. Fires were started among ground facilities. Our losses were light.

Dive bombers and fighters made a late afternoon attack on Mille, bomb­ing and strafing airdrome installations and gun emplacements. One of our bombers was shot down.

Heavy bombers dropped more than 20 tons of bombs on Taroa, in the Maloelap Atoll, at dusk, causing damage in the cantonment area. All of our planes returned. No fighter opposition was encountered by our forces in these attacks. 

JANUARY 28, 1944 

GERMAN U‑BOAT SUNK IN ATLANTIC AFTER  27‑HOUR CARRIER‑PLANE‑DESTROYER BATTLE 

A German U‑boat has been sunk in the Atlantic Ocean, after a 27‑hour battle, in which planes from an escort carrier and destroyers of its Task Force played vital roles.

The undersea craft was sighted by two of the carrier's planes, and the submarine fought back vigorously during the course of the lengthy battle which ensued. More than 200 depth charges were dropped during the fight. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 25, JANUARY 29, 1944 

Pacific Fleet carrier task forces have made attacks on Marshall Island bases today, including Taroa, Wotje, and Kwajalein. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 500, JANUARY 31, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of fourteen enemy vessels in operations against the enemy in these areas, as follows: 

Sunk:

2 large transports
1 medium transport
1 medium tanker
1 medium naval auxiliary
1 small freighter
1 medium cargo transport
7 medium freighters 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Departmen­t Communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 26, JANUARY 31, 1944 

Our carrier task forces today continued their attacks on Kwajalein, Roi, Maloelap and Wotje.

During the day surface forces bombarded the same objectives while car­riers extended their operations to include bombing of Eniwetok. 

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 244, JANUARY 31, 1944 

During the night of January 28 and 29 (West Longitude Date) Liber­ators and Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force and search Liberators and Mariners of Fleet Air Wing Two carried out operations against Wotje, Kwajalein, Jaluit, and Maloelap Atolls.

Army heavy bombers dropped more than 27 tons on Wotje, a total of 17 tons on Roi and Kwajalein Islands and 3 tons on Jaluit.

No fighter or antiaircraft opposition was encountered.

A Navy Mariner Patrol Plane bombed Taroa during the night without opposition. A flight of Navy search planes over Taroa in the afternoon of January 28 was attacked by nearly a dozen fighters of which at least two were shot down and three others damaged. We suffered no losses.

Army medium bombers attacking Taroa the same afternoon bombed air­drome and cantonment structures, damaged 11 planes on the ground and set fire to a small craft. Six fighters attacked our planes and one fighter was damaged. Our losses were light. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 245, JANUARY 31, 1944 

Aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force and search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two made attacks on principal Marshall Island bases during the night of January 29‑30 (West Longitude Dates). These raids were coordinated with the attacks of carrier‑based squadrons of the past two days.

In the evening of January 29, Army Mitchell bombers struck shore in­stallations and small craft at Maloelap and Wotje, while Army Dauntless dive bombers and Warhawk fighters struck Imieji Island in the Jaluit Atoll. No enemy fighters were encountered, and antiaircraft was ineffectual.

During the night Army Liberators dropped 45 tons of bombs on Kwaja­lein Atoll, and nearly 10 tons on Wotje. Liberators and Navy Catalina and Ventura search planes struck Mille and Taroa with a total of 21 tons of bombs, and a single Liberator hit Jaluit with an additional three tons. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 246, JANUARY 31, 1944 

Two squadrons of Coronado seaplanes of Fleet Air Wing Two made a strong attack on Wake Island during the night of January 30‑31 (West Longitude Date). All bombs hit in or near the target area and no planes were lost. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 27, FEBRUARY 1, 1944 

Powerful forces of all types, commanded by Vice Admiral R. A. Spruance, U. S. Navy, have begun operations the objective of which is the capture of the Marshall Islands.

Following intensive preparatory bombardment of enemy installations by carrier‑based aircraft and by battleships and light surface units, Army and Marine assault forces have initially established beachheads on islands in the vicinity of Roi and Kwajalein Islands, in Kwajalein Atoll. Installations on Wotje and Maloelap Atolls were heavily bombarded by carrier aircraft and by surface forces.

All amphibious operations are commanded by Rear Admiral R. K. Turner, 

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U. S. Navy. The assault troops are directed by Major General H. M. Smith, USMC. The landing attacks in the Roi Island area are being made by troops of the Fourth Marine Division, commanded by Major General Harry Schmidt, USMC. The landings are being effected in the Kwajalein Island area by troops of the Seventh Infantry Division, commanded by Major Gene­ral Charles H. Corlett, U. S. Army.

Strong opposition is being encountered in both assault areas. Initial information indicates that our casualties are moderate.

Supporting air attacks are being made at Kwajalein, Maloelap, Wotje, Mille, Jaluit, Eniwetok and Wake by carrier task forces commanded by Rear Admiral M. H. Mitscher, U. S. Navy, by units of the Seventh Army Air Force, commanded by Major General Willis H. Hale, U. S. Army, and by Units of Fleet Air Wing Two commanded by Rear Admiral John D. Price, J. S. Navy. All shore‑based aircraft in the Gilberts are operating under the direction of Commander Aircraft, Central Pacific Force, Rear Admiral John H. Hoover, U. S. Navy. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 247, FEBRUARY 1, 1944 

The following information supplementing that contained in Communiqués Number 25 and Number 26 is available concerning Naval air strikes in the Marshall Islands and at Wake Island on January 29 and 30 (West Longitude Date):

In the attack on Taroa Island on January 29 our carrier‑based aircraft shot down four enemy planes and destroyed or damaged 39 others on the ground. In the attack on Wotje, one enemy plane was shot down and fuel and ammunition storage leas were set on fire. Large explosions were observed in the ammunition dump. Our reported losses in the Taroa and Wotje strikes were comparatively minor. Several pilots were rescued.

On January 30 our carrier planes attacking Roi Island, shot down 18 enemy planes and machine‑gunned and bombed 51 others on the ground airdrome facilities, gasoline storage tanks, magazines, and gun positions were heavily hit. Here also our losses were minor.

Our Coronados which raided Wake on the night of January 30‑31 dropped more than 20 tons of bombs on runway and ground installations, starting large fires. Antiaircraft was light and no fighter opposition was encountered. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 248, FEBRUARY 1, 1944 

Twenty‑two planes of a squadron of 23 Marine Corsair fighters failed to reach their destination in a routine flight from Gilbert Islands to a base in the Ellice Islands on January 25 (West Longitude Date), when they ran into a severe local weather disturbance.

One plane reached base safely, one made a crash landing on another island in the Ellice group, and the remainder, as far as is known, landed at sea.

Search operations were started immediately, and all but six of the pilots are safe. One body has been recovered and five of the pilots are missing. their next of kin have been notified.

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 28, FEBRUARY 2, 1944 

Our forces have captured Roi Island.

Landings have been made on Kwajalein and Namur Islands and the action is progressing favorably. On Namur the enemy has been contained in the extreme northern portion of the island, and at Kwajalein our troops are firmly established and are pushing the enemy back.

Continuous bombardments of beaches by our warships, planes, and land-­based artillery enabled our forces to make landings on the three principal objectives with little resistance.

We have suffered no Naval losses and casualties are very moderate. It is now apparent that the attack took the enemy completely by surprise. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 29, FEBRUARY 3, 1944 

Our forces have captured Namur and several adjacent islands.

Resistance continues on Kwajalein Island, but we have landed troops and mechanized equipment in force and are proceeding with the annihilation of the enemy. 

FEBRUARY 3, 1944 

BRITISH AND AMERICAN DESTROYERS ACCOUNT FOR ANOTHER U‑BOAT 

Close cooperation between the British destroyer HMS Calpe and the United States destroyer USS Wainwright resulted in the destruction of a German U‑boat recently, in the Mediterranean.

Earlier, Allied aircraft had conducted a search for 36 hours which was credited with materially hampering the submarine's activities.

There was relative calm, after the tumult of gun battle, for at the actual sinking not a shot was fired—and the Commanding Officer of the Wainwright abandoned his plan to ram the U‑boat, when he saw that it was in its death throes.

A white sea serpent was painted on either side of the German craft's conning tower, but beyond that, there was no identification mark visible.

Commander Walter W. Strohbehn, United States Navy, 36, 904 West Sixth Street, Davenport, Iowa, Commanding Officer of the Wainwright, reported to Admiral Ernest J. King, United States Navy; Commander in Chief, United States Fleet, that 36 hours of harassing the U‑boat received from the constant air search accounted for the submarine's slow speed and sluggish evasive maneuvers. Commander Strohbehn complimented the United States Army Air Forces for its part in keeping the submarine hampered.

The Calpe made a sound contact with the submarine at 8:16 a.m. From then on the surface hunt went forward persistently, as eyes and ears were alert for the German craft.

About 2:47 p.m., the submarine surfaced, under the unremitting depth charge attacks by the British and American destroyers. The U‑boat was en­gaged by gunfire, but the battle waned when it was observed that the undersea craft was about to sink. The Commanding Officer of the American destroyer planned to ram the submarine, but abandoned this, when it was observed that the U‑boat was doomed.

The submarine sank at 3 :08 p.m.

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Commander Strohbehn wrote in his official report that it was "a pleasure to work with" the British warship. He declared: 

"She turned in a polished performance, always being in the proper place, always being ready and she was quick to grasp the intentions of this ship."

The Commander of the American Destroyer Squadron to which the at­tacking United States vessel was attached—Captain James P. Clay, United States Navy, 43, 3060 Porter Street, Northwest, Washington, D. C.—attributed the victory over the German craft to the fine teamwork between the British and American warships—despite the fact that no prior joint drills had been held.

The British Admiralty officially extended its congratulations for the sink­ing of the enemy craft. The Commanding Officer of the Calpe was Lieutenant Commander H. Kirkwood, Royal Navy.

Vice Admiral Henry K. Hewitt, United States Navy, Commander of the United States Naval Forces in Northwest African Waters, likewise compli­mented those who took part in the destruction of the U‑boat. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 501, FEBRUARY 4, 1944

North Pacific. 

On the night of February 2‑3, two Navy Catalinas from the Aleutian Islands bombed enemy installations on the southeast coast of Paramushiru. Results of the bombing were not observed. No enemy planes were encountered. Both of our planes returned. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 502, FEBRUARY 4, 1944

South Atlantic. 

1. Within the space of 48 hours early in January, three German blockade runners, heavily laden with vital war materials, were sent to the bottom of the South Atlantic by surface forces of the United States Navy operating under the command of Vice Admiral Jonas Ingram, USN.

2. The enemy ships sunk were the Burgenland, Rio Grande and Weser­land, en route from Far Eastern Japanese‑held ports. Their holds were filled with thousands of tons of rubber, tin, fats and strategic ores.

3. The blockade runners were sunk by the USS Somers, destroyer, and the light cruiser Omaha and the destroyer Jouett. A large number of prisoners were picked up following the sinkings. In two of the sinkings, Navy search planes found the enemy ships and called for the surface force to complete their destruction. The Weserland fell to the Somers alone while the other two were scuttled by their crews and their sinking hastened by gunfire from the Omaha and the Jouett.

4. Summoned by planes, the Somers found her target in the darkness of early morning and, on identifying the vessel as hostile, opened fire with her main battery of five‑inch guns. The first salvo hit the Weserland, forcing the crew to abandon ship. The destroyer then sank the vessel after internal explosions were set of by the crew as they left. Survivors were picked up at daylight.

5. A scouting plane from the Omaha and a lookout in the ship's foretop were the first to sight the Rio Grande. As the Omaha and the Jouett closed to investigate the stranger she burst into smoke and flame, the result of

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demolition charges placed by the crew. The two American warships fired six-inch and five‑inch shells into the blockade runner and she soon sank.

6. On the following day the Omaha and Jouett found the Burgenland. As the U. S. warships approached, a similar scene to that enacted by the Rio Grande took place. However, destruction was completed as in the former case by shell fire.

7. Hundreds of tons of baled rubber found floating amid the debris after the sinkings were recovered and are now on their way to the United States 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 30, FEBRUARY 4, 1944 

Operations at the Kwajalein Atoll continue satisfactorily.

Our forces have landed on Ebeye, north of Kwajalein Island. The landing was unopposed but resistance was encountered a short distance inland from the beach. We have now occupied half the island.

Two small islands between Kwajalein and Ebeye have been occupied following neutralization of moderate opposition. Gugegwe and Loi Islands, north of Ebeye, have been taken under attack by bombing and Naval gunfire, and the enemy is answering our fire.

Resistance on Kwajalein Island continues, but progress is being made. Our casualties continue to be moderate. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 31, FEBRUARY 5, 1944 

Kwajalein, Ebeye, and Loi Islands have been captured by our forces. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 253, FEBRUARY 5, 1944 

Carrier‑based aircraft attacked Eniwetok Atoll on February 3 (West Longitude Date), dropping many tons of bombs on the airfield and nearby tanks. Two enemy planes were destroyed on the ground.

Warhawk fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force machine‑gunned and bombed Mille Atoll on February 3. On the same day Army Ventura medium bombers sank a small freighter and dumped bombs on Imieji Island in the Jaluit Atoll. We suffered no casualties in either raid.

Wake Island was bombed on the night of February 4‑5 by two squadrons of Coronados of Fleet Air Wing Two. None of our planes was lost. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 32, FEBRUARY 6, 1944 

Occupation of the Kwajalein Atoll is nearly complete.

Gugegwe, Bigej, and Ebler Islands have been captured after moderate resistance, and several additional undefended islands occupied. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 254, FEBRUARY 6, 1944 

Carrier‑based aircraft struck Eniwetok on February 5 (West Longitude Date). No further information is presently available.

On the same day Warhawk fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force hit Jaluit, bombing and strafing ground installations. 

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On February 4 Seventh Army Air Force Liberators and Mitchell bombers dropped bombs on Wotje, starting large fires among ground facilities. Mitchells and Liberators hit airdrome installations and gun emplacements at Maloelap, and Liberators and Warhawks struck Mille.

No fighter opposition was encountered in these raids, and all of our planes returned to their bases.

On February 3, Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed radio facilities and ground installations at Wotje, Ujelang and Taroa Island. None of our planes was lost. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 503, FEBRUARY 7, 1944

North Pacific. 

1. At 10:00 p.m. February 4 (Tokyo Time) U. S. Naval surface units bombarded enemy installations on the south and east coast of Paramushiru. A number of fires were started, and one unidentified enemy ship was hit and beached. Enemy coastal guns returned fire, but U. S. units sustained no damage.

2. During the same night a flight of our aircraft bombed Paramushiru and Shimushu. All U. S. planes returned. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 255, FEBRUARY 7, 1944 

The following details regarding casualties in the assault on Kwajalein Atoll have been compiled on the basis of reports received as of the evening of February 6 (West Longitude Date)

In the Southern Attack Force, which captured Kwajalein Island and adjacent objectives, our dead number 157, our wounded 712, our missing 17. In the same area the enemy dead number 4,650, enemy prisoners 173.

In the Northern Attack Force, which captured Roi and Namu Islands and adjacent objectives, our dead number 129, our wounded 436, our missing 65. In the same area the enemy dead number 3,472, enemy prisoners 91.

It is expected final figures will vary only slightly from the above. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 504, FEBRUARY 8, 1944 

1. The U. S. Submarine Cisco and the U. S. Submarine S-44, are overdue from patrol and must be presumed to be lost.

2. The next of kin of personnel in the Cisco and the S‑44 have been so informed. 

FEBRUARY 8, 1944 

NAVY CONSOLIDATED CATALINA SINKS GERMAN U‑BOAT. 

Struck by heavy flak from the antiaircraft guns of a Nazi submarine, while still a considerable distance from her target, a United States Navy Consolidated Catalina kept straight on her course to make a definite "kill" of the U‑boat, in the South Atlantic some months ago.

Survivors of the U‑boat sinking were subsequently rescued by the USS Siren, a converted yacht acting as a patrol vessel, after they had been adrift 

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in the ocean for some 16 days in life rafts dropped by the Naval flyers at the time of the submarine's sinking. The USS Siren is commanded by Lieuten­ant Commander Charles K. Post, USNR, 47, of Bayport, Long Island, New York. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 33, FEBRUARY 8, 1944 

1. Organized resistance on Kwajalein Atoll has ceased and its capture and occupation have been completed. 

JOINT STATEMENT, FEBRUARY 9, 1944 

The following Joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti­submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

"The year 1944 has opened with a very satisfactory first month for the Allies in their continued campaign against the U‑boat.

"In spite of the limited opportunities to attack U‑boats owing to the extreme caution now exercised by them, more were destroyed in January than in December. This has been accomplished by unrelenting offensive action of our surface and air forces.

"The amount of merchant ship tonnage sunk by U‑boats during Janu­ary 1944 is amongst the lowest monthly figures for the whole war.

"The German claims should, as usual, be ignored as they are grossly exaggerated and issued purely for propaganda purposes." 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 258, FEBRUARY 9, 1944 

Aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force, search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and warships of the Pacific Fleet continued attacks on enemy‑held atolls in the Marshall Islands on February 6 and 7 (West Longitude Date).

Several small enemy boats were sunk at Jaluit Atoll on February 6, by search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 261, FEBRUARY 9, 1944 

The USS Burns, a destroyer commanded by Lieutenant Commander Donald T. Eller, sank an entire convoy of four enemy ships in the Marshall Islands area on January 31 (West Longitude Date).

The Burns was attached to a carrier task force and was sent to rescue Navy fliers forced down at sea. Returning toward the task force, she en­countered a tanker, a medium cargo vessel, and two smaller craft, and sank all with gunfire. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 263, FEBRUARY 10, 1944 

Air attacks on enemy‑held islands in the Central Pacific continued during February 7, 8, and 9 (West Longitude Date).

On the night of February 8‑9, Coronado bombers of Fleet Air Wing Two 

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raided Wake, with bomb hits on the airdrome and barracks areas. All of our planes returned safely.

During February 7, Seventh Army Air Force Warhawk fighters and Mitchell medium bombers dropped 33 tons of bombs on enemy bases in the Marshall Islands without loss or casualties to our forces.

On February 8, Seventh Army Air Force Warhawk fighters, Dauntless dive bombers and Liberators dropped 24 tons of bombs on Marshall Islands targets.

On February 9 Army Liberators dropped a total of 57 tons of bombs on Marshall Atolls.

During the same period covered by these raids, units of the Pacific Fleet shelled two enemy‑held atolls in the Marshalls while Navy search planes carried out individual bombing and strafing missions. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 505, FEBRUARY 11, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the following results of operations against the enemy in these waters: 

Sunk:

1 large auxiliary.
2 medium transports.
1 medium cargo transport.
2 large tankers.
5 medium freighters.
1 small freighter.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 266, FEBRUARY 11, 1944 

Wake Island was attacked by Coronado bombers of Fleet Air Wing Two on February 10 (West Longitude Date). This was the second attack on Wake within two days. We suffered no loss.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators, Mitchells, Dauntless dive-bombers and Warhawk fighters continued raids against enemy‑held Marshall Islands atolls during February 10. The Liberators dropped 72 tons of bombs in the target areas, the Mitchells 13 tons and the dive‑bombers and fighters more than 15 tons, in addition to their heavy strafing. No fighter opposition was en­countered in any of these raids.

Our warships bombarded an important enemy‑held atoll in the Marshalls group without drawing return fire. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 270, FEBRUARY 14, 1944 

Pacific Fleet carrier‑based aircraft attacked Eniwetok Atoll on February 10, 11, and 12 (West Longitude Date). Airdrome and other ground Installa­tions were heavily bombed. There was no fighter opposition, and no antiair­craft fire was encountered.

Carrier planes attacked Ujae Atoll before dawn on February 12, damag­ing ground facilities. 

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On the same day, Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers, Dauntless dive bombers and Airacobra fighters attacked three enemy‑held atolls in the Marshall Islands dropping bombs and strafing with machine guns and cannon. Navy search planes made small scale bombing attacks on Ujelang and Utirik Atolls.

Small force of enemy bombers raided Roi Island in the Kwajalein Atoll during the night of February 11 and 12. Our damage and casualties were moderate. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 271, FEBRUARY 16, 1944 

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Ponape in considerable force at noon February 14 (West Longitude Date). More than 55 tons of bombs were dropped, principally on shore installations. A small cargo ship was sunk in the harbor. There was no fighter opposition and all of our planes returned to base.

Liberators, Mitchells, Dauntless dive bombers and Warhawk fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force and search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two con­tinued attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshall Islands during February 14‑15, bombing installations on five atolls.

Gjit Island, in the eastern Marshall Islands, was attacked by a Navy search plane on February 14. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 34, FEBRUARY 17, 1944 

At daylight yesterday morning, February 16, (West Longitude Date), powerful Naval task forces of the U. S. Pacific Fleet commenced an attack on the Japanese Naval base at Truk with several hundred of our planes par­ticipating. No further details available. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 35, FEBRUARY 18, 1944 

The capture of Eniwetok Atoll has been undertaken by forces of the Pacific Ocean Areas. Army and Marine assault troops have landed and estab­lished beachheads.

The initial landings took place after strong preliminary attacks by car­rier‑based aircraft and by heavy ships of the Pacific Fleet.

The troops went ashore under the cover of battleship gunfire and with the close support of low flying Naval aircraft.

All forces participating are under the immediate command of Rear Admiral R. K. Turner. The amphibious forces are commanded by Rear Admiral H. W. Hill. The assault troops comprising the Twenty‑second Marines and elements of the One Hundred and Sixth Army Infantry are commanded by Brigadier General T. E. Watson, USMC. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 506, FEBRUARY 19, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. Two U. S. submarines recently returned from patrols deep in Japanese Empire waters report sinking 13 enemy merchant ships totaling 68,200 tons.

2. These sinkings have not been reported in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 36, FEBRUARY 19, 1944 

Our forces have captured the enemy air base at Engebi and several other Islands in the northern portion of the Eniwetok Atoll. Preliminary reports Indicate our casualties have been light.

Assaults on other portions of the atoll are proceeding according to schedule. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 273, FEBRUARY 19, 1944 

Supplementing the major attacks on Truk and Eniwetok, our forces have continued to neutralize other enemy bases in the Central Pacific Area.

On February 16 (West Longitude Date) Liberators, Dauntless dive bombers, and Warhawk fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked four atolls in the Eastern Marshall Islands. At one base Warhawks blew up a fuel dump, damaged a small cargo ship, and sank three small craft. On the same day search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed ground installations at two other atolls.

On February 17, Army Liberators bombed warehouses and docks at Ponape, and harbor installations at Kusaie. Army Liberators and Warhawks attacked an Eastern Marshalls base, and Navy search planes bombed and strafed installations at two other atolls.

Between February 14‑18 our warships repeatedly shelled important enemy positions in the Eastern Marshalls. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 37, FEBRUARY 20, 1944 

The Pacific Fleet has returned at Truk the visit made by the Japanese Fleet at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, and effected a partial settlement of the debt. Initial approach was undetected.

During attacks on February 16 and 17 (West Longitude Date) our carrier planes destroyed at least 201 enemy aircraft, 127 of which were shot down in combat. More than fifty additional enemy aircraft were damaged on the ground. There was no enemy air opposition on the second day of the attack.

Enemy surface ships sunk included two light cruisers, three destroyers, one ammunition ship, one seaplane tender, two oilers, two gunboats, and eight cargo ships. Additional enemy ships probably sunk included one cruiser or large destroyer, two oilers, and four cargo ships.

Shore facilities on the principal islands, including airdrome runways and installations, were thoroughly bombed and strafed.

Our losses were 17 planes. None of our ships was lost, but one sustained moderate damage.

Admiral R. A. Spruance, U. S. Navy, was in over‑all command of the operation and Rear Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, U. S. Navy, former command­ing officer of the Hornet, directed the carrier air attack. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 274, FEBRUARY 20, 1944 

Aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force and Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two continued bombing attacks on enemy positions in the Marshall and Caroline Islands during February 18 (West Longitude Date). 

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Army Liberators bombed docks and shipping at Kusaie, sinking a small ship.

Army Warhawks and Navy Ventura and Liberator search planes attacked four Marshall atolls, scoring hits on ground installations, an airfield and a radio station.

None of our planes was lost. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 38, FEBRUARY 21, 1944 

Our forces have landed on Eniwetok Island. Have possession of the west­ern half of the island. The attack is being carried out by elements of the 106th Infantry supplemented by a unit of the 22nd Marines.

Except for Parry Island, the remainder of the Atoll is in our hands.

Our casualties continue to be light. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 39, FEBRUARY 21, 1944 

Our forces have captured Eniwetok Island. Enemy resistance has been stubborn, and small pockets of troops are yet to be overcome. Parry Island is being heavily attacked by our air and surface forces.

Preliminary reports indicate that our over‑all casualties in the capture of the Eniwetok Atoll as of last night are approximately 150 dead and 350 wounded. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 275, FEBRUARY 21, 1944 

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four attacked Paramushiru and Shimushu Islands in the Kuriles during the night of February 19 and 20, (West Longitude Date). More than five tons of bombs were dropped. Anti­aircraft fire was encountered at all targets, but all of our planes returned safely to base.

Army Warhawk fighters and Mitchell bombers and Navy Ventura search planes on February 19 dropped twenty‑four tons of bombs on three Marshall Atolls, damaging airfields, strafing shipping and hitting ground installations.

Ships of the Pacific Fleet bombarded enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands on February 19. 

FEBRUARY 20, 1941 

U. S. NAVAL COMMANDS NAMED 

Rear Admiral Alan Goodrich Kirk, USN, has been named Commander of the United States Task Force, operating as part of the Combined Naval Force in England.

In addition, Rear Admiral John Lesslie Hall, Jr., USN, and Rear Admiral John Wilkes, USN, have been placed in command of units of Rear Admiral Kirk's Task Force.

Admiral Harold R. Stark, USN, is the Commander of all United States Naval Forces in the United Kingdom Area. 

117

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 40, FEBRUARY 23, 1944 

1. The conquest of Eniwetok Atoll was completed on the evening of Feb­ruary 22 (West Longitude Date) with the capture of Parry Island.

The enemy garrison which defended the atoll is estimated at 3,000.

2. A strong Pacific Fleet Task Force, including several hundred carrier-based aircraft, struck Saipan and Tinian Islands in the Mariana Group, on February 22 (West Longitude Date). Further details are not now available. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 281, FEBRUARY 25, 1944 

1. The following information has been received supplementing Communiqué No. 40: 

Our task force commanded by Rear Admiral Marc A. Mitscher was de­tected approaching Tinian and Saipan in the afternoon of February 21 (West Longitude Date).

Attacks on our ships were carried out continuously during the night and the morning of February 22 by enemy land‑based torpedo planes and bombers. Fourteen of the attacking planes were shot down by our antiaircraft fire and five more were shot down by our air patrols.

In spite of the persistent and continuing attacks, our carriers launched their planes according to schedule.

Two attacks were carried out in force against the principal targets, and a smaller raid was made at Guam. A total of 29 enemy planes were shot down over the targets, and an additional 87 planes were wrecked on the ground. A total of 135 enemy aircraft was destroyed.

Few enemy ships were found; one cargo ship was sunk, another was severely damaged and apparently beached, and another was set afire. One patrol craft was blown up and seven other small ships were damaged. Small boats in the harbor areas were strafed.

Runways, seaplane aprons, and other airdrome facilities, fuel dumps and buildings were heavily bombed and strafed.

Our losses were six planes. None of our ships was sunk or damaged. 

2. On February 23 (West Longitude Date) Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed wharves, radio facilities, and the cantonment area at Kusaie. On the same day Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Kusaie dock areas, sinking one ship and damaging another. In addi­tion a hit was made on an ammunition dump, which exploded.

Army Mitchell bombers, Warhawk fighters, and Navy search Venturas bombed and strafed ground installations on four enemy‑held atolls in the Western Marshall Islands. Although several planes were damaged, all re­turned to their base. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 276, FEBRUARY 23, 1944 

Enemy‑held positions in the Caroline and Marshall Islands were attacked by aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force and search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two during February 21 and 22 (West Longitude Date).

On February 21, Army Liberators dropped 30 tons of bombs on Ponape and bombed Kusaie twice with a total of 6 tons of bombs. Fires were started in the harbor areas of both targets. Nauru Island was also bombed by a Navy search Ventura.

On the same date, Army Mitchell bombers, Warhawk fighters and Navy 

118 

search planes struck five enemy‑held Marshall Atolls, hitting ground installations, airfields and shipping.

On February 22, Army Warhawk fighters twice attacked a single enemy-held atoll in the Marshall Group, strafing small vessels in the harbor and bombing the airfield.

None of our planes was lost.

On February 21 an atoll in the Eastern Marshalls, which is still occupied by the enemy was bombarded by ships of the Pacific Fleet. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 277, FEBRUARY 24, 1944 

Carrier based planes of the Pacific Fleet twice attacked an enemy‑held atoll in the Marshall Islands on February 20 (West Longitude Date).

More than thirty tons of bombs were dropped on three islands of the atoll. On the first island, fires were started in two hangars, a radio station was demolished, barracks and ammunition storage areas were hit. On the second, ground installations were bombed and strafed. On the third, dock areas, radio facilities and a power station were hit.

Although several of our planes were damaged by antiaircraft fire, none was shot down. There was no fighter interception. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 286, FEBRUARY 27, 1944 

1. A study of reconnaissance photographs of Truk has revealed total dam­age to shipping greater than was originally announced.

The photographs disclose that 23 ships were sunk, six probably sunk, and eleven damaged; earlier reports had indicated 19 sunk, seven probably sunk and none damaged.

2. On February 25 and 26 (West Longitude Date) enemy bases in the Central Pacific area were attacked by aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force and Fleet Air Wing Two.

On the 25th, Army Liberators dropped 30 tons of bombs on Ponape, scoring hits on docks, airdrome installations, a gasoline dump, and a cargo ship.

On the same day Army Mitchells and Warhawks and Navy Venturas at­tacked four enemy‑held Marshall Island bases. An Army Liberator bombed Kusaie and a Navy search plane bombed Nauru.

On the 26th Army Mitchells and Warhawks, and Navy Venturas attacked three enemy‑held atolls in the Marshalls. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 507, FEBRUARY 29, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 14 enemy vessels in operations in these waters, as follows: 

1 large tanker
1 medium cargo transport
1 small cargo vessel
11 medium cargo vessels 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

119

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 287, FEBRUARY 29, 1944 

Aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force and search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on February 26 and 27 (West Longitude Date) bombed and machine­-gunned Japanese‑held positions in the Caroline and Marshall Islands.

Army Liberator bombers hit Ponape with 30 tons of bombs on February 27, causing fires and explosions. Navy search planes strafed dock areas and a small ship at Kusaie on February 26.

Nearly 50 tons of bombs were dropped on seven enemy‑held atolls in the Marshall Islands on February 27 by Army Liberator and Mitchell bombers, Army Warhawk fighters, Army Dauntless dive‑bombers and Navy search Venturas.

Several of our planes were damaged by antiaircraft fire, but all returned to their base. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 290, MARCH 1, 1944 

Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed installations on Wake Island on the afternoon of February 28 (West Longitude Date).

The attack was made at extremely low altitude. Airdrome installations were bombed, and six planes on the ground were destroyed or severely dam­aged. All of our planes returned safely to base.

A single Navy search plane bombed Nauru on February 28.

On the same day Mitchell bombers and Warhawk fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force and Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two attacked three enemy­-held bases in the Eastern Marshall Islands. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 291, MARCH 2, 1944 

Aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force continued to bomb enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands on February 29 (West Longitude Date).

Army Liberator and Mitchell bombers dropped nearly 80 tons of bombs on four airfields, while Army Warhawk fighters hit warehouses on one of the Islands.

Antiaircraft fire was negligible and none of our planes was damaged. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 292, MARCH 3, 1944 

1. A small force of Ventura bombers of Fleet Air Wing Four attacked Paramushiru and Shimushu in the Kurile Islands on the morning of March 2 West Longitude Date). Five tons of bombs were dropped. There was no interception, and no damage was suffered from the sporadic antiaircraft fire encountered. All planes returned to their bases.

2. Mitchell bombers, Dauntless dive bombers and Warhawk fighters of he Seventh Army Air Force and Ventura bombers of Fleet Air Wing Two attacked three enemy‑held bases in the Eastern Marshall Islands on March 1 West Longitude Date), dropping a total of 28 tons of bombs. On the same lay, Navy search planes attacked Ponape with bombs and machine‑gun fire. Our planes returned safely from all of these operations. 

120

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 293, MARCH 4, 1944 

Army Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on March 2 (West Longitude Date) dropped approximately 8 tons of bombs on runways and buildings at Ponape, and attacked shipping and dock areas at Kusaie.

Army Mitchell bombers and Navy search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two on the same date attacked two enemy‑held positions in the Eastern Marshall Islands with 17 tons of bombs, hitting airfields and starting fires.

Although some antiaircraft fire was encountered, all of our planes re­turned safely. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 294, MARCH 5, 1944 

Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force and Search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two attacked Ponape and Kusaie in the Carolines on March 3 (West Longitude Date). Harbor and ground installations at Ponape were hit with 23 tons of bombs, while warehouses at Kusaie were set afire.

Navy search Venturas, Army Liberator and Mitchell bombers dropped ap­proximately 23 tons of bombs on four enemy‑held atolls in the Eastern Mar­shalls on the same date.

Several of our planes suffered minor damage from antiaircraft fire, but all returned to their bases. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 295, MARCH 6, 1944 

Aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force and Fleet Air Wing Two attacked three enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands on March 4 (West Longi­tude Date).

Army Mitchell bombers and Dauntless dive bombers, Navy Hellcat fighters and Ventura search bombers dropped approximately 35 tons of bombs and strafed ground installations. Fires were started and explosions were observed. Antiaircraft fire was encountered, but all of our planes returned safely. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 297, MARCH 7, 1944 

Seven enemy‑held positions in the Central Pacific were attacked by air­craft of the Seventh Army Air Force and Fleet Air Wing Two on March 5 (West Longitude Date).

Army Liberator bombers dropped approximately 30 tons of bombs on Ponape and Kusaie, damaging ground installations, aviation facilities and harbor areas. Heavy explosions were seen near the airfield at Ponape. Navy search Liberators also bombed Nauru.

Army Mitchell bombers, Dauntless dive‑bombers, Warhawk fighters, Navy Hellcats and search Venturas bombed and strafed four enemy‑held atolls in the Eastern Marshalls with approximately 35 tons of bombs.

Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. Two Hellcats failed to return to their base. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 299, MARCH 8, 1944 

1. Navy search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four on the evening of March 5‑6 (West Longitude Date) bombed Paramushiru. Heavy antiaircraft fire was encountered in some areas. All of our planes returned. 

121

2. Army Liberator and Mitchell bombers, Dauntless dive bombers and Warhawk fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force, and Navy search Venturas and Hellcat fighters of Fleet Air Wing Two on March 6, (West Longitude Date) dropped 31 tons of bombs on four enemy‑held positions in the eastern Marshall Islands. Airfields were hit and fires were started. Several of our planes were damaged by antiaircraft fire, but all returned to their bases. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 508, MARCH 9, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported sinking sixteen vessels in operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows: 

1 small cargo vessel
9 medium cargo vessels
2 medium transports
2 medium cargo transports
1 large tanker
1 large cargo transport 

2. These actions have not been announced by any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 301, MARCH 9, 1944 

1. On March 8, 1944, (West Longitude Date) enemy planes raided our positions in Eniwetok Atoll, causing small damage.

2. Army Liberator and Mitchell bombers, Dauntless dive bombers and Warhawk fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force and Navy search Venturas and Hellcat fighters of Fleet Air Wing Two on March 7, 1944 (West Longitude Date) dropped 37 tons of bombs on five enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands. Barracks and runways were hit and fires started. A coastal vessel was bombed and five wooden barges strafed. Several of our planes were damaged by antiaircraft fire but all returned to their bases.

3. A Navy search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two shot down a Japanese naval medium bomber between Eniwetok and Truk. 

JOINT STATEMENT, MARCH 9, 1944 

ALLIED SHIP LOSSES AT A RECORD LOW 

The joint Anglo‑American statement, issued under the authority of the President and Prime Minister, follows: 

"Despite the increasing traffic of United Nations shipping in the Atlantic, February, 1944, was the lowest month as to tonnage of Allied mer­chant ship losses to enemy U‑boat action since the United States entered the war, and February was the second lowest month of the entire war.

"Again there were more U‑boats destroyed than merchant vessels sunk, so the exchange rate remains favorable to the United Nations. In actual numbers a few more U‑boats were sunk in February than in January." 

122

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 302, MARCH 10, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators attacked Ponape and Kusaie in the Caroline Islands on March 8 (West Longitude Date). Airdrome and dock facilities at Ponape were bombed, and ground installations were hit at Kusaie.

On the same day four enemy bases in the Eastern Marshall Islands were attacked by Army and Marine aircraft including Mitchell bombers, Dauntless dive bombers and Warhawk fighters, and by Ventura bombers of Fleet Air Wing Two. Airfields and gun emplacements were principal targets.

There was no fighter interception on any of these raids, and damage from antiaircraft was slight. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 304, MARCH 11, 1944 

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Ponape and Kusaie Islands on March 9 (West Longitude Date). Explosions and fires were ob­served among ground installations at Ponape, and waterfront facilities were hit at Kusaie.

Two enemy bases in the Eastern Marshall Islands were attacked by Army and Marine aircraft, including Mitchells and Dauntless dive bombers, and another was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two.

No fighter interception was encountered in any of these attacks, and only slight damage was suffered from antiaircraft fire. All of our planes returned to base. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 305, MARCH 12, 1944 

Three enemy bases in the Eastern Marshall Islands were attacked on March 10 (West Longitude Date) by Marine and Seventh Army Air Force aircraft, including Mitchell bombers, Dauntless dive bombers, and Warhawk fighters. On the same day Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two attacked another Eastern Marshall base. There was no fighter intercep­tion on any of these raids and despite moderate antiaircraft fire all planes returned safely to base. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 306, MARCH 12, 1944 

A small amphibious unit of the Pacific Fleet, including a detachment of the 22nd Marine Regiment, has occupied Wotho Atoll without resistance.

The occupation force, commanded by Major C. B. Lawton, USMC, was received by the native population with ceremony, including gifts of food. A proclamation was posted, establishing military government. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 307, MARCH 13, 1944 

1. Seventh Army Air Force Liberator bombers and search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two attacked Wake Island on the afternoon of March 11 (West Longitude Date). Approximately 50 tons of bombs were dropped.

2. A small force of Army Liberators attacked Nauru on March 11, and Army Mitchell bombers and Navy search Venturas bombed three enemy bases in the Eastern Marshall Islands.

3. No fighter interception was encountered on any of these attacks and all of our planes returned to base. 

123

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 509, MARCH 14, 1944 

1. The U. S. submarine Corvina is overdue from patrol and must be presumed to be lost.

2. The next of kin of personnel in the Corvina have been so informed. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 308, MARCH 14, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells bombed Kusaie on March 12 (West Longitude Date), starting several fires.

On the same day Army Liberators and Marine Dauntless dive bombers attacked four bases in the Eastern Marshall Islands. At one base bombs hit the cantonment area and the radio station; at another, an ammunition dump was blown up and gun emplacements damaged.

Search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed two enemy‑held Marshall Island bases, and damaged two enemy fighters in the air near Ponape.

Our planes returned safely from all of these operations. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 311, MARCH 15, 1944 

Our air forces in the Central Pacific area attacked seven enemy‑held bases on March 13 (West Longitude Date).

Liberators of the Seventh and Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed airdrome installations and mining facilities at Ponape.

Kusaie was bombed by Army Liberators and a beached cargo ship was hit by Navy search planes with bombs and machine gun fire.

Shore facilities and a small beached ship at Oroluk Atoll were attacked by Navy search planes.

Army Liberators and Mitchells, Marine Dauntless dive bombers and Hell­cats, and Navy search Venturas attacked four bases in the Eastern Marshalls, starting fires at all bases.

A Navy search plane shot down an enemy medium bomber 250 miles north of Truk.

We lost no planes in any of these operations. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 313, MARCH 16, 1944 

1. Seventh Army Air Force Liberators attacked Truk before dawn on March 15 (West Longitude Date). Airdrome installations, fuel dumps, and ammunition storage areas on Eten and Dublon Islands were bombed, with ex­plosions and fires resulting. Heavy antiaircraft fire was encountered, but only one of our planes was hit, and all returned to base.

On the same day Army Liberators attacked ground installations at Ponape and Oroluk without damage to our planes.

2. Army Mitchells and Marine Dauntless dive bombers attacked two enemy bases in the Eastern Marshall Islands on March 14. The Mitchells hit the cantonment and ammunition storage areas and bombed the radio Station at one base, and the dive bombers started fires at another. One Dauntless was slightly damaged, but all planes returned to base.

3. A search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Pingelap Atoll.

124 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 314, MARCH 17, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing. Two, and Dauntless dive bombers and Hellcats of the Fourth Marine Air Wing attacked three enemy‑held bases in the Eastern Marshall Islands on March 15 (West Longitude Date).

An ammunition dump was blown up by the Mitchells. The Venturas scored hits among ground installations. The dive bombers and fighters strafed and bombed small craft and shore facilities.

Navy search planes bombed Pingelap and Oroluk Atolls.

All of our planes returned safely. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 510, MARCH 18, 1944 

1. The submarines USS Capelin and USS Sculpin are overdue from patrol and must be presumed to be lost.

2. The next of kin of personnel in the Capelin and the Sculpin have been so notified. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 316, MARCH 18, 1944 

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru and Shimushu in the Kurile Islands on March 16 and again on March 17 (West Longitude Dates). No fighter opposition was encountered and antiaircraft fire was light.

On March 16 a Liberator bomber of the 11th Army Air Force bombed Matsuwa Island in the Kuriles, without opposition. Liberators bombed Shimushu on March 17.

Four enemy‑held atolls in the Eastern Marshall Islands were bombed by Mitchell medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Air Wing, and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on March 16. A large explosion was caused on one of the atolls, and fires were started on another. One of our planes was damaged by antiaircraft fire.

On the same day search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Kusaie and Oroluk in the Caroline Islands.

We lost no planes in these operations. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 317, MARCH 19, 1944 

Paramushiru Island in the Kuriles was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four on March 13 (West Longitude Date). Several fires were started. Light antiaircraft fire was encountered. None of our planes was damaged.

Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Ponape and Kusaie in the Caroline Islands on March 17 causing explosions and fires. Three enemy bases in the Eastern Marshalls were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberator and Mitchell bombers, Fourth Marine Air Wing, Dauntless dive bombers, and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two. A dive bomber was lost in these operations. 

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N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 511, MARCH 20, 1944

Atlantic. 

1. The USS Leopold (Destroyer Escort #319), manned by Coast Guard officers and men, was sunk on March 10th as a result of an underwater ex­plosion, while on escort duty in the Atlantic.

2. The next of kin of all casualties have been notified. 

MARCH 20, 1944 

USS MACAW LOST IN PACIFIC 

The USS Macaw, an auxiliary submarine rescue vessel, after having gone aground on a coral reef in the Pacific, slid off and sank on February 13, 1944.

Next of kin of all casualties have been notified.

Lieutenant Commander Paul W. Burton, USN, was commanding officer of the Macaw. He is listed as missing. Lieutenant Commander Burton was born in Berkeley, California, on September 29, 1911, the son of Colonel Norman G. Burton, USMC, and Mrs. Burton. He was graduated from the Naval Academy in 1933. Next of kin is his wife, Mrs. Elizabeth W. Burton, 1320 Locust Drive, Asbury Park, New Jersey.

The Macaw was launched on July 12, 1942, at the Moore Dry Dock Com­pany, Oakland, California, and was commissioned on July 12, 1943.

(Memorandum to the Press: Jane's Fighting Ships lists standard displace­ment of the Macaw was 2,000 tons.) 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 319, MARCH 20, 1944 

Mille in the Eastern Marshalls was heavily shelled by battleships and bombed by carrier‑based aircraft on March 18 (West Longitude Date).

On the same day Mitchell medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Ponape, sinking a small cargo transport and starting large fires.

Five enemy‑held atolls in the Eastern Marshalls were bombed on March 18 by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force. In these attacks gun em­placements, barracks, and magazines were hit. All of our planes returned. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 512, MARCH 21, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of fifteen vessels in opera­tions against the enemy in these waters, as follows 

1 large transport.
1 medium transport 1 large tanker.
9 medium freighters.
2 small freighters.
1 medium tanker.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment Communiqué. 

126

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 320, MARCH 21, 1944 

Four enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed by Liberators and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on, March 19 (West Longitude Date). Thirty tons of bombs were dropped in these operations. On one atoll an ammunition dump exploded, and on another heavy explosions and fires were observed. All of our planes returned. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 513, MARCH 22, 1944 

1. The submarine USS Scorpion is overdue from patrol and must be pre­sumed to be lost.

2. The next of kin of casualties of the Scorpion, have been so notified. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 322, MARCH 22, 1944 

Mitchell medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Hellcat and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed four enemy posi­tions in the Marshall Islands on March 20, 1944 (West Longitude Date).

Heavy explosion was observed on one of the objectives, and several smaller explosions and fires observed on another. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moder­ate to meager. All of our planes returned. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 323, MARCH 23, 1944 

Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force and Liberator search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Ponape and Kusaie on March 21 (West Longitude Date). Large fires were started among warehouses and barracks.

Ventura search planes and Hellcat fighters of Fleet Air Wing Two, Libera­tor and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, and Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed four enemy‑held atolls in the, Marshalls. An ammunition dump was observed to explode on one atoll and fires and explosions were seen on others.

Seventy tons of bombs were dropped in all these operations. All of our planes returned. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 514, MARCH 24, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of eleven vessels as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows 

1 converted mine layer.
2 small freighters.
3 medium sized transports.
1 medium sized tanker.
3 medium sized freighters.
1 large tanker. 

2. These sinkings have not been reported in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

127

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 324, MARCH 24, 1944 

Thirty‑three tons of bombs were dropped on four enemy positions in the Marshalls by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and Navy Hellcat fighters and Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on March 22 (West Longitude Date).

A large fire was set on one of the atolls and ground installations were hit on another. All of our planes returned.

On March 21 a search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed facilities on it Ant Island. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 325, MARCH 25, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Wake Island on March 23 West Longitude Date). Petroleum storage tanks and barracks were hit. Anti­aircraft fire was intense.

In the Marshalls, four enemy‑held atolls were bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, and Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing.

In the Carolines, Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Ponape on March 22 and 23 (West Longitude Dates). Ant Island was bombed on March 23.

Approximately 115 tons of bombs were dropped in these operations. All of our planes returned. 

MARCH 25, 1944 

TWO UNITED STATES DESTROYERS IN MEDITERRANEAN
SINK GERMAN SUBMARINE

A German submarine was sunk, stern first, in the Mediterranean recently, after a ceaseless pounding by gunfire and depth charges from two United States destroyers. Several aircraft took part in the search for the U‑boat, with three U. S. destroyers, but the destruction was accomplished by two of the destroyers in the darkness of early night. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 326, MARCH 26, 1944 

Before dawn on March 25 (West Longitude Date) Liberator bombers of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Paramushiru and Onekotan Islands in the Kuriles, and a Ventura search plane of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Shimushu Island. One of our planes was lost.

On March 24 (West Longitude Date) a Coronado search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and sank two small cargo vessels near Ponape, and Mitchell medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed the Ponape air strip and adjacent buildings. On the same day Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed three enemy positions in the Marshall Islands. All of our planes returned from these operations. 

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 327, MARCH 27, 1944 

Ponape Island was bombed on March 25 (West Longitude Date) by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force accompanied by Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. The attacking planes were inter­cepted by 15 Zeros. Four Zeros were shot down and one was probably shot down. Corsair fighters strafed the runways. Intense antiaircraft fire was encountered. Ujelang Atoll was also strafed by these planes.

On the same day Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, and Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed four enemy‑held atolls in the Marshalls. Fires were started and heavy explosions observed.

All of our planes returned from all of these operations. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 328, MARCH 27, 1944 

Mitchell medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, accompanied by Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, bombed Ponape on March 26 (West Longitude Date). Nine of 15 intercepting Zeros were shot down by our fighters, and three were probably shot down. The town of Ponape and military installations were bombed and strafed. Antiaircraft fire was intense.

Coronado search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two strafed a small vessel near Ujelang, and bombed Kusaie Island and Pingelap Atoll.

On the same day, Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers, Fleet Air Wing Two Ventura search planes and Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing Dauntless bombers and Corsair fighters raided three enemy positions in the Marshall Islands. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 329, MARCH 29, 1944 

Four enemy positions in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed on March 27 (West Longitude Date) by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and Navy Hellcat fighters. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered. None of our planes was shot down.

On the same day a Coronado search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two dropped bombs on Pakin Island. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 330, MARCH 30, 1944 

Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Eten and Moen Islands in the Truk Atoll on the night of March 29 (West Longitude Date). Fires were started. Intense antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Ponape Island was bombed by a search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two, starting fires in a hangar area, and gun positions and buildings on Ujelang Island were strafed by Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Air­craft Wing.

Forty‑five tons of bombs were dropped on four enemy positions in the Marshalls by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers, and Marine Daunt­less bombers and Corsair fighters. Oil storage tanks were set afire on one objective, and runways damaged on another. 

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 331, MARCH 31, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Dublon, Param, Uman, Fefan, and Moen in the Truk Atoll at night on March 29 (West Longitude Date). On Dublon Island heavy explosions and fires were observed and on Uman and Moen Islands fires were started. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

A single Seventh Army Air Force Liberator bombed Ponape.

On the same day four enemy positions in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters. Antiaircraft batteries, coast defense guns, and ammunition dumps were hit. At one atoll fires were started in a warehouse area and at another several barges were severely strafed by our fighters.

All of our planes returned from all of these operations. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 41, MARCH 30, 1944 

Strong fleet forces at dawn Wednesday, March 29 (West Longitude Date) initiated heavy attacks on the Japanese‑held Palau Islands. After discovery of approach of our forces by enemy planes searching from their bases in the Carolines and New Guinea their ships were observed fleeing the area before our units could reach attack positions. Our attacks continue. No further details are as yet available. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 515, MARCH 31, 1944

Mediterranean. 

1. As the result of operations in the Mediterranean theater during the period January 22, 1944 to this date the following ship losses were sustained due to a variety of causes:

1 motor minesweeper (YMS‑30).
1 large minesweeper (AM‑106).
8 landing craft.
1 harbor tug (YT‑198). 

2. The next of kin of casualties of the above vessels have been notified. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 332, APRIL 1, 1944 

Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Dublon, Moen and Eten Islands in the Truk Atoll at night on March 30 (West Longitude Date). Hits were made on the airstrip at Moen and in barracks areas. Several delayed explosions were observed. Two enemy planes intercepted our bomb­ers, but all returned safely.

Three enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed and strafed by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force and Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. A Daunt­less bomber was shot down by antiaircraft fire near one objective and its crew rescued by a destroyer. 

130

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 334, APRIL 2, 1944 

The Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet, has received the report of a board of investigation convened to investigate the accidental shelling of three landing craft by one of our destroyers at Parry Island, Eniwetok Atoll, on February 22, 1944 (West Longitude Date). As a result of this tragic episode 13 men were killed and 46 wounded.

At the time the destroyer was providing fire support to the first landing wave of assault troops approaching Parry Island in landing craft through heavy smoke and dust caused by the preparatory bombardment. The primary source of error was that under difficult conditions of navigation both destroyer and landing craft were slightly out of scheduled positions, with restricted visibility as a contributing factor.

The board was instructed to conduct a thorough investigation and to make recommendations to prevent a recurrence. It is recognized, however, that in any landing operation on a hostile shore close fire support is essential to prevent heavy losses during the landing and assault, and that this involves a calculated risk that must be accepted. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 335, APRIL 2, 1944 

Dublon in the Truk Atoll was bombed by Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force before dawn on March 31 (West Longitude Date). Two enemy fighters were in the air but did not press home their attack. Medium antiair­craft fire was encountered which did no damage to our planes. Our attack started large fires.

Mitchell medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force accompanied by Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Ponape. In a separate strike a single Liberator also bombed the island. Antiaircraft fire was ineffective.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing Dauntless bombers and Corsair fighters and Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells bombed three enemy positions in the Marshalls. In these raids antiaircraft positions were strafed, gasoline storage facilities hit, and an explosion observed in an ammunition dump.

All of our planes returned. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 337, APRIL 3, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Dublon in the Truk Atoll on April 1 (West Longitude Date). Three fighters which attempted interception and light antiaircraft fire caused no damage to our planes.

On the same day Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force escorted by Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Ponape, start­ing fires among barracks in the area used for the servicing of planes.

In the Marshalls four enemy‑held atolls were bombed and strafed by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Hits were made on runways and in storage areas.

All of our planes returned from all of these operations.

131

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 338, APRIL 3, 1944 

Eleven atolls in the Marshall Islands have been reconnoitered by our forces and U. S. sovereignty established thereon subsequent to the occupation of Kwajalein, Eniwetok and Majuro Atolls.

These are Wotho, Ujae, Lae, Lib, Namu, Ailinglapalap, Namorik, Ebon, Kill, Arno and Bikini.

Most of these atolls were taken without resistance. Light opposition en­countered on others was quickly overcome. We took some prisoners. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 516, APRIL 4, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported sinking fourteen vessels as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows 

2 medium tankers.
11 medium cargo vessels.
1 small cargo vessel. 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 339, APRIL 4, 1944 

Dublon and Eten in the Truk Atoll were bombed at night on April 2 (West Longitude Date) by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force. Three enemy fighters attempted interception, but none of our planes was damaged. On the same day Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells bombed and strafed the airfields at Ponape, one air strip was strafed by a search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two, and a single Seventh Army Air Force Liberator bombed one of the runways.

In the Marshalls, three enemy positions were bombed and strafed by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Runways were bombed and at one objective a small ship and a dock were set on fire.

All of our planes returned from all of these operations. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 340, APRIL 5, 1944 

Ponape was bombed from low level by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force on April 3 (West Longitude Date). Moderate antiaircraft fire damaged three of our planes.

Sixty tons of bombs were dropped on four enemy positions in the Marshalls by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers, Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing Dauntless bombers and Corsair fighters, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Runways were hit, fires started, and at one objective hits were made among a group of motorized vehicles. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to meager.

Two Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and sank a small cargo vessel docked at Wake Island.

All of our planes returned from these operations. 

132

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 341, APRIL 6, 1944 

Four enemy‑held atolls in the Marshall Islands were bombed and strafed by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Air­craft Wing, Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing, Two on April 4 (West Longitude Date). A Corsair fighter was shot down near one of the objectives, Wotje Atoll, and its pilot rescued by a destroyer. Shore batteries opened fire on the destroyer, scoring two hits which did minor damage. The destroyer returned the fire.

Moen and Dublon Islands in the Truk Atoll were bombed on the night of April 3‑4 (West Longitude Date) by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. On Dublon bombs were dropped on oil storage tanks, and several fires were started between the seaplane base and Dublon town. Smaller fires were set on Moen Island. One of six enemy fighters which attempted interception was shot down, and one was probably shot down. Two of our planes are missing.

A Liberator search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and probably sank a tanker near Moen Island.

Ponape Island was raided by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force escorted by Marine Corsair fighters. An airfield and adjacent buildings were hit. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 42, APRIL 7, 1944 

Supplementing Pacific Ocean Areas communiqué Number 41, the following information is now available concerning operations of Pacific Fleet forces under the tactical command of Admiral R. A. Spruance, U. S. Navy, against enemy installations and forces in the Western Carolines. The Palau Islands were attacked on March 29‑30 (West Longitude Date); Yap and Ulithi Islands on March 30 and Woleai Island on March 31 by planes from carrier task forces commanded by Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, U. S. Navy. Damage to enemy surface ships at Palau included: 

Sunk: Two destroyers, one unidentified combat ship, two large cargo vessels, six medium cargo vessels, eight small cargo vessels, three large oilers, one medium oiler, one small oiler, one patrol vessel.

Damaged: One destroyer.

Beached and burning: One large repair ship, one medium oiler, two small oilers, one small cargo vessel.

Burning: Two small cargo vessels.

Beached and damaged: One large cargo vessel, two medium cargo vessels, five small cargo vessels.

Beached: One small cargo vessel.

Ground installations destroyed at Palau: Forty buildings at Arakabe­san ; at seaplane base four hangars and small buildings; at Malakal, more than twenty warehouses destroyed and extensive damage to docks and numer­ous large fires; at Koror, warehouses, dumps and hangars destroyed; at Angaur, phosphate plant damaged including docks and storage buildings; at Babelthuap, ore dock damaged.

Enemy aircraft casualties at Palau: Destroyed airborne, 93; destroyed ground or water, 39. Probably destroyed or damaged airborne, 29; probably destroyed or damaged on ground or water, 20.

At Ulithi several small vessels were sunk, the dock, radio station and other buildings damaged.

At Yap airdrome facilities and buildings in the settlement were damaged.

133

At Woleai seven planes were destroyed and five probably destroyed and extensive ground installations were damaged on Mariaon and Woleai Islands, including stores, dumps, buildings, and small craft.

During the night preceding and following our attacks on Palau our car­rier aircraft shot down 17 attacking enemy planes and four were shot down by ships' antiaircraft batteries. Three small enemy ships were also sunk at sea by ships' gunfire.

During the night of March 28 (West Longitude Date) one of our sub­marines torpedoed an enemy battleship of unidentified class departing Palau under escort. Although she suffered considerable damage she was able to escape at moderate speed under protection of her destroyer escort.

Our combat losses in these operations were 25 planes and 18 aircraft per­sonnel. There was no damage to our surface ships. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 342, APRIL 7, 1944 

Forty‑four tons of bombs were dropped on Wake Island by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on the night of April 5‑6 (West Longitude Date). Large explosions were observed in storage areas and in an area devoted to repair and maintenance of aircraft.

On the same day Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Ponape Island starting a large fire on one of the airfields.

Four enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed and strafed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Runways were hit and gun positions strafed. All of our planes returned from all of these operations. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 343, APRIL 8, 1944 

Ponape Island was bombed by Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force on April 6 (West Longitude Date). Airfields and bauxite works were hit. Anti­aircraft fire was moderate.

Three enemy positions in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, and Navy Hellcat fighters. At one objective an ammunition storage area was strafed and at another runways were heavily bombed.

All of our planes returned. 

JOINT STATEMENT, APRIL 9, 1944 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti-submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

"March was an active month in the war against the U‑Boats which operated in widely dispersed areas from the Barents Sea to the Indian Ocean.

"The enemy has persevered vainly in strenuous endeavors to disrupt our flow of supplies to Russia by the northern route. 

134

"Our merchant shipping losses were mainly incurred in far distant seas. Though a little higher than in February, they were still low and the rate of sinking U‑Boats was fully maintained.

"The Allied merchant fleet continues to improve both in quantity and quality, but the strength of the U‑Boat force remains considerable and calls for powerful efforts by surface and air forces." 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 344, APRIL 9, 1944 

Operations to soften up Truk continued. Moen and Dublon Islands in the Truk Atoll were bombed by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force at night on April 7 (West Longitude Date). At Moen the air strip was bombed and at Dublon wharfs and fuel reservoirs were hit.

Single Liberators from the same force bombed alternate targets at Oroluk, Ponape and Ujelang.

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force escorted by Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing also bombed and strafed Ponape on April 7 (West Longitude Date). Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Four enemy‑held atolls in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed by Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. At one objective a large explosion was observed near hangars, and at another explosions and fires were caused among barracks, warehouses, and gun emplacements. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to meager. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 345, APRIL 10, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers escorted by Marine fighters bombed an airfield at Ponape on April 8 (West Longitude Date). On the same day 48 tons of bombs were dropped on four enemy positions in the Marshalls by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters. Runways were hit and fires started.

Incendiary bombs were dropped on Oroluk Island by a search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two

All of our planes returned. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 347, APRIL 11, 1944 

Ailuk, Rongelap, Likiep and Utirik Atolls and Mejit Island in the Mar­shalls have been reconnoitered by our forces and U. S. sovereignty established thereon.

An airfield at Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on April 9 (West Longitude Date). On the same day Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters dropped 55 tons of bombs on four enemy positions in the Marshalls. Wharves, barracks, hangars, gun positions and air strips were hit in these raids.

One search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Ulul Island and another strafed two small craft near Ponape. 

135

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 349, APRIL 12, 1944 

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Matsuwa and Onekotan in the Kurile Islands on April 10 (West Longitude Date).

Moen and Dublon in the Truk Atoll were bombed by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on the same day. Fires were started at Dublon Town and a large explosion observed. Hits were obtained on the Moen air strip. Six enemy planes were seen but only one attempted interception and it did no damage. A single Liberator from this force bombed Ponape Island.

Ponape was also bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers, which obtained hits on airfield runways.

Four objectives in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to meager.

The pilot of a Hellcat fighter forced down near Majuro was rescued by one of our destroyers. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 350, APRIL 12, 1944 

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru and Shimushu in the Kurile Islands on April 11 (West Longitude Date). A Liberator bomber of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Matsuwa.

A search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed a beached ship on Oroluk Atoll, another bombed Ulul Island, and a third dropped incendiary bombs on Ponape on the same day.

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force with a Corsair fighter escort of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing also bombed and strafed Ponape, hitting buildings, a storage area, air strips and small craft. Antiaircraft fire was intense.

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters bombed and strafed three enemy‑held atolls in the Marshalls. Gun positions and runways were hit.

All of our planes returned. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 352, APRIL 13, 1944 

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru and Shimushu in the Kurile Islands before dawn on April 12 (West Longitude Date). Hits were obtained on airfields and fires started. Light antiaircraft fire did no damage to our planes.

Liberator bombers of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Shasukotan and Matsuwa Islands on the same day. No opposition was encountered.

All of our planes returned. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 353, APRIL 14, 1944 

Uman, Param, Dublon, Fefan, and Moen in the Truk Atoll were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on the night of April 12 (West Longi­tude Date). Three airborne enemy planes did not attempt to intercept our force. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered. Single planes from this force bombed Ponape and Ujelang.

Ponape Island was also bombed by Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air 

136

Force. An airfield and adjacent buildings were hit. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Forty‑five tons of bombs were dropped on four enemy‑held atolls in the Marshalls by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. Hits were obtained on docks, warehouses, barracks and other buildings. At one objective gun positions were severely strafed. At another a large explosion was caused by a hit on an ammunition dump. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 354, APRIL 14, 1944 

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru in the Kurile Islands before dawn on April 13 (West Longitude Date). Libera­tors of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Matsuwa, Shasukotan, and Paramushiru on the same night. The Navy planes drew intense heavy caliber antiaircraft fire over one objective. The Army planes encountered no opposi­tion.

Ulul and Pakin Islands were bombed by single search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on April 13 (West Longitude Date).

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Kusaie, hitting warehouses, gun positions, and piers.

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force with a Corsair fighter escort from the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Ponape. Fires were started among buildings adjacent to an airfield. One of our fighters made a forced landing and its pilot was rescued.

Four objectives in the Marshalls were bombed by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Storage tanks, barracks, runways, and an ammunition dump were hit. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 355, APRIL 15, 1944 

Major General Willis H. Hale, U. S. Army, on 1 May will assume new duties as the Commander, Shore Based Air Force, Forward Area, Central Pacific. He will be succeeded by Brigadier General R. W. Douglas, U. S. Army, who will serve as Acting Commanding General of the Seventh Air Force.

Rear Admiral John H. Hoover, U. S. Navy, former Commander Aircraft, Central Pacific, will assume duties as Commander Forward Area, Central Pacific. Admiral Hoover will exercise command over all forces assigned to the Forward Area, including shore based air forces.

In his new command Major General Hale will coordinate the operations and logistic support of all shore‑based Army, Navy and Marine Corps combat aviation in the Forward Area, Central Pacific. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 357, APRIL 15, 1944 

Eniwetok Atoll was attacked by enemy bombers before dawn on April 14 (West Longitude Date). Night fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing intercepted the enemy force and shot down two planes and probably shot down another. All bombs landed in the water.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Shimushu and 

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 359, APRIL 16, 1944 

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force raided Matsuwa in the Kuriles on the night of April 14 (West Longitude Date).

Oroluk, Nauru, Pakin, and Ulul Islands were bombed by single search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on April 14 (West Longitude Date).

Airfields on Ponape Island were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on the same day. A small tanker and two escort vessels were bombed near Ant Island. The tanker was sunk and the escorts were beached on the island. Our planes pressed home their attack through heavy antiair­craft fire.

Forty‑six tons of bombs were dropped on four objectives in the Marshalls by Liberators and Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Navy Hellcat fighters. One of these objectives was severely strafed. Bomb hits were obtained on gun positions and barracks. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 360, APRIL 17, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators dropped thirty‑eight tons of bombs on Dublon, Fefan and Moen Islands in the Truk Atolls before dawn on April 16 (West Longitude Date). Fires and explosions were observed. One airborne enemy plane did not attempt interception. Two Liberators from this force bombed Ponape Town and an airfield on Ponape Island.

Pakin, Ulul, and Ant Islands were bombed by single search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on April 15 (West Longitude Date).

Enemy‑held atolls in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed by Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters on April 15. Gun positions and barracks were bombed and at one objective two small craft were strafed. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 517, APRIL 18, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported sinking fifteen vessels as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows 

1 large tanker
2 medium tankers
1 medium naval auxiliary (repair ship)
7 medium cargo vessels
2 medium cargo passenger vessels
1 small cargo passenger vessel
1 small cargo vessel 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué.

138

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 361, APRIL 18, 1944 

Pingelap Island was strafed and Ant, Ulul, and Pakin Islands bombed by single search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on April 16 (West Longitude Date).

On the same day forty‑five tons of bombs were dropped on enemy positions in the Marshall Islands by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force. Gun positions, barracks, and buildings were bombed and strafed. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 363, APRIL 19, 1944 

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed an airfield at Ponape Island on April 17 (West Longitude Date).

On the same day 42 tons of bombs were dropped on enemy objectives in the Marshall Islands by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Gun positions and buildings were hit. A large fire was started at one objective. The pilot and gunner of a dive bomber forced down by engine trouble were rescued by one of our destroyers.

Single search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Pakin and Ulul Islands, on April 17. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 364, APRIL 20, 1944 

Forty‑six tons of bombs were dropped on Moen and Dublon Islands in the Truk Atoll by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on the night of April 18‑19 (West Longitude Date). Three enemy planes were in the air but did not attempt interception. Large fires were started at Dublon Town and several explosions were observed. At Moen the airstrip and barracks were hit. Anti­aircraft fire was meager.

On the night of April 18 a search Liberator of Fleet Air Wing Two ob­tained a direct hit on a medium cargo vessel south of Fefan Island in the Truk Atoll.

Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on the night of April 18‑19. Several fires were started. Ponape was also bombed by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force and by a single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two on April 18.

A single Liberator bombed runways at Wake Island on April 18. Antiair­craft fire was intense.

On the same day 40 tons of bombs were dropped on enemy positions in the Marshall Islands by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Small craft, gun positions, barracks, and runways were bombed and strafed.

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 365, APRIL 21, 1944 

Wake Island was bombed by Liberator bombers on the evening of April 19 (West Longitude Date). Thirty tons of bombs were dropped. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

On the same day the airfield and adjacent buildings at Ponape Island were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers. Weak antiair­craft fire was encountered.

Fifty tons of bombs were dropped on enemy positions in the Marshall Islands by Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Ventura search planes of the Fleet Air Wing Two. Barracks, gun positions, airstrips, and other facilities were hit.

Pakin, Ant, and Ujelang Islands were bombed by single search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on April 19. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 366, APRIL 22, 1944 

A group of Army and Navy heavy bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force and Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Saipan and Tinian in daylight on April 17 (West Longitude Date). One of a force of about 25 intercepting enemy fighters was shot down and one was probably shot down. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Dublon, Moen, Eten, and Mesegon in the Truk Atoll before dawn on April 19 (West Longitude Date). Two airborne enemy fighters did not attempt interception.

Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on April 20 (West Longitude Date). Airfields were hit and large fires started. Anti­aircraft fire was intense.

On the same day a single search plane of Fleet Air Wing bombed Ulul Island.

Sixty‑seven tons of bombs were dropped on enemy positions in the Mar­shalls by Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Navy Hellcat fighters on April 20. Gun positions and airstrips were bombed and strafed. One large explosion was caused by a hit in a magazine area.

Erikub and Aur Atolls in the Marshall Islands have been reconnoitered by our forces and United States sovereignty established thereon. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 367, APRIL 22, 1944 

Outnumbered three to one, a carrier‑based Navy Hellcat squadron shot 12 Japanese Zeros from the sky in just two minutes, with the loss of only one American plane, during the recent Palau strike, it was revealed here today. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 368, APRIL 22, 1944 

Moen and Dublon in the Truk Atoll were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on the night of April 20 (West Longitude Date). Several explosions were observed on a runway and fires were started in adjacent areas. 

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Three enemy night fighters were airborne but only one attempted interception. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. None of our planes was damaged.

Ulul Island and Igup, Murilo, and Ruo in the Hall Islands were attacked by single search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on April 21 (West Longitude Date). Three small craft were destroyed at Ruo and two damaged. One small craft was destroyed at Murilo and two damaged. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 369, APRIL 23, 1944 

Ponape Island was bombed by Mitchell medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force on April 21 (West Longitude Date). Runways and adjacent installations were hit. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

On the same day 60 tons of bombs were dropped on remaining enemy positions in the Marshall Islands by Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two. Gun positions and coastal defense positions were bombed and strafed. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 370, APRIL 24, 1944 

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Moen, Eten and Param in the Truk Atoll before dawn on April 23 (West Longitude Date). Two enemy fighters were in the air but did not attempt interception. Fires were set and explosions observed on airfields.

Ponape Island was bombed on April 22 (West Longitude Date) by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers and a single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two, and before dawn on April 23 by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force. Numerous fires were started.

Puluwat Island was bombed before dawn on April 23 by a single Seventh Army Air Force Liberator, and Ulul Island was bombed on April 22 by a single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two.

Remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls were bombed on April 22 by Liberators and Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force, and Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. Gun posi­tions, runways, and storage tanks were bombed and strafed. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 43, APRIL 23, 1944 

Strong carrier task groups of the Pacific Fleet commenced attacks on the Japanese airdromes and troop concentrations in the Hollandia‑Humboldt Bay region on the north coast of New Guinea on April 20 (West Longitude Date) for the purpose of covering and supporting the forces of the Commander in Chief, Southwest Pacific Area. These attacks are continuing. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 372, APRIL 24, 1944 

Supplementing Pacific Ocean Areas communiqué Number 43, the following information is now available concerning operations of Pacific Fleet forces supporting and covering landings by forces of the Commander in Chief, South‑ 

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west Pacific Area, at Hollandia, Aitape, and Tanahmerah Bay on April 20 and 21 (West Longitude Date):

Airfields at Hollandia, Wakde Island and Sawar were struck by carrier aircraft on April 20. Thirteen airborne enemy planes were shot down over the target areas. At Hollandia, 67 planes were destroyed on the ground. Fuel storage facilities, ammunition dumps, supply areas and buildings were heavily bombed. Two small cargo ships, and several barges and small craft were sunk.

At Wakde and Sawar 21 enemy planes were destroyed on the ground and 17 damaged by our aircraft during daylight on April 20. On the night of April 20 cruisers and destroyers bombarded the Wakde‑Sawar airfields. The bom­bardment was accomplished without effective opposition. No damage was done to our surface ships. 

APRIL 25, 1944 

GERMAN SUBMARINE IS SUNK WITH LITTLE TRACE BY U. S. NAVAL
AIRMEN iIN TWO-MINUTE CONCENTRATED ATTACK 

In the face of vigorous antiaircraft fire, airmen of the United States Navy attacked a German U‑boat in the Atlantic and destroyed it in a two-minute concentrated attack last December after it had been spotted sometime earlier and kept under watch by one of the planes which took part in the final attack. 

Admiral Royal E. Ingersoll, U. S. Navy, Commander in Chief of the United States Atlantic Fleet, gave decorations to the aviators for sinking the submarine.

The airmen were part of a U. S. Naval Task Force consisting of a "baby flat‑top," destroyers and planes of the escort carrier. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 373, APRIL 25, 1944 

United States forces occupied Ujelang Atoll, Marshall Islands, on April 22 and 23 (West Longitude Date). Light opposition was quickly overcome. The atoll was proclaimed to be under the military government of the Com­mander in Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas.

On April 23 (West Longitude Date) a small vessel at Murilo in the Hall Islands was bombed by a search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 374, APRIL 25, 1944 

Taongi Atoll and other remaining enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on April 23 (West Longitude Date). Gun emplacements, fuel storage facilities, buildings and runways were hit. At one objective a small craft was strafed and beached.

Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on the same day. Both airfields were hit. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 375, APRIL 26, 1944 

Shimushu and Paramushiru in the Kurile Islands were bombed by Ven­tura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four, and a single Liberator of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Matsuwa on the night of April 23‑24 (West Longitude Date). Antiaircraft fire ranged from light to heavy.

Ant Island was bombed by a single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two on April 24 (West Longitude Date). Small craft at Nomwin in the Hail Islands were strafed by another search plane on the same day.

Ponape was bombed on April 24 by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers. Airstrips were bombed and fires started.

Remaining enemy objectives in the Marshall Islands were bombed by Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Ven­tura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Navy Hellcat fighters. One hundred and thirty‑eight tons of bombs were dropped in these operations. At one objective Marine Corsairs fired 23,000 rounds of machine gun ammuni­tion at gun positions and fuel storage facilities. Coastal defense guns, build­ings, ammunition dumps, and runways were heavily hit by our bombers. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 376, APRIL 26, 1944 

Paramushiru and Shimushu in the Kurile Islands were bombed by Ven­tura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four, and Matsuwa Island was bombed by Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force at night on April 24‑25 (West Longitude Date). Heavy antiaircraft fire was encountered over Paramushiru and Shimushu. No opposition was encountered at Matsuwa.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Eten, Param, Moen, Tol and Dublon in the Truk Atoll on the night of April 24‑25 (West Longi­tude Date). Several enemy fighters were airborne but did not attempt inter­ception. Thirty‑six tons of bombs were dropped.

Ponape Town and an airstrip on Ponape Island were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators before dawn on April 25. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 379, APRIL 27, 1944 

General Douglas MacArthur, Commander in Chief, Southwest Pacific Area, and Admiral C. W. Nimitz, Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, recently conferred regarding the future operations in the Pacific of their two commands.

Plans were completely integrated so that a maximum of cooperative effort might be executed against the enemy. 

APRIL 28, 1944 

SECRETARY OF THE NAVY FRANK KNOX DIES. 

Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox died at his home, 4704 Linnean Avenue, N. W., Washington, D. C., today at 1:08 P. M. (EWT), following a continuation of a heart attack first suffered at Manchester, New Hampshire, Sunday April 23, 1944.

The death of Colonel Knox was announced to all Naval personnel and 

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establishments, ashore and afloat, throughout the world, in a dispatch from Acting Secretary of the Navy James V. Forrestal. The dispatch said 

"It is with profound regret that I announce to the Naval Service the death of the Secretary of the Navy, the Honorable William Franklin Knox, which occurred in Washington, D. C., at 1308 on April 28, 1944. The Navy has suffered a great loss. Frank Knox was born in Boston, Massachusetts, tended public schools in Grand Rapids and was graduated from Alma College with the degree of A. B. On June 4, 1898, he enrolled in the First Regiment, U. S. Volunteer Cavalry, known in history as the Rough Riders. With that distinguished organization he participated in the actions of the Spanish American War. After that war he entered the field of journal­ism and in 1903 became publisher of the Sault Ste. Marie Evening News. In 1912 he established the Manchester Leader and later became publisher of the Manchester Union Leader. During World War I he served in France as Major in the 303rd Ammunition Train of the 78th Division participating in the St. Mihiel and Meuse Argonne offenses. After being transferred to the Field, Artillery Reserve he was promoted on October 15, 1923 to Lieutenant Colonel, Officers Reserve Staff Corps, and in July, 1937, to the rank of Colonel. Colonel Knox's outstanding career in journal­ism included successively the office of general manager of the Hearst newspapers, publisher of the Hearst Boston newspapers and since 1931 publisher of the Chicago Daily News.

On July 11, 1940, Colonel Knox took the oath of office as Secretary of the Navy. Throughout his entire career in public life, in journalism, in the armed services, and as Secretary of the Navy he has devoted him­self unremittingly and without reserve to the best interests of his country and of the Naval Service. His active leadership during the current strug­gle has been an inspiration which will be sorely missed.

"It is directed that Colors be displayed at half mast on all ships and at all Navy Yards and stations until sunset on the date of interment and to the extent permitted by war operations special memorial services shall be conducted on an appropriate day as prescribed by the senior officer present. Because the nation is at war the firing of salutes and the wear­ing of mourning badges shall be dispensed with.

"Information as to date of interment will be transmitted later." 

APRIL 28, 1944 

A STATEMENT BY ACTING SECRETARY OF THE NAVY JAMES FORRESTAL 

In the death of Secretary Knox the Nation has lost one of its great leaders, the Navy a devoted servant and all of us who worked with him a loyal friend. His career of public service is a finer tribute to his memory than any that words could express. It can be truly said that he expended himself in the service of his country. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 380, APRIL 29, 1944 

Guam Island was bombed by Liberator bombers of Fleet Air Wing Two and of the Seventh Army Air Force on April 24 (West Longitude Date). Many enemy planes were seen on the ground but no attempt at interception was undertaken. All of our planes returned.

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Ponape Island was bombed on April 26 by Army and Navy Liberators and in a second strike the same day was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells. Ponape was also bombed before dawn on April 27 by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force. Ponape Town and airfields were hit and fires started. No casualties were suffered by any of our planes or personnel.

Fifty‑four tons of bombs were dropped on Moen, Eten, Dublon, and Param in the Truk Atoll by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators before dawn on April 27. Several enemy planes were in the air but did not attempt intercep­tion. Antiaircraft fire was light and ineffective.

The airfield at Puluwat Island was bombed by a single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two on April 25. Antiaircraft fire was intense. Fires were started.

Remaining enemy objectives in the Marshall Islands were bombed and strafed on April. 26 by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 381, APRIL 29, 1944 

Revetments and runways at Ponape Island were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on April 27 (West Longitude Date). Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Forty‑eight tons of bombs were dropped on remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls on April 27 by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, and shore‑based Navy Hellcat fighters. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 382, APRIL 30, 1944 

Forty‑one tons of bombs were dropped on the Truk Atoll by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on the night of April 2 (West Longitude Date). Anti­aircraft fire was meager. Several enemy planes were seen but did not at­tempt interception.

Ponape Island was bombed on April 28 by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells and a single Seventh Army Air Force Liberator. Airfields were hit and fires observed.

Sixty‑five tons of bombs were dropped on remaining enemy objectives in the Marshalls on April 28 by Mitchells and Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and Navy Hellcat fighters. Gun positions, buildings, and runways were hit. At one objective a barge was severely strafed by Hellcat fighters. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 384, MAY 1, 1944 

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru in the Kurile Islands before dawn on April 29 (West Longitude Date). Light antiaircraft fire did no damage to our planes. All of our planes returned.

A single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and damaged a ship at anchor in the Truk Lagoon and strafed airstrips on Moen and Eten Islands on April 29. 

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Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bomb­ers on April 29. Runways and adjacent installations were hit. A large ex­plosion was observed near one airfield. Moderate antiaircraft fire was en­countered.

Thirty‑five tons of bombs were dropped on remaining enemy objectives In the Marshalls on April 29 by Mitchell and Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine aircraft wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 518, MAY 2, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of twelve vessels, includ­ing three combatant ships, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows 

1 large tanker
1 large naval auxiliary
2 medium cargo transports
5 medium cargo vessels
1 light cruiser
2 destroyers

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 44, MAY 2, 1944 

Powerful Naval Task Forces of the Pacific Fleet under command of Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, U. S. Navy, have completed further attacks against enemy bases in the Central Pacific following their operations in sup­port of the Hollandia‑Humboldt Bay occupation.

Installations in Truk Atoll were attacked by carrier aircraft on April 29‑30 (West Longitude Date); Satawan, in the Nomoi Islands, was attacked by carrier‑based aircraft and shelled by cruisers under the command of Rear Admiral J. B. Oldendorf, U. S. Navy, on April 30; Ponape was attacked by carrier‑based aircraft on May 1 and shelled by battleships commanded by Vice Admiral W. A. Lee, U. S. Navy. None of our ships was damaged in any of these operations, and our aircraft losses were light. Approximately 30 flight personnel are missing.

In the first day's attack on Truk, 60 enemy planes were shot down in air combat, an equal number destroyed on the ground. Five enemy planes were shot down by our ships.

In the second day's attack at Truk, the one enemy plane encountered was shot down. Our planes dropped eight hundred tons of bombs in the Truk area, inflicting heavy damage to shore facilities.

Considerable damage was caused by our protracted shelling and bombing of Satawan and Ponape.

Our ships shot down five enemy search planes on April 26 during the retirement from the Hollandia Area. 

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 385, MAY 2, 1944 

Wake Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on April 30 (West Longitude Date). Ninety‑five tons of bombs were dropped on defense installations. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. Several enemy planes were in the air over the target but did not attempt intercep­tion. All of our planes returned.

Ponape Island was bombed on April 30 by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers. Explosions and fires were caused at an airfield. Anti­aircraft was moderate.

Remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls were attacked on April 30 by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, and Navy Hellcat fighters. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 386, MAY 4, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed the Truk Atoll on the night of May 1‑2 (West Longitude Date). Fifty tons of bombs were dropped on airstrips and adjacent installations, starting fires and causing large explo­sions. A searchlight battery was destroyed. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. Two enemy planes were in the air over the target but did not attempt inter­ception.

A single Seventh Army Air Force Liberator bombed Ponape Island at night on May 1. A fire was set in Ponape Town.

Remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls were bombed on May 1 and on May 2 by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and Navy Hellcat fighters. Gun positions, shore installations, buildings and a power station were bombed and strafed. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 387, MAY 5, 1944 

Paramushiru in the Kurile Islands was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four on the night of May 3‑4 (West Longitude Date). Explosions were caused and large fires started. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered. All of our planes returned.

Nauru Island was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on May 3. Barracks and runways were hit. Antiaircraft fire was intense.

Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers on May 2. Runways at two airfields were hit. Antiaircraft fire was light.

Remaining enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were attacked on May 3 by Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Hits were obtained in a magazine area and on gun positions. 

CINCPAC RELEASE NO. 388, MAY 6, 1944 

Eighty‑seven tons of bombs were dropped on Ponape Island by Liber­ators of the Seventh Army Air Force on May 4 (West Longitude Date). Ponape Town and dock areas were thoroughly covered, and large fires and explosions were caused. 

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Truk Atoll was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators before dawn on May 5. Antiaircraft fire was light.

Forty‑seven tons of bombs were dropped in attacks on remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls during May 4 by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat lighters. Coastal batteries, anti­aircraft batteries, and magazine areas were hit. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 389, MAY 7, 1944 

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru and Shimushu in the Kuriles at night on May 5 (West Longitude Date). Large fires were started. Intense heavily caliber antiaircraft fire was en­countered. All of our planes returned.

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Ponape Island on May 5 concentrating on the seaplane base and airfields. Antiaircraft fire was light.

Sixty‑two tons of bombs were dropped on remaining positions in the Marshalls on May 5 by Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Coastal guns, magazine areas and storage facilities were hit. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 391, MAY 8, 1944 

Ventura search planes" of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru in daylight on May 6 (West Longitude Date). Antiaircraft fire was light.

A search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two shot down an enemy four‑engine patrol plane near Ulul Island on May 6 (West Longitude Date). 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 392, MAY 8, 1944 

Liberator search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Guam Island during daylight on May 6 (West Longitude Date). Our force was intercepted by approximately 25 enemy fighters. Seven of these were shot down, three probably shot down, and two damaged. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered over the target. All of our planes returned.

Truk Atoll was bombed at night on May 6 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. Several fires were started. Antiaircraft fire ranged from light to moderate.

Ponape Island was bombed during daylight on May 6 by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers and on the night of May 6 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. Airfields and defense installations were hit. No anti­aircraft fire was encountered during either strike.

Remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls received thirty‑three tons of bombs on May 6 from Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Coastal batteries, fuel storage facilities, and magazines were hit. 

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JOINT STATEMENT, MAY 9, 1944 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti­submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

"In April 1944, the United Nations anti‑submarine activity continued at a highly satisfactory level. Again for another month the extraordinary fact continues that the number of enemy submarines sunk exceeds the number of Allied merchant ships sunk by submarines." 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 393, MAY 9, 1944 

Airfields at Ponape Island were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators and Mitchells on May 7 (West Longitude Date). Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed on May 7 by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Coastal guns, antiaircraft batteries, and a power station were hit. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 519, MAY 10, 1944

Mediterranean. 

1. The U. S. Destroyer Lansdale was sunk in the Mediterranean April 20, 1944, as the result of attack by enemy aircraft.

2. The next of kin of the casualties have been notified. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 394, MAY 10, 1944 

Ponape Island was bombed by Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force on May 8 (West Longitude Date). The town and airfields were hit. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells, Dauntless dive bombers, and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Navy Hellcat fighters bombed and strafed remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls on May 8. Fuel storage facilities, antiaircraft batteries, barracks, and coastal guns were hit. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 395, MAY 11, 1944 

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Farce bombed Truk Atoll on the night of May 8‑9 (West Longitude Date). Forty tons of bombs were dropped on airstrips and defense installations. A possible hit was obtained on a ship near Moen Island with a 2,000 pound bomb. Four enemy planes were in the air over the target but did not attempt interception. Antiaircraft fire was light.

Single Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Oroluk Atoll and Ponape Town on the night of May 8‑9.

Wake Island was attacked by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on the night of May 9.

Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells bombed Ponape on May 9. 

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Remaining enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed and strafed on May 9 by Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 520, MAY 12, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of fourteen vessels, includ­ing one combatant ship, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows 

1 destroyer
1 large tanker
1 medium tanker
1 medium transport
1 medium cargo transport
7 medium cargo vessels
1 small cargo transport
1 small cargo vessel 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 397, MAY 12, 1944 

Better than 7 to 1—that's the ratio the Navy's carrier squadron have es­tablished during the past eight months: 1,229 Japanese aircraft destroyed at a cost of 164 U. S. planes. A large proportion of the crews of these 164 air­craft were rescued.

The score begins with the Marcus Island raid on September 1 last year, and includes our second big raid on Truk on the last two days of April. It does not include our own comparatively light losses at Truk and during the Hollandia landings on April 21. Nor does it include 54 Japanese craft shot down by task force anti‑aircraft fire.

To achieve this better than 7 to 1 superiority in aircraft destruction, our carrier‑squadrons wiped out 673 Japanese planes in aerial combat, and smashed 556 on the ground. All this was in addition to great losses and damage in­flicted on enemy ships and installations.

The escort carrier Liscome Bay, sunk by a submarine torpedo, was the only ship lost during 19 major raids against 15 enemy bases by these big carrier task forces which ranged from the Solomons to Marcus, from the Marshalls to the Marianas and Palau.

Figures released today mirror the increasing effectiveness of these forces. Only seven planes, all on the ground, were destroyed in the September 1 thrust at Marcus. But at Truk in February, 205 Japanese craft were demolished in the air and on the ground. In the 10‑week period since the initial assault on the Truk bastion, the carrier units accounted for 719 enemy craft, more than half the total for the eight‑month period.

Indicative of our increasing ascendancy in the air, at least in the area of the Japanese outer island defenses, is the fact that in the occupation

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of Kwajalein Atoll enemy air opposition was eliminated within four hours after the first fighter sweep. Further, at Truk in February not a single Japanese plane rose to challenge our aviators on the second day. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 398, MAY 12, 1944 

Single search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed landing strips at Kusaie Island and at Murilo in the Hall Islands on May 10 (West Longitude Date).

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Ponape Island on May 10.

Enemy‑held objectives in the Marshalls were bombed on May 10 by Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. Antiair­craft batteries, building areas, and underground shelters were hit. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 399, MAY 12, 1944 

Two flights of Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Truk Atoll before dawn on May 11 (West Longitude Date). Sixty‑two tons of bombs were dropped. Airfields were hit and explosions and fires observed. Seven enemy planes intercepted the first flight of Liberators and one of these enemy planes was shot down. One of four enemy aircraft intercepting the second flight was probably destroyed. All of our planes returned.

A single Liberator of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Ponape Island before dawn on May 11. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 400, MAY 13, 1944 

A search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed the airstrip at Kusaie Island on May 11 (West Longitude Date). On the same day another search plane shot down a Japanese medium bomber northeast of Truk Atoll.

Enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells, Ventura search planes and a single Catalina of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters during the day and night of May 11. Runways, antiaircraft batteries, and barracks were hit.

A Dauntless dive bomber was shot down near one objective and its crew rescued by one of our destroyers. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 401, MAY 14, 1944 

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Nauru Island on the morning of May 12 (West Longitude Date). Bombs were dropped on shore installations including an ammunition dump, phosphate works, and the airfield.

Enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands were attacked on May 12 by Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Venturas and Catalinas of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force. 

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 402, MAY 15, 1944 

Ventura search planes of. Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Shimushu in the Kurile Islands before dawn on May 13 (West Longitude Date). Several fires were started. Antiaircraft fire was intense. On the afternoon of May 13 a single Mitchell bomber of the Eleventh Army Air Force attacked two enemy patrol boats near Paramushiru.

Forty‑two tons of bombs were dropped on defense installations in Truk Atoll by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators before dawn on May 13. Two large explosions were observed on Moen Island. Antiaircraft fire was moder­ate. A single enemy fighter made an ineffective attempt at interception.

Ponape Island was bombed before dawn on May 13 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators and during daylight the same day by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells. Landing strips and dock areas were hit.

Enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were attacked by Ventura, Coronado, and Catalina search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters during daylight on May 13 and during the night of May 13‑14. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 404, MAY 16, 1944 

Two hundred and forty tons of bombs were dropped on Jaluit Atoll in the Marshall Islands during daylight on May 14 (West Longitude Date) and during the night of May 14‑15 in a coordinated aerial assault by aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force, Fleet Air Wing Two, and the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. Two hundred and eighty‑four sorties were flown by Liberator and Mitchell bombers, Dauntless dive bombers, and Corsair and Hellcat fighters. Targets were cannoned by Mitchell bombers and strafed by Hellcat fighters. Attacks were made at altitudes ranging from 50 feet to 10,000 feet. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to meager. Eight of our aircraft re­ceived minor damage but all returned safely.

Other objectives in the Marshalls were harassed on May 14 and until dawn on May 15 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators, Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Ventura and Catalina search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two.

A single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Shimushu in the Kuriles on the night of May 14 (West Longitude Date). No opposition was encountered.

A search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two dropped four 1,000‑pound bombs on a medium size cargo vessel at anchor in Truk Lagoon before dawn on May 14. Another Fleet Air Wing Two search plane bombed and strafed the air­strip at Puluwat Island on May 14. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 406, MAY 17, 1944 

Ventura and Coronado search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters bombed and strafed remaining enemy objectives in the Marshall Islands during the day and night of May 15 (West Longitude Date). Fuel storage facilities, runways, and buildings were hit,

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 407, MAY 18, 1944 

Wake Island was bombed during daylight on May 16 (West Longitude Date) by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force. Objectives at Peacock Point and Wilkes Island were hit. A large fire was started. Moderate anti­aircraft fire did minor damage to two of our aircraft.

Nauru Island was attacked by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers on May 16. Hits were obtained on a phosphate plant and antiaircraft posi­tions. Explosions were caused and fires set. Antiaircraft fire was intense.

A search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and probably sank a ten thousand ton Japanese tanker and a medium cargo ship in Truk Harbor on May 16. Antiaircraft fire was light. The same plane later bombed and strafed the airstrip and barracks area at Puluwat Island. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered which wounded both pilot and co‑pilot but the aircraft re­turned safely to base.

Ponape Island was bombed by Liberator search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force on May 16. The seaplane base, airfields, dock installations and Ponape Town were hit. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed on May 16 by Catalina and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters. Runways and gun positions were hit. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 408, MAY 19, 1944 

Wake Island was bombed during daylight on May 17 (West Longitude Date) by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force. Peale Island and Heel Point were the principal targets. Intense antiaircraft fire was encountered, and one of our aircraft was shot down.

An airstrip at Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on May 17. No antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Enemy positions in the Marshalls were attacked on May 17 by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters. Repair work on the airstrip at Wotje was interrupted by Corsairs which strafed several vehicles and de­stroyed two trucks. 

MAY 19, 1944 

JAMES FORRESTAL TAKES OATH AS SECRETARY OF THE NAVY 

James Forrestal today became the 48th Secretary of the Navy. 

Rear Admiral Thomas L. Gatch, USN, Judge Advocate General of the Navy, administered the oath at ceremonies held at 9 A.M., today in the Office of the Secretary.

Among those present were members of Congress, the Navy High Command, Chiefs of the Bureaus of the Navy Department and other ranking Naval officials.

While he is the 48th Secretary of the Navy, Mr. Forrestal is actually the 47th person to hold the office. John Y. Mason was appointed to two terms, 1844‑45 and 1846‑49.

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Secretary Forrestal succeeds the late Frank Knox, who died April 28, 1944.

President Roosevelt sent to the Senate on May 10, 1944, the nomination of Mr. Forrestal as Secretary of the Navy and Senate confirmation was voted May 17, 1944. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 409, MAY 20, 1944 

Paramushiru Island in the Kuriles was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four at night on May 18 (West Longitude Date). Large fires were started at airfields. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. One of our aircraft received minor damage but all returned safely. A Liber­ator and a Mitchell bomber of the Eleventh Army Air Force damaged and probably sank an enemy patrol vessel east of Paramushiru during daylight on May 18. On the same day a Ventura search plane of Fleet Air Wing Four attacked an enemy auxiliary vessel present in the same locality.

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Coronado and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters at­tacked enemy positions in the Marshalls during daylight on May 18 and during the night of May 18‑19. Runways, magazines, power stations and piers were hit. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 410, MAY 21, 1944 

A single Liberator of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Shimushiru and Ketoi Islands in the Kuriles on the night of May 18‑19 (West Longitude Date). No opposition was encountered.

Shimushu Island was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on May 19. Large fires were started at an airfield. Anti­aircraft fire was meager.

Nauru Island was attacked by Mitchell medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force during daylight on May 19 (West Longitude Date). The phosphate workings and defense installations were hit. Explosions and fires were observed. Antiaircraft fire was intense.

Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on May 19. An airfield was the principal target. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Remaining enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed on the night of May 18‑19 and during daylight on May 19 by Catalina and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 411, MAY 22, 1944 

Ponape Island was attacked by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells at sight on May 19 and during daylight on May 20 (West Longitude Date). No opposition was encountered.

Enemy positions in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed by Coronado, 

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Catalina, and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters during the night of May 19‑20 and on May 20. Runways, antiaircraft batteries, and buildings were hit. Antiaircraft fire was meager. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 412, MAY 23, 1944 

Army, Navy, and Marine shore‑based aircraft dropped 230 tons of bombs on Wotje Atoll on May 21 (West Longitude Date). Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters flew 207 sorties in the coordinated attack. Specific targets were strafed by Mitchell bombers and Corsair fighters. Antiaircraft fire was meager. All of our planes returned, although ten suffered minor damage.

Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Mille Atoll on May 21. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 413, MAY 24, 1944 

Paramushiru and Shimushu in the Kurile Islands were bombed by Ven­tura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on May 21 (West Longitude Date). Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. All of our aircraft returned.

A single Ventura search plane of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Shimushu Island before dawn on May 23. No opposition was encountered.

Ponape Island was bombed during daylight on May 22 by Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force. Airfields, gun positions, and buildings were hit and fires started. Meager antiaircraft fire was en­countered. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 521, MAY 25, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of fifteen vessels, includ­ing one combatant ship, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows 

1 destroyer
1 large cargo transport
1 large tanker
2 medium cargo transports
7 medium cargo vessels
1 small transport
1 medium tanker
1 small tanker

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué.

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 45, MAY 25, 1944 

Carrier‑based aircraft of a Pacific Fleet Task Force commanded by Rear Admiral A. E. Montgomery, U. S. Navy, attacked Marcus Island on May 19 and 20 (West Longitude Date) and Wake Island on May 23.

At Marcus our aircraft in 373 sorties dropped 148 tons of bombs on air­drome installations. Ammunition and supply dumps were destroyed and gun positions and buildings damaged. Only two enemy aircraft were seen in the area: one of these a medium bomber was shot down near the target and the other, also a twin‑engine plane, was strafed on the ground. A small cargo ship was set afire north of Marcus. Our losses were four planes and three men.

One hundred and fifty tons of bombs were dropped on Wake in 354 sorties. No enemy aircraft were sighted in the Wake area. Twenty buildings were destroyed and others damaged; storage areas and other airdrome in­stallations were heavily hit. Several small craft were sunk or damaged. None of our planes was shot down. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 415, MAY 25, 1944 

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Ponape Island on May 23 (West Longitude Date).

Enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were attacked on May 23 by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Defense instal­lations were bombed and severely strafed. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 417, MAY 26, 1944 

Shimushu in the Kurile Islands was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on May 24 (West Longitude Date). Several fires were started. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. All of our planes returned. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 419, MAY 26, 1944 

A single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Kusaie Island during daylight on May 25 (West Longitude Date). Medium antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Ponape Island was attacked by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on May 24. An airfield and dock areas were hit. Antiaircraft fire was meager. One of our aircraft was damaged.

Enemy positions in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed on May 24 by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Numerous fires were observed. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. Hits were obtained on anti­aircraft batteries and buildings. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 421, MAY 27, 1944 

Shimushu in the Kurile Islands was bombed by a Ventura search plane of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on May 25 (West Longitude Date). No opposition was encountered. 

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Matsuwa Island was bombed by a Liberator of the Eleventh Army Air Force before dawn on May 25 without opposition.

Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on May 25. Docks, warehouses, and gun positions were hit. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Enemy objectives in the Marshall Islands were bombed on May 25 by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Antiaircraft fire ranged from medium to moderate. Runways, antiaircraft batteries, and barracks were hit. One Corsair fighter made a forced landing near Wotje Atoll and its pilot was rescued. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 423, MAY 29, 1944 

Ponape and Pakin Islands were strafed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers during daylight on May 26 (West Longitude Date). Anti­aircraft fire was meager.

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters bombed and strafed remaining enemy targets in the Marshalls on May 26. Storage areas, runways, and antiaircraft batteries were hit. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 424, MAY 29, 1944 

One hundred and one tons of bombs were dropped on Ponape Island during daylight on May 27 (West Longitude Date) by Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force. Ponape Town and the airfields were principal targets and barracks, hangars, and storage areas were hit. Moder­ate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Fifty tons of bombs were dropped on Wotje Island during the afternoon of May 27 by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters, a Ventura search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Defense installa­tions were hit and several fires started.

Other objectives in the Marshalls were attacked by Navy Venturas and Marine Corsairs on May 27. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to meager. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 425, MAY 30, 1944 

Saipan Island in the Marianas was bombed by Liberator search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force during daylight on May 28 (West Longitude Date). Moderate heavy caliber antiaircraft fire was encountered. Twelve enemy fighters attacked our formation. Two fighters were shot down and two were damaged.

Shimushu Island in the Kuriles was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on May 27. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered.

On May 28 enemy positions in the Marshalls were bombed by Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat. fighters. Runways, barracks, antiaircraft batteries and other defense installations were hit. 

157

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 426, MAY 30, 1944 

Ten officers and enlisted men of the Submarine Forces, Pacific Fleet, were presented awards for distinguished performance of duty by Admiral C. W. Nimitz, Commander in Chief of the Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, in a ceremony at Pearl Harbor on 30 May. 

In presenting the medal awards Admiral Nimitz said: 

"During thirty months of war in the Pacific our submarine forces have penetrated far into Japanese home waters; have cut heavily into the available tonnage of Japanese shipping; and in so doing have prob­ably made more unsung heroes than any other branch of the naval service. The numerous men of distinguished valor who are to be found in the submarine forces receive little public recognition because details of submarine operations cannot be made public for good reasons of military security. It is possible, however, to confer medal awards upon those who have particularly distinguished themselves in undersea war­fare, while the dramatic exploits and achievements which make these awards so richly deserved must remain untold until after the war.

"One of the major reasons why Japan's once grandiose plan for conquest of the entire Pacific has gone glimmering is the enemy's in­ability to maintain control of the sea lanes which he must use to take supplies to his military outposts and bring supplies to the Empire. From the beginning of the war our submarines have challenged that control, and the western Pacific, which normally would be dominated by the enemy, is instead a No Man's Sea in which our submarine forces are daily increasing their interference with and interruption of Japan's war­time commerce and the movement of men and munitions. That our submarines will be joined sooner or later in these intrusion tactics by our surface forces and aircraft must be expected by our enemy.

"Our submarines have sent more than two and a half million tons of Japanese shipping to the ocean floor, and are sending a very consider­able quantity of tonnage into Japanese shipyards for repair, which ties up repair facilities and resources which the Jap needs for other purposes.

"This steady attrition of shipping space available to the enemy is slowly and surely sapping his strength.

"In accomplishing these results the submarine forces have demon­strated skill and daring, and have shown a noteworthy capacity to learn new tactics and new methods of getting the best out of their versatile weapons.

"In recognition of recent outstanding achievements by twelve of your number, I now have the pleasure of presenting individual awards. In presenting these awards, I am simply acting for the President of the United States. If it were possible, our Commander in Chief would de­rive the keenest pleasure from pinning these medals on you himself." 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 427, MAY 31, 1944 

A single Liberator of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Shimushiru Island in the Kuriles before dawn on May 29 (West Longitude Date). No opposition was encountered. Another Eleventh Army Air Force Liberator bombed Matsuwa Island before dawn on May 29.

158

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru and Shimushu Islands in the Kuriles before dawn on May 29. Moderate antiair­craft fire was encountered. Large fires were started at Shimushu. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 428, JUNE 1, 1944 

Shimushu Island in the Kuriles was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on May 30 (West Longitude Date). Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters bombed and strafed enemy positions in the Marshalls on May 29. Runways, piers, and antiaircraft batteries were hit. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 429, JUNE 1, 1944 

Guam Island was bombed by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force during daylight on May 28 (West Longitude Date). Approximately ten enemy fighters attempted to intercept our formation. One fighter was prob­ably shot down. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to intense.

Truk Atoll was attacked by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators at night on May 30. The airstrips were hit, and a fire started which was visible one hundred fifty miles. One enemy plane was in the air over the target. Anti­aircraft fire was meager.

Wake Island was bombed on May 30 by Seventh Army Air Force Liber­ators, which obtained hits on Peacock and Wilkes Islands and Heel Point. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Ponape Island was raided by Seventh Army Air Force Mite‑hells during daylight on May 30. Gun positions, runways, and defense installations were hit. Antiaircraft fire was meager and no interception was attempted.

Enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed and severely strafed on May 30 by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Daunt­less dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters. Blockhouses, barracks and coastal guns were hit. Antiaircraft fire was meager. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 430, JUNE 2, 1944 

Shimushu in the Kurile Islands was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on May 31 (West Longitude Date). Several large and small fires were started in the vicinity of the airfield. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. All of our planes returned. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 431, JUNE 3, 1944 

A single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed ship­ping and shore installations at Truk Atoll at night on June 1 (West Longi­tude Date). Four one‑thousand‑pound bombs were dropped over a medium cargo vessel, two of them scoring direct hits and two straddling the vessel, which was believed sunk. The search plane then strafed a number of small 

159

cargo vessels, the seaplane base at Dublon and the airstrips at Eten Island. Two of the small vessels were set on fire, fires were started at Dublon Island and Eten Island, and an ammunition dump exploded. In retiring the search plane was pursued by a single enemy plane which did not make an attack. Over the target antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Two Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Shimushiru Island in the Kuriles before dawn on June 1. No opposition was encountered.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru and Shimushu Island before dawn on June 1. Fires were started. Antiaircraft fire was light and inaccurate. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 432, JUNE 4, 1944 

Shimushu and Paramushiru Islands in the Kuriles were bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on June 2 (West Longitude Date). Two large fires were started on Shimushu. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. Matsuwa Island was bombed by Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force before dawn on June 2. No opposition was encountered. All of our planes returned.

Truk Atoll was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators before dawn on June 3. Forty‑one tons of bombs were dropped on storage areas and on runways. Several fires and explosions were observed. Antiaircraft fire was meager. Two enemy fighters attempted to attack our force but did no damage.

Nauru Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers and search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two on June 2. Antiaircraft bat­teries were hit and fires Started. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on June 1. An airfield, hangars, and adjacent buildings were hit. No antiair­craft fire was encountered.

Remaining enemy objectives in the Marshalls were attacked by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters on May 31 and on June 1 and 2. In these raids antiaircraft batteries, coastal defense guns, runways and barracks were strafed and bombed. Antiaircraft fire was generally meager. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 522, JUNE 5, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of sixteen vessels in operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows: 

1 large transport
1 large cargo vessel
7 medium cargo vessels
2 small cargo vessels
4 medium cargo transports
1 small cargo transport

2. These actions have not been reported in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué.

160

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 523, JUNE 5, 1944

Atlantic. 

1. The Escort Carrier USS Block Island was sunk in the Atlantic during May, 1944 as the result of enemy action.

2. The next of kin of casualties, which were light, have been notified. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 433, JUNE 5, 1944 

Several enemy patrol‑type vessels were sighted west of Truk Atoll on June 2 (West Longitude Date) and attacked by a single search plane. One was probably sunk and all were heavily strafed. On June 3 another search plane sighted the disposition and made an attack which resulted in the sink­ing of one of the auxiliaries and severe damage to another.

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Ketoi Island in the Kuriles before dawn on June 4. No opposition was encountered. A single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru Island before dawn on June 4. All of our planes returned from these operations. 

JUNE 6, 1944 

MEMORANDUM TO THE PRESS 

The following was given to the press by Admiral Royal E. Ingersoll, USN, Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet, at the press conference of Secre­tary of the Navy James Forrestal today: 

"Recently on a brilliant moonlight night one of our destroyer escorts sighted a submarine, fully surfaced, silhouetted against the moon. The de­stroyer escort immediately rang up full speed and headed for the submarine, opening fire with all her guns. The submarine elected to fight it out and opened fire with her deck guns and machine guns, tracers passing high over the bridge of the destroyer escort. The submarine maneuvered at high speed and fired a torpedo. The destroyer escort closed the range rapidly, following the sub's evasive maneuvers and burying the sub under a withering fire at point blank range, machine guns and three inch forecastle guns. The range finally closed until the submarine was only 20 yards away. All fire on the submarine having ceased at this point the destroyer escort rode up on the forecastle of the submarine where she stuck. Men began swarming out of the submarine and up onto the destroyer escort's forecastle. The destroyer escort opened up on them with machine guns, tommy guns and rifle fire. Ammunition expended at this time included several general mess coffee cups which happened to be at the gun stations. Two of the enemy were hit on the head with these. Empty cartridge cases also proved effective for re­pelling the boarders. During this heated encounter the destroyer escort suffered her only casualty of the engagement, when a husky seaman bruised his fist knocking one of the enemy over the side.

"At this stage of the battle the boatswain's mate in charge forward with a 45 Colt revolver and a Chief Firecontrolman with a tommy gun accounted for a number of those attempting to board. The destroyer escort then de­cided to back off to stop any more enemy trying to board her. Again the running battle was resumed, hits falling like rain on the sub's topside. Even shallow depth charges were used against the submarine. The destroyer es­cort rammed a second time and then the submarine rolled slowly over.

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Personnel on the escort's deck had a clear view into the conning tower which was ablaze. A torpedoman threw a hand grenade which dropped through the sub's conning tower before exploding. The submarine finally sank with her diesel engines still running, and the conning tower hatch open, fire blazing from It.

"The commanding officer of the destroyer escort was a young Lieutenant Commander in the Naval Reserve, who came on active duty in 1941." 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 434, JUNE 6, 1944 

Truk Atoll was bombed during the night of June 3‑4 (West Longitude Date) by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force. The airfields at Moen and Param Islands were hit. Four enemy fighters were airborne but did not attack our force. Antiaircraft fire was meager and inaccurate.

Ponape Island was attacked on the night of June 3 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators and on June 4 by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells. Installations on Langar Island and antiaircraft batteries were hit.

Lauru Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells during daylight on June 3, and by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on June 5. Gun positions were the principal targets. Antiaircraft fire was intense.

Enemy positions in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed on June 3‑4

search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two, Corsair fighters and Dauntless live bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Gun positions and runways were hit. Antiaircraft fire was meager. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 435, JUNE 7, 1944 

Guam Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators and Liberator search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two during daylight on June 5 (West Longitude Date). Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to intense. Our force was not attacked by enemy aircraft. All of our planes returned.

Nauru Island was bombed on June 5 by Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two. The barracks area, phosphate plant, and gun positions were principal targets.

Ponape Island was attacked by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on June 5. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

On June 4 Mille Atoll in the Marshalls was attacked by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. Runways were principal targets. Light caliber antiaircraft fire was intense.

A search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two sighted a group of small enemy cargo ships proceeding northwest of Truk on June 5, and attacked and damaged one of the vessels. Another search plane shot down an enemy torpedo bomber west of Truk on June 5. 

JOINT STATEMENT, JUNE 9, 1944 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti­submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

"During May our shipping losses have been by far the lowest for 

162

any month of the war, and they have in fact been a fraction of the losses inflicted on enemy shipping by our warships and aircraft, although their merchant shipping is petty compared to that of the Allies.

"There has been a lull in the operations of the U‑boats which perhaps indicates preparation for a renewed offensive. The change which had come over the scene is illustrated by the fact that in spite of the few U‑boats at sea, several are now sent to the bottom for each merchant ship sunk whereas formerly each U‑boat accounted for a considerable number of merchant ships before being destroyed.

"This is to be ascribed to the vigilance and to the relentless attacks of our Anglo‑American‑Canadian and other anti‑U‑boat forces, including the scientists who support them in a brilliant manner." 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 438, JUNE 9, 1944 

Truk Atoll was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on the night of June 7‑8 (West Longitude Date). Airfields were the principal tar­gets. Antiaircraft fire was meager and inaccurate.

Ponape Island was attacked by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on the evening of June 6 and at night on June 8. Airfields, plantation areas, and Ponape Town were bombed. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Pakin and Nauru Islands on June 6. Antiaircraft batteries were hit at Pakin Island.

Enemy positions in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters on June 6 and 7. Runways, coastal gun emplacements, and antiaircraft batteries were principal targets. A Corsair fighter was downed near Mille Atoll on June 7 and its pilot rescued by a destroyer. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 439, JUNE 10, 1944 

Truk Atoll was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on June 8 (West Longitude Date). No opposition was encountered.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Nauru Island on June 7 and 8 and Ocean Island on June 7. Barracks and gun emplacements were hit. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to intense. Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells bombed Nauru Island on June 8, hitting coastal defense guns and antiaircraft emplacements. Antiaircraft fire was intense.

A single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed gun positions at Puluwat Island on June 9.

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Ponape Is­land on June 7. Hangars near the seaplane base and shops were hit. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered. On June 8 a single Seventh Army Air Force Liberator bombed Ponape.

Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Air­craft Wing, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Navy Hellcat fighters bombed and strafed remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls on June 7 and 8. Piers and antiaircraft batteries were bombed. At one objective a large explosion was caused near an antiaircraft emplacement. On June 8

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two Corsair fighters were downed by antiaircraft fire near Maloelap. One of the pilots was rescued by a destroyer. A Dauntless dive bomber was shot down near Mille the same day and its pilot rescued by a destroyer. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 46, JUNE 11, 1944 

A powerful Pacific Fleet Task Force struck enemy positions on Saipan, Tinian, and Guam, in the Mariana Islands, with carrier aircraft on June 10 (West Longitude Date). Further details are not now available. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 524, JUNE 12, 1944

Mediterranean. 

1. PC‑558 was sunk as a result of enemy action in the Mediterranean on May 9, 1944.

2. The next of kin of casualties have been notified. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 525, JUNE 12, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported sinking eighteen vessels as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows: 

1 large tanker
1 medium transport
6 medium cargo transports 6 medium cargo vessels
4 small cargo vessels

2. These actions have not been reported in any previous Navy De­partment communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 441, JUNE 12, 1944 

Carrier aircraft again struck Guam, Rota, Tinian, and Saipan on‑ June 11 (West Longitude Date).

Truk Atoll was attacked by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force at night on June 9 and 10. Airfields at Param, Eten, Dublon and Moen Islands were principal targets. Several fires were started.

Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on the night of June 9. Ponape Town and gun positions were hit.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Ocean Island during daylight on June 9, encountering moderate antiaircraft fire. Two of the planes continued to Nauru Island to strafe small craft there.

On June 10 Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Nauru, and started fires visible twenty miles. Heavy antiaircraft fire downed one Mitchell bomber. A Catalina search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two rescued the crew.

Enemy Positions in the Marshalls were bombed and strafed on June 9, during the night of June 9‑10, and on June 10. Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Catalina search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and Navy Hellcat fighters participated in these attacks. Coastal defense guns and antiaircraft batteries were hit. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 47, JUNE 13, 1944 

Supplementing Pacific Ocean Areas communiqué Number 46, the following information is now available concerning operations of Pacific Fleet Forces against enemy installations at Guam, Saipan, Tinian, and Rota Islands in the Marianas. These objectives were attacked by carrier aircraft on June 10 and 11 (West Longitude Dates).

On June 10 our fighter planes swept the objectives in force and destroyed 124 enemy aircraft. A large majority of these were destroyed in the sir. Our losses were 11 Hellcat fighters and eight pilots.

On June 11 our attacks were continued, resulting in the destruction of 16 enemy aircraft, two small cargo ships at Saipan, and a small oiler north­west of Saipan.

A formation of enemy ships apparently attempting to escape from Saipan was brought under attack on June 11. One large oiler, one destroyer, three corvettes, one large cargo ship, one medium cargo ship, and three small cargo ships were sunk; five medium cargo ships and five escort vessels were damaged.

A second formation of enemy ships several hundred miles away was at­tacked and heavily damaged by our aircraft on June 12. These were: three destroyers, one destroyer escort, and two cargo ships.

In the operations on June 11 our losses were four aircraft and seven flight personnel.

On the night of June 10 several enemy planes approached our force, but failed to drive home an attack, and one of them was shot down by antiaircraft fire. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 442, JUNE 13, 1944 

Truk Atoll was bombed by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force be­fore dawn on June 12 (West Longitude Date). Thirty‑eight tons of bombs were dropped on airfields and the seaplane base. Three enemy fighters Inter­cepted our force, and damaged one Liberator. Antiaircraft fire was meager. All of our planes returned.

Ventura search planes of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, bombed Nauru and Ocean Islands on June 11. Gun positions and barracks were attacked. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on June 11, meeting light antiaircraft fire.

In the Marshalls Navy and Marine fighters and dive bombers attacked Maloelap and Wotje Atolls on June 11. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 48, JUNE 14, 1944 

Attacks directed against enemy positions in the Southern Marianas con­tinued on June 13 (West Longitude Date).

Battleships, cruisers, and destroyers of the Pacific Fleet bombarded Tinian and Saipan Islands on June 12. Large fires were started at Tanapag Harbor, and in the towns of Garapan and Charan Kanoa. Our ships suffered no dam­age.

Further air attacks were coordinated with the Naval shelling of Tinian and Saipan.

Pagan island was attacked by carrier aircraft on June 12. Enemy In­stallations were well worked over and three enemy aircraft were destroyed and one probably destroyed.

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In operations on June 11 our forces have reported the following additional losses: Three fighter planes, one dive bomber, and four flight personnel.

More than 60 survivors of an enemy ship bombed and sunk northwest of Saipan on June 11 have been rescued and made prisoners of war.

On June 12 and 13 ships and aircraft of the Pacific Fleet attacked enemy installations in the Kuriles. A fleet task force bombarded Matsuwa Island and aircraft bombed Shimushu and Paramushiru Islands with airfields as their principal targets. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 443, JUNE 14, 1944 

The Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet, has received a preliminary re­port from Rear Admiral J. F. Shafroth, U. S. Navy, president of a board of inquiry convened to investigate an explosion and fire which occurred on May 21, 1944, among a group of landing craft moored in Pearl Harbor.

The following casualties were caused by the explosion of ammunition being unloaded and the subsequent fire: Dead; Army 8, Navy 9, Marine Corps 10. Missing; Army 53, Navy 21, Coast Guard 26. Injured; Army 56, Navy 143, Coast Guard 3, Marine Corps 159, civilian 19.

This accident was originally announced in Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas Press Release Number 414. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 444, JUNE 14, 1944 

On June 11 an explosion occurred near a magazine maintained by the Naval Ammunition Depot on Oahu Island. Several torpedo warheads being transferred from a truck to a platform were detonated in the explosion. Some damage was caused in the magazine area and minor damage was done to power lines and railroad tracks.

Three men were killed and seven are missing as a result of the accident. The names of casualties are being withheld pending notification to the next of kin. A court of inquiry of which Rear Admiral T. S. Wilkinson, U. S. Navy, is senior member, has been convened to investigate the accident. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 445, JUNE 14, 1944 

Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force and Liberator search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Group One, bombed Truk Atoll during daylight on June 12 (West Longitude Date). Airfields were hit and several fires started. Approximately 15 enemy fighters attempted to attack our force. One of their planes was shot down, two probably shot down, and four damaged. Two additional fighters were probably destroyed on the ground. All of our planes returned.

Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on June 12.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Group One, attacked Ocean and Nauru Islands on June 12. Barracks and antiaircraft positions were hit.

Enemy positions in the Marshalls were attacked by Ventura and Catalina search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters on June 12 and during the night of June 12‑13. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 49, JUNE 15, 1944 

Operations for the seizure of Saipan Island in the Mariana Group have been initiated by strong Pacific Ocean Areas forces.

Assault troops have effected landings on Saipan Island, following inten­sive preparatory bombardment of Saipan, Tinian, Pagan, Guam and Rota Islands by carrier‑based aircraft and by a portion of the battleships, cruisers and destroyers of the Pacific Fleet.

Landings are being continued against strong opposition under cover of supporting bombardment by our air and surface forces. Initial reports indicate that our casualties are moderate. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 50, JUNE 15, 1944 

Assault troops have secured beachheads on Saipan Island and are ad­vancing inland against artillery, mortar, and machine gun fire. Virtually all heavy coastal and antiaircraft batteries on the island were knocked out by Naval gunfire and bombing. Our troops have captured Agingan Point. In the town of Charan Kanoa, brisk fighting is continuing.

The enemy has attempted several counterattacks with tanks. These at­tacks have been broken up by our troops with the support of ships and air­craft.

In general, fighting is heavy but good progress is being made against well organized defenses. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 51, JUNE 16, 1944 

Chichi Jima, and Haha Jima in the Bonin Islands and Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands were attacked by carrier aircraft on June 14 (West Longitude Date). Thirty‑three enemy fighters which attempted to intercept our forces at Chichi Jima were shot down. Four multi‑engined seaplanes were damaged at Chichi Jima. At Iwo Jima two airborne enemy aircraft were probably destroyed and 14 were destroyed on the ground.

One medium cargo ship was sunk by bombing at Chichi Jima, and four small cargo ships and six small craft were damaged. A medium transport, discovered underway near the Bonins, was heavily damaged by aircraft and later sunk by one of our destroyers. One hundred and twelve survivors were rescued and made prisoners of war.

Ground installations, including barracks, airfields, and fuel tanks were bombed by our aircraft.

Our losses were four aircraft and five flight personnel. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 52, JUNE 16, 1944 

United States assault troops are engaged in bitter fighting against defend­ing forces on Saipan Island.

On June 14 (West Longitude Date) and during the night of June 14‑15 our troops were withdrawn a short distance toward the beach in some sectors in the face of intense mortar and artillery fire. Positions were consolidated and during the night our Naval forces carried out a heavy bombardment of enemy strong points. 

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On the morning of June 15 enemy resistance in the strongly held sector north of Charan Kanoa was broken. At midday a major element of our forces commenced an attack which advanced our line nearly one half mile in the southern sector of the island. Lesser advances were made in other sectors.

Our assumption that Saipan Island would be strongly held because of its strategic location in the Japanese defensive system has been proven correct. Preliminary estimates indicate there are upwards of two divisions of enemy troops defending Saipan. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 53, JUNE 17, 1944 

United States Marines supported by elements of an Army Infantry divi­sion have improved their positions on Saipan Island, and are driving forward toward Aslito airdrome. Harassment of our beachheads by enemy mortar fire has been considerably reduced.

On the night of June 14 (West Longitude Date) enemy torpedo planes launched an attack against our carrier force, but were repulsed without damage to our ships.

Our heavy surface units bombarded Guam Island on June 15.

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Matsuwa, Paramu­shiru and Shimushiru on June 14. Five enemy aircraft were airborne near Matsuwa but only one attempted to attack our force, and did no damage. Fourteen enemy fighters appeared over Paramushiru and several made attacks causing damage to one of our planes. One enemy fighter was probably shot down and an enemy medium bomber was damaged. Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four also bombed Paramushiru and Shimushu on June 14. Fifteen enemy fighters attacked our force, causing minor damage to several of our aircraft. Shimushiru was again attacked by Eleventh Army Air Force Liberators on June 15.

Army, Navy and Marine aircraft of Central Pacific Air Forces bombed objectives in the Marshall Islands and Eastern Caroline Islands on June 13 and 15 (West Longitude Date.) 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 54, JUNE 17, 1944 

United States Marines and Army troops advancing east across the south­ern portion of Saipan Island, made gains averaging 1500 yards during the night of June 15‑16 and on June 16 (West Longitude Date). The area now held by our forces extends from a point just south of Garapan for a distance of approximately five and one half miles to Agingan and extends inland two miles at the point of deepest penetration. Our forces have captured Hinashisu due east of Lake Susupe.

Our positions were under sustained enemy fire during the night of June 15‑16, and before dawn on June 16 the enemy launched a determined counter­attack. This attack, which was broken up, cost the enemy heavily in lives and destroyed more than 25 enemy tanks.

Early in the morning of June 16 our troops launched the offensive which resulted in general advances. Some of our forward echelons penetrated the Naval air base at Aslito Airdrome but were later withdrawn under severe enemy fire.

During the action on June 16 our aircraft bombed and strafed enemy posi‑

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tions, and during the night of June 15‑16 enemy strong points were shelled by our ships.

On June 15 one of our destroyer transports encountered five enemy coastal cargo ships and sank them. Twenty‑nine survivors were rescued and made prisoners of war. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 448, JUNE 17, 1944 

As the South Pacific has become relatively quiet, Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr., U. S. Navy, has been relieved of command of the South Pacific Area and the South Pacific Force. He will henceforth command the Third Fleet which will operate in the Pacific Ocean in the same way that the Fifth Fleet is operating under command of Admiral Raymond A. Spruance, USN 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 55, JUNE 18, 1944 

In the early morning of June 17 (West Longitude date) the enemy launched an amphibious counterattack against our forces on Saipan. A group of troop‑carrying barges attempted a landing south of Garapan, but were re­pulsed by our armed landing craft. Thirteen enemy barges were sunk. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 56, JUNE 19, 1944 

Our assault troops on Saipan Island have captured Aslito Airdrome and have driven eastward across the island to Magicienne Bay, where we hold the western shore. Two pockets of enemy resistance remain east of Lake Susupe. The enemy continues to counterattack, but all attacks have been suc­cessfully repulsed.

Seabees are at work on the airstrips at Aslito Airdrome.

On June 18 (West Longitude Date) our carrier task force providing cover and support for our amphibious force was subjected to a severe aerial attack which continued for several hours.

The attack was successfully repulsed by our carrier aircraft and antiair­craft fire. Information presently available indicates that only one of our surface units was damaged, and this damage was minor.

It is believed a portion of the enemy planes were carrier‑based, and used nearby shore bases as shuttle points. However the effectiveness of this pro­cedure was sharply limited by our systematic bombing and strafing of the air­fields at Guam and Rota.

It is estimated that more than 300 enemy aircraft were destroyed by our forces during this engagement. No estimate is yet available of our own air­craft losses. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 526, JUNE 20, 1944 

1. The submarine, USS Grayback, is overdue from patrol and must be presumed to be lost.

2. The next of kin of casualties of the Grayback have been so notified. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 57, JUNE 20, 1944 

United States Marines and Army infantrymen are continuing to advance on Saipan Island closely supported by aircraft bombing by Army and Marine artillery and Naval gunfire against severe enemy artillery fire. Our troops now hold the entire southern portion of the island from the southern out­skirts of Garapan across to the center of the western shore of Magicienne Bay. Several strong pockets of enemy resistance within this area are being heavily attacked by our forces.

During June 19 (West Longitude Date) the airfields on Tinian Island were bombed by our aircraft and shelled by our surface units. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 450, JUNE 20, 1944 

Truk Atoll was bombed by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on June 18 (West Longitude Date). Airfields on Moen Island were principal targets. No fighter interference was encountered and antiaircraft fire was meager.

A single Seventh Army Air Force Liberator bombed Ponape on June 18.

Nauru Island was attacked on June 18 by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers which shelled and bombed antiaircraft emplacements and buildings. Antiaircraft fire was intense but inaccurate.

Enemy positions in the Marshalls were attacked during the day and night of June 18 by Catalina search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and Navy Hellcat fighters. Antiaircraft fire did sufficient damage to a Dauntless dive bomber to force it down on the water before reaching its base. The crew was rescued by a Catalina search plane of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 58, JUNE 21, 1944 

In the afternoon of June 19 (West Longitude Date) carrier‑based recon­naissance planes of the Fifth Fleet sighted a Japanese fleet, which included carriers and battleships, approximately midway between the Mariana Islands and Luzon. Aircraft of our fast carrier task force were immediately ordered to attack and made contact with the enemy fleet before dusk. Enemy losses and our own losses have not yet been assessed. Additional details will be made known as they become available.

In the ground fighting on Saipan Island, our assault troops made ad­vances in a northly direction along the western shore of Magicienne Bay and made progress against an enemy strong point at Nafutan Point. Severe fighting continues. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 452, JUNE 21, 1944 

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Shimushu in the Kuriles before dawn on June 17 (West Longitude Date). Fires were started near the airfield. No opposition was encountered. Paramushiru Island was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four and Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force before dawn on June 19. Antiaircraft fire was meager and no attempt was made, to intercept our force.

Truk Atoll was attacked by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators during 

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daylight on June 19. Intense antiaircraft fire was encountered but there was no fighter opposition. Ponape Island was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators and Mitchells on June 19.

Mille, Maloelap and Wotje Atolls were bombed on June 19 by Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Ventura and Catalina search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Group One, and Navy Hellcat fighters. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 59, JUNE 22, 1944 

1. During the attack by enemy carrier‑type aircraft on our ships on June 18 (West Longitude Date), 353 enemy aircraft were shot down of which 335 were destroyed by our carrier aircraft and 18 by our own antiaircraft fire. This is a revision of the estimate contained in communiqué No. 56.

Two of our carriers and one of our battleships received superficial dam­age. We lost 21 aircraft in combat.

2. The following information is now available concerning the attack of our carrier aircraft upon units of the Japanese fleet in the late afternoon of June 19 (West Longitude Date).

The enemy forces attacked consisted of: Four or more battleships, five or six carriers, five fleet tankers, and attached cruisers and destroyers.

On the basis of information presently available, our planes inflicted the following damage

One carrier, believed to be the Zuikaku, received three 1,000‑pound bomb hits.

One Hayataka Class carrier was sunk.

One Hayataka Class carrier was severely damaged and left burning furiously.

One light carrier of the Zuiho or Taiho Class received at least one bomb hit.

One Kongo Class battleship was damaged.

One cruiser was damaged.

Three destroyers were damaged, one of which is believed to have sunk.

Three tankers were sunk.

Two tankers were severely damaged and left burning.

Fifteen to 20 defending aircraft were shot down.

Our losses were 49 aircraft, including many which landed in the water at night and from which an as yet undetermined number of pilots and aircrewmen have been rescued. Search for others is continuing.

3. The engagement was broken off by the Japanese fleet which fled during the night toward the channel between Formosa and Luzon.

The Pacific Fleet units in these two actions were commanded by Admiral R. A: Spruance. The carrier task force was under the immediate tactical command of Vice Admiral M. A. Mitscher. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 60, JUNE 22, 1944 

Our troops on Saipan Island have made further advances of more than a mile along the shoreline of Magicienne Bay to the town of Laulau and have advanced about a mile up Mount Tapotchau. The pocket of enemy resistance tat Nafutan Point has been reduced by one half, and our forces have gained

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the heights of Mount Nafutan on the east coast. Heavy pressure is being maintained night and day against enemy troop concentrations and defense works by our aircraft, Army and Marine artillery, and Naval gunfire.

At night on June 20 (West Longitude Date) several enemy aircraft dropped bombs near our transports and along shore but did no damage. Sporadic fire has been directed against our ships by shore batteries but the enemy emplacements have been quickly knocked out. 

JUNE 22, 1944 

STATEMENT BY SECRETARY OF THE NAVY JAMES FORRESTAL 

"Under the circumstances our Fleet did a magnificent job, but the Navy is not going to be satisfied until the Japanese Fleet is wiped out.

"The Japanese were extremely cautious and never came very far to the eastward so that the bulk of our forces could engage them. As a result, we were able to send home but one air attack at very long range from our carriers just before dark.

"Some of the Japanese vessels which were damaged may be able to make port and eventually return to the fight. This is especially true of the war­ships, only one of which is reported as definitely sunk." 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 527, JUNE 23, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 16 vessels, including one Naval auxiliary, as a result A operations in these waters, as follows:

11 medium cargo vessels
4 small cargo vessels
1 medium Naval auxiliary 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 61, JUNE 23, 1944 

A Pacific Fleet submarine torpedoed a Shokaku Class carrier on June 18 (West Longitude Date). Three torpedo hits were obtained and the Japanese carrier is regarded as probably sunk.

Supplementing Pacific Ocean Areas communiqué No. 59, the following more detailed information is now available concerning the strike by carriers of the Fifth. Fleet against units of the Japanese fleet on June 19:

One small carrier of unidentified class previously reported damaged received two aerial torpedo hits.

One destroyer previously reported damaged sank.

Two additional Japanese navy twin‑engined bombers were shot down by carrier aircraft returning to our carriers after attacking the Japanese force.

Ponape Island was bombed on June 20 by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers, and on June 21 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. Gun positions were principal targets.

Seventy tons of bombs were dropped on Truk Atoll by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on June 20 and 21. On June 20 five enemy aircraft 

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attempted to intercept our force. Two enemy fighters were damaged, and one Liberator was damaged. On June 21 nine enemy aircraft attempted to Inter­cept our force. One Liberator was damaged and one enemy fighter. All of our planes returned.

Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Catalina search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Navy Hellcat fighters carried out attacks in the Marshalls on June 20 and 21, bombing and strafing gun positions and targets of opportunity. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 62, JUNE 24, 1944 

1. Carrier aircraft of the fast carrier task force swept Iwo Jima in the Bonin Islands on June 23 (West Longitude Date). Sixty or more enemy air­craft of a force which attempted to intercept our fighters were shot down. Twelve of the enemy planes found our carriers and all of these were shot down by our combat air patrols. We lost four fighters. There was no damage to our surface ships.

2. Pagan Island in the northern Marianas was attacked by carrier air­craft on June 22. The following damage was inflicted on the enemy:

Four small cargo ships and one sampan, sunk.
Two small cargo ships and 12 sampans, damaged.
Four enemy aircraft destroyed and two probably destroyed on the ground.
A flight consisting of one twin‑engine bomber and five Zero fighters Inter­cepted some distance from our carrier force was shot down.
A wharf and fuel dumps at Pagan were destroyed and buildings and run­ways were damaged.

We lost one Hellcat fighter and one pilot.

3. United States Marines and Army troops are pushing ahead on Saipan Island and have made new gains along the northern shore of Magicienne Bay. Booby traps and land mines are being extensively employed by the enemy. Two enemy aircraft detected in the Saipan area were shot down by carrier aircraft of the fighter screen on June 21. Coastal guns on Tinian Island have intermittently shelled our ships at anchor of Saipan, but have done little damage. On June 23 the airfields on Tinian Island were heavily bombed and shelled.

4. The airstrip and buildings at Rota Island were attacked by carrier aircraft on June 22. A medium cargo ship at Rota was sunk by an aerial torpedo. Our planes received no damage.

5. Shimushu Island in the Kuriles was attacked by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on June 23. In the Central Pacific, Army, Navy, and Marine aircraft continued neutralization raids on June 23 against enemy positions in the Marshall and Caroline Islands. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 63, JUNE 25, 1944 

On the basis of latest reports received tabulating damage inflicted upon the enemy during operations in the Mariana Islands, the following revisions are necessary.

A) During the attack by enemy carrier aircraft on our ships on June 18 (West Longitude Date), 402 enemy aircraft were destroyed, of which 369 were shot down by our carrier‑based fighters, 18 by antiaircraft fire; and 15 were

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destroyed on the ground. We lost 18 pilots and 6 aircrewmen from 27 aircraft shot down by the enemy.

B) In the attack by our carrier aircraft upon units of the Japanese Fleet in the late afternoon of June 19, one heavy cruiser and one light cruiser, neither of which was previously reported, were damaged. One light carrier, not previously reported, received seven 500‑pound bomb hits. One of the three tankers previously reported sunk has been. transferred to the severely damaged category. 26 enemy aircraft were shot down, instead of the previously re­ported 17 to 22. We lost 22 pilots and 27 aircrewmen from 95 aircraft either shot down by the enemy or forced to land in the water.

C) In the fighter sweep over Iwo Jima in the Volcano Island on June 23, 116 enemy aircraft were shot down, and 11 were probably shot down. We lost five fighters instead of four.

On June 24, United States Marines and Army troops on Saipan launched an attack, preceded by intense artillery and Naval gunfire preparation, which resulted in advances on our Western flank around Mount Tapotchau, ranging from 500 to 800 yards. Strong enemy opposition continues. Enemy aircraft dropped bombs among our transports off Saipan on June 23, doing minor dam­age to several landing craft. During the evening of June 23 a small fight of enemy planes dropped several bombs in the area occupied by our forces on Saipan. Casualties were very light.

On June 23, Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Truk Atoll, and Army, Navy and Marine aircraft continued their reduction of enemy defenses in the Marshall and Caroline Islands. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 528, JUNE 26, 1944

Mediterranean Area. 

1. The U. S. Destroyer Escort Fechteler was sunk in the Mediterranean during the month of May as the result of enemy action.

2. The next of kin of the casualties have been notified. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 64, JUNE 26, 1944 

United States Marines scaled Mount Topatchau on June 24 (West Longi­tude Date) and have established positions near its summit. Further ground was gained along the western shore, and more of the southern portion of Garapan fell to our forces. Simultaneously, substantial gains were made along the eastern shore, and the gagman Peninsula is now entirely in our hands. In the center of our lines progress was slowed by enemy troops occupying caves in cliffs overlooking our positions. Our troops have advanced beyond and surrounded this pocket of resistance, and it is being subjected to artillery fire at close range. In the south, small gains were made against enemy troops cornered on Nafutan Peninsula. In these operations three coastal defense guns were captured on Kagman Peninsula. To date our forces have destroyed 36 enemy tanks and captured 40 more.

Guam and Rota Islands in the Marianas were attacked by aircraft of our fast carrier task force on June 24 (West Longitude Date). At Guam, six enemy aircraft were destroyed on the Orote Peninsula airfield, and two were probably destroyed: Runway revetments were bombed. A large cargo vessel in Apra Harbor, damaged in a previous strike, was attacked again. Several

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tons of bombs were dropped on the airstrip near Agana Town, and one enemy plane was destroyed on the ground and eight to ten were damaged. At Rota Island, revetments and buildings were bombed, and fires started. Two enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground.

Paramushiru and Shimushu in the Kurile Islands were bombed by Libera­tors of the Eleventh Army Air Force and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on June 24, starting large fires. Intense antiaircraft fire was encountered. All of our planes returned.

Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy Hellcat fighters continued neutralization raids in the Marshalls on June 24. 

JUNE 28, 1944 

NAVAL ADVANCE TO THE WESTWARD 

The advance of our Naval forces to the westward began with the reoccupa­tion of Attu and Kiska in the far north, and the capture of the most important islands in the Solomons group in the far south.

From our far northern bases we began attacking the Japanese Kuriles from the air. We have also made several surface vessel bombardments against the enemy's shore installations in the Kurile chain.

In the south, the successful termination of the Solomons campaign made possible air and surface raids against Japanese garrisons in the Bismarck Archipelago and along the northern New Guinea Coast.

With our positions in the far north and in the south firmly established the next step was the squeeze made in the middle of the enemy's perimeter. This resulted in the capture of the Gilbert Islands. Following that, the Marshall campaign then gave us Kwajalein, Majuro; and Eniwetok. .Farther to the south we took the Admiralty Islands and also important positions on New Britain. Then strategic areas along the northern New Guinea coast fell to us with the. result that we were then able to launch air and. surface attacks against Truk, Ponape, Kusaie and other islands in the Caroline group, from several directions. We also were able to strike from Australia in the far south against Japanese positions in Java. But it was the capture of certain of the Marshalls group that permitted us to launch our surface and air attacks as far west‑as Palau, Guam, Saipan, Rota and the Bonin Islands.

Our last offensive blow, aimed in the ultimate capture of Saipan, already has permitted our air and surface fleets to strike still farther westward. The final occupation of Saipan will enable us to project surface and air operations that will include the mainland of Japan, the Philippines and a greater part of the Dutch East Indies. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 65, JUNE 28, 1944 

1. United States Marine and Army troops have made further gains on Saipan Island, pushing north nearly two miles along the east coast, passing the villages of Donnay and Hashigoru: On the west coast, further penetra­tions have been made into Garapan Town. Enemy troops broke through our lines containing them on Nafutan Point on the night of June 26 (West Longi­tude Date), and attempted to drive northward. Two hundred enemy troops were killed in this counterattack. The next day further attacks were launched

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by our forces against Nafutan Point and the enemy now holds only the extreme tip of the point.

Close support is now being given our troops by shore‑based aircraft operat­ing from Aslito Airdrome. Tinian Island has been subjected to protracted daily bombardment to neutralize enemy positions there.

On the night of June 25 several enemy torpedo planes attacked a carrier group screening our transports. Several torpedoes were launched, but no hits were obtained. One enemy plane was shot down, and another probably shot down. During the night of June 26‑27 enemy aircraft again attacked our transports, but all bombs landed in the water. One near miss on a transport injured a member of the crew.

2. Surface units of the Pacific Fleet bombarded Kurabu Zaki at the southern tip of Paramushiru in the Kuriles on the night of June 25‑26.

Paramushiru and Shimushu Islands were bombed by Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on June 25 and 26. Several fires were started in these raids. Antiaircraft fire was intense. Eleven enemy fighters attacked a single Ventura of Fleet Air Wing Four near the airfield at Paramushiru before dawn on June 26. Two of the attacking planes were damaged, and one disappeared into a fog bank trailing smoke. The Ventura returned with superficial damage.

3. Carrier aircraft swept Guam and Rota Islands in the Marianas on June 26. Fuel reservoirs and coastal defense gun positions were bombed. three small craft in Apra Harbor at Guam were destroyed. The cargo vessel damaged in previous strikes was observed to have sunk. At Rota the airstrip was strafed and buildings were set afire. There was no enemy air opposition during these attacks.

4. Truk Atoll was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on June 25. One of five enemy fighters which intercepted our force was shot down. We suffered no damage. Army and Marine aircraft attacked enemy objectives in the Marshalls on June 25.

5. An enemy twin‑engine bomber was shot down south of the Hall Islands by a search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two, Group One, on June 26. The same day an enemy torpedo plane was damaged by another search plane northwest A Truk. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 66, JUNE 29, 1944 

Organized resistance at Nafutan Point on Saipan Island ceased on June 27 (West Longitude Date). The entire point has been occupied by our forces. Small gains were made along the western shore into Garapan Town, and in the center of the island. Our advance northward is being made against severe enemy resistance. On the night of June 27 enemy aircraft dropped bombs in the area occupied by our forces. Two of the attacking planes were shot down by antiaircraft batteries.

Carrier aircraft attacked Pagan Island on June 27. Barracks and a water reservoir were hit. Only one plane was seen on the ground, and it appeared unserviceable. Several small craft badly damaged in previous strikes were hit by rocket fire.

Truk Atoll was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on June 27, and neutralization raids were made against objectives in the Marshall and Caroline Islands on June 26 and 27. 

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JUNE 29, 1944 

NAVAL AVIATORS HAVE DESTROYED MORE THAN 6,259 JAPANESE AIRPLANES 

Naval Aviators have shot 5,521 Japanese warplanes out of the air since Pearl Harbor, while losing 1,260 planes in aerial combat. At least 65 per cent of the U. S. Navy airmen shot down have been rescued.

In addition to the 5,521 Jap aircraft destroyed in the air, Naval Aviators have, in 1944 alone, destroyed at least 738 Jap planes on the ground. Only 17 Navy planes were lost in this way during the same period.

This 43 to 1 ratio in ground destruction partially explains the drop in ratio of U. S. air victories In the last three months from 4.7 to 1 to 4.4 to 1, according to Rear Admiral A. W. Radford, USN, Acting Deputy Chief of Naval Operations (Air). He explained that the accumulation of Naval strength in the Pacific, plus increasing effectiveness of Navy aerial recon­naissance, has made it possible for carrier task forces to surprise the Japanese and destroy their aircraft before they can become airborne to fight.

"As a result," Admiral Radford said, "fewer Jap planes are available for us to shoot down. In addition, the Jap pilot is becoming less and less anxious to close with our pilots. So the air ratio of victories has dropped slightly. This is more than compensated, however, by the 43 to 1 ground ratio. We don't care where they are when we destroy them"

Compilation of statistics in ground destruction of planes for 1942 and 1943 is being completed, but that phase of the aerial war during that period was relatively unimportant.

Combining the available figures not including ground losses of 1942 and 1943, the Navy enjoys a 4.8 to 1 advantage over Japan in the air war, having shot out of the air and destroyed on the ground a total of 6,259 planes, as against 1,277 planes lost. These figures for destruction of Jap planes do not include losses inflicted by antiaircraft fire. They cover the period from Decem­ber 7, 1941, through June 23, 1944. The figures for the period May 1 through June 23, 1944, are not final.

One reason for the increased air losses of Navy planes in 1944 over 1942 and 1943 is the loss of planes in the incessant Bombing raids on Jap holdings, such as the Kuriles, Truk and the Marshalls, where aerial opposition is rarely encountered any more, but where heavy antiaircraft exacts a toll‑a very small toll in relation to the frequency and intensity of the bombing raids carried out. 

The record of air losses by years follows:

    Year Japs Navy Ratio
    1942 (including December 1941) 1134 384  3‑1
    1943 2212 351 6.3‑1
    1944 2175 525 4‑1
         Total 5521 1260 4.4‑1
    1944 (ground) 738 17 43‑1
         Grand total 6259 1277 4.8‑1

All of the Navy's planes have played a part in amassing the victory record. Naturally, it was the fighters‑Grumman Hellcat and Wildcat and Vought Corsair‑which scored the large majority of the victories, either while escort­ing the torpedo and dive bombers, or while defending American sea and land 

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forces. The bombers‑Grumman Avenger, Douglas Dauntless and Curtiss Helldiver, Consolidated Catalinas and Liberators, Lockheed Venturas‑drove hone the heavy blows while the fighters fended off the enemy's air forces.

The Wildcat and Avenger are also built by General Motors' Eastern Air­craft Division, the Corsair by Goodyear. The Helldiver is also built by Canadian Car and Fairchild of Canada, the Liberator by Ford and Douglas. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 464, JUNE 29, 1944 

Aslito Airfield on Saipan Island today was renamed Isely Field in honor of Commander Robert Henry Isely, USN, Commander of Torpedo Squadron Sixteen, who was shot down June 12 by Japanese antiaircraft fire as he was leading a bombing attack on the field.

The change in name was recommended by Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, Commander, Fast Carrier Task Force, Pacific Fleet, and was made by Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas. Aslito Airdrome was first attacked by carrier aircraft of Admiral Mitscher's task force in February of this year.

A Naval aviator since 1937, Commander Isely had taken part in attacks at Tarawa and other Gilbert Islands, at Kwajalein, Palau, Woleai and Truk. He flew aerial cover for General MacArthur's troops when they landed in Hollandia in New Guinea. Admiral Mitscher's recommendation was based on Commander Isely's gallant performance of duty during all of these Pacific actions. ' 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 67, JUNE 30, 1944 

Our troops on Saipan Island have made new gains both in the center and on the right flank of our lines, pushing ahead through difficult terrain and intensified enemy resistance. High ground occupied near the town of Charan Danshii places our forces in a commanding position over the area held by the enemy. Strong points in the Tanapag area are being subjected to aircraft bombing and shelling by Naval surface vessels. Air attacks and Naval gunfire continue against enemy defenses on Tinian Island.

Our casualties in the ground fighting on Saipan Island through June 28 (West Longitude Date) are as follows: Killed in action: Marines, 1,289, Army, 185, total 1,474. Wounded in action: Marines, 6,377, Army 1,023, total 7,400. Missing in action: Marines, 827, Army, 51, total 878.

No accurate estimate of enemy casualties is possible. A great many Japanese dead and wounded have been carried back by the retreating enemy troops. However, our troops have buried 4,951 enemy dead.

Rota Island was attacked by carrier aircraft on June 28 (West Longitude Date). Fires were started, and revetments and runways were bombed and strafed. No enemy aircraft attempted to intercept our forces.

Army, Navy, and Marine aircraft continued neutralization raids against enemy objectives in the Marshall and Caroline Islands on June 28. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 68, JULY 1, 1944 

Our troops are consolidating their positions on Saipan Island and have wiped out several pockets of resistance by‑passed in previous advances. Small 

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gains were made during June 29 (West Longitude Date) in the central sector of our lines. During the night of June 29‑30 several enemy planes dropped bombs in the area occupied by our forces. One enemy plane was shot down. Aircraft bombing and Naval shelling intended to neutralize enemy gun posi­tions on Tinian Island continues.

Buildings and runways on Rota Island were bombed by carrier aircraft on June 29. No enemy aircraft attempted to intercept our force.

Paramushiru and Shimushu in the Kurile Islands were bombed before dawn on June 29 by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four. No at­tempt was made to intercept our force and antiaircraft fire was meager. All of our aircraft returned. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 69, JULY 2, 1944 

Marine and Army troops on Saipan Island have made small gains in the central sector, and on the right side of our lines advance patrols have forged ahead distances up to a mile. To June 30 (West Longitude Date) eighty enemy tanks have been destroyed or captured. Our troops have buried 6015 enemy dead and have taken more than 200 prisoners of war.

Seventy tons of bombs were dropped on Truk Atoll by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on June 29. Several airborne enemy fighters made ineffective attempts to intercept our force. Meager antiaircraft fire was en­countered. On the same day Army, Navy, and Marine aircraft bombed Ponape and Nauru Islands and remaining enemy objectives in the Marshall Islands. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 70, JULY 2, 1944 

The Second and Fourth Marine Divisions and the Twenty‑seventh Infantry Division have made gains ranging from 500 yards to a mile along their entire front on Saipan Island. The advance was made during July 1 (West Longi­tude Date) with the close support of aircraft, artillery, and Naval gunfire. On the right flank our troops are within 5 1/2 miles of the northern tip of the island. On the left flank our forces have penetrated further into Garapan, and have seized the heights overlooking the town and Tanapag Harbor. In the center we have occupied the mountain village of Charan Tabute. Large quantities of enemy equipment, including food and ammunition, have fallen into our hands.

Before dawn on July 1 several enemy aircraft attempted to attack our transports and screening vessels. These attacks did no damage. Two enemy aircraft were shot down.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Truk Atoll on the night of June 30‑July 1. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. Several enemy fighters made an ineffective attempt to attack our force. Army, Navy and Marine aircraft continued attacks against enemy positions in the Marshall islands on June 30. A Dauntless dive bomber of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing was forced to land in the water near Maloelap Atoll, and the pilot VMS rescued by a Catalina search plane of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two.

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 465, JULY 2, 1944 

The principal components of the expeditionary troops now fighting on Saipan consist of the Second Marine Division, the Fourth Marine Division and the Twenty‑seventh Infantry Division, U.S.A. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 71, JULY 4, 1944 

Garapan and Tanapag Towns on Saipan Island have been captured by our forces in a general advance along the entire front. Our line now extends inland from Tanapag on the west coast of the island, skirts the mountain village of Atchugau in the center, and is anchored on the east coast at a point within four miles of Inagsa Point at the northeast tip of Saipan. During the night of July 2‑3 (West Longitude Date) a small force of Japanese attacked our lines from the rear. Twenty‑five enemy troops were killed. We suffered no losses. Our troops have buried 7,312 enemy dead.

Carrier aircraft of a fast carrier task group attacked Iwo Jima Island on July‑2 (West Longitude Date). Thirty‑nine enemy fighters which attempted to intercept our force were shot down, and 16 were probably shot down. In­complete reports indicate 24 enemy aircraft were destroyed or damaged on the ground. Two small vessels were strafed, and bomb hits were obtained on a fuel dump.

Rota Island was bombed by carrier aircraft and shelled by light Naval surface units on July 2. Runways and revetments were hit. A huge explosion was caused by a hit apparently in an ammunition dump.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Truk Atoll during day­light on July 1 and at night on July 2. In the attack on July 1 seven enemy fighters intercepted our force. Four enemy aircraft and two Liberators were damaged. All our planes returned. No effective opposition was encountered on July 2. Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked enemy positions in the Marshall Islands on July 1 and 2. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 72, JULY 4, 1944 

Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands and Haha Jima in the Bonin Islands were heavily attacked by carrier aircraft of a fast carrier task group on July 3 (West Longitude Date). Iwo Jima, in addition to being severely bombed and strafed, was shelled by cruisers and destroyers. Rocket fire from carrier aircraft was extensively employed at both objectives.

Preliminary reports indicate the following damage to the enemy:

Three destroyers sunk or beached.
One large cargo ship sunk.
One medium oiler sunk.
One destroyer, dead in the water and burning.
Several small cargo ships damaged.
Harbor installations and warehouses at Haha Jima were set afire by bombs, rockets, and machine gun fire.
Twenty‑five enemy planes were shot down by our aircraft, and an undetermined number damaged on‑‑the ground. We lost six planes.
There was no damage to any of our surface craft.

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JULY 5, 1944 

REMARKS BY SECRETARY OF THE NAVY AT PRESS CONFERENCE 

You have the news review for this week. I would like to make these further observations: 

The Navy's desire is to present the news of the war so far as Naval action is concerned as realistically as is humanly possible. It is desired that news be angled neither optimistically nor pessimistically; any such attempt carries the implication that the people of the country are not able to place proper evaluation upon events of the war. The Navy does not believe that to be the case.

At the conclusion of a recital of news such as has been related today, I am always struck by the fact that the net impression left is a distinctly favorable one; the cumulative effect of such impressions cannot but lead sub­consciously to the conclusion that the war is relatively close to being over.

That is not the case. I am saying that as much to myself as to you. What is happening now is that, logistically speaking, we are getting close to the place where we can force the enemy in the Pacific to stand up and fight; but I have no illusions but that the fighting which the enemy will do when he is cornered will be bitter and costly. In battering down the outer rim of Japanese defenses we have been successful, and that work has gone at a somewhat faster pace than had been hoped for. The main battles, however, which will be necessary before Japanese power can be destroyed are still to come. It is likely that these final battles will occur on land, and that means the application of infantry power with all of the accompanying elements of assault over vast areas.

The war in the Pacific goes well, but it is a long war. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 529, JULY 5, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 17 vessels, including two combatant ships, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

1 light cruiser
1 destroyer
2 medium tankers
5 medium cargo transports
3 small cargo vessels
1 large cargo transport
3 medium cargo vessels
1 small cargo transport

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqués. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 73, JULY 6, 1944 

Reports from a fast carrier task group which attacked Chichi Jima in the Bonin Islands on July 3 (West Longitude Date) and participated in the attack on Haha Jima the same day indicate the following additional damage to the enemy

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A group of several enemy ships located eighty miles northwest of Chichi Jima was attacked, resulting in the sinking of two destroyer escort type vessels and damage to a medium cargo ship. At Chichi Jima the following results were obtained:

One small oiler, one medium ammunition ship and one medium cargo ship, sunk. One minelayer, one trawler and four luggers probably sunk. One large cargo ship, three medium cargo ships, one small cargo ship, two small oilers, one minelayer and one destroyer damaged. Several were beached.

At Haha Jima two small cargo ships and nine luggers were damaged. Buildings and defense installations were bombed at both objectives. Nine enemy aircraft were shot down, and three were damaged on the ground. In these strikes we lost five pilots and four aircrewmen from seven of our aircraft which failed to return.

Pagan Island in the Marianas was attacked by carrier aircraft on July 4 (West Longitude Date). The runway at the airfield and adjacent buildings were bombed and strafed.

Barracks and supply facilities at Guam Island were bombed by carrier aircraft on July 4, starting large fires. We lost one plane from intense anti­aircraft fire.

Search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, Group One, bombed gun positions at Marpi Point on Saipan Island on July 4, strafed the airfields at Tinian Island and bombed defense installations.

Forty tons of bombs were dropped on Truk Atoll by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on July 4, hitting antiaircraft positions and objectives near the airfield. Five enemy aircraft were in the air but did not attempt to inter­cept our force. Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers on the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued to neutralize enemy positions in the Marshalls on July 4. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 74, JULY 7, 1944 

Our ground forces on Saipan have continued advancing against strong opposition. On the eastern side of the island our line has reached a point less than two miles from Inagsa Point on the northeast tip of Saipan, and extends laterally across the island to a western anchor slightly more than four miles from Marpi Point on the northwest tip. A force of approximately 200 of the enemy attempted to evacuate from the northwest coast of Saipan in barges on the night of July 4‑5 (West Longitude Date). The formation was broken up by artillery fire. Our troops have buried 8,914 enemy dead.

Aircraft of our fast carrier task force attacked Guam and Rota on July 5 and 6 (West Longitude Date). Airstrips and other ground installations were worked over with bombs, rockets, and machine gun fire. At Rota one enemy plane was destroyed on the ground, and two were damaged. There was no enemy interception at either objective. We lost two fighters. The pilot of one was rescued.

During July 5, Seventh Army Air Force Liberators attacked Moen, in the Truk group, with 30 tons of bombs. On the same day Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of Group One, Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked Wotje, Jaluit, and Taroa in the Marshall Islands. We lost no planes.

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 75, JULY 8, 1944 

Before dawn on July 6 (West Longitude Date) several thousand Japanese troops launched a desperate counterattack directed against the left flank of our line on Saipan Island. In this attack our lines along the western shore were penetrated up to 2,000 yards, and the enemy reached the outskirts of Tanapag Town. The counterattack was halted before noon, and our troops began to push the enemy back. In this assault the fighting was very severe and numerous casualties were incurred. It is estimated 1,500 Japanese troops were killed. Meantime on the right flank our forces continued their advance and are now a little more than a mile from the airfield at Marpi Point.

Small groups of enemy planes raided our positions on Saipan before dawn on July 6 and on the night of July 6‑7. Bombs were also dropped near some of our ships but did no damage. One enemy plane was shot down. Isely Field on Saipan was shelled by shore batteries on Tinian Island before dawn on July 6 but the enemy batteries were quickly silenced by destroyer and artillery fire.

Supplementing Communiqué Number 72, it has been determined that 32 enemy aircraft were destroyed and 96 damaged on the ground by our carrier aircraft in attacks on Chichi Jima and Haha Jima on July 3.

Nineteen of the aircraft destroyed and 34 of those damaged were two-engine bombers.

Some of this total may have been damaged in previous strikes by our aircraft.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force dropped 43 tons of bombs at the Dublon Island naval base in Truk Atoll on July 6. Five of approximately 12 enemy fighters which attempted to intercept our force were shot down. Three of our aircraft received minor damage.

Nauru Island was bombed by Liberator and Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force on July 6. Incendiary bombs started fires visible for 30 miles.

Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Air­craft Wing attacked Wotje and Maloelap Atolls on July 6, bombing and straf­ing remaining enemy defense installations. 

JOINT STATEMENT, JULY 9, 1944

The following statement on submarine warfare has been approved by the President and the Prime Minister.

"Hitler's submarine fleet failed on all counts in June 1944. Not only were the U‑boats unable to halt the United Nations' invasion of the continent, but their efforts to prevent the necessary supplying of our constantly growing Allied Army in Europe were made completely ineffective by our counter‑measures.

"The U‑boats apparently concentrated to the west of the invasion during the month, relatively few of them being disposed over the Atlantic. Their sinking of United Nations' merchant vessels reached almost the lowest figure of the entire war. For every United Nations' merchant vessel sunk by German submarines, several times as many U‑boats were sent to the bottom."

The President has also approved the recommendation of the Prime Minis‑ 

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ter that the following additional special communiqué be released with the U‑boat statement: 

"Thousands of Allied ships have been moved across the Channel to Normandy and coastwise to build up the Military Forces engaged in the liberation of Europe. No merchant vessel of this vast concourse has been sunk by U‑boat with the possible exception of one ship. In this case doubt exists as to her destruction by U‑boat or mine.

"This is despite attempts by a substantial force of U‑boats to pass up‑channel from their bases In Norway and France. Such attempts were of course expected and U. S. and British Air Squadrons of coastal com­mand, working in cooperation with the surface forces of the Allied Navies, were ready.

"From the moment that the U‑boats sailed from their bases they were attacked by aircraft of coastal command. Both aircraft and surface forces followed up sighting reports, hunting and attacking the U‑boats with relentless determination.

"The enemy were thus frustrated by the brilliant and unceasing work of coastal command and the tireless patrols of the surface forces and have suffered heavy casualties.

"Operations continue." 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 76, JULY 9, 1944 

Our forces have completed the conquest of Saipan. Organized resistance ended on the afternoon of July 8 (West Longitude Date) and the elimination of scattered, disorganized remnants of the enemy force is proceeding rapidly.

Aircraft of our fast carrier task force attacked Guam and Rota on July 7‑8 (West Longitude Date). Runways, antiaircraft batteries, coastal defense guns and barracks were subjected to rocket fire and bombing. On July 7 nine enemy fighters apparently attempting to fly from Guam to Yap Island were shot down by our combat air patrol. Six twin‑engine enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground and two were probably destroyed near Agana Town at Guam. We lost one fighter and one torpedo bomber in these raids.

Twenty‑two tons of bombs were dropped on Truk Atoll on the night of July 7‑8 by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force. There was no Inter­ception, and all of our planes returned safely.

During July 7 Mille, Jaluit, Taroa, and Wotje were harassed by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, and a search Catalina of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, attacked Taroa before dawn on July 7. We lost no planes. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 77, JULY 10, 1944 

Guam Island was shelled by light surface units of the Pacific Fleet on July 8 (West Longitude Date). Defense positions And buildings were dam­aged, and several small craft along the beaches were hit.

Carrier aircraft of a fast carrier task group attacked Guam and Rota island on July 9. At Guam military objectives at Piti Town were hit, and antiaircraft batteries and coastal guns bombed. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to intense. One of our aircraft made a water landing and a de­stroyer rescued the crew. At Rota Island rockets and bombs were used

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against objectives in Rota Town and the airstrip, and gun emplacements were strafed.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Truk Atoll on July 8. Several enemy aircraft were in the air but did not press home an attack. One Liberator received minor damage from moderate antiaircraft fire. Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked Jaluit, Maloelap and Wotje in the Marshalls on July 9. 

JULY 11, 1944 

SUBMARINE LOST IN PACIFIC DURING TRAINING EXERCISES 

The U. S. submarine S‑28 recently was accidentally lost in the Pacific while engaged in training exercises.

The depth of water makes it impossible to salvage the submarine and hope has been abandoned for the recovery of the missing personnel.

An investigation is now in progress to determine the available facts in the case.

There were no survivors. The next of kin of casualties have been notified. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 78, JULY 11, 1944 

Mopping up operations continued on Saipan on July 9 (West Longitude Date). Small segments of enemy troops continued to make futile attacks against our forces and were killed or driven into temporary refuge to be hunted down later. Many of the enemy survivors who had been driven into the sea on the night of July 8 were found in the hulks of ships wrecked offshore and killed or captured. A number of the enemy found swimming in the sea were made prisoners.

Light surface units of the Pacific Fleet shelled Guam Island on July 9.

Our shore‑based fighters attacked Pagan Island in the Marianas on July 7. Antiaircraft fire was intense. The enemy made no attempt to intercept our force.

Paramushiru and Shimushu Islands in the Kuriles were bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four before dawn on July 10. Sev­eral fires were started. Antiaircraft fire was light, and all of our planes re­turned without damage.

Truk Atoll was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators before dawn on July 10. Antiaircraft positions on Moen Island were bombed. Anti­aircraft fire was meager and no interception was attempted. Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force, Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, conducted further neutralization raids against enemy positions in the Marshall Islands on July 9. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 79, JULY 12, 1944 

Mopping up operations and elimination of snipers continued on Saipan Island during July 10 and 11 (West Longitude Dates). One Marine regiment killed 711 enemy troops on July 10. Our forces have now captured more than 1,000 enemy troops who have been made prisoners of war, and have interned more than 8,000 civilians.

Guam and Rota Islands were attacked by carrier aircraft of a fast car‑ 

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rier task group on July 10. Military installations at Agana, Umatac, and Agat Towns on the western shore of Guam Island were bombed and subjected to rocket fire. Buildings near Orote Point were also hit. At Rota Island runways and defense installations were bombed. One twin‑engine enemy bomber was shot down. There was no attempt at fighter interception. Anti­aircraft fire was moderate.

Fifty tons of bombs were dropped by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on July 10 at the Dublon Island Naval Base in Truk Atoll. No interception was attempted and antiaircraft fire was meager. Neutralization raids against enemy positions In the Marshalls were carried out by the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing Two on July 10. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 530, JULY 13, 1944

European Theater. 

1. In Allied operations for Europe's Liberation the following U. S. Naval ships were lost due to enemy action:

USS Tide (minesweeper)
USS Partridge (fleet tug)
USS Susan B. Anthony (transport)
USS Meredith (destroyer)
USS Glennon (destroyer)
USS Corry (destroyer)
USS Rich (destroyer escort) 

2. Notification has been made to next of kin of all casualties. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 80, JULY 13, 1944 

Guam Island was shelled by cruisers and destroyers of the Pacific Fleet on July 10 and 11 (West Longitude Dates). Gun emplacements, blockhouses, and warehouses were hit. Five barges were sunk. There was no damage to our surface ships.

Guam and Rota Islands were attacked by carrier aircraft of a fast car­rier task group on July 11 and 12. Rockets and bombs were employed against defense installations and runways at Rota Island on July 11. Many fires were started. At Guam military objectives near Piti were hit, and gun em­placements were strafed. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. We lost one plane.

Truk Atoll was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators at night on July 11. Antiaircraft positions were principal targets. Several enemy planes were in the air but did not attempt to intercept our force. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 81, JULY 13, 1944 

Elements of the Second Marine Division landed on Maniagassa Island ap­proximately two miles north of Mutcho Point on Saipan Island on July 12 (West Longitude Date). Light resistance encountered was quickly over­come. Elimination of the remnants of Japanese resistance continues on Saipan island, and additional prisoners have been taken. Enemy dead which have been buried, by our troops now number nearly 16,000 with a good many yet to be buried. Artillery bombardment and Naval gunfire intended to neutralize enemy defenses is being directed against Tinian Island. 

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It was learned on Saipan that July 7 (West Longitude Date) Vice Ad­miral Chuichi Nagumo, Commander in Chief of the Central Pacific Area for the Imperial Japanese Navy, was among those who met their deaths on Saipan Island. On the same day one Rear Admiral Yano lost his life. Vice Admiral Nagumo was in command of the Japanese forces which attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941; and was in command of the Japanese carrier task force that was destroyed in the Battle of Midway. Prior to his present duty he was commandant of the Sasebo naval base.

It is now clear that Saipan Island was built up by the Japanese as the principal fortress guarding the southern approaches to Japan and as a major supply base for Japan's temporary holdings in the South Seas area. Saipan was long the seat of the Japanese government for the mandated Marianas, and Garapan Town was the headquarters of the Commander in Chief, Central Pacific Area. The topography of the island lent itself well to defense, and elaborate fortifications manned by picked Japanese troops testify to the im­portance which the enemy attached to the island. The seizure of Saipan con­stitutes a major breach in the Japanese line of inner defenses, and it is our intention to capitalize upon this breach with all means available. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 474, JULY 15, 1944 

Guam and Rota Islands were attacked by carrier aircraft of a fast carrier task group on July 13 (West Longitude Date). Bombs and rockets set fire to buildings and ammunition dumps, and damaged storage facilities, gun positions, and other defense installations. We lost no aircraft. One of our destroyers sank a small enemy coastal transport near Guam during the night of July 10‑11.

Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Truk Atoll on July 12. Defense installations at Eten and Dublon Islands were the princi­pal targets. Sixteen to 19 enemy fighters attempted to intercept our force. Four fighters were shot down, four were probably shot down, and five were damaged. Four of our aircraft received minor damage. Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed enemy positions in the Marshall Islands on July 11 and 12. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 475, JULY 15, 1944 

Guam Island was shelled by units of the Pacific Fleet and bombed by carrier aircraft on July 14 (West Longitude Date). Gun emplacements and the airfield at Orote were principal targets. Four enemy aircraft were de­stroyed on the ground. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Mitchell medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force and Liberator search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, bombed Nauru Island on July 13. Orro Town was hit and several fires started. Moderate antiaircraft fire was en­countered. Truk Atoll was bombed on July 13 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. Antiaircraft positions on Dublon and Moen Islands were hit. Several enemy fighters were in the air but failed to press home their attacks. On the same day Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Ponape Island, and remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls were attacked by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing.

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 476, JULY 16, 1944 

Guam Island was attacked on July 15 (West Longitude Date) by air­craft of a fast carrier task group. Bombs and rockets destroyed or damaged buildings and caused fires among bivouac areas. A dive bomber was shot down but landed in the water two miles off Guam where the crew was picked up by one of our destroyers.

On July 15 rocket‑firing carrier planes attacked ground installations on Rota Island. Fires were started and a direct hit scored on a concentration of automotive and railroad equipment.

Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was attacked July 13 by low flying Liberators of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two. A Japanese destroyer was hit squarely by a 500‑pound bomb. Explosions and fires resulted after one 6,000‑ton and one 3,000‑ton cargo ship were strafed. A destroyer escort, a coastal ship and 12 smaller craft were heavily strafed. An oil dump was set afire and five other fires were started. Three Japanese airplanes on the ground at the time of the attack on the south field were believed destroyed and 10 damaged by strafing. There was no enemy airborne interception. Intense antiaircraft fire slightly damaged one of our planes.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers bombed Japanese antiaircraft and coastal gun positions in the Marshall Islands on July 14. Gun emplacements were strafed. Meager antiaircraft fire damaged one of our planes. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 477, JULY 17, 1944 

Gun emplacements and other defense installations on Guam Island were heavily shelled by battleships, cruisers, and destroyers of the Pacific Fleet on July 15 (West Longitude Date). Enemy shore batteries returned sporadic fire but did no damage to our surface ships.

On July 16 aircraft of a fast carrier task group obtained direct hits on an airfield at Rota Island, bombed barracks, and destroyed a bridge. On the same day Guam was subjected to further carrier aircraft attacks, resulting in damage to antiaircraft positions, barracks, and a radio station. Several fires were started by incendiary bombs and rockets. We lost one dive bomber in these operations.

Param Island in Truk Atoll was attacked by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on July 15. Hits were obtained on antiaircraft positions. Approxi­mately 10 enemy fighters attempted interception, dropping bombs from above our formation. These bombs were ineffective, but one Liberator received minor damage from machine gun fire. One Zero fighter was probably shot down, and three were damaged. Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked Wotje and Mille Atolls on July 15. Enemy antiaircraft posi­tions were hit. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 478, JULY 18, 1944 

Guam Island was shelled at close range by battleships, cruisers, and destroyers of the Pacific Fleet on July 16 (West Longitude Date). Spotting aircraft directing the fire of our heavy units encountered some antiaircraft fire, and these antiaircraft positions were in turn neutralized by our light units.

On Saipan Island a few remaining snipers are being hunted down. As of July 16 our forces had captured 1,620 enemy troops who have been made

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prisoners of war, and have interned 13,800 civilian residents of Saipan, the majority being Japanese. Neutralization of enemy defenses on Tinian Island by Saipan‑based aircraft and field artillery continues. Our destroyers shelled selected targets on Tinian during July 16 and during the night of July 15‑16.

Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Air­craft Wing and Ventura search planes of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, attacked enemy positions in the Marshalls on July 16. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 531, JULY 19, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of fourteen vessels includ­ing two combatant ships as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters as follows:

1 destroyer
2 small cargo vessels
8 medium cargo vessels
1 medium naval auxiliary
1 small cargo transport
1 escort vessel 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 479, JULY 19, 1944 

More than 320 tons of bombs were dropped on Guam Island by carrier aircraft of the fast carrier task force on July 17 (West Longitude Date). Pillboxes, gun emplacements, and other defense installations were knocked out. More than 650 sorties were flown over the target area. On the same day our battleships, cruisers, and destroyers laid down an intense barrage against defensive positions on the island.

On July 18 bombardment of Guam by surface ships continued, and carrier aircraft dropped 148 tons of bombs on antiaircraft guns, search lights, supply areas, and defense works. Several enemy positions were strafed.

Rota Island was attacked with rocket fire and bombing from carrier air­craft on July 17. Nearly 80 tons of bombs were dropped, resulting in large fires among buildings and fuel storage facilities. Aerial reconnaissance in­dicates that Rota Town is virtually destroyed. In this operation we lost one scout bomber.

Army, Navy, and Marine aircraft continued neutralization raids against enemy positions in the Marshall and Caroline Islands on July 17. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 480, JULY 20, 1944 

More complete reports of the carrier aircraft attack on Guam Island on July 18 (West Longitude Date) raise the tonnage of bombs dropped to 401 from the previous total of 148 announced in Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas Press Release No. 479. Widespread and heavy damage has been done to military objectives on Guam as a result of coordinated aerial bombing and shelling by surface ships.

Pagan Island in the Northern Marianas was bombed twice on July 17. 

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Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonin Islands were attacked by Libera­tor search planes of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, on July 18. The attacks were made from low level. Eleven seaplanes were damaged and four coastal vessels were set afire by strafing. At Haha Jima a small cargo ship was sunk. Several fires were started among buildings on the seaplane base. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. All of our aircraft returned.

On Saipan Island shore‑based artillery and aircraft are being used to neutralize enemy defenses on Tinian Island. Selected targets are being shelled from the sea by our light surface units. As of July 17 our forces have buried 19,793 enemy dead.

The Naval base at Dublon Island in Truk Atoll was bombed on July 18 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. Two of eight airborne enemy fighters were damaged by our planes. Seven of our planes received some damage, but all returned. Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force, Catalina search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralization raids against enemy positions in the Marshalls on July 18.

Amphibious operations for the assault and capture of Saipan Island were directed by Vice Admiral Richmond K. Turner, U. S. Navy Commander Am­phibious Forces, Pacific Fleet. All assault troops engaged in the seizure of Saipan were under command of Lieutenant General Holland McT. Smith, USMC, Commanding General Fleet Marine Forces, Pacific. Major General Sanderford Jarman, U.S.A., has resumed command of Saipan as Island Com­mander. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 82, JULY 21, 1944 

United States Marines and Army assault troops established beachheads on Guam Island on July 20 (West Longitude Date) with the support of carrier aircraft and surface combat units of the Fifth Fleet. Enemy defenses are being heavily bombed and shelled at close range.

Amphibious operations against Guam Island are being directed by Rear Admiral Richard L. Conolly, U. S. Navy.

Expeditionary troops are commanded by Major General Roy S. Geiger, USMC, Commanding General, Third Amphibious Corps.

The landings on Guam are continuing against moderate ground opposition. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 83, JULY 21, 1944 

1. Good beachheads have been secured on Guam Island by Marines and Army troops. Additional troops are being landed against light initial enemy resistance. The troops advancing inland are meeting increasing resistance in some sectors.

On July 19 (West Longitude Date) six hundred and twenty seven tons of bombs and 147 rockets were expended in attacks on Guam by carrier aircraft. Naval gunfire and aerial bombing were employed in support of the assault troops up to the moment of landing, and remaining enemy artillery batteries are being neutralized by shelling and bombing. Preliminary estimates indicate that our casualties are moderate.

2. Liberator search planes of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, bombed Haha Jima and Chichi Jima in the Bonin Islands and Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on July 19 (West Longitude Date). At Iwo Jima the airfield and 

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adjacent installations were hit. At Chichi Jima an enemy destroyer was bombed. Anti‑aircraft fire ranged from moderate to intense. One of our planes was damaged but all returned. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 532, JULY 22, 1944 

2. [sic] The submarines USS Trout and USS Tullibee are overdue from patrol and must be presumed to be lost.

2. The next of kin of casualties of the Trout and Tullibee have been so notified. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 84, JULY 22, 1944 

Our troops are making satisfactory progress in both sectors on Guam. We have captured Mount Alifan in the southern area. In the north the roads from Agana to Piti Town are in our hands.

Our northern beach extending from Asan Point to Adelup Point, was under mortar fire during the night of July 20‑21 (West Longitude Date). Before day­light on July 21 the enemy launched a counter attack on the eastern side of our lines in the northern sector which was thrown back after daylight by our troops supported by air, naval, and artillery bombardment. Cabras Island is under our control and about half of it has been occupied.

At the southern beachhead, extending from Agat Town south to Bangi Point, the enemy attempted a counter attack in the early morning of July 21, which was thrown back. In retreating the enemy left behind five tanks and approximately 270 dead.

Initial beachheads on Guam Island were established immediately above and immediately below Orote Peninsula. Troops of the Third Marine Division landed on the northern beach. The First Provisional Marine Brigade landed in the south. Following the Initial assault landings, elements of the Seventy Seventh Infantry Division, U. S. Army, were landed in support of the Marines. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 85, JULY 23, 1944 

Substantial gains were made by our forces on Guam during the night of July 21 and during the day of July 22 (West Longitude Dates). In the north­ern area all of Cabras Island and Piti Town were captured. Attempts made by the enemy during the night of July 21‑22 to infiltrate our lines were re­pulsed. In the southern area Orote Peninsula has been nearly cut off by our forces. Aircraft and Naval gunfire are closely supporting our troops. Our estimated casualties through July 22 are as follows: Killed in action 348; wounded in action 1500; missing in action 110.

Intense artillery and Naval gunfire was directed against Tinian Island on July 21. Enemy gun positions and troop concentrations were principal targets. On the same day Thunderbolt fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Tinian and Pagan Islands. At Tinian gun emplacements and pill­boxes were bombed. At Pagan the airstrip was bombed and strafed. Intense antiaircraft fire over Pagan damaged two of our aircraft.

Seventy‑five tons of bombs were dropped on airfields and dock areas at Truk Atoll on July 21 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. Fires and explosions were observed. Two airborne enemy fighters did not attempt to intercept our force. Antiaircraft fire was meager. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 86, JULY 24, 1944 

Assault troops of the Second and Fourth Marine Divisions established beachheads on Tinian Island on July 23 (West Longitude Date) supported by carrier and land‑based aircraft and by artillery and Naval gunfire.

Amphibious operations against Tinian Island are being directed by Rear Admiral Harry W. Hill, U. S. Navy, Commander Group Two Amphibious Forces Pacific Fleet.

Expeditionary troops are commanded by Major General Harry Schmidt, USMC, Commanding General Fifth Amphibious Corps.

The landings are being continued against light ground opposition. 

JULY 24, 1944 

GROWTH OF THE NAVY 

The United States Navy on August 18, 1944, will triple the number of combatant ships it had in the fleet on July 1, 1940, with the completion of the destroyer escort USS Grady.

When the Navy began its intensive building program in July, 1940, it had in the fleet 383 combatant ships. Completion of the Grady, barring any addi­tional combat losses and failure to complete any of the ships listed for com­pletion before August 18, will triple this total.

Total vessels of all types in the Navy have increased much more rapidly due principally to the addition of numerous amphibious vessels. On June 30, 1944, the Navy had more than ten times the number of craft of all classes, exclusive of small landing craft and small yard and district craft, than it had in commission on July 1, 1940. During the fiscal year which closed June 30, 1944, the number of Naval craft of all types approximately doubled.

The number of Navy planes on hand at the close of the last fiscal year was almost 20 times the number on hand on July 1, 1940. The number of planes on hand more than doubled during the 1943‑44 fiscal year.

The Navy had no advance base program actively under way on July 1, 1940. From a modest beginning late in 1940, the advance base program has now grown to one of the Navy's major activities. The value of work in place at Navy advance bases more than doubled during the fiscal year just closed.

While the ship, plane and advance base programs doubled during the 1943‑44 fiscal year, the enlisted personnel of the Navy increased by only 73 per cent. Allowing for the increase in personnel which the President has authorized and which was announced July 23, the enlisted strength of the Navy as of June 30, 1943, will not double until June 30, 1945‑almost a year hence. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 87, JULY 24, 1944 

Enemy forces on Orote Peninsula, on Guam Island, have been completely cut of by troops of the First Provisional Marine Brigade, and the Seventy-Seventh Infantry Division which advanced during July 23 (West Longitude Date) across the base of the peninsula. In the northern sector, the Third Marine Division has made additional gains against strong enemy opposition which continues despite heavy casualties inflicted by our ground troops and intense air and Naval bombardment.

In the North our lines as of 6:00 P.M., July 23, extend northeast from the mouth of the Sasa River to Adelup Point and extend inland approximately

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2900 yards at the point of deepest penetration. In the south our lines extend from the inner reaches of Apra Harbor to a point opposite Anae Island. The greatest depth of advance is approximately 5000 yards.

Rota Island was attacked by carrier aircraft on July 23. Runways and adjacent installations were principal targets. Ponape in the Caroline Islands was bombed on July 22, by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells. Gun positions were bombed and harbor installations strafed.

Shimushu Island in the northern Kuriles was attacked on July 22, by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four. A large fire was started near the airfield. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. Eight enemy fighters intercepted our force and caused some damage to a Ventura. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 88, JULY 24, 1944 

A firm beachhead had been secured on the northwest shore of Tinian Island by troops of the Second and Fourth Marine Divisions. Our forces control approximately two and one half miles of coastline, extending from a point twenty five hundred yards south of Ushi Point to a point twelve hundred yards north of Faibus San Hilo Point. During July 23 (West Longitude Date) enemy resistance was confined largely to machine gun and rifle fire. Our casu­alties through July 23 were light. The situation is considered well in band. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 89, JULY 25, 1944 

1. On July 24 (West Longitude Date) contact was established between patrols from the northern and southern assault forces on Guam Island, along the eastern shore of Apra Harbor. In the northern sector good progress has been made and pockets of resistance near Adelup Point have been wiped out. In the north our lines now extend from Adelup Point in a general south­westerly direction to the mouth of the Aguada River. In the southern sector our lines extend across the base of the Orote peninsula to a point opposite Anae Island. Carrier aircraft and naval surface units continue to bomb and shell selected targets and are interfering with troop movements in the rear of the enemy lines. Our casualties through July 24 were 443 killed in action, 2366 wounded in action, and 209 missing in action. Our forces have counted 2400 enemy dead.

2. The Tinian beachhead was broadened and deepened during July 24. An enemy counter attack before dawn on July 24 was broken up by our troops, inflicting heavy casualties on the enemy and destroying five tanks. At mid­morning our forces began an attack, preceded by heavy artillery and Naval fire support, which advanced our lines half way across the northern end of the island and widened the coastal area under our control to a distance of 3 1/2 miles. Our casualties through July 24 were 15 killed in action and 225 wounded. Our troops have counted 1324 enemy dead.

3. Paramushiru in the Kurile Islands was attacked by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four on July 23. An airfield was bombed and fires started. Several fishing vessels offshore were strafed. Enemy fighters inter­cepted our force and damaged one of our planes. One enemy fighter was probably shot down and another damaged.

4. Sixty seven tons of bombs were dropped on Truk Atoll by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on July 23. Waterfront installations, warehouses,

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 90, JULY 26, 1944 

An attack launched by our forces on Tinian Island in the early morning of July 25 (West Longitude Date) resulted in rapid advances and the entire northern quarter of the island is now in our hands. Our line is anchored below Faibus San Hilo Point on the west coast and extends to Asiga Point on the east coast. During the day one of our battleships located and knocked out several camouflaged blockhouses. Selected targets continue to be bombed and strafed by our aircraft. Our troops have counted 1,958 enemy dead.

Saipan‑based Thunderbolt fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force, sup­porting ground operations, dropped fire bombs and strafed troop areas, a rail­road junction, coastal guns and barracks on Tinian Island on July 24. Other Thunderbolts attacked Pagan Island, in the Northern Marianas, scoring bomb hits on the airfield and taxiways.

Carrier aircraft continued support bombing of Guam, attacking Japanese ground installations on July 25, and also bombed enemy positions on Rota Island.

Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells attacked Jokaj Island in the Ponape group on July 23. On July 24 a single Liberator bombed Truk, starting fires visible for 30 miles. On the same day, fighter‑bombers and light‑bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and medium bombers of Fleet Air Wing Two raided bivouac areas, antiaircraft and coastal gun positions on the Japanese‑held islands in the Marshalls. A Navy Ventura bombed Nauru Island on July 24. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 91, JULY 26, 1944 

Enemy forces cut off on Orate Peninsula on Guam Island made desperate attempts to escape during the night of July 24‑25 (West Longitude Date) but did not succeed in penetrating our lines. On the morning of July 25, our forces counterattacked, supported by intense artillery and Naval gunfire and bombing, and drove about 3,000 yards up the peninsula. We now control the southern half of the peninsula, with the remainder of the defenders trapped on the northern portion.

Our northern and southern forces have joined their lines and now domi­nate the area on the west coast between Adelup Point on the north and to a point opposite Anae Island on the south.

Our counterattack on Orate Peninsula destroyed at least 12 enemy tanks. The Japanese lost 400 dead in their attempt to break out of their trap on the peninsula. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 92, JULY 27, 1944 

United States Marines continued their advance on Tinian Island on July 26 (West Longitude Date), and now control the northern one third of the island, including Mount Lasso, the island's commanding height. Our lines extend diagonally southeast across the island from a point south of Faibus San Hilo Point on the west coast to a point several thousand yards north of Masalog Point on the east coast. Light surface units and Seventh Army Air

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Force Thunderbolt fighters from Isely Field on Saipan are supporting our ground forces. On July 24 the fighters flew 124 bombing and strafing sorties, scoring hits on enemy troop areas, ammunition dumps, gun positions and motorized equipment.

Our casualties on Tinian as of July 25 were 159 killed in action, 441 wounded in action, and 32 missing in action. We have counted 2089 enemy dead and have captured 62 Japanese troops who have been made prisoners of war. Eighty civilians have been interned.

Seabees and Army aviation engineers are enlarging and clearing the Uhushi Point Airfield which was taken July 25.

On July 25 Seventh Army Air Force Liberators dropped more than 70 tons of bombs on the Japanese Naval base at Truk. Large explosions were observed. One of at least eight intercepting enemy planes was damaged. Five of our bombers were damaged.

Aircraft of a fast carrier task group on July 24 and 25 attacked enemy installations on Arakabesan, Peleliu, Angaur, Malakal and Koror, in the Palau group, and Yap and Ulithi, all in the western Caroline Islands. Five enemy airborne aircraft were shot down, 21 were destroyed on the ground and others damaged the first day. No airborne enemy fighters were seen the second day. Our planes sank an enemy destroyer, an oiler, a destroyer escort or minelayer, seven small cargo ships and many smaller craft. We lost five planes in combat but recovered four pilots.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers and Catalinas of Fleet Air Wing Two continued on July 25 to harass enemy posi­tions in the Marshall Islands. Nauru was attacked the same day by a Navy Ventura bomber. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 93, JULY 28, 1944 

There were no material changes on our lines on Guam Island during July 26 (West Longitude Date). On the Orate Peninsula our forces are continuing their attack against more than 2,000 enemy troops entrenched in dugouts and pillboxes. The defenders are employing artillery, automatic weapons, and mortars in considerable quantities. In the southern sector our lines are un­changed. Delayed reports indicate that severe fighting took place before dawn on July 25 in the northern beach area. In places enemy infiltration tactics succeeded, but by early morning the attack was repulsed with an estimated loss of 2,000 enemy troops.

During July 26 carrier aircraft bombed the airfields near Agana Town on Guam and at Rota Island. Gunboats are being used in close support of our troops on Guam.

On the night of July 26 a single Liberator search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two made a low level attack over Truk Lagoon, obtaining two direct hits on a cargo ship and bombing a group of small craft.

Ponape and Nauru Islands in the Carolines and remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls were attacked by aircraft of the Central Pacific shore‑based air force on July 26. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 94, JULY 28, 1944 

Our forces on Guam Island made substantial gains in all sectors on July 27 (West Longitude Date).

Northern forces extended their beachhead east to a point near the out‑

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skirts of Agana Town and advanced several hundred yards along the entire northern front.

In the central sector Marines drove inland more than two miles from Apra Harbor and occupied Mounts Tenjo, Alutam, and Chachao. In the south our troops advanced more than a mile in an easterly direction. The southern terminus of our beachhead remains at a point on the west coast opposite Anne Island.

Marines driving northwest on Orote Peninsula against stubborn enemy resistance secured an estimated 500 additional yards.

Conservative estimates indicate that our forces have killed 4,700 enemy troops on Guam.

On Tinian Island Marines, pivoting on our eastern anchor above Masalog Point, advanced more than three and one half miles along the west coast, capturing the airfield above Gurguan Point. Coastal batteries on Tinian were shelled by battleships on July 27.

On Saipan Island our troops have now buried 21,036 enemy dead. Of our own troops previously listed as casualties, 5,434 have now returned to duty. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 487, JULY 28, 1944 

The American flag was formally raised on Guam Island on the morning of July 26 (West Longitude Date) at the headquarters of Major General Roy S. Geiger, USMC, Commanding General, Third Amphibious Corps. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 533, JULY 29, 1944

Mediterranean Theater. 

1. The USS Swerve, Minesweeper, was sunk in the Mediterranean re­cently as the result of enemy action.

2. The next of kin of casualties have been notified. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 534, JULY 29, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 17 vessels, including one combatant ship, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

1 escort vessel
1 large cargo transport
1 medium tanker
1 medium transport
3 medium cargo transports
6 medium cargo vessels
4 small cargo vessels

2. These actions have not been announced in any pervious Navy De­partment communiqué. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 95, JULY 29, 1944 

Marine forces, continuing their advance throughout July 28 (West Longi­tude Date), are compressing the enemy into the southern area of Tinian Island. In the west coast of the island our troops are nearing Tinian Town. In the center we have made additional gains of nearly two miles. On the east coast progress has been slowed due to the difficulty of operations in the high ground near Masalog Point, but our eastern line was advanced about a half mile.

On July 27 Saipan based Thunderbolt fighters flew 130 sorties over Tinian, strafing and bombing enemy troop concentrations, gun positions, and supply areas. Fires and explosions were observed. One of our fighters was lost.

Carrier aircraft continued attacking enemy defenses, troop concentrations and gun positions on July 28 in close support of our ground operations on Guam.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Truk Atoll with more than 60 tons of bombs on July 27. An estimated eight Japanese interceptors attacked our bombers, and one bomber was shot down. Two crewmen bailed out and were strafed by enemy fighters. Our other bombers shot down two enemy fighters, probably shot down one, and damaged two.

Japanese positions and installations on Jaluit, Wotje, and Mille in the Marshall Islands were attacked on July 27 by Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing, Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, and Mitchell medium bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force. A single Ventura search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Nauru Island on the same day. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 96, JULY 29, 1944 

Orote Peninsula on Guam Island has been captured by the First Provi­sional Marine Brigade. Organized resistance ceased late in the afternoon of July 28 (West Longitude Date). Apra Harbor is being patrolled by light fleet units to prevent the few remaining Japanese from swimming to the mainland. No material change took place in our 10 mile front extending from near Adelup Point to a point on the west coast opposite Anae Island, but our patrols ranged out ahead of our lines nearly a mile in some places. A large quantity of enemy equipment and munitions has been captured or de­stroyed, including 30 enemy tanks, 72 field pieces and coast defense guns of various calibers up to eight inch and many motor vehicles. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 97, JULY 30, 1944 

Tinian Town on Tinian Island was captured by U. S. Marines during the afternoon of July 29 (West Longitude Date). Substantial gains were made along the entire front during the day, and the enemy is now contained in an area of approximately five square miles at the southern tip of the island. Enemy resistance increased progressively throughout July 29 as the Marines advanced.

Activity on Guam on July 29 (West Longitude Date) was limited to clearing local pockets of resistance and to patrolling. Some of our patrols crossed the island to Ylig and Togcha Bay without meeting resistance. Our troops to date have counted 4,543 enemy dead and have captured 44 prisoners of war. At least 28 Japanese tanks have been destroyed.

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Our own casualties on Guam as of July 29 including both soldiers and Marines total 958 killed in action, 4,739 wounded in action and 290 missing in action.

Our ships now are using Apra Harbor on the west coast of Guam, site of the former American Naval base. Several of our aircraft have landed and taken off from the Orote Peninsula airfield.

Two Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two on July 28 strafed Japanese small craft in the Truk Atoll Lagoon. Five enemy fighters attempted to intercept our force and two fighters were damaged. The bombers proceeded to Ponape where Japanese gun positions and buildings were bombed. One of our planes was damaged by antiaircraft fire but both returned to base.

Attacks on remaining Japanese positions in the Marshall Islands were continued on July 28. Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers and Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, Venturas and Catalinas bombed coastal and antiaircraft gun emplacements. A Navy Ventura search plane bombed Nauru. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to meager. Two of our aircraft were damaged but all returned. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 98, JULY 31, 1944 

Marine and Army troops on Guam swept completely across the island during July 30 (West Longitude Date) and established a line from Agana Bay on the west coast to Pago Point on the east coast. Patrols sent out to reconnoiter the southern half of the island have encountered only sporadic resistance. Through July 30 our troops have counted 6205 enemy dead and have interned 775 civilians. Close support is being given our advance troops by surface ships which are now firing from both sides of the island.

Troops of the Second and Fourth Marine Divisions continued their ad­vance on Tinian Island during July 30 (West Longitude Date) and have forced the enemy into a small pocket near Lalo Point at the southern tip of the island. Difficult terrain in this area impeded progress during the day. Our attack on the last enemy defenses began in the early morning, and was preceded by more than two hours of bombing and Naval gunfire.

July 29 Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force dropped nearly 75 tons of bombs on Japanese installations and an airfield at Truk. Several enemy fighters attempted to intercept our bombers. One enemy fighter was destroyed, another probably destroyed and two more damaged. Four of our planes were damaged but all returned. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 99, AUGUST 1, 1944 

During July 31 (West Longitude Date) troops of the Second and Fourth Marine Divisions moved ahead against moderate enemy resistance and through difficult terrain and occupied the cliffs overlooking the beaches at the ex­treme southern tip of Tinian Island. During the night of July 30‑31 the Japanese attempted several small scale counterattacks which were beaten back at a cost to the enemy of 300 dead. Our attack was launched in the morning of July 31 and carried to the southern beaches by late afternoon. The enemy on Tinian now has little means of resistance and no means of escape.

During the night of July 29‑30 Seventh Army Air Force Liberators

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bombed Truk Atoll, and neutralization raids against enemy positions in the Marshall and Caroline Islands were carried out by aircraft of the Central Pacific shore‑based air force before dawn and during the day on July 30. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 100, AUGUST 1, 1944 

U. S. forces continued to advance rapidly in Guam Island during July 31 (West Longitude Date), driving northward from two and one half to three miles in the center and on the right flank, and advancing about a half mile on the left flank. In the advance the towns of Utana, Pado, Pulan, and Matte were occupied. On the west coast our line is anchored about a mile and a half south of Saupon Point, and on the east coast we are less than a mile from Fadian Point. On Orote Peninsula mopping up operations have been completed and in the southern half of Guam these operations are con­tinuing. Carrier aircraft of a fast carrier task group directed bombs and rocket fire against enemy troop concentrations in northern Guam during July 31. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 101, AUGUST 1, 1944 

Organized Japanese resistance on Tinian Island ceased during the night of July 31 (West Longitude Date). The Second and Fourth Marine Divisions are continuing mopping up operations. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 102, AUGUST 2, 1944 

Marine and Army troops on Guam, fighting through dense underbrush and against mounting enemy resistance, advanced more than a mile to the north during August 1 (West Longitude Date). The towns of Saucio, Toto, and Timoneng and the airfield at Tyan were occupied in the advance. On the west coast our line is anchored on the southern shore of Tumon Bay, and on the east coast it is anchored approximately three miles south of Sassayan Point. Our casualties through August 1 were 1022 killed in action, 4,946 wounded in action and 305 missing in action. Our troops have counted 7,419 enemy dead.

Carrier aircraft from a fast carrier task group attacked enemy Installa­tions on Guam on August 1 with bombs and rockets. Additional bombs and strafing attacks were delivered against troop concentrations.

Lieutenant General Holland M. Smith, USMC, Commanding General, Fleet Marine Forces, Pacific, has sent the following despatch to Major Gen­eral A. D. Bruce, U.S.A., Commanding General, Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division 

"The Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division has shown commendable ability of high order in operation against the enemy on Guam. Its complete cooperation with other fighting elements has been noted with much pleasure. It has shown marked tactical ability in moving its forces into position over unfavorable terrain and in the face of great difficulties." 

Late reports indicate that during the ground action on July 27, Mount Tenjo was occupied by the Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division.

On Tinian Island mopping up operations are in progress. Ravines and caves at the southern tip of the island were partially cleaned out during 

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August 1. Our troops have buried 2,075 enemy dead, and have interned many civilians. Large numbers of the enemy have yet to be buried. Our casualties as of August 1 were 208 killed in action, 1,121 wounded in action and 32 missing in action.

On July 30 and 31 Seventh Army Air Force Liberators dropped 60 tons of bombs on an airfield and installations at Truk. Six to eight Japanese fighters attempted to intercept. Three of the fighters were shot down and three more damaged. Five of our Liberators were damaged but all returned to base.

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Nauru Island on July 30 with more than 12 tons of bombs, scoring hits on the airfield and on gun positions.

On July 30 and 31 aircraft of the Central Pacific shore‑based air force harassed enemy positions in the Marshall Islands. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ  NO. 103, AUGUST 3, 1944 

Additional gains averaging nearly two miles were made by Marine and Army forces driving northward on Guam during August 2 (West Longitude Date). On the West Coast our line was advanced further along the shore of Tumon Bay and on the East Coast we are about one and a half miles from Sassayan Point. As a result of the day's advances an important road junc­tion near the town of Finegayan was brought under our control. Stiffened enemy resistance is being encountered. As of August 2, our troops had counted 7,893 enemy dead. A large number of civilians have sought protec­tion behind our lines and currently 7,000 are being cared for.

Carrier aircraft, attacking from an altitude of 100 feet, directed bombs and rocket fire against enemy fortifications and storage areas in Northern Guam during August 2.

The American flag was formally raised over Tinian Island on August 2. Scattered remnants of the enemy, hiding in caves and dugouts, are being dealt with by Marines. Approximately 4,000 civilians have been interned. The number of enemy troops killed is now estimated at more than 5,000.

Ponape Island was attacked by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers on August 1, and on the same day further neutralization raids against enemy positions in the Marshall Islands were carried out by Dauntless dive bomb­ers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. 

AUGUST 3, 1944 

GERMAN SUBMARINE SUNK BY TWO COAST GUARD AND ONE NAVY DESTROYER ESCORTS 

The sinking of a German submarine by ramming and gunfire off the Atlantic coast recently through a coordinated attack by three destroyer es­corts, two of them manned by Coast Guard personnel and one by the Navy, was described today by Lieutenant (junior grade) William D. Draper, USCGR, of 1408 Owen Street, Saginaw, Michigan, an officer aboard one of the Coast Guard vessels.

The underseas raider was tracked down as a convoy maneuvered into zig‑zag formation upon an alarm that a U‑Boat was attacking.

Contact was made by one of the Coast Guard ships and depth charges

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forced the enemy craft to the surface, where it was rammed by the Navy vessel, Lieutenant (junior grade) Draper said.

Submarine crewmen poured from the conning tower, rushing for their deck gun, but were swept back by concentrated gunfire from the second Coast Guard escort, which had moved in from the opposite direction.

As the Nazi raider started sinking, the crew leaped into the water. The Coast Guard officer said a dozen survivors, including the U‑Boat commander, were taken aboard his vessel. The entire action required but one hour and 30 minutes. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 104, AUGUST 4, 1944 

Our forces on Guam made slight gains on the right flank and in the center during August 3 (West Longitude Date). On the east coast our line is anchored about one mile south of Sassayan Point. There was no ap­preciable advance along the west coast and our anchor there remains on the shore of Tumon Bay. All road junctions in the vicinity of Finegayan were brought under our control.

Enemy resistance on Mount Barrigada has been eliminated and we now control the 674‑foot height.

In close support of ground troops, aircraft from a fast carrier task group on August 3 dropped bombs, fire rockets and strafed Japanese‑held posi­tions, roads, storehouses and troop areas on Guam.

Mopping up operations on Tinian Island continued during August 3, and additional numbers of civilians were interned. Scattered Japanese troops are still being hunted down on Saipan Island, and an average of 50 a day are being eliminated or taken prisoner.

Ventura search planes of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, attacked Nauru Island on August 2. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. Catalina patrol bombers of the same air wing bombed Japanese positions in the Marshall Islands on the night of August 1‑2. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 105, AUGUST 5, 1944 

Troops of the Army's Seventy‑Seventh Division advanced approximately three miles northward along the eastern shore of Guam to Lumuna Point on August 4 (West Longitude Date). On the western coast Marines pushed more than one and one‑half miles northward to Amantes Point.

During the night of August 3‑4 a small enemy force identified as Navy troops were repulsed in an attempt to counterattack. Eleven of the enemy were killed, bringing the total counted Japanese dead to 8,129.

As of August 4 approximately 22,000 civilians on Guam had found refuge within our lines.

More than 25 tons of bombs were dropped on Wotje in the Marshall Islands on August 3 by Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing.

More than 60 tons of bombs were dropped on Truk Atoll by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force at dusk on August 3. One ship near Dublon Island was left burning. Other hits were observed at the Dublon Naval Base, and on gun emplacements and barracks. There was no interception and only moderate antiaircraft fire. All of our planes returned.

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AUGUST 5, 1944 

COAST GUARD‑MANNED DESTROYER ESCORT SINKS GERMAN SUBMARINE 

A Coast Guard‑manned Destroyer Escort won a stirring battle with a German U‑boat in the Atlantic recently when it blasted the undersea raider to the bottom. Location of the action was undisclosed.

The duel between the Coast Guard ship and its elusive quarry brought pitted Coast Guard Commander Ralph R. Curry, against a 26‑year‑old Nazi skipper in a game of wits.

The Destroyer Escort made contact with the German submarine when coming to the assistance of another American ship. It immediately laid depth charges around the sub.

A Navy DE and a French DE joined the Coast Guard vessel in the final stages of the battle.

Finally, the submarine surfaced and the Coast Guardsmen got in their lethal, finishing blow. As the submersible, badly blasted, was about to make its final plunge, its crew took to the sea and were picked up by the Coast Guard ship as prisoners of war.

Several were wounded and given medical care. The Nazis were taken to an Allied port and removed from the DE for transfer to an internment camp.

Commander Curry, holder of the Legion of Merit award, lives at 1648 Preston Road, Alexandria, Virginia. He is married and has two small daughters. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 106, AUGUST 6, 1944 

Air and surface units of a fast carrier task force on August 3 and 4 (West Longitude Dates) virtually wiped out a Japanese convoy and raided airfields, towns, and ground installations in the Bonin and Volcano Islands groups. On August 3 our planes sank four cargo ships of approximately 4,000 tons each, three escorting destroyers or destroyer escorts, and four barges. One cargo vessel and the balance of the escorting warships were damaged. On the same day our surface vessels sank one large destroyer, one cargo ship, one small oiler and several barges. One damaged escort vessel escaped. On August 4 our forces continued the sweep. Carrier‑based planes sank one escort vessel and two other small craft. Damage was inflicted on five barges, two of which were carry troops, one landing craft and three smaller vessels. One light cruiser and five smaller vessels were possibly sunk. All six of these ships were left burning. Also damaged were one destroyer escort and 10 small craft. Two landing ships were grounded and a large cargo vessel damaged in the preceding attack was hit again. In the attack on ground installations our surface craft shelled shipping and shore facilities at Chichi lima. Omura Town on Chichi Jima was destroyed. Ground installations on Muko Jima, Ant Jima, Haha Jima and Iwo Jima were hit. At Iwo Jima six airborne enemy planes were shot down and six others were destroyed and five damaged on the ground. One plane was destroyed on the ground at Chichi Jima. We lost from enemy antiaircraft fire 16 planes and 19 flight personnel. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 107, AUGUST 6, 1944 

Further gains were made during August 5 (West Longitude Date) by U. S. troops driving northward on Guam Island. On the left flank our troops moved ahead more than two miles almost to Haputo Point. There was no

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substantial change in our line on the right flank and our positions there re­main near Lumuna Point. In the day's gains the towns of Ukudu and Liguan were occupied. Strong defensive positions along roads paralleling the western shore were wiped out by our advancing ground forces, and nine field guns and two tanks were destroyed. Artillery destroyed several trucks laden with enemy troops.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing are now operating from the airfield on Orote Peninsula.

Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Air­craft Wing and Catalina search planes of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, bombed remaining enemy positions in the Marshall Islands on August 4. Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force hit Ponape and a Navy Liberator attacked Wake Island on the same day. In these attacks moderate antiair­craft fire was encountered but all of our aircraft returned. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 108, AUGUST 7, 1944 

One‑third of the remaining enemy‑held area at the northern end of Guam was brought within our lines on August 6 (West Longitude Date). In the central sector we advanced north nearly three miles, occupying the village of Yigo. Near Yigo we captured several strong positions and a considerable amount of supplies and equipment.

In the area occupied on August 6 our troops found a large cemetery in which there was evidence of mass burial of enemy dead.

Supporting our ground forces, carrier aircraft on August 6 bombed and strafed enemy positions and troop concentrations near Mount Santa Rosa.

On the western coast our line is anchored near Haputo Point and on the east coast at Lumuna Point.

Navy Liberators of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, and Army Liber­ators of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Truk on August 5 with about 30 tons of bombs. Two of eight to 12 enemy interceptors probably were dam­aged. Navy search planes of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, bombed Param in the Truk Atoll and raided Ponape on August 4. Nauru was attacked on August 4 and 5. All of our planes returned from these missions. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 109, AUGUST 8, 1944 

Rapid advances during August 7 (West Longitude Date) drove Japanese forces on Guam Island into the northeast corner of the island. On the west coast our troops advanced nearly six and one half miles to Ritidian Point at the northern tip of the island. On the east coast we advanced more than three miles almost to Anao Point. The center of our line running in a gen­erally southeasterly direction from Ritidian Point to Anao Point curves sharply inward and is less than a mile from the shoreline at the point of deepest penetration. The Japanese defenders are thus threatened with being cut into two groups. Mount Santa Rosa, the highest elevation in Northern Guam, was occupied by our forces in the day's advances. Our troops have counted more than 10,000 enemy dead.

Navy carrier aircraft of a fast carrier task group on August 7 supported ground operations on Guam by bombing, strafing and firing rockets into enemy troop concentrations and installations.

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Central Pacific land‑based aircraft on August 5, 6, and 7 attacked enemy fields and installations from Nauru Island to Wake Island.

On August 5 Navy Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Wake Island, scoring bits on the runways. Several small craft were strafed and one left sinking.

On the same day and also on August 6 Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two attacked Nauru Island, bombing airfields and the phosphate plant.

Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells and Navy Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Two hit Ponape on August 6, encountering medium antiaircraft fire.

Remaining Japanese positions in the Marshall Islands were attacked on August 6 and 7 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators, Catalinas of Fleet Air Wing Two, and by Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing.

All our planes returned from these missions.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four attacked enemy objectives in the Northern Kuriles during daylight of August 4 (West Longitude Date). Airfields and adjacent installations were bombed. Antiaircraft fire was mod­erate. Small craft near Paramushiru were bombed and strafed. Several of our aircraft were damaged by antiaircraft fire from the vessels but all re­turned safely. 

JOINT STATEMENT, AUGUST 9, 1944 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti­submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

The number of German U‑boats sunk during the war now exceeds 500. It is therefore understandable that the U‑boats still operating are extremely cautious. Their efforts have been ineffective during July, a month which has been so important for the success of continental opera­tions.

The number of U‑boats destroyed has been substantially greater than the number of merchant ships sunk. Seventeen U‑boats have been sunk while attempting to interfere with our cross‑channel traffic since the first landing of the Army of Liberation.

The U‑boat fleet is still of impressive size, nevertheless the U‑boat remain the hunted rather than the hunters. They have been attacked from the Arctic to the Indian Ocean, aircraft playing a great part with the surface forces. This pressure will be maintained until all chances of revival of the U‑boat campaign are killed, whatever may be the new devices and methods developed by the enemy.

The Nazi claims of sinkings continue to be grossly exaggerated. For instance, their claim for June, the latest month for which complete figures are available, was an exaggeration of a 1,000 per cent. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 110, AUGUST 9, 1944 

All of Guam Island with the exception of a small area inland from Pati Point on the east coast was occupied by U. S. forces on August 8 (West Longitude Date). The remaining pocket of enemy resistance is surrounded and is under heavy pressure. A Naval patrol maintained off the northern

204

coasts of Guam since our troops began their northward drive is believed to have prevented virtually all enemy attempts at escape.

Nauru Island was attacked several times from the afternoon of August 6 to the early morning of August 7 by Ventura search planes of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two. Runways were the principal targets. Moderate anti­aircraft fire was encountered. A Liberator search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two strafed buildings and antiaircraft guns at Wake Island, another Navy Liberator bombed Truk, and two search Liberators bombed the airfield at Ponape on August 7. Wotje, Jaluit, and Maloelap Atolls in the Marshalls were attacked by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on August 7. We lost no planes in these operations. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 535, AUGUST 10, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported sinking 16 vessels, including one com­batant ship, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

1 large cargo transport
7 medium cargo vessels
4 medium cargo transports
2 small cargo vessels
1 medium tanker
1 escort vessel

2. These actions have not been reported in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 536, AUGUST 10, 1944

European Theater. 

1. The following vessels participating in the Allied operations for Eur­ope's liberation were lost due to enemy action:

USS Osprey (Minesweeper)
USS PC 1261 

2. The next of kin of all casualties of the Osprey and PC 1261 have been notified. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 111, AUGUST 10, 1944 

Organized Japanese resistance on Guam Island ceased during the after­noon of August 9 (West Longitude Date). The First Provisional Marine Brigade, Third Marine Division, and Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division are engaged in mopping up operations.

Nearly 60 tons of bombs were dropped on Truk Atoll during daylight on August 8 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. Approximately 10 enemy fighters intercepted our force, damaging two Liberators. One enemy fighter was shot down and two damaged. Antiaircraft fire was meager. Ventura search planes of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, attacked Nauru Island be­fore dawn on August 8, striking at gun emplacements. Nauru was also hit by Venturas during daylight on August 8. Mitchell bombers of the Seventh 

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Army Air Force bombed Ponape Island on the same day, and neutralization raids against Maloelap Atoll were carried out by Liberator and Catalina search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two. All of our planes returned from these operations. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 112, AUGUST 10, 1944 

Casualties suffered by American forces on Guam Island through August 9 (West Longitude Date), the day on which organized Japanese resistance ended, were 1,214 killed in action, 5,704 wounded in action, and 329 missing in action. Our troops have counted 10,971 enemy dead. Elimination of scat­tered remnants of the enemy continues.

Final figures covering our casualties on Tinian Island indicate 190 killed in action, 1,515 wounded in action, and 24 missing in action. On Tinian our troops have buried 5,544 enemy dead to date, and have taken more than 400 prisoners of war. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 506, AUGUST 11, 1944 

1. Iwo Jima in the Volcano group was bombed by Liberators of the 7th AAF on 9 August (West Longitude Date). Forty‑seven tons of bombs were dropped on the airfield and adjacent installations, and fires were started. Several enemy fighters attempted to intercept our force but did no damage, although anti‑aircraft fire caused minor damage to three Liberators.

2. On the same day more than a hundred Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked Mille atoll, dive bombing and strafing defense installations. Antiaircraft fire was meager. Catalina search planes during the night of 8‑9 August conducted harassing raids against other enemy positions in the Marshalls.

3. Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Nauru Island on 9 August. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 537, AUGUST 12, 1944

Atlantic Ocean. 

1. The USS Fiske (DE 143) was sunk recently in the Atlantic by a sub­marine torpedo.

2. The next of kin of the casualties aboard the Fiske have been notified. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 507, AUGUST 13, 1944 

1. Extensive bombing raids were carried out by the Central Pacific and North Pacific shore based air forces on 10 and 11 August (West Longitude Dates).

2. One enemy patrol vessel was sunk and another damaged near Paramu­shiro Island by two Liberators of the 11th AAF during daylight on 10 Au­gust.

3. Chichi Jima in the Bonins was attacked by Liberators of the 7th AAF on 11 August, which bombed the airfield and a cargo ship in the harbor. The enemy made no attempt at interception and antiaircraft fire was meager.

4. Pagan Island in the northern Marianas was hit by Mitchell medium bombers of the 7th AAF on 11 August, damaging gun positions and runways. 

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During the day a single 7th AAF Liberator also bombed the Island. Anti­aircraft fire was moderate.

5. Gun positions on Rota Island were bombed and strafed by 7th AAF Thunderbolt fighters on 11 August. More than 50 tons of bombs were dropped.

6. A single Navy Liberator bombed Truk atoll, and 7th AAF Mitchells bombed Ponape in the Caroline Islands on 11 August.

7. In the Marshall Islands, more than eighty tons of bombs were dropped on remaining enemy positions by Dauntless dive bombers and Cor­sair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on 10 August, hitting coastal defense guns and other defense installations. On the same day Wotje in the Marshalls was attacked by 7th AAF Liberators. In the foregoing operations one Dauntless dive bomber and one Liberator were damaged but all of our planes returned. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 508, AUGUST 15, 1944 

1. Paramushiro Island was attacked by 11th AAF Liberators on 11 August (west longitude date). Shipping near the island and the airstrip at Suribachi were bombed. Of 15 to 20 enemy fighters which attempted inter­ception, three were shot down, five were probably shot down, and two were damaged. On 12 August Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed defense installations at Araido Island, and sunk a nearby patrol vessel by strafing. On the same day a single Ventura bombed Shimushu. Several enemy fighters attempted to intercept our force but did not press home their attacks, although damaging three Venturas. One enemy fighter was damaged.

2. Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was attacked by 7th AAF Liber­ators on 13 August. More than 35 tons were dropped on the airfield and ad­jacent installations. Antiaircraft fire was meager but an aggressive group of enemy fighters intercepted our force and one Liberator was lost.

3. Pagan Island in the northern Marianas was hit by Mitchell bombers of the 7th AAF on 13 August, hitting gun positions and runways. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

4. Rota Island was bombed and strafed on the same day.

5. Nauru Island was bombed by Ventura search planes of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two, on 13 August, and Marine Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters hit remaining enemy positions in the Marshalls on the same day. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 510, AUGUST 16, 1944 

1. Fifty‑seven tons of bombs were dropped on defense installations at Eten and Moen Islands in Truk atoll by 7th AAF Liberators on 13 August (west longitude date). Seven to nine enemy fighters intercepted and one of these was destroyed and 3 damaged. All of our planes returned although several suffered damage. There were no casualties.

2. Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed the airstrips at Nauru on 13 and 14 August, and on 13 August a Catalina harassed bivouac areas at Wotje and Maloelap. On 14 August Mitchell bombers of the 7th AAF attacked the airfield and gun positions at Ponape, and on the same day Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters hit coastal defense positions r at Mille atoll. All of our planes returned from these operations.

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 511, AUGUST 17, 1944 

1. Chichi Jima in the Bonin Islands was attacked by Liberators of the 7th AAF on 15 August (West Longitude Date). The seaplane base and ad­jacent installations were bombed. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to intense.

2. Maug Island in the northern Marianas was bombed on 15 August. Pagan Island was also bombed and strafed the same day.

3. Before daylight on 13 August Liberators of the 11th AAF bombed enemy supply facilities at Paramushiru Island. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

4. Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed the runways at Nauru Island, and Corsair fighters of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing at­tacked Maloelap atoll on 15 August. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 515, AUGUST 18, 1944 

1. Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was attacked by 7th AAF Liberators on 16 August (West Longitude Date). Buildings, storage facilities, and in­stallations near the airfield were bombed. Several enemy fighters were air­borne but did not succeed in intercepting our force. Antiaircraft fire was meager. All of our aircraft returned. On the night of 15‑16 August a single Liberator bombed Iwo.

2. Fighter planes attacked Rota and Pagan Islands on 16 August, bomb­ing and strafing gun positions and the airstrips. Antiaircraft fire was light at Rota and moderate at Pagan.

3. Warehouse areas on Dublon Island in Truk atoll were bombed by 7th AAF Liberators the same day, causing large explosions and fires. One of six intercepting fighters was shot down, and 3 were damaged. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

4. Nauru Island was attacked by Navy Venturas on 16 August, while Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing hit defense installations at Mille atoll in the Marshalls on the same day. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 517, AUGUST 20, 1944 

1. Nauru Island was attacked on 17 August (West Longitude Date) by Mitchell medium bombers of the 7th AAF and Ventura search planes of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two. Venturas again hit Nauru on 18 August. The airfield and gun emplacements were bombed. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

2. Rota and Pagan Islands in the Marianas were bombed and strafed by fighters on 17 and 18 August. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

3. Mille and Wotje in the Marshall Islands were bombed on 17 and 18 August by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing.

4. All of our planes returned from these operations. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 538, AUGUST 21, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. Submarines have reported sinking nineteen vessels, including two combatant ships, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows: 

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1 light cruiser
1 escort vessel
1 large tanker
3 medium cargo transports
11 medium cargo vessels
2 small cargo vessels

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 519, AUGUST 21, 1944 

1. Yap Island in the western Carolines was bombed by Liberators of the 7th AAF on 19 August (West Longitude Date). The airfield and adjacent installations were bombed. No attempt was made to intercept our force, and antiaircraft fire was meager.

2. On the same day our aircraft obtained direct hits on gun emplace­ments and the dock at Pagan Island, and bombed Alamagan Island in the Marianas. Intense antiaircraft fire was encountered at Pagan Island.

3. Nauru Island was attacked on 18 and 19 August by Ventura search planes of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two, hitting runways and gun positions. In the Marshall Islands on 19 August, Wotje and Mille atolls were bombed and strafed by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing against light opposition.

4. All of our aircraft returned from these operations. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 520, AUGUST 21, 1944 

1. Paramushiru Island in the Northern Kuriles was attacked by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four on 19 August (West Longitude Date). The airfields were bombed and strafed. Three enemy fighters were airborne but did not attempt to intercept our force. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

2. Mopping up operations have continued in the Marianas since 9 August (west longitude date). During the period 11‑17 August an additional 593 Japanese were killed on Guam Island. We lost 12 killed and 61 wounded in action during this period. With these additional losses inflicted on the enemy, plus the number buried and not previously announced, 14,067 of the enemy have been killed in the Guam campaign through 17 August, and more than a hundred made prisoner. During the same period an additional 187 Japanese were killed on Saipan Island, and 15 prisoners of war were taken, at a cost to us of 5 wounded and 1 missing. A total of 25,144 of the enemy had been buried through 16 August on Saipan. On Tinian Island 201 Japanese were killed during the period 11‑17 August, and 15 prisoners taken. We lost 5 killed in action and 11 wounded in action. Enemy dead on Tinian now number 5,745. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 521, AUGUST 22, 1944 

1. On 20 August (West Longitude Date) two Navy Liberator search planes of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two, found two enemy ships proceeding toward Marcus Island and carried out attacks at mast head level which resulted in setting fire to a medium cargo ship, left dead in the water and burning, and a small cargo ship, which was noticeably slowed and left 

209

heavily smoking. One Liberator suffered minor damage from antiaircraft fire.

2. On the same day Liberators of the 7th AAF bombed Yap Island, causing large fires and explosions among bivouac areas and buildings near the airfield. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

3. Truk atoll was attacked on 20 August, Liberators of the 7th AAF bombing warehouses and antiaircraft batteries at Dublon Island and other buildings on Moen Island. Seven to 8 enemy fighters intercepted. Two enemy fighters were damaged and two of our bombers were damaged. All of our planes returned.

4. Pagan and Rota Islands in the Marianas were bombed and strafed by our aircraft on 20 August.

5. Search planes of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Wake Island and the airstrip at Ponape on 20 August. On the same day Mitchell medium bombers of the 7th AAF dropped twelve tons of bombs on the Ponape airstrip.

6. Nauru Island was attacked by Ventura search planes of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two, hitting runways on 20 August.

7. Catalina search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralization raids against enemy positions in the Marshalls on 20 August, hitting Maloelap, Wotje and Mille atolls. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 527, AUGUST 23, 1944 

A Japanese convoy consisting of three cargo ships escorted by two de­stroyers was attacked by two Navy search Liberators of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, on August 22 (West Longitude Date) near Chichi Jima in the Bonins. A bombing attack conducted at low level resulted in sinking two of the enemy cargo ships, and the third was left on fire. One Liberator was lost in this action.

Liberator bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Yap Island during daylight on August 21, bombing bivouac areas and airfield installa­tions. Antiaircraft fire was meager. A single Seventh Army Air Force Liberator bombed Asor in the Ulithi Islands on the same day, encountering no opposition. All of our aircraft returned. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 528, AUGUST 24, 1944 

1. Paramushiru Island in the northern Kuriles was bombed by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four on 20 August (West Longitude Date). Direct hits were obtained in storage areas, a small vessel offshore was sunk aped another damaged. One of 7 intercepting enemy fighters was shot down. Antiaircraft fire was meager, and all of our aircraft returned.

2. Yap Island in the western Carolines was attacked by 7th AAF Liber­ators on 22 August. Bivouac areas and facilities near the airfield were bombed through meager antiaircraft fire.

3. Pagan and Rota Islands in the Marianas were attacked by our air­craft on 21 and 22 August, and Aguijan Island was hit on 22 August.

4. Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Nauru island on 21 and 22 August, concentrating on the airstrips.

5. Neutralization raids against enemy positions in the Marshalls con‑

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tinued, with Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing striking at Wotje on 21 and 22 August and at Mille atoll on 21 August. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 530 AUGUST 25, 1944 

1. Iwo Jima in the Bonin Islands was bombed by Liberators of the 7th AAF during the night of 23‑24 August (West Longitude Dates). Meager anti­aircraft fire was encountered and there was no interception.

2. Pagan and Aguijan Islands in the Marianas were attacked on 23 August. Gun positions, storage facilities and buildings were bombed. Several fires were started.

3. Ponape Island was bombed on 23 August by Mitchell medium bombers of the 7th AAF, and on 22 and 23 August Navy Ventura search planes of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two, attacked enemy installations at Nauru Island. A Search Liberator of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Ponape on 22 August.

4. Wake Island was bombed on 22 August by a Fleet Air Wing Two search plane, and further neutralization raids were carried out against enemy ob­jectives in the Marshalls by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing, and by 7th AAF Liberators. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 531, AUGUST 26, 1944 

1. Forty‑seven tons of bombs were dropped on Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands by Liberators of the 7th AAF during daylight on 24 August (West Longitude Date). Three of approximately ten intercepting enemy fighters were destroyed, and one was damaged. Two Liberators were damaged. Antiaircraft fire ranged from moderate to intense.

2. In the Marianas, Rota Island was attacked by our aircraft on 23 August, and Pagan and Aguijan Islands were bombed on 24 August. Gun positions and other defense installations were the targets.

3. A single 7th AAF Liberator bombed barracks on Yap Island in the western Carolines on 24 August, encountering meager anti‑aircraft fire.

4. Nauru Island was attacked by Ventura search planes of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two on 23 August, and on 24 August Venturas and 7th AAF Mitchells again heavily bombed the runways, gun positions, and the town.

5. In the Marshalls, Corsair fighters of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed barracks and gun emplacements at Mille atoll on 23 August. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 533, AUGUST 27, 1944 

1. Liberators of the 7th AAF bombed the airfield and defense Installa­tions at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on 25 August (West Longitude Date). More than 42 tons of bombs were dropped while the Liberators fought off 8 to 10 enemy fighters. Two fighters were destroyed and two damaged, and several Liberators were damaged. Antiaircraft fire was intense.

2. A single 7th AAF Liberator bombed Yap and Woleai Islands on 25 August. There was no opposition at Woleai, and only light antiaircraft fire at Yap.

3. Truk atoll was bombed by Liberators of the 7th AAF on 24 August. 

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Sixty‑four tons of bombs were dropped on defense installations. Eight enemy fighters intercepted, and one fighter was damaged. All of our planes returned.

4. In the Marshall Islands, Wotje and Mille were attacked on 24 August by Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing. Harassing raids were carried out during the night of 24 25 August against Wotje, Maloelap, Jaluit, and Mile. On 25 August Corsairs again bomber and strafed Mille and Maloelap.

5. Aguijan Island in the Marianas was bombed and strafed by our air­craft on 25 August, starting several fires.

6. Ponape and Nauru Islands were attacked on 25 August, Ponape by Mitchell medium bombers of the 7th AAF and Nauru by Ventura search planes of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 535, AUGUST 28, 1944 

1. Liberators of the 11th AAF and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Onekotan Island in the Kuriles in separate strikes on 26 August (West Longitude Date). In the first raid by Navy Venturas buildings on the island and several small craft offshore were bombed. Several enemy planes were airborne but did not attempt interception. Antiaircraft fire was meager. In the second raid by 11th AAF Liberators, warehouse facilities and piers were bombed. Several fires were started. All of our planes returned. On 25 August an enemy patrol vessel was sunk near Paramushiru Island by two Mitchell bombers of the 11th AAF. Two enemy fighters attacked the Mitchells, which probably destroyed one fighter. Both of our planes returned safely.

2. Pagan and Alamagan Islands in the Marianas were attacked by our aircraft on 26 August.

3. Yap and Woleai in the western Carolines were attacked by Navy Liberators of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two on 26 August. Fires were started in a supply area at Woleai. On the same day a single 7th AAF Liberator bombed Yap.

4. Runways and gun emplacements at Nauru Island were attacked by Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on 25 and 26 August. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

5. In the Marshalls, Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the 6th Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Mille atoll on 25 and 26 August. On 26 august Mille was bombed by Navy Catalina search planes, and a small motor launch near the atoll was sunk. Jaluit atoll was harassed by bombing during :he night of 25‑26 August. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 536, AUGUST 29, 1944 

1. The airfield at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was bombed on 27 August (West Longitude Date) by 7th AAF Liberators. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. During the night of 26‑27 August a single Liberator of the 7th AAF bombed Iwo Jima, encountering no opposition.

2. Pagan Island in the Marianas was attacked on 27 August by 7th AAF Liberators and in a separate strike on the same day was bombed and strafed fighter planes. Buildings and gun emplacements were the principal targets. Alamagan Island was also bombed on 27 August.

3. Yap Island in the western Carolines was attacked on 27 August by a single 7th AAF Liberator. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered.

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4. Further neutralization raids against enemy positions in the Marshalls were conducted by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing on 27 August.

5. On 26 August Liberators of the 11th AAF bombed Paramushiru in the Kurile Islands, starting several fires. 

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 539, AUGUST 30, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 17 vessels, including two combatant ships, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

2 destroyers
3 small cargo transports
3 medium cargo transports
1 medium tanker
6 medium cargo vessels
1 small cargo vessel
1 small tanker

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE 537, AUGUST 30, 1944 

1. Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four attacked Paramushiru Island in the Kuriles and several enemy vessels discovered near the island on 27 August (West Longitude Date). One of the Venturas obtained a direct hit on a medium tanker, setting it afire. Another Ventura bombed a large cargo ship at Suribachi, causing a heavy explosion, while a third attacked an enemy patrol vessel. One Ventura was damaged in an engagement with three enemy fighters. On the same day two 11th AAF Liberators sank an enemy patrol vessel and badly damaged another near Paramushiro. Neither Liber­ator was damaged.

2. During the night of 27‑28 August Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was attacked by 7th AAF Liberators which bombed the airfield. Two enemy fighters were airborne but did not attempt interception. In a second strike on 27 August 7th AAF Liberators attacked Pagan Island, causing fires. Fighter planes bombed and strafed Pagan on 28 August.

3. Nauru Island was attacked on 27 August by Ventura search planes of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two.

4. The airfields at Moen Island in Truk atoll were bombed by 7th AAF Liberators on 28 August. Seven enemy fighters intercepted our force and damaged one Liberator, but all of our planes returned.

5. Mitchells of the 7th AAF attacked Ponape Island on 28 August, while Corsair fighters and Dauntless diva bombers conducted further neutralization raids against Mille and Maloelap in the Marshalls on the same day. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 538, AUGUST 31, 1944 

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force and Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four attacked installations at Paramushiru Island in the Kuriles on the night of August 27 (West Longitude Date). Antiaircraft fire was meager and all of our aircraft returned. 

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Yap and Woleai Islands in the Western Carolines were bombed by a single Seventh Army Air Force Liberator on August 28 and 29. On both days antiaircraft fire was meager.

During the night of August 28‑29 Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands.

Pagan Island in the Marianas was bombed on the night of August 28‑29 and on August 29. Gun positions and storage facilities were hit and several fires started.

Mitchells of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed the airfield at Nauru Island on August 29. During the preceding night Nauru was attacked by a Catalina search plane of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two.

Mille Atoll in the Marshalls was attacked on August 29 by Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. 

CINCPAC RELEASE NO. 539, AUGUST 31, 1944 

Lieutenant General Millard F. Harmon, USA, has assumed command of all Army Air Force units operating in the Pacific Ocean Areas.

His jurisdiction extends throughout the theater commanded by Admiral C. W. Nimitz, Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 543, SEPTEMBER 2, 1944 

1. On 31 August (West Longitude Date) a Navy search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two while on routine patrol near Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands sighted and attacked an enemy convoy, consisting of two small cargo vessels and three sampans. One cargo vessel was sunk and the other damaged by strafing. Another Navy search plane on the same day strafed and sank a sampan near Jaluit Atoll.

2. Pagan Island in the Marianas was attacked on 30 and 31 August. In these attacks heavy damage was done to gun emplacements and other defense Installations by rocket fire, bombing, and strafing. On both days antiaircraft fire was meager.

3. A single Liberator bomber of the 7th AAF bombed Yap Island in the western Carolines on 30 and 31 August, encountering moderate antiaircraft fire.

4. Mille atoll in the Marshalls was bombed on 30 August by Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing, plus two 7th AAF Liberators. Gun positions and buildings were hit. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

5. On 30 August a lone Navy search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Nauru, encountering no enemy anti‑aircraft fire. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 113, SEPTEMBER 4, 1944 

Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonin Islands and Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands were bombed and strafed by aircraft of a carrier task force on August 3 and 31 and on September 1 (West Longitude Dates). On August 30 and September 1 Chichi Jima and Iwo Jima were bombarded by cruisers and destroyers of the Pacific Fleet. Our aircraft dropped 196 tons of bombs in 

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these operations and fired 490 rockets. The following damage was inflicted on the enemy: 

Ships sunk: Three small cargo ships and a landing barge at Iwo Jima. One small cargo ship southwest of Haha Jima, damaged by bomb­ing and later sunk by a destroyer. One small tanker and six barges at Chichi Jima. One small cargo ship northwest of Chichi Jima.

Ships probably sunk: One small cargo ship and one sub chaser northwest of Iwo Jima. One sub chaser southwest of Chichi Jima. One sub chaser at Haha Jima.

Ships damaged: Two sub chasers at Iwo Jima. One sub chaser and a sampan near Chichi Jima.

Aircraft destroyed or damaged: 10 enemy aircraft shot down near Iwo Jima. One twin‑engine bomber shot down over our task force. 33 enemy aircraft destroyed on the ground, 29 probably destroyed, and 10 damaged at Iwo Jima. Two seaplanes destroyed at Chichi Jima.

Damage to ground Installations: Extensive damage was done to hangars, shops, warehouses, fuel dumps, and antiaircraft positions by bombing and shelling during these attacks. Several antiaircraft positions were destroyed at Iwo Jima, a large warehouse was destroyed at Haha Jima, and at Chichi Jima the seaplane base was demolished.

Own damage: In these operations we lost five aircraft in combat. Our personnel casualties were one pilot and three flight personnel. There was no damage to our ships. 

Cruisers and destroyers bombarded Wake Island on September 3, and  aircraft of a carrier task group bombed the island. Several coast defense guns and antiaircraft emplacements were knocked out. Extensive damage was done to other gun positions and buildings. Three small craft in the lagoon were heavily damaged. There was no opposition from enemy aircraft, and return fire from shore batteries was ineffective. We lost no aircraft and there was no damage to our ships.

Iwo Jima was bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on Septem­ber 2. More than 95 tons of bombs were dropped on air facilities. A single enemy fighter attempted to use phosphorous bombs against our formation without effect. Intense to moderate antiaircraft damaged three of our planes.

Pagan Island was the target of our planes in two attacks on September 1 and one attack on September 2. Rockets and strafing were employed in the later two attacks and little opposition was met.

Rota Island gun emplacements, bivouac areas and air installations were bombed on August 31, September 1 and September 2. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

Maug Island was attacked by our fighters using rockets on September 2.

A single Liberator of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Paramushiru in the Kuriles on August 31. No interception was encountered. A lone Mitchell bomber attacked southern Paramushiru later in the day, sinking a small cargo vessel at anchor and scoring a direct hit on docking facilities. The bomber returned undamaged.

Truk was hit with approximately 55 tons of bombs on September 1 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. Antiaircraft fire was meager and only one intercepting Zero was encountered.

Runways on Nauru airfields were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells on September 2 and three of our attacking planes were damaged by meager but accurate antiaircraft fire. 

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Ponape Airfield was hit on September 1 by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

In the Marshall Islands on September 1, gun positions, ammunition dumps, a radio station and personnel areas on Mille, Wotje and Maloelap Atolls were bombed and strafed by Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. Sixty‑three tons of bombs were dropped. Anti­aircraft fire ranged from meager to moderate. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 540, SEPTEMBER 6, 1944 

1. The submarine USS Robalo is overdue from patrol and must be pre­sumed to be lost.

2. The next of kin of personnel in the Robalo have been so notified. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 545, SEPTEMBER 6, 1944 

1. The airfield at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was bombed by Libera­tors of the 7th AAF on 4 September (West Longitude Date). Two enemy fighters were in the air but made no attempt at interception. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. A single Liberator bombed Iwo Jima during the night of 3‑4 September.

2. Pagan Island was attacked by our aircraft on 2, 3 and 4 September. Gun positions were strafed and subjected to rocket fire. Antiaircraft fire was meager. The airstrip at Rota Island was bombed on 3 September.

3. Marcus Island was attacked by 7th AAF Liberators on 3 and 4 Sep­tember. On 3 September a building apparently used for ammunition storage was hit and destroyed. Antiaircraft fire was intense.

4. A Liberator search plane of Group 1, Fleet Air Wing Two, intercepted and shot down an enemy transport plane near Iwo Jima on 4 September. A medium bomber escorting the transport managed to escape.

5. Yap Island was the target of attacks on 2, 3 and 4 September by a single 7th AAF Liberator. Airfield installations and bivouac areas were bombed. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

6. Further neutralization raids against enemy positions in the Marshalls were conducted on 4 September by 7th AAF Liberators and Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 547, SEPTEMBER 7, 1944 

1. The Palau Islands were swept in force by fighter planes of a Carrier Task Group on 5 September (West Longitude Date). There were no enemy planes in the air. Several aircraft on the ground were set afire by strafing. Defense installations, including antiaircraft emplacements and warehouses, were heavily strafed. An ammunition or fuel dump on Babelthuap Island was destroyed. Seventeen small craft near the islands were left burning as a result of strafing.

2. Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru and Onekotan in the Kuriles on 5 September. Landing barges and patrol craft were strafed.

3. On 6 September the airfield at Iwo Jima was bombed by Liberators of the 7th AAF, encountering moderate to intense antiaircraft fire. 7th AAF Liberators bombed Marcus Island on 6 September. Moderate antiaircraft fire damaged one bomber. 

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4. Nauru Island was attacked by 7th AAF Mitchells on 5 September. Airfields and gun positions were hit. Moderate antiaircraft fire was en­countered.

5. Antiaircraft positions on Pagan Island were subjected to rocket fire and strafing on 6 September. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 551, SEPTEMBER 8, 1944 

1. Carrier aircraft bombed and strafed Yap and Ulithi in the western Caroline Islands on 5‑6 and 7 September (West Longitude Dates). Our aircraft dropped 110 tons of bombs and fired numerous rockets, destroying the radio cable station, antiaircraft positions, buildings and storage dumps. No airborne enemy aircraft were encountered and antiaircraft fire was meager. Our per­sonnel casualties were three pilots and one aircrewman. There was no damage to any of our ships.

2. Pagan and Aguijan in the Marianas were attacked by our aircraft on 6 September. Both islands were strafed. Rockets were launched against gun emplacements and other installations at Pagan, where moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

3. Liberators of the 7th AAF bombed Marcus Island on 6 September experiencing moderate antiaircraft fire. Explosions were observed and several fires were started.

4. On the same day further neutralization raids were carried out against enemy bases in the Marshalls. Corsair and Dauntless planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed radio facilities and gun positions at Mille. No antiaircraft fire was encountered. Corsairs also bombed Wotje. Numerous fires were started. There was no antiaircraft fire. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 552, SEPTEMBER 9, 1944 

1. Cruisers and destroyers of the Pacific Fleet shelled the Palau Islands on 6 September (west longitude date). The naval bombardment destroyed and damaged numerous buildings and defense installations. Many large fires were started on Angaur, the southernmost island in the group, and carrier based planes scored direct hits on supply facilities. There was meager antiaircraft fire. Bomb hits were made on communication facilities at Peleliu Island.

Numerous large fires were started at Koror, and a radio station and fuel dump were hit on Arakabesan Island. There was no damage to our surface ships.

2. Liberators of the 7th AAF bombed airfields and installations at Iwo

Jima in the Volcano Islands on 6 and 7 September. Several fires were started. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. Of four enemy fighters airborne on 7 Sep­tember, one was probably destroyed.

3. On 7 September, Liberators of the 7th AAF attacked Chichi Jima in the

Bonin Islands, damaging an enemy cargo ship in the harbor. On the same day Pagan Island in the Marianas was attacked with rocket and machine gun fire. 4. Army Liberators bombed Moen airfields in the Truk atoll on 6 September. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

5. Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued their attacks on remaining positions in the Marshalls on 7 September. A single Navy search plane bombed Nauru Island on the same day. 

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JOINT STATEMENT, SEPTEMBER 9, 1944 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti­submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister 

Last month, due to the effectiveness of the Allied Operations in France, the principal U‑boat operating bases in the Bay of Biscay were neutralized. As a consequence the Germans have been forced to operate their underseas craft from Norwegian and Baltic bases, thereby stretching even thinner their difficult lines of operation. The exchange rate between merchant ships sunk and U‑boats destroyed continues to be profitable to the United Nations' cause. While U‑boat operations continue, they are sporadic and relatively ineffectual. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 541, SEPTEMBER 11, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 9 vessels, including three combatant ships, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

1 destroyer
1 escort vessels
1 gunboat
2 medium cargo vessels
1 small cargo vessel
1 medium cargo transport
2 small tankers 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 114, SEPTEMBER 11, 1944 

Carrier‑based aircraft of the Pacific Fleet struck at enemy airfields and other military objectives at Mindanao Island in the Philippines on September 8 (West Longitude Date). The airfields at Del Monte, Valencia, Cagayan, Buayan, and Davao were bombed and strafed. In these attacks two enemy aircraft were encountered near our carriers, five were encountered over Cagayan, and one over Davao. All were shot down. Approximately 60 enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground. Barracks, warehouses, and hangars were hit at the several airdromes attacked. Enemy waterfront installations at Matins, Cagayan, and Surigao were also bombed.

A convoy was discovered off Hinatuan Bay consisting of 32 loaded coastal cargo ships and 20 sampans. This convoy was brought under attack by Pacific Fleet cruisers, destroyers, and carrier aircraft, and all of the enemy ships were destroyed. In addition, enemy shipping found in Sarangani Bay and Davao Gulf, and near Cagayan and Surigao was attacked, resulting in the sinking or probable sinking of 16 small cargo ships, one medium cargo ship, one patrol craft, and many sampans, and setting fire to two small cargo ships, and at least 17 sampans. Our aircraft losses in the operations were very light. There was no damage to our surface ships.

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More than 80 tons of bombs were dropped and numerous rockets fired by carrier aircraft in attacking the Palau Islands on September 9. Antiaircraft emplacements and other defense installations were attacked on Angaur, Peleliu, and Koror Islands. Numerous fires were started at Koror. A de­stroyer and a cargo ship, believed to have been heavily damaged in previous raids, were attacked again. We lost seven fight personnel in these attacks.

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Paramushiru Island in the Kuriles on September 9, and Liberator search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four attacked the island again before dawn on September 10. In the first attack several enemy fighters unsuccessfully attempted to intercept our force, and one fighter was damaged. A convoy discovered underway near Paramushiru was bombed by Eleventh Army Air Force Mitchells on September 9.

Runways and air facilities at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands were hit with 37 tons of bombs by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on September 9. Antiaircraft was moderate to intense. Seven to ten enemy fighters intercepted. Of this group five or six were destroyed, one probably destroyed and one dam­aged. Three Liberators were damaged. On September 8 a single Liberator bombed the airfield at Iwo Jima while a Navy search plane bombed and strafed a small tanker west of Iwo Jima, leaving it aflame and probably sinking.

A single plane bombed Pagan on September 8 while fighter planes attacked Rota on September 9. There was no interception at either place.

Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells bombed the airfield and defense instal­lations at Ponape on September 8. Antiaircraft ranged from intense to meager. Seventh Army Air Force Liberators hit the airstrip and antiaircraft gun positions on Nauru the following day.

Further neutralization raids were carried out against enemy‑held positions in the Marshalls on September 8 and 9. Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force and Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing hit gun positions, ammunition dumps and bivouac areas on Wotje, Mille and Jaluit.

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 542, SEPTEMBER 12, 1944 

1. The submarine USS Gudgeon is overdue from patrol and presumed lost.

2. Next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 554, SEPTEMBER 12, 1944 

1. Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet attacked enemy defenses in the Palau Islands on 10 and 11 September (West Longitude Date). On 11 Septem­ber the islands were shelled by battleships and cruisers. One hundred and twenty tons of bombs were dropped by aircraft on buildings, gun positions, and coastal defenses at Babelthuap, Peleliu, and Angaur Islands. On 10 September a small cargo ship near the islands was sunk by bombing and strafing, and another was damaged. More than 150 rockets were fired at defensive positions during the two days, and numerous ground installations were strafed.

2. A single plane bombed the airfield at Iwo Jima on the night of 10 September.

3. Pagan Island was a target for our aircraft on 10 September. Rockets were launched at buildings and gun emplacements. Antiaircraft fire ranged from meager to intense.

4. Seventy‑two tons of bombs were dropped on Truk by Liberators of the

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7th AAF on 10 September. Five or six enemy aircraft attempted interception. One enemy aircraft was destroyed and one was damaged. Antiaircraft fire varied from meager to intense. Minor damage was inflicted on three Liberators.

5. On the same day enemy held positions in the Marshalls were subjected to further neutralization raids. Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed bivouac areas on Jaluit and Maloelap atolls. Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers attacked Mille, encountering moderate antiaircraft fire. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 115, SEPTEMBER 13, 1944 

Carrier based aircraft of the Pacific Fleet shot down more than fifty enemy aircraft and destroyed more than 150 on the ground in a day long attack against Cebu, Negros, and Panay Islands in the Philippines on Septem­ber 11 (West Longitude Date). Preliminary reports are fragmentary, but it is indicated that air operations are continuing against strong enemy opposition. Several cargo ships and numerous smaller craft were sunk in the initial attacks.

Paramushiru in the Kurile Islands was bombed and strafed by search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four on September 10. Waterfront installations along the Southeast Coast were the principal targets and several fires were started. Each of two medium cargo ships discovered near Paramushiru suf­fered a direct bomb hit and both were strafed. Strafing attacks were also delivered to a number of small craft offshore. On the same day a Navy search plane bombed Shimushu Island, and another search plane shot down an enemy fighter East of Onekotan Island.

On September 11, Eleventh Army Air Force Mitchells bombed and strafed a number of vessels in the harbor at Shimushu, sinking one medium cargo vessel and four small cargo vessels. Two other small cargo vessels were damaged. Seven enemy fighters intercepted our planes and inflicted minor damage on one Mitchell but all returned safely. On the same day, Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed and strafed Paramushiru, Araido and Onekotan, setting fires to docks and warehouses.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force dropped 26 tons of bombs on airfields at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on September 10. Large fires were started. One of four intercepting enemy fighters was destroyed. Anti­aircraft fire damaged two Liberators. On September 11, a lone Navy Catalina bombed an ammunition dump at Nauru Island, and Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing hit the storage and magazine areas at Jaluit.

Pagan Island in the Marianas was attacked on September 11, by Seventh Army Air Force Thunderbolts using bombs and rockets. Gun positions and buildings were hit. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 116, SEPTEMBER 14, 1944 

Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet swept over the Central Philippines and inflicted crippling damage on enemy air forces shipping and ground installa­tions during a three day strike, September 11 to 13 (West Longitude Date). More complete information shows that the following damage was done to the enemy on Panay, Cebu, Negros and Leyte Islands.

Aircraft destroyed: 156 shot down in combat and 277 destroyed on the ground. This is a revision of planes previously announced lost by the enemy

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in the Central Philippines. As of sundown on September 13, 501 enemy air­craft had been destroyed in the Philippines by our carrier aircraft.

Ships sunk: Two large cargo vessels, one medium transport, two de­stroyer escorts, 35 small ships.

Ships damaged: Five cargo vessels, one medium oiler, 36 small ships, two motor torpedo boats, many sampans. These ship losses are in addition to those previously reported.

Damage to ground installations: Several airfields were bombed and strafed by our planes. Oil storage facilities, ammunition dumps, warehouses, barracks and buildings were set afire.

Enemy air opposition the first day was considerable and was reinforced during the first night so that its strength on the second day was also for­midable. Enemy planes rose to intercept our aircraft, but no attempts were made to attack our surface ships. On the third day, enemy air power was nonexistent and antiaircraft fire was meager. Our losses in planes and flight personnel were relatively light.

Carrier aircraft hit enemy positions at Angaur, Peleliu and Ngesebus Islands in the Palau Group on September 12 with 90 tons of bombs and 165 rockets. Damage was inflicted on coastal gun positions, warehouses and a lighthouse at Angaur.

On September 12, Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two, attacked and damaged a large sampan and two large troop laden landing craft near Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands.

Pagan Island was bombed twice on September 12, one attack being made by a Thunderbolt of the Seventh Army Air Force, the other by a Liberator. Buildings and gun positions were hit. There was no antiaircraft fire.

A single Liberator of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed buildings on Marcus Island on September 11. The plane which returned was damaged by antiaircraft fire. Other Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Marcus Island on September 12.

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force flew through meager antiaircraft fire to bomb Nauru on September 12.

The Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing sent Corsair and Dauntless dive bombers over Wotje on September 11 and again on September 12 to bomb gun positions and communications facilities. Dauntless dive bombers struck at Mille on September 11, hitting bivouac areas. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered at both targets. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 117, SEPTEMBER 15, 1944 

United States Army and Marine assault troops established beachheads in the Palau Islands on September 14 (West Longitude Date) with the support of carrier aircraft and surface combat ships of the Third Fleet under the command of Admiral Halsey. Enemy defenses are being heavily bombed and shelled at close range.

Amphibious operations against the Palau Islands are being directed by Vice Admiral T. S. Wilkinson, U. S. Navy, Commander Third Amphibious Force.

Expeditionary troops are commanded by Major General Julian C. Smith. USMC.

The landings are continuing against stiff ground opposition. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 118, SEPTEMBER 15, 1944 

United States Marines are developing a beachhead in the southern portion of Peleliu Island in the Palau Islands, and are closing in upon the principal airport in the island group. The beachhead extends for approximately one and one‑half miles along the southwestern shore of Peleliu. Several enemy counterattacks, employing tanks, were thrown back during September 14 (West Longitude Date) by our ground forces assisted by strong air support and Naval gunfire. Our casualties during the first day of the assault were light, although the landing beaches have been under sporadic mortar and artillery fire.

The landings on Peleliu Island were supported by carrier‑based aircraft which bombed, strafed, and launched rockets against enemy installations immediately behind the landing beaches on September 14. Gun emplacements and other defense installations on the northern end of the island were also heavily bombed. We lost one plane and four flight personnel in these attacks.

The fast carrier task force covering and supporting the landings by far ranging operations throughout the Western Pacific are commanded by Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, U. S. Navy.

The amphibious assault troops engaged are under the command of Major General Roy S. Geiger, USMC, Commander, Third Amphibious Corps.

The initial landings were made by the First Marine Division, commanded by Major General William H. Rupertus, USMC The ships in direct support are commanded by Rear Admiral George H. Fort, U. S. Navy.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Shimushu Island on September 12, setting buildings afire. Antiaircraft fire was ineffective. Seven enemy fighters rose to intercept our force but did not press home the attack. During the night of September 13‑14 Eleventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed installations at Paramushiru. All returned undamaged to their base.

Three Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Iwo Jima on September 13, dropping 52 tons of bombs on the airfield and adjacent installa­tions. Large explosions visible for many miles were observed. Enemy air­craft made no attempt at interception. All planes returned safely.

Pagan Island installations were bombed by Thunderbolts of the Seventh Army Air Force on September 13. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. On the same day fighter planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing hit gun positions on Rota, encountering meager antiaircraft fire.

Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing made further neutralization raids on the Marshall Island Atolls of Mille, Jaluit, and Wotje on September 12 and 13.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force flew through moderate antiair­craft fire to bomb Marcus Island on September 13. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 119, SEPTEMBER 16, 1944 

During September 15 (West Longitude Date) United States Marines made some additional gains against strong opposition on Peleliu Island and captured the airfield at the southern end. The enemy has launched several strong counterattacks against our positions but has been thrown back each time. 

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An attack begun by our forces on the early morning of September 15, preceded by aerial bombing and Naval gunfire, resulted in steady advances through well organized defenses in depth. This attack was supported by artillery, tanks, Naval gunfire, and bombing. Several enemy tanks were reported destroyed. Our troops had counted more than 1400 enemy dead by nightfall on September 15. Severe fighting continues.

Carrier aircraft continued to give close support to our ground forces throughout September 15. Enemy troop concentrations, gun positions, and supplies were bombed. Carrier planes also bombed airfield installations at Babelthuap, the northernmost island in the Palau Group. Several fires were started by strafing.

Seventy‑two tons of bombs were dropped on Dublon and Moen in the Truk Atoll by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on September 14. Five enemy planes intercepted our force and one Liberator was damaged. The enemy planes were driven off with probable damage to one. Antiaircraft fire was meager. On the same day Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Ponape Island in the Carolines.

Paramushiru in the Kuriles was bombed by Eleventh Army Air Force Liberators at night on September 12. Antiaircraft fire was meager and all of our planes returned. Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four attacked Paramushiru on September 14, setting fire to several buildings. Intercepting enemy aircraft damaged one Ventura. Two of the interceptors were probably damaged. All of our planes returned.

Pagan Island was attacked on September 14 by Thunderbolts of the Seventh Army Air Force. Gun emplacements were hit with rockets and strafed. One plane was damaged by antiaircraft fire.

Gun emplacements at Wotje Atoll were bombed on September 14 by Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered.

A single search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two strafed and damaged two enemy sailboats at Lemotrek Island, east of Woleai, on September 14. Another search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two on routine patrol near Iwo Jima on September 14 sighted two large landing craft escorted by a fighter plane: Both landing craft were strafed and the enemy plane was shot down. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 120, SEPTEMBER 17, 1944 

United States Army assault troops established beachheads on Angaur Island, the southernmost of the Palau Islands, on September 16 (West Longi­tude Date). Carrier‑based aircraft of the Pacific Fleet heavily bombed the island prior to the landings, and cruisers and destroyers took enemy defensive positions under deliberate fire.

The initial landings were made by troops of the 81st Infantry Division, commanded by Major General Paul J. Mueller, U.S.A. The ships in direct support are commanded by Rear Admiral W. H. P. Blandy, U. S. Navy.

All initial objectives have been gained against resistance which so far has been relatively light. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 121, SEPTEMBER 17, 1944 

The First Marine Division continued to encounter heavy opposition on Peleliu Island during September 16 (West Longitude Date), but extended the area under their control in the southwestern peninsula and moved ahead in a northerly direction approximately a third of a mile. Our attack was preceded by bombing and Naval gunfire. The enemy is using artillery and mortars in considerable numbers against our positions although many have been destroyed by bombing and counter‑battery fire. On Angaur Island, troops of the 81st Infantry Division have joined the beachheads established on the north and northeast sectors of the island, and have pushed inland more than a thousand yards against light opposition. The northeast third of Angaur is now in our hands.

Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was bombed on September 14 (West Longitude Date) by a single Liberator of the Seventh Army Air Force and by Liberators in greater number on September 15. In the latter attack the airstrips and surrounding areas were bombed causing large explosions and starting fires. Four enemy planes attempted interception without success. There was moderate antiaircraft fire, which did no damage.

Pagan Island in the Marianas was attacked twice on September 15 by the Seventh Army Air Force. Liberators attacked early in the day followed by Thunderbolts which launched rockets and strafed gun positions and the runway. There was meager antiaircraft fire. There were two attacks against Rota on September 14. In the afternoon Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Air­craft Wing strafed gun positions and Navy Hellcat fighter planes strafed the airfield at night. Rota was again visited by Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on September 15. The runway and gun emplacements were bombed and strafed.

Gun positions and the airfield at Ponape were bombed on September 14 by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells.

On September 15 a single Seventh Army Air Force Liberator bombed Marcus Island.

The same day Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing dropped six tons of bombs on Wotje. One of our planes was shot down. The crew was rescued. Corsairs again bombed Wotje on Septem­ber 16.

A lone Catalina search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two attacked Nauru on the night of September 16. 

SEPTEMBER 18, 1944 

COAST GUARD LIGHTSHIP BELIEVED LOST IN HURRICANE 

The 123‑foot Coast Guard lightship Vineyard Sound is missing from her position off the tip of Cuttyhunk Island in Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts, and is presumed to have been lost with 11 officers and men in Thursday's hurricane. All next of kin have been notified. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 122, SEPTEMBER 18, 1944 

During the night of September 16‑17 (West Longitude Date) the enemy counterattacked the western flank of our forward lines on Peleliu Island, but was thrown back. An attack launched by the First Marine Division in the

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early morning of September 17 resulted in further gains to the north, and the occupation of Asias Town. Meantime mopping up operations in the southern sector progressed and Ngarmoked Island off the southern tip of Peleliu was captured. Two enemy aircraft bombed our positions on September 17, but caused no casualties. Seabees are at work rebuilding the Peleliu Airfield. Heavy fighting continues.

On Angaur Island several enemy counterattacks have been repulsed and good progress has been made by the 81st Infantry Division. The northern half of the island excepting some strong-points along the western shore is under our control. Through September 17 our forces had wiped out 5,495 enemy troops on Peleliu and 48 on Angaur. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 559, SEPTEMBER 18, 1944 

Major General Francis P. Mulcahy, USMC, has been designated Com­manding General of Aircraft, Fleet Marine Force, succeeding Major General Ross E. Rowell, USMC, it was announced today by Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas.

The change in designation for Marine aviation in the Pacific from Marine Aircraft Wings Pacific to Aircraft, Fleet Marine Force, was announced simul­taneously. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 543, SEPTEMBER 19, 1944

Central Pacific. 

1. The USS Perry (DMS‑17) was sunk as the result of enemy action during the present operation in the Palau Islands.

2. The next of kin of casualties (which were small) have been informed. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 544, SEPTEMBER 19, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 29 vessels, including three combatant ships, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters as follows:

2 destroyers
1 large cargo transport
11 medium cargo vessels
9 small cargo vessels
2 medium cargo transports
1 escort vessel
3 medium tankers 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

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N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 545, SEPTEMBER 19, 1944 

1. The submarine USS Flier was lost in recent operations against the enemy.

2. The next of kin of officers and crew have been informed. 

SEPTEMBER 19, 1944 

USS NOA LOST IN PACIFIC 

The USS Noa recently was sunk in the Pacific as the result of a collision with a U. S. destroyer. There were no casualties to personnel. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 123, SEPTEMBER 19, 1944 

First Marine Division troops on Peleliu Island scored further gains in a northeasterly direction during September 18 (West Longitude Date), securing Ngardololok Town and bringing most of the eastern coastal area under con­trol. There was no significant change in our positions in the center and along the west coast. The enemy, fighting from pillboxes, trenches and other pre­pared fortifications, supported by mortars and artillery, continues to offer stubborn resistance. Found in badly damaged condition on the Peleliu Airfield were 77 single‑engine fighter aircraft, 28 medium bombers, eight light bombers, and four transport plane

On Angaur Island further southward advances have been made and two thirds of the island is in the hands of the 81st Infantry Division. The enemy now occupies only two isolated pockets of the island. During September 1 Saipan Town and Middle Village were occupied.

A landing craft equipped as a gunboat (LCI‑459) struck a mine while firing rockets in close support of our troops on Peleliu on September 17, and sank in about 20 minutes. Two of the crew were wounded, but all are safe.

Shimushu Island in the Kuriles was bombed by Eleventh Army Air Force Liberators during the night of September 16. Antiaircraft fire was inaccurate and all our planes returned to their base. Shimushu and Paramushiru were attacked on September 17 by search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four. Build­ings were set afire. A small boat, loaded with enemy personnel, and a warship, thought to be a destroyer, were strafed off the east coast of Paramushiru. Several enemy fighter planes intercepted and one was shot down. One of our planes was damaged.

Iwo Jima was attacked on the night of September 16 (West Longitude Date) by a single plane. There was no antiaircraft fire.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Marcus Island on September 17. Antiaircraft fire varied from meager to intense. On the same day Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells flew through moderate antiaircraft fire to bomb runways, bivouac areas, and gun emplacements on Nauru Island.

Further neutralization raids were carried out against Wotje in the Mar­shalls on September 16 and 17. Both attacks were directed at storage areas and encountered meager antiaircraft fire. On September 16 Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Jaluit.

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SEPTEMBER 20, 1944 

USS YMS‑409 PRESUMED LOST IN HURRICANE 

The minesweeper USS YMS‑409, which was at sea during the hurricane last week, has not been heard from and is presumed to be lost. The area through which this vessel was passing has been under constant search since the day of the storm, and the search is still continuing. The next of kin of those aboard are being notified. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 124, SEPTEMBER 20, 1944 

During the afternoon of September 19 (West Longitude Date) organized enemy resistance ceased on Angaur Island. The 81st Infantry Division is proceeding with mopping‑up operations.

Shore installations and bivouac areas at Chichi Jima in the Bonin Islands were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on September 18. A direct hit and two near misses were obtained in attacking a medium cargo vessel at anchor in Futami Harbor, and numerous barges were bombed. The cargo ship was left burning and eight to 10 barges were destroyed. Antiair­craft fire was meager.

Pagan Island in the Marianas was bombed and strafed by Thunderbolts of the Seventh Army Air Force on September 18. Antiaircraft emplacements and storage facilities were the principal targets, and several fires were started.

Marcus Island was attacked by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on the same day, and Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells bombed Ponape Island, hitting gun positions and the airstrip in the latter attack.

Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Air­craft Wing bombed Wotje Atoll in the Marshalls on September 18, dropping 27 tons on barracks areas.

All of our aircraft returned from the foregoing missions. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 125, SEPTEMBER 20, 1944 

During September 19 (West Longitude Date) the First Marine Division continued to apply heavy pressure on the left flank of our front on Peleliu Island, seeking to dislodge the enemy from strong defensive positions in the rough terrain which parallels the western shore. The enemy resistance is bitter, but slow progress is being made, and in one sector 11 field guns, 70 machine guns, and 23 mortars have been captured by our forces. Small local advances were made on the left during September 19, but there was no ap­preciable change in our line. On the right flank, along the eastern shore, ad­ditional gains were scored and virtually all enemy resistance has been mopped up. The small unnamed island below Ngabad Island was occupied by our forces during the day.

Mopping up on Angaur Island by troops of the 81st Infantry Division con­tinues. Our forces have killed an estimated 7045 enemy troops on Peleliu and 600 on Angaur. Enemy aircraft dropped two bombs near positions oc­cupied by our forces during the night of September 18‑19, but caused no damage.

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 126, SEPTEMBER 21, 1944 

The First Marine Division made minor gains in a northerly direction along the western ridge of Peleliu Island on September 24 (West Longitude Date) facing stiff opposition from the enemy troops well entrenched in pre­cipitous terrain. Our attack was preceded by gunfire from cruisers and de­stroyers and by bombing.

Meantime, our forces occupied the entire east coast of Peleliu, including the island of Ngabad.

More enemy equipment has been captured consisting of six trench mortars and 31 machine guns. An additional 10 enemy aircraft have been found de­stroyed on the airfield.

The 81st Division is continuing mopping‑up operations on Angaur.

Enemy troops killed on Peleliu number 8,792. Enemy troops killed on Angaur number 850.

The airfield and installations on Babelthuap and the seaplane base at Arakabesan were bombed on September 20.

Seventh Army Air Force Thunderbolts strafed and bombed gun emplace­ments on Pagan in the Marianas on September 19.

Aircraft of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed storage areas at Rota Island on September 18 and attacked it again on September 19, causing several explosions and starting fires.

A single plane bombed Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on September 18. There was no antiaircraft fire.

Truk Atoll was the target of Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on September 18. Sixty‑nine tons of bombs were dropped on the airfield at Moen. Four enemy aircraft attempted interception. Antiaircraft fire was meager. Three Liberators were slightly damaged but all returned.

Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru in the Kuriles on September 19. Direct hits were scored on communication facilities. Later the same day a single Eleventh Army Air Force Mitchell bomber attacked Paramushiru, encountering meager antiaircraft fire. All planes returned safely.

Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked Wotje, in the Marshalls, on September 19. Bivouac areas, storage areas, and communication facilities were bombed. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 127, SEPTEMBER 21, 1944 

Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet swept the island of Luzon in the heart of the Philippines on September 20 (West Longitude Date) striking in great force at shipping in Manila Bay and in Subic Bay, at enemy Installa­tions at Clark Field and Nichols Field near Manila, and at the Cavite Naval Base.

One hundred and ten enemy aircraft were shot down in the air and 95 were destroyed on the ground. The following additional damage was inflicted on the enemy:

    Enemy ships sunk: Enemy ships damaged,
       One large destroyer leader    including those probably sunk
       Four large oil tankers       One destroyer
       One small oil tanker       Two large oil tankers
       Two large cargo ships       One large transport
       One medium cargo ship       Ten large cargo ships
       Two small cargo ships       Twelve medium cargo ships
            One floating dry dock
            Two barges

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In addition to the heavy shipping and aircraft losses inflicted upon the enemy, much damage was done to military objectives on and adjacent to Clark Field and Nichols Field, and to the fields themselves. Our losses in this superlatively successful attack which apparently caught the enemy completely by surprise, were 15 aircraft from which several of the flight personnel were recovered. There was no damage to our surface ships. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 128, SEPTEMBER 22, 1944 

On Peleliu Island the enemy continued to resist bitterly from heavily fortified defense positions on Umurbrogol Mountain during September 21 (West Longitude Date). Troops of the First Marine Division were unable to make any appreciable progress along the western arm of the island. Five heavy caliber enemy guns were captured by our forces during the day. Our front line remains virtually unchanged except for slight northward progress along the west coast. On Angaur the 81st Infantry Division continues to dig remnants of the enemy from caves in the northwestern section of the island. During the day a heavy cruiser shelled enemy defense installations on Koror Island, and scored several direct hits.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Rota in the Mari­anas on September 20. On the same day installations at Pagan were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. No antiaircraft fire was encountered in either attack.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators attacked Marcus Island on September 19 and again on September 20. Gun emplacements were bombed in the latter attack. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered. The runway and gun em­placements on Nauru Island were bombed on September 20 by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Jaluit Atoll in the Marshalls was attacked on September 20 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 546, SEPTEMBER 23, 1944

Mediterranean Area. 

1. During recent operations in the Mediterranean the following U. S. vessels were lost as the result of enemy action:

PT's‑202, 218, 555
LST‑282
YMS‑21
YMS‑24 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 129, SEPTEMBER 23, 1944 

Carrier‑based planes bombed Yap Island on September 21, finding new worthwhile targets, no airborne opposition and only moderate antiaircraft fire.

Enemy forces on Peleliu Island were slowly but steadily being pushed toward the northern end of the island during September 22. Garekoru Village and a small, unnamed island along the east coast were occupied by United States Marines. Approximately three‑fourths of the island is now in our hands.

On the same day seven barges were sighted in the narrow channel be­tween Peleliu and Ngesebus Islands. One was sunk by our patrol vessels and 

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the remainder dispersed. These were destroyed by bombing, strafing and ships' gunfire after being beached on Peleliu. In the action a small supply dump was also set afire.

At sundown on September 22, 7,020 enemy troops had been killed on Peleliu while 950 had been killed on Angaur.

Pagan and Anatahan in the Marianas were attacked by Seventh Army Air Force Thunderbolts on September 21. On the same day Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing strafed the phosphate plant and storage facili­ties on Rota Island.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators attacked shipping in the harbor at Chichi Jima in the Bonins on September 21. One barge was sunk and near misses were scored on a freighter. Large explosions in the harbor area were caused. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Marcus Island on September 21 and gun positions and areas surrounding the airfield at Ponape were bombed on September 21 by Seventh Army Air Force Mitchells.

On the same day Jaluit Atoll was attacked by Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 130, SEPTEMBER 24, 1944 

Carrier‑based aircraft of the Pacific Fleet, continuing the smashing attack against the Northern Philippines begun on September 20 (West Longitude Date), took an additional heavy toll of enemy planes, ships and ground In­stallations on September 21. Total destruction in the two day strike was extensive and the enemy suffered heavily.

The following damage, part of which has been previously reported, was inflicted at and near Clark and Nichols Fields, in the Manila Harbor area and at the Cavite Naval Base during the two day operations in Southern Luzon: 

Ships sunk:

40 classified as ships; six small craft. 

Ships probably sunk:

11 classified as ships. 

Ships damaged:

35 classified as ships; 11 small craft; two floating drydocks. 

Aircraft destroyed:

169 planes shot down in combat; 188 planes destroyed on the ground. 

Aircraft damaged:

45 planes probably damaged on the ground; three planes damaged by ship's gunfire. 

Ground installations damaged and destroyed: 

Extensive and widespread damage was done to buildings, warehouses, railroad equipment, oil storage tanks, harbor installations, hangars, shops and stored supplies and equipment.

Our own losses in this daring and highly successful strike were 11 planes in combat, 10 pilots and five aircrewmen. There was no loss or damage to any of our surface ships.

The total revised box score for the Third Fleet, under the command of Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr., USN, since it began operating in the far 

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western Pacific now stands at: 122 ships and 61 small craft sunk, 137 ships and 109 small craft damaged, 380 planes shot down in the air, 598 destroyed on the ground, total aircraft destroyed 978, crippling damage to air fields and Naval establishments. In addition ships and carrier‑based aircraft of the Third Fleet have supported the assaults on Palau. Our own combat losses have been 51 planes, 37 pilots and 20 crewmen.

The operations of the Third Fleet have forced the enemy to withdraw its Naval forces from their former anchorages in the Philippines and to seek new refuges in the same general area, have disrupted inter‑island communica­tions, and have broken his air force in the Philippines just as operations of the Fifth Fleet broke the enemy carrier‑based air force in the Battle of the Philippine Sea.

Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonin Islands were bombed on September 22 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was attacked twice on September 22 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered in all attacks.

A single Seventh Army Air Force Liberator bombed Pagan on September 22.

On the same day Seventh Army Air Force Mitchell bombers attacked Nauru. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing carried our further neutral­ization raids against enemy held atolls in the Marshalls, striking at Mille on September 21‑22 and at Jaluit and Wotje on September 22. Dauntless dive bombers attacked Maloelap on September 21 and 22. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 564, SEPTEMBER 24, 1944 

1. An attempt by the enemy to reinforce his beleaguered troops in the northern end of Peleliu Island was broken up on 23 September (West Longitude Date). A convoy of 13 barges and one motor sampan, carrying men and equip­ment, was sighted northeast of Peleliu. It was immediately brought under fire by United States warships, some of which ,pushed through mined waters to close range. A number of the barges were seen to explode. Later ten wrecked barges were counted on the reef northeast of Peleliu and the remainder were thought to have sunk. A few of the enemy probably were able to swim ashore without their equipment.

On the same day in Malakal harbor, two camouflaged ships previously damaged by our aircraft, were bombarded by a United States cruiser which scored at least one direct hit.

Marine forces on Peleliu made small gains on both the right and left flanks during 23 September. On Angaur mopping up operations continue. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 131, SEPTEMBER 25, 1944 

Units of the First Marine Division maneuvered so as to by‑pass enemy strong-points on Peleliu Island and made substantial progress in a northerly direction along the western arm of the island during September 24 (West Longitude Date). At one point on the western shore they are less than a mile from the northern tip of the island. During the night of September 23 24 an enemy barge was destroyed by Naval gunfire. Certain elements of the 81st Infantry Division have reinforced the First Marine Division, while other ele‑

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ments are continuing to mop up on Angaur Island. Through September 24 our troops had counted 8288 enemy dead, of which 7313 were killed on Peleliu and the remainder of 975 killed on Angaur. Heavy fighting continues.

Harbor facilities and shipping at Chichi Jima in the Bonin Islands were bombed on September 23 by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Marcus Island on September 22 and again on September 23.

On September 23 Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing strafed

gun emplacements at Rota Island in the Marianas. There was meager anti­aircraft fire.

Bivouac areas at Jaluit Atoll were attacked twice on September 23 by Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. Other Corsairs struck at defensive positions at Wotje Atoll and Mille Atoll on the same day. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 132, SEPTEMBER 26, 1944 

Elements of the First Marine Division drove almost to Akarakoro Point at the northern extremity of Peleliu Island during September 25 (West Longitude Date) while other elements of the First Division maneuvered to encircle bitterly resisting remnants of the enemy entrenched on Umurbrogol Hill. Units of the 81st Infantry Division took additional high ground in the center of the western arm of the island. Communication between the northern and southern pockets of Japanese resistance has thus been severed. Our advance to the north included the capture of Amiangal Hill and the hills adjacent to it, and was made in the fate of heavy resistance from automatic weapon and artillery fire.

Our casualties in the fighting to seize the Palau Islands through Septem­ber 25 are as follows

First Marine Division, Killed in Action, 580; Wounded in Action, 3,639; Missing in Action, 401.

81st Infantry Division, Killed in Action, 106; Wounded in Action, 769; Missing in Action, 5.

No figures are now available as to the number of wounded who have been returned to duty. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 133, SEPTEMBER 27, 1944 

Further gains made during September 26 (West Longitude Date) by the First Marine Division and elements of the 81st Infantry Division on Peleliu Island brought the entire Island under our control with the exception of Umur­brogol Mountain and a small pocket at the Northeastern tip. Rapid progress was made by the First Marine Division attacking in the Northern sector and by Army troops in the center of the Western arm during the day. Two enemy aircraft dropped bombs in the water East of Angaur during the night of September 25‑26, causing no damage. During the same night remaining enemy troops on Angaur failed in an attempt to infiltrate through our lines. Through September 26, our troops had counted 7,517 enemy dead on Peleliu and 1,020 on Angaur. The Northwestern area of Babelthuap Island was strafed by Corsair fighters during September 26.

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On September 24, a single Ventura of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed in­stallations at Paramushiru in the Kuriles. Antiaircraft fire was intense and several enemy planes attempted Interception; the Ventura was slightly dam­aged, but returned safely.

Eleventh Air Force Liberators attacked Paramushiru in the same day. Direct hits were scored on the runway; several fires were started. Twelve enemy fighter planes attempted interception. One of the interceptors was destroyed and seven were damaged. Antiaircraft fire was moderate. All of our planes returned safely.

The airfield at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was bombed on Septem­ber 24, by Liberators of the Seventh Air Force. Antiaircraft fire was intense. One of four enemy planes attempting interception was shot down. Three Liberators were damaged, but all returned safely. On September 25, a search plane of Fleet Air Wing Two strafed a small coastal cargo ship near Iwo Jima. The crew was observed abandoning the vessel which was left dead in the water.

A lone Seventh Air Force Liberator bombed Wake on the night of Sep­tember 24‑25, and several bombed the runway at Marcus Island on September 25. Gun emplacements at Pagan in the Marianas were bombed by Seventh Air Force Thunderbolts on September 25. Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked Rota on the night of September 24‑25, scoring direct hits on the runway. Other Corsairs returned to Rota on September 25, and strafed in­stallations. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered in the latter attack.

Ponape Island in the Carolines was attacked on the night of September 24‑25, by Seventh Air Force Liberators. The airfield and gun emplacements were hit. Other Liberators attacking Truk Atoll on the night of September 24‑25, dropped 55 tons of bombs on the airfield at Eten Island and scored several near misses on shipping found in the Lagoon. There was moderate antiaircraft fire and several enemy planes attempted interception without success.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked Jaluit in the Mar­shalls on the same night, scoring direct hits on communication facilities. Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two and Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed installations at Wotje Atoll on September 25. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered. On the night of September 25, Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing flew through meager antiair­craft fire to bomb installations at Mille Atoll. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 134, SEPTEMBER 28, 1944 

Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet struck hard at enemy shipping and defense installations in the Visayas Group of the Philippine Islands on Sep­tember 23 (West Longitude Date) attacking airfields on the Islands of Cebu, Leyte, Negros, Luzon and Mactan and all shipping found in adjacent waters.

A particularly heavy strike was delivered at Coron Bay between Busuanga Island and Culion Island in the Western Philippines, where a number of the enemy's ships including two of his valuable fleet tankers were sunk.

Only seven enemy aircraft were shot down. Twenty‑nine enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground at the several fields which were thoroughly bombed and strafed.

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The following damage was inflicted upon enemy shipping (including the two tankers at Coron Bay):

    Ships sunk: Damaged
       One destroyer   (including more than one probably sunk):
       One troop transport      Two large oil tankers
       Three large cargo ships      One large cargo ship
       Three large oil tankers      One medium oil tanker
       Six medium cargo ships      Fifteen medium cargo ships
       Five small cargo ships      One small transport
       Three destroyer‑escort type vessels      Twenty‑one small cargo ships
           Two destroyer‑escort type vessels

In addition, between 20 and 30 small craft were sunk or damaged.

The following damage was inflicted upon enemy shore installations:

At Iloilo in Southern Panay, a warehouse and a Marine railway were set afire.

At Bacolod in the Northern part of Negros Island piers and barracks were bombed and strafed.

At Cebu Island warehouses and piers were heavily damaged.

At Mactan Island, East of Cebu Island, oil refining facilities and the air­field were bombed.

At Saravis in the Northern part of Negros Island, buildings and the air­field were hit.

At Legaspi in Southern Luzon a number of partially concealed aircraft were bombed and strafed on the airfield, but the number destroyed and dam­aged was not observed.

Near Ormoc on Leyte Island, oil storage facilities and barracks were set afire.

Our losses in these operations were 10 aircraft but only five pilots and three flight personnel are missing. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 135, SEPTEMBER 29, 1944 

Elements of the First Marine Division landed on Ngesebus and Kongauru Islands, north of Peleliu, on the morning of September 27 (West Longitude Date). The assault was preceded by heavy shelling from cruisers and de­stroyers and bombing from carrier‑based aircraft. Light enemy opposition was speedily overcome. Ngesebus Island is completely secure and our troops are mopping up scattered enemy forces occupying only a small portion of Kongauru Island.

The First Marine Division and elements of the 81st Infantry Division continued to drive the enemy from remaining positions on Peleliu Island. Our forces drove south on Umurbrogol Hill and all the northern arm of the island has been secured with the exception of the pinnacle of an unnamed hill and a small area on the eastern coast. The 81st Division is cleaning out caves and pillboxes on the northwest tip of Angaur Island where a few enemy troops remain.

Naval installations at Chichi Jima in the Bonins were bombed on Sep­tember 27 by Seventh Air Force Liberators. Fires were started and two ex­plosions were observed. Antiaircraft fire which varied from moderate to in­tense did no damage to our planes. A Navy search plane while on routine patrol near Iwo Jima on September 27 damaged an enemy medium bomber.

234

The enemy plane had one engine shot out and was forced to land, nearly missing two fighter planes about to take off from the airfield at Iwo Jima. On September 27 another Navy search plane downed an enemy bomber north of the Palau Islands. On September 26 a single Seventh Air Force Liberator bombed the airfield at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands.

Enemy‑held islands in the Marianas were subjected to further neutraliza­tion raids on September 26 and 27. Seventh Air Force Thunderbolts bombed and strafed installations on Pagan on September 27, and Seventh Air Force Liberators were over Pagan Island twice on September 26. Areas of possible use as airfields were bombed and the Island was strafed. Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Rota, doing further damage to the air­field.

Liberators of the Seventh Air Force bombed Wake Island on the night of September 25. Nauru was bombed on September 26 by Seventh Air Force Mitchells. The airfield and gun emplacements were hit. There was meager antiaircraft fire.

Liberators of the Seventh Air Force flew over Truk Atoll on September 26 in search for possible enemy shipping attempting to supply the isolated gar­rison. No shipping was found and bomb loads were dropped on installations still remaining on the key islands. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Defense installations at Jaluit Atoll in the Marshalls were bombed on September 26 by Venturas of Group One, Fleet Air Wing Two, and Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. On the same day Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing further neutralized Wotje, Maloelap, and Mille Atolls.

Eleventh Air Force Liberators bombed Southern Paramushiru September 26. There was no enemy opposition. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 136, SEPTEMBER 29, 1944 

Kongauru Island and an unnamed Island near it, both in the Palau Group Northeast of Peleliu Island, were secured on September 28 (West Longitude Date) by United States Marines. On Peleliu enemy troops cornered in eaves on Umurbrogol Hill are still offering bitter resistance. Mopping up operations are proceeding in the Northern sector of Peleliu and on Angaur Island. Through September 28, our troops had counted 8,717 enemy dead on Peleliu and 1,055 on Angaur, and had captured more than 150 enemy troops who have been made prisoners of war.

The airfield at Babelthuap Island was attacked on September 28, by Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing, which scored numerous direct hits on the landing strips. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 137, OCTOBER 1, 1944 

Isolated enemy forces resisting bitterly from caves situated on Bloody Nose Ridge at Peleliu Island were bombed by aircraft of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on September 23 (West Longitude Date). Numerous 1,000 pound bombs were dropped to demolish remaining enemy fortifications on the ridge. With the exception of the resistance at Bloody Nose Ridge (Umurbrogol Hill) and in a small pocket on Angaur Island, the islands of Peleliu, Ngesebus, Kongauru, and Angaur are secured. Elimination of the remnants of the

235

Japanese defenders continues. More than 10,000 enemy troops have been wiped out in the Southern Palau area since the invasion began.

On September 29 Liberators of the Eleventh Air Force bombed Shimushu Island in the Kuriles. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. All of our planes returned. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 138, OCTOBER 2, 1944 

Military government was proclaimed on Angaur Island on September 30 (West Longitude Date), as mopping up operations proceeded on Angaur and Peleliu. A few fanatical enemy troops, holed up in caves, continued to resist with small arms fire. On the same day, Corsairs of the Second Marine Air­craft Wing bombed the airfield on Babelthuap Island. Antiaircraft fire was intense.

On September 30, 9,076 enemy troops had been killed on Peleliu and 1,075 on Angaur, while a total of 187 prisoners have been captured on the two islands.

Seventh Army Air Liberators on September 20, dropped approximately 37 tons of bombs on Moen and Eten Islands in Truk Atoll. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

Another formation of Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed run­ways and airdrome facilities at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on Septem­ber 30. Antiaircraft fire was moderate but eight aggressive enemy fighters intercepted our planes. One of the Liberators was shot down while several of the others were damaged.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked gun positions on Jaluit Atoll in the Marshalls with 33 tons of bombs on September 30. In the attack a small raft was sunk after strafing. Heavy antiaircraft fire damaged one of the Corsairs. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 139, OCTOBER 3, 1944 

During October 1 and 2 (West Longitude Date) continued progress was made toward eliminating the last enemy resistance at Bloody Nose Ridge on Peleliu Island, and mopping‑up operations proceeded on Angaur Island. The difficult work of rooting out enemy troops from nearly inaccessible caves continues. On the night of October 1 a single enemy plane dropped two bombs in a swamp near the airfield at Peleliu, which did no damage.

On October 1 Seventh Air Force Liberators dropped 31 tons of bombs on the airfield at Dublon Island in the Truk Atoll. Two enemy planes attempted unsuccessful interception. Two Liberators were damaged by moderate anti­aircraft fire.

The SS Elihu Thompson, a Liberty ship operated by the War Shipping Administration and chartered by the Navy, struck a mine while entering a South Pacific port on September 25. Eleven Army personnel on board the vessel were killed by the resultant explosion and 22 are missing. No casualties were suffered by Naval or Merchant Marine personnel. Survivors were re­moved from the Thompson by patrol craft and the ship's own boats, and a Navy salvage unit took the vessel in tow and beached her. The ship can be restored to service. All next of kin of casualties have been notified.

236

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 140, OCTOBER 4, 1944 

Further reducing the remnants of enemy troops still resisting on Peleliu and Angaur Islands, Marine and Army troops destroyed the occupants of a number of enemy‑held caves on October 3 (West Longitude Date). Mopping up operations on Angaur continued. The bodies of more dead Japanese soldiers have been counted, a total of 9,878 on Peleliu and 1,109 on Angaur.

Search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru in the Kuriles on October 2. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered. All our planes returned.

Seventh Air Force Liberators on October 1, scored a direct hit on an enemy cargo vessel near Chichi Jima in the Bonin Islands. Two enemy planes were in the air, but did not attempt interception. Shipping in Chichi Jima Harbor was attacked by Seventh Air Force Liberators on October 2. Antiair­craft fire varied from moderate to meager.

Buildings, gun emplacements, and docking facilities at Pagan Island were bombed and rocketed on October 2 by Thunderbolts of the Seventh Air Force. No antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Seventh Air Force Liberators bombed the runway and installations on Marcus Island on October 2. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

Corsairs and Venturas of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed com­munications facilities and gun positions at Jaluit Atoll on October 2. Anti­aircraft fire, which was moderate, damaged one Ventura. All our planes re­turned safely. Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing flew through meager antiaircraft fire to bomb installations at Taroa Island in the Maloelap Atoll. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 141, OCTOBER 5, 1944 

United States forces on Peleliu Island continued to apply heavy pressure to the remaining pocket of enemy resistance at Bloody Nose Ridge on October 4 (West Longitude Date). Several defensive positions and caves were cleaned out during the day. Mopping up operations on Angaur Island are being con­tinued.

During the operations in the Southern Palau Islands from September 25 to October 5 the following casualties were incurred:

    First Marine Division: 81st Infantry Division:
       Killed, 191    Killed, 145
       Wounded, 1,011    Wounded, 696
       Missing, 0    Missing, 8

The total in the missing category for the First Marine Division has been revised downward from 401 to 267 for the entire campaign.

During the same period an additional 2,618 enemy troops were eliminated on Peleliu and 137 were eliminated on Angaur.

Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing, operating from the airfield at Peleliu, bombed Babelthuap Island on October 4, hitting the air­strips and strafing a concentration of motor vehicles. Warehouses at Koror were also bombed during the day.

Eleventh Air Force Liberators strafed a small cargo vessel near Onekotan in the Kuriles on October 3. On returning to their base the bombers were In­tercepted by two enemy fighters near Paramushiru but were not damaged.

237

Seventh Air Force Liberators on October 3 bombed a large cargo ship and a destroyer northwest of Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands. Antiaircraft fire from the destroyer was meager. On the same day, Marcus Island was bombed by Seventh Air Force Liberators.

Thunderbolt fighters of the Seventh Air Force dropped bombs and rockets on gun positions and shore installations at Pagan Island on October 3. Other planes bombed barracks and communications facilities the same night.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing dive‑bombed airfields and installations at Ponape Island on October 4. Antiaircraft fire was inaccurate.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed enemy positions on Jaluit Atoll on October 4. One Corsair suffered minor damage from antiaircraft fire. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 547, OCTOBER 5, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 11 vessels, including three combatant ships, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters as follows:

1 escort vessel
4 small cargo vessels
1 destroyer,
1 cable ship
1 medium cargo transport
1 converted seaplane tender
1 medium cargo vessel
1 large tanker 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 142, OCTOBER 7, 1944 

Employing tanks and artillery, United States forces made some progress against stubbornly held enemy positions on Umurbrogol Mountain on Peleliu Island during October 6 (West Longitude Date). Total enemy killed at date total 11,083 on Peleliu Island and 1,128 on Angaur Island. Our forces have captured 214 prisoners on Peleliu and 10 on Angaur.

On the same day, Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked several small villages on Babelthuap Island, damaging nine fuel dumps, five supply dumps, two ammunition dumps, two buildings and 28 trucks. Three boats and seven barges in the vicinity of Komeball Lagoon were strafed also.

Liberators of the Eleventh Air Force, flying through weak antiaircraft fire, bombed Paramushiru on October 4. On the same date, Eleventh Air Force Mitchells struck at enemy shipping at Paramushiru and Shimushu, probably sinking a cargo ship and damaging a barge. Returning from the raid, the Mitchells were challenged by 15 to 20 fighters. Two enemy planes were probably destroyed and two damaged. Some of our planes suffered slight damage.

A Navy search plane bombed the airfield and gun positions on Yap on October 4. Antiaircraft fire was meager and ineffective.

238

Seventh Air Force Liberators dropped 33 tons of bombs on the airstrip and hangars on Moen Island in the Truk Group on October 5. Antiaircraft fire was meager and the three or four enemy fighters that rose to intercept did no damage to our planes. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 143, OCTOBER 8, 1944 

Supported by Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing, which dropped 1000‑pound bombs, U. S. Forces on Peleliu Island made further ad­vances against enemy‑held positions on Umurbrogol Mountain on October 7 (West Longitude Date). On Angaur Island, mopping up operations continued. Enemy dead number 11,083 and Peleliu and 1,150 on Angaur. On Peleliu 214 prisoners have been captured, and on Angaur 11 have been taken. A fuel dump and two small buildings were destroyed by our planes in an attack on the villages of Ngatpang and Gamilangel on Babelthuap Island.

Military government was set up on Peleliu Island on September 16 and on Kongauru and Ngesebus Islands on September 30. As previously announced, military government was established on Angaur Island on September 30.

Two Liberators of the Seventh Air Force bombed Wake Island on the night of October 6 without encountering antiaircraft fire.

Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was bombed on October 6. There was no antiaircraft fire.

The airfield and gun positions on Nauru Island were bombed by Seventh Air Force Mitchells on October 5. Antiaircraft fire was ineffective.

Neutralization raids against enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands continued. 

OCTOBER 9, 1944 

JOINT STATEMENT 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti­submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

"During September there has been a lull in U‑boat activity, which is possibly seasonal. This year, as last, the enemy may hope to renew his offensive in the autumn and may rely on new types of U‑boats to counter our present ascendancy. Shipping losses have been almost as low as in May, 1944, the best month of the war. The rate of destruction of U‑boats in proportion to shipping losses remains satisfactory.

"The U‑boat war, however, demands unceasing attention. Only the zeal and vigor of the Allied air and surface forces have procured the comparative safety of our shipping and the enemy's scant success." 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 144, OCTOBER 9, 1944 

Units of the Pacific Fleet attacked Marcus Island on October 8 (West Longitude Date) and throughout the day subjected enemy installations and shore defenses to deliberate and destructive gunfire in good visibility. Con­siderable damage was inflicted and the greater part of the coast defense bat­teries were silenced. Buildings were hit and fires were started. 

239

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 145, OCTOBER 9, 1944 

Elements of the 81st Infantry Division landed on Garakayo Island in the Southern Palau Islands on October 8 (West Longitude Date). A beachhead has been secured and patrols are advancing inland against light opposition. On Peleliu Island Marines continued mopping up operations in the vicinity of Bloody Nose Ridge. Elements of the 81st Infantry Division are continuing to clean up on Angaur. Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Umurbrogol Mountain on October 8, strafed small craft in Ngatpang Bay and bombed fuel dumps and warehouses on Babelthuap Island. All of our aircraft returned.

Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was attacked on October 8 by Seventh Air Force Liberators which bombed the airfield and adjacent installations. Six to eight enemy fighters intercepted our force and two of the fighters were shot down and two were damaged. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

On October 8 a single Navy search plane of Fleet Air Wing One shot down an enemy bomber while on routine patrol. On the same day another Navy search plane bombed and damaged an enemy picket boat.

A lone Catalina search plane of Fleet Air Wing One sighted four small enemy ships near Iwo Jima on October 8. The largest of the four was bombed and strafed. A direct hit was scored seriously damaging the vessel.

During October 6 Seventh Air Force Liberators bombed two small enemy cargo vessels northeast of Marcus Island and attacked targets on the enemy-held island on both October 6 and 7. The Liberators encountered meager anti­aircraft fire. Other Liberators raided Wake Island on the night of October 6 and on October 8.

On October 7 the air strip, radio station, buildings, beach defenses and other military installations on Pagan Island in the Marianas were bombed and rocketed. No antiaircraft fire was met. One of our planes was shot down by antiaircraft fire over Rota Island on the same date.

Enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed on October 7. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 146, OCTOBER 10, 1944 

Carrier‑based aircraft of the Pacific Fleet swept over the Ryukyu Islands in great force on October 9 (West Longitude Date). All naval and merchant ships that could be found were attacked and severe damage was done to shore installations. Preliminary reports indicate that the following damage was Inflicted on the enemy: 

Sunk:

1 destroyer
1 minesweeper
1 submarine tender
2 medium cargo ships
2 small cargo ships
5 coastal cargo ships

Probably sunk:

2 medium cargo ships
4 small cargo ships
1 medium oil tanker
7 coastal cargo ships

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Damaged:

3 medium cargo ships
6 small cargo ships
1 destroyer
2 small oil tankers

In addition to the foregoing, more than 20 luggers and other small craft were sunk or damaged.

Complete surprise was achieved in the attack. More than 75 enemy air­craft were destroyed on the ground. Fourteen enemy aircraft were shot down. Buildings and defense installations on the islands were severely bombed and strafed, and many were left burning. There was no damage to our surface ships, and our plane losses were light.

The carrier task forces which conducted the attack are part of Admiral Halsey's Third Fleet, and the carriers are under the immediate command of Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 147, OCTOBER 10, 1944 

Garakayo Island in the Southern Palau Group which was occupied by elements of the 81st Division on October 8 (West Longitude Date) was com­pletely secured by October 9. On Peleliu Island several hillside and ravine caves were cleared of enemy troops and a small hill was occupied as Marines made some progress in reducing the last stubborn pocket of enemy resistance. On Angaur sniper demolition teams of the 81st Division continued mopping up operations. Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed four small boats and nine barges in a sweep over the east and northwest coasts of Babelthuap Island.

A single Navy search plane on the night of October 8‑9 bombed Nauru Island. There was no antiaircraft fire.

Neutralization raids by our aircraft in the Marshall Islands continued on October 8 and 9. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 148, OCTOBER 11, 1944 

Troops of the 81st Infantry Division landed on Bairakaseru Island in the Palau Islands on October 10 (West Longitude Date). No opposition was encountered. Meantime troops of the First Marine Division continued to make slow but steady progress against the remaining pocket of enemy re­sistance on Bloody Nose Ridge. During the day a sizeable ammunition dump was exploded within one of the largest enemy‑held caves. On Angaur mopping up operations by the 81st Infantry Division proceeded. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas communiqué Number 143 stated in error that enemy dead on Peleliu number 11,08'3. This figure should have read 10,083. Enemy dead counted on Peleliu through October 10 were 10,305 and on Angaur 1,165. On Peleliu 284 enemy troops have been made prisoners of war and on Angaur 11 have been taken. In addition 184 civilians have been interned on Angaur. On October 10, the airstrip at Babelthuap was bombed by Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing and several small craft were damaged by strafing in Gamilangel Bay. 

241

The airfield and shipping in the harbor at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands were bombed on October 9. Eight enemy fighters rose to Intercept; two were shot down, one was probably shot down and one was damaged. One of our planes suffered minor damage.

Supply dumps, personnel areas and a radio station on Pagan Island in the Marianas were bombed and strafed on October 9. One of our planes was shot down by antiaircraft fire but the pilot was rescued.

On October 9, Liberators of the Seventh Air Force bombed Wake Island. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 149, OCTOBER 12, 1944 

A large force of carrier aircraft from a task force of the Pacific Fleet struck enemy air bases and installations on Luzon during the afternoon of October 10 (West Longitude Date). Detailed reports of the damage inflicted are not yet available.

During October 11 elements of the First Marine Division continued to root out enemy troops from caves on Bloody Nose Ridge at Peleliu Island.

A commanding height was seized during the day which overlooks the small area held by the beleaguered defenders. On Angaur enemy troops have been confined to an area 150 yards square by the mopping up of troops of the 81st Infantry Division. A single enemy plane bombed Angaur during the night of October 10‑11 but did no damage and was later shot down by one of our night fighters. Elements Of the 81st Infantry Division reconnoitered Arimasuku Island during the day and found it unoccupied.

Three of our planes while on patrol near Iwo Jima on October 10 were attacked by eight enemy fighter planes. Six of the eight enemy planes were shot down. No damage was inflicted on our planes. Seventh Air Force Liberators sank a small enemy cargo ship south of Haha Jima in the Bonins on October 11 while other Liberators bombed shipping and installations at Chichi Jima. Antiaircraft fire on these attacks were moderate.

Thunderbolts of the Seventh Air Force bombed and rocketed Pagan in the Marianas once on October 10 while Liberators and Thunderbolts struck twice on October 11. Liberators of the Seventh Air Force attacked Marcus Island on October 11 experiencing meager antiaircraft fire. Liberators at­tacked Wake Island on October 10.

On the same day Seventh Air Force Mitchells bombed gun emplacements and the runways at Nauru Island. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. On the night of October 10 Nauru was attacked by a single Navy search plane of Fleet Air Wing One.

Liberators of the Seventh Air Force dropped 55 tons of bombs on the airfield and other installations at Moen Island in the Truk Atoll on October 9. Antiaircraft fire was meager. Three enemy fighter planes attempted intercep­tion without success.

The Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing conducted further neutralization raids against enemy‑held islands in the Marshalls on October 10.

242

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 150, OCTOBER 13, 1944 

Carrier aircraft of the pacific Fleet fast carrier task force striking Formosa on October 11 (West Longitude Date) shot 124 enemy aircraft out of the air and did heavy damage to enemy shipping and shore defense works. Preliminary pilot reports and photographs show that 97 enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground. Initial reports indicate the following damage to enemy shipping 

Ships sunk:

Large cargo ships‑2
Medium cargo ships‑2
Small cargo ships‑12

Ships damaged:

Large cargo ships‑2
Medium cargo ships‑7
Small cargo ships‑10

In addition to the foregoing, extensive damage was done to hangars, buildings, oil dumps, warehouses, docks and industrial establishments at Einansho, Okayama, Tamsui, Heito, Reigaryo and Taichu. Our losses were 22 aircraft. There was no damage to our surface ships. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 151, OCTOBER 13, 1944 

During the late evening of October 11 and night of October 11‑12 following the first day of its attack on Formosa, small groups of enemy aircraft attacked one of our fast carrier task forces operating in the approaches to the Japanese positions in Formosa and the Ryukyus, and repeatedly attempted to torpedo or bomb the carriers or supporting ships in the force. Night fighters sent up by our carriers shot down three fighters in the early evening, and later eight enemy aircraft were sent down in flames by ships' antiaircraft fire.

During the day of October 12 Formosa and the Pescadores were again brought under attack by fast carrier task forces, and heavy damage was done to the enemy air force and its bases, to shipping, port facilities, and shore installations.

A preliminary resume of damage inflicted upon the Japanese in the two-day strike which began before dawn on October 11, shows the following totals:

Enemy aircraft shot down, 221.

Enemy aircraft destroyed on the ground, 175. 

Ships sunk:

2 large cargo ships
4 medium cargo ships
9 small cargo ships
12 coastal cargo ships 

Probably sunk:

1 large cargo ship
3 medium cargo ships
3 small cargo ships
1 oil tanker
5 coastal cargo ships
1 minesweeper

243

Damaged:

6 medium cargo ships
15 small cargo ships
1 large troop transport 

In addition to the foregoing 37 small craft were sunk or damaged. We lost 45 planes in the two‑day attack. Reports are not yet available as to flight personnel rescued.

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 152, OCTOBER 13, 1944 

More complete reports of the strike made by carrier‑based aircraft of the United States Pacific Fleet on October 9 (West Longitude Date) against the Okinawa Islands in the Ryukyu Archipelago indicate that the following dam­age was inflicted upon the enemy (the following figures are a revision of those previously announced in United States Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas communiqué No. 146, and do not represent figures on the recent Luzon and Formosa strikes). 

Sunk:

1 destroyer escort
4 small submarines
14 cargo ships
1 submarine tender
1 oiler
25 small ships
41 barges and small craft 

Probably sunk:

10 small ships
1 minesweeper
9 small craft

Damaged:

8 cargo ships
1 medium landing ship
1 light minelayer
10 small ships
Numerous sampans, luggers and barges

Aircraft destroyed:

23 shot down in the air
59 destroyed on the ground

Aircraft damaged:

37 damaged on the ground

Installations destroyed or damaged:

1 ammunition dump
3 fuel dumps
3 hangars
2 lighthouses
1 factory
Many barracks, buildings, warehouses, etc.

244

In addition on Yama Island in the Harbor of Naha on the Island of Okinawa and also the North shore of the Harbor of Naha were devastated by explosions and fire. 

United States losses:

Our own losses were relatively light: 8 planes in combat, 5 pilots and 3 aircrewmen. 

In the attack on Luzon Island on October 10, more complete reports indi­cate that numerous buildings were set afire in the region of Aparri, on the Northern Coast, and that 10 to 15 enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground. There was no enemy airborne opposition.

Organized resistance in the Southern Palau Islands ceased on October 12, with mopping up operations continuing on Peleliu and Angaur Islands. Small pockets of enemy resistance on both of these islands have been further reduced by United States troops.

Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing continued attacks against shipping and enemy installations on Babelthuap Island, sinking or damaging 11 barges in the Ngatpang River; and sinking or damaging 17 barges, 2 small boats and 8 motor launches off the west and east coasts of the Island. In addition boathouses at Arumonogui Point and Gamilangel Bay were damaged and a locomotive near the villages of Ngardmau was strafed and bombed. One of the Corsair pilots was forced to bail out of his plane but wits rescued later.

Liberators of the Seventh Air Force bombed enemy installations on Yap Island on October 12, encountering no antiaircraft fire.

Truk was also bombed on the night of October 11, by another group of Seventh Air Force Liberators.

Enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed on October 11. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 153, OCTOBER 15, 1944 

During the night of October 12‑13 (West Longitude Date) strong counter­attacks were delivered against task forces of the Pacific Fleet operating in the area of Formosa by aircraft of the Japanese Imperial Air Force. During these attacks on one of our task groups 13 enemy aircraft were shot out of the air by our own fighters and 7 by antiaircraft fire.

Beginning at dawn on October 13 carrier aircraft of the Third Fleet continued their destructive attacks against enemy forces and defense installa­tions on Formosa Island and Luzon. Little air opposition was encountered over the targets. Preliminary reports indicate 11 enemy aircraft were shot down and 30 were destroyed on the ground.

In the mid‑afternoon of October 13 our forces were attacked by numerous single and twin‑engine enemy aircraft. A combat air patrol of one of our task groups shot down 28 of these aircraft and two were destroyed by antiair­craft fire. Complete reports are not yet at hand regarding known attacks on other units of our force, but it is known that many additional enemy aircraft have been shot down. Our plane losses so far have been light.

This fight is continuing. Further details will be released as they become available.

245

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 154, OCTOBER 15, 1944 

Troops of the First Marine Division on Peleliu Island sealed off several ire caves occupied by the enemy during October 13 (West Longitude Date). Angaur, the few remaining Japanese were kept under continual pressure.

Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing One bombed and strafed two small coastal vessels and five barges off the coast of Iwo Jima on October 13. Other search planes damaged a small cargo ship and shot down an enemy torpedo bomber in the same area.

On October 12 Eleventh Air Force Liberators attacked nine small cargo vessels near Matsuwa Island in the Kuriles. The Liberators suffered slight damage from antiaircraft fire, but all returned safely. Mitchell bombers of

Eleventh Air Force on October 12 bombed buildings and installations on Shimushu and Paramushiru Islands. A single Navy search plane of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed Paramushiru Island on October 12. Two enemy aircraft made unsuccessful attempts to intercept, and antiaircraft fire was light. The Eleventh Air Force attacked Paramushiru again on October 13. Installations on the Eastern Coast were hit by Mitchell bombers. Moderate antiaircra­ft fire was encountered. Other Mitchells strafed a two‑thousand ton cargo ship and seven small cargo ships at Suribachi Bay. Liberators started several fires in the North, while other Liberators scored direct hits on docking facilities on the Southern tip of the Island. All planes returned safely.

Pagan Island was strafed and bombed by Seventh Air Force Thunderbolts on October 13. A Navy search plane of Fleet Air Wing One bombed the air­field and supply dumps at Rota Island on October 13.

Nauru Island was bombed by a single Catalina search plane of Fleet Air Wing One on the night of October 12. The airfield and other aviation installa­tions at Nauru were also hit by Mitchells of the Seventh Air Force on October 13. Antiaircraft fire was meager. Seventh Air Force Liberators met moderate aircraft fire in bombing the airfield at Marcus Island on October 13. Other Liberators in a night raid dropped explosives on Wake Island.

Neutralization of enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands by air attacks was continued on October 13 and 14, by the Fourth Marine Air Wing. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 584, OCTOBER 15, 1944 

The United States naval forces which have been operating in the sea approaches to Formosa are units of the Third Fleet, commanded by Admiral F. Halsey, Jr., USN, with Vice Admiral W. A. Lee, Jr., USN, as second in command.

In command of the entire Fast Carrier Task Force Is Vice Admiral M. A. Mitscher, USN. Carrier units included are under the command of Vice Admiral J. S. McCain, USN; Rear Admiral Frederick C. Sherman, USN; Rear Admiral R. E. Davison, USN; Rear Admiral G. F. Bogan, USN, and Rear Admiral H. B. Sallada, USN. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 155, OCTOBER 16, 1944 

Aparri on the north coast of Luzon Island in the Philippines was swept by fighter aircraft of the Pacific Fleet on October 13 (West Longitude Date). Only two twin‑engine and three single engine aircraft were observed on the

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ground, and all were destroyed by strafing. No airborne enemy opposition was encountered. Ground installations in the area were severely strafed

On October 15 a large force of carrier aircraft was launched against airfields in the vicinity of Manila Bay. This force was intercepted by an estimated 50 Japanese fighter aircraft. From 30 to 40 of the intercepting enemy planes were shot down. An additional 15 to 20 enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground at Nichols, Nielson, and Mariveles Airfields. Meantime the ships in one carrier task group underwent persistent aerial attack during the day, and 30 Japanese aircraft were shot down in the vicinity of the group. Only superficial damage was done to our surface ships in this attack.

Nine enemy aircraft were shot down in the vicinity of another fleet unit. Complete reports from all units are not yet available.

Mitchell bombers of the Eleventh Air Force on October 14 bombed installations on the south coast of Paramushiru. Later, two Liberators of the Eleventh Air Force attacked wharves and shipping installations on the northeast coast of Paramushiru. Antiaircraft fire was meager and all our aircraft returned.

Seventh Air Force Liberators on October 14 dropped approximately 48 tons of bombs on the air strip, supply dumps and gun positions at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands. Antiaircraft fire was moderate but eight aggressive enemy fighters, using phosphorous bombs, attacked our planes. One of the enemy fighters was probably shot down while three others were damaged. We suffered no losses.

The airfield runway on Moen Island in Truk Atoll was bombed by Liberators of the Seventh Air Force on October 13. Three enemy fighters were air, borne but did not press home their attack. Antiaircraft fire was meager. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 156, OCTOBER 17, 1944 

Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet are continuing to attack targets on Luzon Island in the Philippines.

Further details now available concerning the results of some of the carrier aircraft attacks on Formosa on October 11, 12 and 13 show that at Tainan the airfield was hard hit and seven hangars were completely destroyed and five heavily damaged. Several buildings in the barracks area were also destroyed.

At Takao the harbor area received severe damage. Thirty large ware houses along the dock area were completely destroyed; ships were dunk it the harbor; heavy damage was inflicted in the industrial area. The airfield at Takao was heavily hit and several adjacent buildings were damaged.

The Okayama Airfield and assembly plants, many shops, administrative buildings and hangars were destroyed or damaged.

At Heito, approximately 15 miles inland from Takao, 14 buildings near the airfield were completely destroyed and eight were heavily damaged. At another airfield near Heito, five barracks were destroyed.

Most of the airstrips at the fields which were attacked have been heavily pitted by bomb blasts. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 157, OCTOBER 17, 1944 

During the fighting between our carrier task forces and the enemy air forces based on shore in the Ryukyus, Formosa and Luzon Island in the Philippines from October 10 (West Longitude Date) until the time of this

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communiqué, there has been no damage of consequence to our battleships or carriers. However, two medium‑size ships were hit by aircraft torpedoes and are retiring from the area. Fortunately, the personnel casualties in these two ships were small.

Japanese Fleet units were sighted approaching the area in which U. S. Pacific Fleet Forces have been operating in the Western part of the Philippine Sea, but on discovering our fighting strength unimpaired have avoided action and have withdrawn toward their bases.

During October 13, 14 and 15, 191 enemy planes attacked one of our Task Groups off Formosa by day and night. Ninety‑five enemy planes were shot down by our fighters and antiaircraft fire, while we lost five planes. On Octo­ber 15, fighters from two of our carriers shot down 50 more enemy aircraft out of approximately sixty planes which attempted to attack our damaged ships. On the same day an additional fifteen enemy planes were destroyed by search and patrol flights from our carriers. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 158, OCTOBER 17, 1944 

Elements of the 81st Infantry Division covered by ships of the Pacific Fleet occupied Ulithi Atoll in the Western Carolines on September 20 and 21 (West Longitude Date). On September 20, advance patrols landed on Fassaran and Mangejang Islands on either side of the main entrance into Ulithi Lagoon, and on September 21, our troops occupied Mogmog, Asor, Patangeras, and Sorlan Islands. The landings were not opposed. The possibility that the enemy may not have been immediately aware of these landings led to the withholding of this information until this time.

Pagan Island in the Marianas was bombed by our aircraft on October 14 and 15. Runways and storage areas were hit.

During the night of October 14‑15, and during daylight on October 15, Wake Island was bombed by Seventh Air Force Liberators.

On October 16, Eten Island in Truk Atoll was attacked by Seventh Air Force Liberators, and on the same day Haha Jima in the Bonin Islands was raided. In the latter attack Okdoura Town was hit, and several small ships in the harbor were bombed.

Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet are continuing to attack objectives in the Philippines. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 548, OCTOBER 18, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 32 vessels, including ;even combatant ships and one naval auxiliary, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

3 destroyers
1 minelayer
3 escort vessels
1 large cargo transport
3 medium cargo transports
1 medium tanker

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1 medium naval auxiliary
12 medium cargo vessels
3 small cargo transports
4 small cargo vessels

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 159, OCTOBER 18, 1944 

Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet again swept over Northern Luzon Island in the Philippines on October 17 (West Longitude Date). Preliminary reports indicate that the following damage was inflicted upon enemy shipping

At Camiguin Island, North of Luzon, two medium transports were sunk, one large transport and a small oil tanker were set afire, and two medium trans­ports were left beached and burning; at Aparri one coastal cargo ship and fuel storage areas along the waterfront were set ablaze. One airborne enemy plane over San Vicente was shot down while 18 were destroyed on the ground, 15 of them at Laoag. Action is continuing and further details will be released as they become available.

A re‑assessment of plane losses inflicted upon the enemy, but based upon still incomplete reports, shows that during the seven‑day period, October 9 to 15, carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet destroyed approximately 915 Japanese airplanes of which 350 enemy planes were destroyed on the ground and 565 planes were destroyed in the air in the Ryukyu‑Formosa‑Luzon area. Of those shot down 269 were over the targets, 256 were in the vicinity of our fleet and 40 were knocked down by antiaircraft fire.

Based upon more complete information, the following damage was In­flicted upon enemy shipping at Formosa by our carrier aircraft on October 11: (These losses are in addition to those reported in United States Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas communiqués Number 150 and 151)

Sunk:

3 medium cargo ships
2 coastal cargo ships
34 small craft

Probably sunk:

1 large cargo ship
1 oil tanker
3 medium cargo ships
5 coastal cargo ships
1 minelayer
2 escort vessels

Damaged:

7 small cargo ships
11 coastal cargo ships
1 oil tanker
34 small craft

United States Losses:

21 planes
31 pilots
21 aircrewmen

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Ngulu Atoll in the western Caroline Islands was occupied by United States forces on October 15. Only slight resistance was encountered. Seven of the enemy were killed and one taken prisoner. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 160, OCTOBER 19, 1944 

Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet on October 16, 17 and 18 (West Longitude Date) continued to attack whatever enemy aircraft and shipping could still be found in the Manila area, Luzon Island, in the Philippines.

On October 16 aircraft from one group of carriers encountered up to 40 aggressive enemy planes over Clark Field, destroying 20 of them in the air. Another 30 or 40 planes on the ground were probably destroyed or damaged.

Incomplete reports show that on October 17 over Manila our fighters shot down 17 enemy planes which, although airborne, did not prove aggressive. An additional 13 enemy planes were shot down in the air and 15 were de­stroyed on the ground at Clark and Nichols Fields. Barracks, fuel dumps, hangars and ground installations at the two airfields were also heavily bombed.

On the same day in the south harbor of Manila Bay, an oil tanker, four medium cargo ships and a floating drydock were destroyed. In addition six large or medium cargo ships were damaged in Manila Bay while a large oiler was damaged in Mariveles Harbor.

Preliminary reports show that our own losses for the action on October 17 were four planes, two pilots and two aircrewmen.

On October 18 carrier‑based planes in a strike against enemy shipping in the south harbor of Manila Bay sank an oil tanker and damaged two large cargo ships, two large transports, six medium cargo ships, four small cargo ships and two medium oil tankers. Four enemy aircraft were destroyed over the target while one was probably shot down and one was damaged on the ground.

Seventh Air Force Mitchells bombed runways and installations on Nauru Island on October 17. One Mitchell sustained minor damage. Heavy to moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on the same day bombed and strafed runways and storage areas at Ponape Island. Fires were started. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers continued bombing and strafing attacks on enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands on October 17 and 18. Two planes were slightly damaged by antiaircraft fire at Jaluit on Octo­ber 17, while one plane was shot down and another damaged at Jaluit on October 18. There were no personnel losses. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 591, OCTOBER 19, 1944 

Admiral C. W. Nimitz, U. S. Navy, Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, has received from Admiral W. F. Halsey, Jr., U. S. Navy, Commander, Third Fleet, the comforting assurance that he is now retiring toward the enemy following the salvage of all the Third Fleet ships recently reported sunk by Radio Tokyo.

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 161, OCTOBER 20, 1944 

Hellcat and Corsair fighters, Avenger torpedo planes and Helldiver bombers of the fast carrier task force, in support of the invasion of the Philippine Islands, attacked targets at Leyte, Cebu, and Negros Islands on October 19 (West Longitude Date). Ground installations were bombed and rocketed. The San Pablo and Dulag Airfields on Leyte were attacked, and direct hits were obtained on revetments and other installations. The town of Dagami was heavily pounded, and a bridge was knocked out. At Cebu Airfield five enemy aircraft on the ground were strafed. An afternoon fighter sweep over airfields at Negros Island found little enemy activity. There was no airborne enemy opposition during these raids. One of our fighters was shot down by antiaircraft fire. A single engine enemy torpedo plane was shot down in the vicinity of our surface ships.

Additional reports have been received regarding strikes by carrier air­craft which occurred on October 17 and 18 in the vicinity of Manila and in the northern part of Luzon. On October 17 a large cargo ship and a patrol vessel were sunk at Laoag Bay on Luzon's northwest coast. A landing ship, a coastal cargo ship, and two luggers were probably sunk at Aparri. An es­cort vessel, two medium cargo ships, three small cargo ships, 16 coastal cargo ships, and 28 small craft found along the Luzon coasts were damaged by bombing, strafing, and rocket fire. Three enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground, and extensive damage was done to ground installations. At Laoag several barracks and fuel dumps were destroyed.

On the same day, in the vicinity of Manila, Clark, Tarlac and Mabalacat Airfields were attacked. Several intercepting fighters were shot down, 19 twin‑engine enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground at Mabalacat, 10 twin‑engine aircraft were destroyed on the ground at Tarlac, and one at Legaspi. Aviation installations at Clark and Mabalacat Fields were bombed and rocketed. We lost two fighters in this attack.

On October 18 our attacks in the Manila area continued, and Clark, Nielson, Pasig, and Nichols Airfields were further reduced. Seven enemy air­craft were destroyed on the ground at Nielson Field, 10 at Clark Field, four at Pasig Field, and one at Angeles. An additional 26 enemy aircraft were damaged on the ground at the several fields. Only slight airborne enemy opposition was encountered in these attacks. During the day a medium cargo ship found at San Fernando, a seaport on Lingayen Gulf, was attacked and damaged. Two barracks were destroyed at Clark Field, three hangars were blown up at Nielson Field, and two fuel dumps at Nielson Field were hit and destroyed. Extensive damage was done to dispersal areas and airport facili­ties in these strikes. Four of our aircraft were lost in these attacks, but the crew of one plane was rescued.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked Yap Island on October 17, and left two enemy planes on the ground afire. Gun positions south of Yap Town were bombed by a single Navy Ventura search plane the same day. Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on the following day dropped bombs on bridges and in the town area of Yap.

On October 18, in a night attack, the Second Marine Aircraft Wing's Hellcats shot up runways on Rota Island.

On October 19 Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralization raids in the Marshall Islands. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 162, OCTOBER 21, 1944 

Carrier aircraft of the, Pacific Fleet on October 20 (West Longitude Date) continued to attack enemy aircraft and shipping targets 3n the Philippines. At Coron Bay, southwest of Mindoro Strait, a cargo ship, previously dam­aged, a small coastal cargo ship and a small escort vessel were sunk. Four enemy PT boats, three at Batangas Bay and one at Cebu Harbor, were also sunk. Several ammunition barges were destroyed in Masbate Harbor, while two medium cargo ships and two luggers were damaged. At Bulan, ground installations and a hangar near the airfield were bombed.

During the day, 13 enemy planes were shot down and 37 destroyed on the ground, some of which previously had been reported damaged. Our losses were three planes, one pilot and one aircrewman.

In the month‑long operations against the Philippines, Ryukyus and For­mosa which commenced on September 21, and have continued until the pres­ent, the carrier aircraft employed have consisted of Hellcat fighters, Avenger torpedo planes and Helldiver dive bombers. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 549, OCTOBER 23, 1944 

1. The submarines USS Herring and USS Golet are overdue from patrol and presumed lost.

2. Next of kin of casualties have been notified. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 163, OCTOBER 23, 1944 

Mopping up operations on Angaur and Peleliu Islands in the Palau group continued on October d and 21 (West Longitude Date). Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing, in support of ground operations, dropped incendiary bombs on the holed‑up enemy. Corsairs also bombed a lighthouse and gun emplacements on Babelthuap Island on October 20.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Yap Island on October 20 and 21. A single Navy Ventura search plane attacked the island also on October 21. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

Liberators of the Seventh Air Force loosed 49 tons of bombs on the airfield and installations at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on October 20. Eight intercepting enemy planes were encountered; three were shot down, one was probably destroyed and one damaged. One of our Liberators was lost.

A Navy search Liberator on October 21 bombed and strafed a small cargo ship west of Iwo Jima.

Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralization raids in the Marshall Islands on October 20 and 21. One of the Corsairs was shot down but the pilot was rescued. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 164, OCTOBER 24, 1944 

On October 23 (West Longitude Date) enemy forces including battle­ships and cruisers were sighted moving eastward through the Sibuyan Sea and Sulu Sea in the Philippines and were attacked by carrier aircraft of the Third Fleet. Further details are not yet available. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 165, OCTOBER 25, 1944 

October 23 (West Longitude Date) searches from carriers of the Third Fleet located two enemy forces headed eastward through the Philippine Archipelago. The first force which consisted of three or four battleships, ten cruisers and about 13 destroyers was sighted south of Mindoro and later moved eastward through the Sibuyan Sea. It was attacked repeatedly by carrier aircraft and incomplete reports indicate that all battleships were damaged by bombs, at least one was hit by a torpedo, and one cruiser was torpedoed too. A second enemy force was sighted in the Sulu Sea southwest of Negros Island which consisted of two battleships, one cruiser and four destroyers. Both battleships were damaged by bombs and the light units were severely strafed.

In the late afternoon of October 23, a third enemy force was located southeast of Formosa approaching from Japanese home waters.

During the action an October 23, a strong force of shore based aircraft attacked one of our Task Groups and succeeded in seriously damaging the USS Princeton, a light carrier. Subsequently the Princeton's magazines ex­ploded and the ship, badly crippled, was sunk.

Her Captain and 133 other officers and 1,227 enlisted men were saved.

Casualties among her personnel were light. Approximately 150 enemy aircraft were shot down during this attack.

On October 24, the enemy forces were brought to action. Reports which are as yet incomplete indicate that severe damage has been inflicted on the enemy, that at least one of his large carriers has been sunk and that two others have been severely damaged. General action is continuing. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 550, OCTOBER 26, 1944

European Theater. 

1. During the Allied operations for the liberation of Northern France the following U. S. Naval vessels were lost as the result of enemy action or the perils of the sea.

USS Miantonomah (Mine Vessel)
LST's‑314, 376, 496, 499, 528 and 921
LCI (L)'s‑85, 91, 92, 98, 219 and 232
YMS's‑301, 850 and 878
PT‑509

2. In addition to the above, a number of smaller landing craft were lost.

3. The next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 166, OCTOBER 26, 1944 

On October 24 (West Longitude Date), the enemy carrier task force which had been sighted in the Philippine Sea on the previous afternoon approaching from Japanese home waters was attacked by a concentration of aircraft, surface ships and submarines of the Pacific Fleet during the day and the following night. Despite their support by enemy aircraft from Luzon, the following damage was inflicted with no damage to our ships involved in this action: 

One large carrier exploded and sunk; one large carrier was severely damaged by bombs and torpedoes and is believed to have sunk; one light

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carrier was definitely sunk; two battleships were probably sunk; two light cruisers were definitely sunk; and two battleships, three cruisers and a num­ber of destroyers withdrew to the northward in a damaged condition.

On October 24, a carrier task group of the Third Fleet assisted units of the Seventh Fleet in striking a force of enemy battleships, cruisers and de­stroyers which had sortied through San Bernardino Strait and was attacking escort carriers of the Seventh Fleet off the Leyte Gulf. Fragmentary reports available indicate that in cooperation with the aircraft from the escort car­riers the following damage was inflicted on this enemy force

One heavy cruiser was seen to sink; four battleships were heavily dam­aged by bombs and left the scene at low speed trailing oil; one destroyer was left dead in the water.

About midnight October 24‑25, this enemy force withdrew through the San Bernardino Strait in a badly damaged condition. During the night, sur­face ships of the Pacific Fleet sank a cruiser of this enemy force. Pacific Fleet carrier aircraft on October 25 were continuing to attack this force during its retirement through the Sibuyan Sea.

This incomplete report will be amplified as further details become avail­able. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ N0. 167, OCTOBER 26, 1944 

Two groups of Eleventh Air Force Liberators hit gun positions and In­stallations on Onekotan Islands and Paramushiru Island in the Northern Kuriles on October 23 (West Longitude Date). Another group of Eleventh Air Force Mitchells bombed buildings on Paramushiru the same day and was intercepted by five enemy fighters. No damage was done to our aircraft. On October 24, Eleventh Air Force Mitchells bombed and left burning a 6,000 ton cargo ship south of Paramushiru. Navy search Liberators and Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four on the same day bombed Paramushiru, Matsuwa, and Shimushu. All our planes returned.

Four grounded enemy planes were destroyed by Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing which bombed and strafed the airfield at Yap Island on October 21. On October 22, 23, and 24 similar attacks were repeated. One of our planes was shot down on October 23 by intense antiaircraft fire. Liberators of the Seventh Air Force also bombed Yap on October 21, 22, 23 and 24, setting fires near the airfield and in Yap Town.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed enemy-­held positions in the Northern Palau Islands on October 22, 23, and 24, de­stroying trucks and barges and setting fuel tanks and storage areas ablaze.

Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was bombed by a single Liberator of the Seventh Air Force on October 22. On October 24, Seventh Air Force Liberators hit Iwo Jima again with approximately 58 tons of bombs. Three enemy fighters intercepted our planes but no damage was done.

Pagan Island was bombed by Seventh Air Force Liberators on October 22 and strafed by Thunderbolts on October 23 and 24. Rota Island was strafed by Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on October 22, 23, and 24.

Antiaircraft gun positions at Nauru were bombed by Mitchells of the Seventh Air Force on October 22.

Dauntless dive bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Air­craft Wing dropped 36 tons of bombs on Jaluit on October 22. Other enemy-held positions in the Marshall Islands were hit by neutralization raids. 

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N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 551, OCTOBER 27, 1944 

1. According to latest information received, the following U. S. Naval vessels, in addition to the USS Princeton (light carrier), have been sunk during the recent operations in the Philippines:

2 escort carriers
2 destroyers
1 destroyer escort

2. No details have been received.

3. Next of kin of casualties aboard the above vessels will be notified as soon as possible. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 168, OCTOBER 29, 1944 

Amplifying reports on the second battle of the Philippine Sea, although still subject to revision as more information is received, indicate an over­whelming victory for the Third and Seventh United States Fleets. The Japan­ese fleet has been decisively defeated and routed. The second battle of the Philippine Sea ranks as one of the major sea battles of World War II in the Pacific‑together with the Battle of the Coral Sea, May 4‑8, 1942; the Battle of Midway, June 3‑6, 1942 ; the Battle of Guadalcanal, November 12‑15, 1942 ; and the first battle of the Philippine Sea, June 19, 1944.

Movements of major Japanese fleet units northward from the Singapore area were detected on October 21 and 22 (West Longitude Date). Submarine scouts sighted the enemy force, sank two Atago Class heavy cruisers and severely damaged a third. Ships of the Third Fleet were moved into position to the eastward of the Philippines off Surigao Strait, San Bernardino Strait, and the Poillo Islands. On October 23 carrier searches discovered two strong enemy naval forces moving eastward, one through the Sibuyan Sea and the other through the Sulu Sea.

Photographs by carrier aircraft showed that the force moving eastward through the Sibuyan Sea included five battleships, thought to be the Yamato, Musashi, Nagato, Kongo and Haruna; eight cruisers, two Mogami, two Tone, two Nachi, one Atago, one Noshiro; and 13 destroyers. The force moving eastward through the Sulu Sea consisted of two battleships of the Yamashiro Class, two heavy cruisers, two light cruisers, and seven or eight destroyers.

AS soon as the presence of the two enemy fleet forces in the Philippine Islands was discovered on October 23, Hellcat fighters, Avenger torpedo planes and Helldiver dive bombers from the Third Fleet carriers were launched to attack both forces. In the Sibuyan Sea, one battleship and one cruiser were severely damaged and set afire and may have sunk. Three other battleships received bombs and torpedoes; three other heavy cruisers received bombs and torpedoes; and one light cruiser was torpedoed, capsized and sank. In the Sulu Sea bomb hits were made on both battleships. Cruisers and de­stroyers were strafed with rockets and machine guns.

Meanwhile, to the eastward of the Philippines, enemy shore‑based aircraft were attacking our carriers. In the aerial battle that ensued, more than 150 enemy aircraft were shot down. Our losses, on which exact figures are not yet available, were light. In this attack, the carrier Princeton was hit by a bomb which caused a bad fire. Later the Princeton's magazine blew up and the ship was so badly damaged that she had to be sunk by our own forces.

Also on the afternoon of October 23, a land‑based Navy search plane dis‑ 

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covered the presence of an enemy carrier force approximately 200 miles off Cape Engano of Northern Luzon, heading south. This force consisted of 17 warships including a large carrier, believed to be of the Zuikaku Class; three light carriers of the Chitose and Zuiho Classes; two battleships of the Ise Class with fight decks aft; a heavy cruiser of the Mogami Class; a light cruiser of the Noshiro Class; three cruisers of the Kiso Class; and six de­stroyers.

To meet this serious threat the Commander, Third Fleet, concentrated several of his carrier task groups and started northward at high speed for a dawn attack.

These units of the Third Fleet steamed north at full speed through the night and caught the enemy so completely by surprise on the morning of October 24 that there was no effective air opposition. Later in the forenoon enemy carrier aircraft which had been refueled ashore in the Philippines flew out to join their ships which had already met disaster. The enemy planes arrived too late to get into the fight and 21 were shot down by our combat patrols. In this action, the following destruction was inflicted upon the enemy: 

Sunk: 

One carrier of the Zuikaku Class, sunk by carrier aircraft. One light carrier of the Zuiho Class, crippled by carrier aircraft and later sunk by the gunfire of cruisers and destroyers. Two light carriers of the Chitose Class, sunk by carrier aircraft. One light cruiser or large destroyer sunk by gunfire. One destroyer sunk by carrier aircraft. One cruiser was severely damaged by carrier aircraft and was sunk during the night by a submarine. 

Damaged: 

One battleship hit by 2‑4 torpedoes and many bombs. One battleship hit by bombs. Three cruisers damaged by bombs and gunfire. Four destroyers bombed, strafed or hit by gunfire. 

None of the Third Fleet ships engaged with the enemy carrier force were damaged. The Third Fleet in this phase of the action lost 10 planes, eight pilots and 10 aircrewmen, all shot down by antiaircraft fire. Before all the damaged enemy ships could be tracked down and destroyed the engage­ment was broken off to proceed to the assistance of Seventh Fleet carrier escort groups then under attack off Samar Island.

The enemy force of battleships, cruisers and destroyers which had been attacked in the Sibuyan Sea had sortied through the San Bernardino Strait in spite of damage inflicted by our carrier aircraft, and had attacked units of the Seventh Fleet off Samar Island during the morning of October 24. In the ensuing battle, most of the enemy's heavy ships were badly damaged by Seventh Fleet units assisted by carrier aircraft from the Third Fleet. One cruiser of the Mogami Class was seen to sink and one destroyer was left dead in the water. The enemy force ran northwest from the scene of the action and during the early hours of darkness passed westward through the San Bernardino Strait. About 2 a.m. a straggling cruiser was sunk by gun­fire of the Third Fleet.

Meanwhile the southern enemy force had crossed the Sulu Sea, the Min­danao Sea, had attempted to pass through the Surigao Strait, and met the Seventh Fleet in a night action October 24‑25. As announced by the Com­mander in Chief, Southwest Pacific Area, all units of this enemy force were sunk or decisively defeated.

On October 25, carrier aircraft of the Third Fleet were launched against 

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the crippled and damaged enemy fleeing westward through the Sibuyan Sea. Damage done to the enemy during the retirement of the enemy forces from San Bernardino Strait by the combined efforts of the Third and Seventh Fleets and shore‑based aircraft of the Southwest Pacific Area included one Mogami Class cruiser sunk off Mindoro Island, one Noshiro Class cruiser sunk south of Mindoro Island, one battleship possibly sunk, and three other battleships and three other cruisers further damaged.

The total damage inflicted on the Japanese fleet during the period Octo­ber 22‑27, 1844, included: 

Sunk:

Two battleships
Four carriers
Six heavy cruisers
Three light cruisers
Three small cruisers or large destroyers
Six destroyers

Severely damaged and may have sunk:

One battleship
Three heavy cruisers
Two light cruisers
Seven destroyers

Escaped in a damaged condition:

Six battleships
Four heavy cruisers
One light cruiser
Ten destroyers

During the same actions the losses sustained by United States Naval forces were one light carrier (Princeton), two escort carriers, two destroyers, one destroyer escort and a few lesser craft.

The following battleships seriously damaged at Pearl Harbor took part in these actions: West Virginia, Maryland, Tennessee, California, and Penn­sylvania. The new carriers Lexington, Wasp and Hornet also participated.

In all these actions, United States submarines played a highly important part and are credited with sinking and damaging several enemy warships‑­both before and after the air and sea battles on October 23, 24 and 25.

Much of the credit for the destruction inflicted on the Japanese fleet goes to the Naval airmen who gallantly and relentlessly pressed their at­tacks home with telling effect. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 169, OCTOBER 30, 1944 

Carrier aircraft of the Third Fleet continued to attack targets in South­ern Luzon on October 28. In Manila Harbor a heavy cruiser, previously damaged was probably sunk while another cruiser was damaged. A third cruiser off Cavite was hit by two 1,000 pound bombs and severely damaged. An oil tanker was also damaged when it received a hit from a 1,000 pound bomb. Airfields in the vicinity of Manila were attacked. Twelve or more planes were destroyed on the ground and several large fires were started. Our aircraft were intercepted by a number of enemy fighters over Southern Luzon, 46 of which were shot down. One of our carrier groups was attacked 

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by enemy fighters and dive bombers, of which 12 were shot down. Two more enemy planes were shot down the next day over our carriers.

In the Central Philippines, search and patrol flights by carrier‑based aircraft of the Third Fleet on October 28 and 29 shot down 19 enemy fighters and destroyed three coastal cargo vessels near Cebu.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed the airfield on Yap Island on October 25. Seventh Air Force Liberators attacked the same air­strip on October 26, 27 and 28. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Enemy barges were strafed off Babelthuap Island in the Palau Group and a radio station was hit by Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on October 25. Our fighters met meager antiaircraft fire.

Seventh Air Force Thunderbolts attacked targets on Pagan Island on October 25. Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed gun em­placements near the Rota Airstrip on October 25 and 27.

Five enemy barges were damaged by a single Navy search plane at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on October 26. Navy search Liberators bombed the airfield on October 27. Another Navy search plane destroyed a radio and weather station and left fires on Muko Jima in the Bonin Islands on October 27. Seventh Air Force Liberators started fires and bombed shipping in the Haha Jima Harbor on October 27. The next day another group of Seventh Air Force Liberators bombed the same harbor installation and shipping again.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed objectives on Wake Island on October 24. Two sampans were strafed. Enemy antiaircraft fire was inaccurate.

Mitchell bombers of the Seventh Air Force bombed the airfield and de­fense installations on Nauru Island on October 26, causing large fires. Anti­aircraft fire was meager. Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing hit the airfield on Ponape during October 24. One of our planes was slightly damaged by antiaircraft fire.

Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two continued neutralization raids in the Marshall Islands during October 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 610, OCTOBER 30, 1944 

Reflecting the growing importance of minecraft in the Pacific war, Ad­miral Chester W. Nimitz, USN, Commander in Chief of the Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, today announced the establishment of the command of Commander, Minecraft, Pacific Fleet.

Rear Admiral Alexander Sharp, USN, of Welcome, Charles County, Md., has been appointed to the new post.

Before coming to the Pacific area, Rear Admiral Sharp was Commander, Service Force, Atlantic Fleet. Prior to that, he commanded all battleships in the Atlantic, which included active direction of various task forces.

As commander, Minecraft, Pacific Fleet, Rear Admiral Sharp will be con­cerned with the establishment of policies relating to the organization, main­tenance and employment of all ships in the Pacific Fleet primarily employed In mine laying, mine sweeping, net laying, net tending and degaussing. 

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N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 552, OCTOBER 31, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 18 vessels, including one combatant ship, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

3 medium cargo transports
1 large transport
2 small cargo transports
1 destroyer
4 small cargo vessels
5 medium cargo vessels
1 medium tanker
1 small auxiliary

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 170, OCTOBER 31, 1944 

A conservative recapitulation of enemy aircraft losses during the past two months from August 30 to the present, reported by the Third and Seventh Fleets (the latter operating under General MacArthur) shows that 1,462 planes were shot down in the air and 1,132 destroyed on the ground, making a grand total of 2,594 destroyed by Pacific Fleet carrier aircraft. In addi­tion, 252 planes were probably destroyed or damaged. Our own losses during this period were approximately 300 carrier planes, with pilot and aircrew losses considerably less because of rescue operations which saved many lives.

The enemy suffered its greatest losses during the following periods: Sep­tember 9‑24 in Philippines by Third Fleet, shot down, 362; destroyed on ground, 584.

October 10‑16 in Nansei Shoto Islands, Philippines, and Formosa by Third Fleet, shot down, 528; destroyed on ground, 304; damaged, 59.

October 17‑18 in Philippines by Third Fleet, shot down, 55; destroyed on ground, 31; damaged, 55.

October 22‑27 in second battle Philippine Sea, by Third and Seventh Fleets, shot down, 392; destroyed on ground, 31; damaged, 20.

Liberators of the Seventh Air Force bombed shipping in Chichi Jima Harbor in the Bonins on October 28 (West Longitude Date). Other Liber­ators bombed barges at Haha Jima on the same day.

Search planes of Fleet Air Wing One carried out strafing and bombing attacks on five small cargo ships at Kita Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands. One of the ships was sunk, one was badly damaged and one was set ablaze.

On October 28 Corsair fighters of Marine Air Wing Two strafed Instal­lations at Rota Island. Antiaircraft fire was intense. The next day Corsairs again bombed Rota, hitting the airfield; while Thunderbolts of the Seventh Air Force bombed Pagan Island.

Seventh Air Force Liberators bombed the airfield and gun positions on Yap Island on October 27 and 28. Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed barges at Yap on October 28. Antiaircraft fire was meager. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 171, NOVEMBER 1, 1944 

In the second Battle of the Philippine Sea, October 22‑27 (West Longi­tude Date), several United States ships of the Third and Seventh Fleets (the latter operating under the command of General MacArthur) were dam­aged. The names of these ships will not be made public, nor will the extent and amount of damage be announced at the present time. Such information would be of value to the enemy in estimating accurately the size of our Naval forces operating in Philippine waters and what ships are available for immediate action.

Mitchell bombers of the Eleventh Air Force bombed Paramushiru in the Northern Kuriles on October 30, setting buildings afire and damaging several small craft. Antiaircraft fire was inaccurate and all planes returned.

A single Navy search plane bombed the airfield at Iwo Jima on October 29. Antiaircraft fire was not encountered.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed personnel areas on Rota Island on October 30. Antiaircraft fire was meager.

Seventh Air Force Liberators on October 29 dropped bombs on the air­field at Yap Island, causing fires and explosions. Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing also bombed the airstrip and set a fuel dump ablaze.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on October 29 strafed tar­gets on Babelthuap Island in the Northern Palau Islands and sank two barges.

Seventh Air Force Mitchells bombed the airstrip and gun installations on Nauru Island on October 30.

Enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands were bombed in neutraliza­tion raids on October 29 and 30. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 172, NOVEMBER 2, 1944 

A single enemy PT boat on the night of October 26 (west Longitude Date) attempted to attack one of our beaches on Peleliu Island in the South­ern Palaus where cargo unloading was in process. A torpedo is thought to have been launched but it did no damage. There were a few personnel cas­ualties, however, from enemy machine gun fire from the vessel. The PT boat was sunk as it tried to escape northward.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed ship­ping installations and oil storage areas on Koror Island in the Northern Palaus on October 30. A second group of Corsairs hit trucks and barges at Babelthuap Island on the same day.

The airfield at Yap Island was bombed and strafed by Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on October 30.

A single Navy search Liberator bombed targets on Iwo Jima through meager antiaircraft fire on October 30.

Seventh Air Force Thunderbolts strafed installations and gun positions on Pagan Island on October 31.

Neutralization raids against enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands continued on October 30. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 173, NOVEMBER 3, 1944 

During the night of November 1‑2 (West Longitude Date) nine enemy twin‑engine bombers, presumably from bases in the Bonins, bombed and strafed Isely Airfield on Saipan and the northern airfield in Tinian. Three of the enemy raiders were shot down, one by night fighter aircraft and two

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by antiaircraft guns. Our personnel casualties were four killed and one seriously injured when one of the enemy planes was shot down and crashed on the field. Minor damage was suffered at both airfields.

An enemy reconnaissance sea plane attacked Peleliu Island on October 31 but was shot down by one of our Hellcat night fighters.

One of the Third Fleet carrier groups was attacked by enemy fighters and dive bombers on November 1, inflicting some damage to several ships and light personnel casualties. Six enemy planes were destroyed by antiaircraft fire and four others were shot down by our aircraft.

Eleventh Air Force Mitchell bombers dropped fragmentation and in­cendiary bombs on Paramushiru on October 31. One of our planes was at­tacked by five enemy fighters but is reported to have landed safely.

Seventh Air Force Army Liberators and Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing One teamed up to hit enemy positions in the Volcano Islands and the Bonins on October 31. Airfields at Chichi Jima and Iwo Jima were bombed, shipping at Iwo Jima was attacked, and buildings at Haha Jima were hit. Antiaircraft fire was intense. Seventh Air Force Liberators bombed four cargo ships at Chichi Jima on November 1, scoring several direct hits. One ship was sunk, one was left burning while the other two were damaged. Seventh Air Force Liberators also bombed shipping in the harbor at Haha Jima on the same day.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing set barges afire at Babel­thuap Island in the Northern Palaus on October 31. Corsairs also bombed the airfield at Yap Island.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed enemy targets on Rota Island on October 31. On November 1 targets on Rota were again strafed by Corsairs while Seventh Air Force Thunderbolts launched rockets against supply dumps on Pagan Island. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 617, NOVEMBER 3, 1944 

Rear Admiral Walden L. Ainsworth, USN. of Wonalancet, N. H., has assumed command as Commander Cruisers and Commander Destroyers, Pa­cific Fleet, Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, USN, Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, announced today.

Rear Admiral Ainsworth succeeds Rear Admiral James L. Kauffman, USN, of Miami Beach, Fla., who has been assigned another sea command. Before taking over his new post, Rear Admiral Ainsworth was commander of a cruiser division.

A veteran campaigner, the flag officer has commanded numerous task forces in the Pacific since the outbreak of war. With one exception, he par­ticipated in every major naval action in the South Pacific area since De­cember, 1942. Units under his command have engaged in most of the recent combat in the Western Pacific. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 174, NOVEMBER 4, 1944 

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed targets on Yap Island and in the Northern Palaus on November 1 (West Longitude Date). Two small cargo ships were heavily damaged near Babelthuap, while barges and trucks were destroyed at both Babelthuap and Yap.

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Seventh Air Force Thunderbolts bombed Pagan Island on November 2, destroying a twin‑engine bomber as it neared the airfield. Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed gun emplacements at Rota Island on the same day.

Seventh Air Force Liberators bombed the airstrip and installations at Marcus Island on November 1, repeating the attack the next day.

A single PBY of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Nauru Island on the night of November 1‑2. Antiaircraft fire was inaccurate.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued to neutralize enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands on November 2. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 175, NOVEMBER 5, 1944 

Liberators of the Seventh Air Force attacked enemy shipping in Chichi Jima Harbor in the Bonin Islands on November 2 (West Longitude Date). Targets included two destroyers, one large transport, four medium transports and four small transports. Other Seventh Air Force Liberators bombed a large enemy transport at Haha Jima on November 2. Land objectives at Haha Jima were attacked by Liberators the next day.

A Navy search Liberator attacked Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on November 2. Seventh Air Force Liberators bombed the airstrip on Iwo Jima on November 3. Two grounded enemy planes were destroyed and one prob­ably destroyed. Six to eight Japanese fighters were seen in the air but did not attack our planes. Five Liberators were damaged by intense antiaircraft fire.

Koror Island in the Northern Palaus was heavily attacked by Seventh Air Force Liberators on November 2. Large fires were started and explosions were observed.

Thunderbolts and Liberators of the Seventh Air Force damaged the air­field on Pagan Island in the Marianas on November 2 and 3. Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed enemy installations on Rota Island on November 3.

Yap was hit by Seventh Air Force Liberators on November 2. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 176, NOVEMBER 6, 1944 

Catching the enemy apparently by surprise, carrier‑based Hellcat fighters, Avenger torpedo planes and Helldiver dive bombers of the Third Fleet bombed airfields, shipping and ground installations in Southern Luzon on November 4 (West Longitude Date). Preliminary reports show that much damage was done in Manila Harbor, and at five airfields in the vicinity.

Over Clark Field our fighters were intercepted by 80 enemy planes, of which 58 were shot down. Enemy air opposition became less effective during the remainder of the day, but an additional 25 enemy interceptors were shot down over other targets. Five more enemy planes were shot down in the vicinity of Third Fleet carriers and three more were destroyed by our night fighters over Clark Field. More than 100 planes on the ground were also destroyed during the operation. Our losses have not yet been reported.

Over Manila there was only light opposition. Shipping in the Harbor was heavily bombed, with preliminary reports showing the following results one heavy cruiser burning and left in a sinking condition from several bomb

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and torpedo hits. One light cruiser damaged. Three destroyers damaged. Several cargo ships damaged. One subchaser sunk (off Lubang Island).

At Clark Field, oil storage areas, shops, and hangars were bombed and set afire. At Batangas Field, Lipa Field, Lagaspi Field, and Lubang Field, ground installations were heavily damaged.

Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four strafed targets at Tori Shima, an island east of Paramushiru in the Kuriles on November 4. Eleven aggressive enemy fighters intercepted our planes and shot one of them down. Eleventh Air Force Liberators bombed installations at Kurabu Zaki on the southern tip of Paramushiru and started several fires. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed two 180 foot enemy transports at Chichi Jima in the Bonin Islands on November 4. Results were not observed. Other Liberators hit Haha Jima on the same day. Our planes were intercepted by two enemy fighters, one of which was damaged.

Catalinas of Fleet Air Wing One attacked targets on Koror Island in the Northern Palau Islands on November 3. On November 4, Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed airfields on Babelthuap Island and started fires in the Northern Palau Islands. Other Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing strafed the airstrip on Yap Island.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Wake Island on November 1. Enemy defense installations and airstrips were attacked. Anti­aircraft fire damaged two Venturas, but none of our pilots or crewmen was injured. There was no enemy air opposition.

Seventh Air Force Liberators attacked air defenses and enemy shipping at Marcus Island on November 3 and 4. Two Liberators were damaged by anti­aircraft fire.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Nauru on Novem­ber 4. One small explosion was observed. Enemy antiaircraft fire was intense but inaccurate. A single Catalina of Fleet Air Wing Two attacked Nauru the night of November 4.

Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralization raids on the Marshall Islands on November 4. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 177, NOVEMBER 7, 1944 

Hellcat fighters, Avenger torpedo planes and Helldiver dive bombers of the Third Fleet on November 5, (West Longitude Date) continued attacks on Southern Luzon which had been begun the previous day. Preliminary reports show that additional heavy damage was inflicted upon the enemy's air strength, shipping and ground installations by our airmen on the second day of the operation.

In addition to the 191 planes destroyed on November 4 (as previously announced in communiqué No. 176), an additional 249 enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground and in the air on November 5. Many others were damaged on the ground by strafing. A recapitulation of the number of enemy aircraft destroyed in the two day strike totals 440; with 113 of these having been shot down in the air and 327 destroyed on the ground. The largest con­centrations of enemy planes were found at Nichols Field, Clark Field and Nielson Field, Lipa Field, Tarlac Field, Bamban Field and Mabalacat Field. Figures on our own losses are not yet available.

Heavy damage was inflicted upon enemy ground installations during the attack on November 5. Three oil storage areas were set ablaze at the North 

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Clark Field; fire resulted from a tremendous explosion at the Northeast Clark Field; a railway engine and five tank cars were destroyed north of Malvar.

Shipping in Manila Harbor was again brought under aerial attack on November 5, and the following damage was inflicted on this day:

Three cargo ships sunk
One oil tanker sunk
One destroyer probably sunk
Two destroyers damaged
Two destroyer escorts damaged
One trawler damaged
Several cargo ships damaged (making a total of 14 cargo ships damaged for the two day strike) 

A single Liberator of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed three small transports off the northeast coast of Onekotan Island on November 5. Other Eleventh Air Force Liberators also bombed the island the same day. In a running battle with seven enemy fighters the Liberators shot down one plane and probably destroyed another. Two Liberators were damaged. A single Liberator also bombed Otomari, south of Onekotan. Results were unobserved. Tori Shima, a small island east of Paramushiru, was bombed and strafed by Eleventh Air Force Mitchells on the same day. All planes returned.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed three cargo ships and a tanker at Haha Jima in the Bonins on November 5, but results were not observed. On the same day other Liberators bombed Ant Jima in the Bonins.

Corsairs and Avengers of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on November 5 strafed and bombed Rota Island, the phosphate plant being the principal target.

Neutralization raids by Corsairs and Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing were continued in the Marshall Islands on November 5. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 178, NOVEMBER 8, 1944 

Eleven enemy aircraft raided Saipan and Tinian Islands shortly after midnight on November 6 (West Longitude Date), causing no damage or per­sonnel casualties. Three planes were shot down by antiaircraft fire while a fourth was probably destroyed.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators dropped bombs on an airfield and revetments at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on November 6. A large fire resulted and two twin‑engine bombers on the ground were probably destroyed. A Navy search Liberator also bombed Iwo Jima on November 5.

Thunderbolts of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Pagan Island twice on November 6, rocketing and strafing installations.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked enemy barges and small craft in the Northern Palau Islands on November 6.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed antiaircraft gun positions and a radio station on Marcus Island on November 6.

Navy search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed gun positions, airstrips and ground installations on Wake Island on November 6. Large fires were started.

Neutralization raids were made over the Marshalls on November 6 by Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. 

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JOINT STATEMENT, NOVEMBER 10, 1944 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and antisub­marine operations in October is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

"The scope of the German U‑boats' activities in October 1944 was materially below that of any other month of the war; in consequence of which the number of United Nations' merchant vessels sunk by German submarines during the month was also the lowest of any month of the entire war.

"Although the number of German U‑boats destroyed was less than what has come to be considered a good monthly 'bag', it compares very favorably with the number of Allied merchant vessels sunk by U‑boats.

"The Allies continue to supply on schedule their ever‑growing armies in Europe." 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 553, NOVEMBER 10, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of six vessels, including one combatant ship and one Naval auxiliary, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

1 light cruiser
1 medium converted seaplane tender
3 medium cargo vessels
1 medium tanker

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 179, NOVEMBER 10, 1944 

On November 6 (West Longitude Date) Mitchells of the Eleventh Army Air Force and Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four bombed and strafed Tori Shima Island in the Northern Kuriles, and attacked nine self‑propelled wooden barges off the east coast of Paramushiru, two of which were seen to blow up and sink. Our aircraft were intercepted by 15 to 29 enemy fighters, three of which were shot down, one probably shot down, and one damaged. One of the Mitchells was lost. On November 8, Eleventh Army Air Force Liberators attacked Paramushiru, Matsuwa and Onekotan Islands, but results were not reported.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on November 7 bombed two barges at Haha Jima in the Bonin Islands with unobserved results. At Chichi Jima, a direct hit was scored on a medium cargo ship. A Navy search Libera­tor bombed Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on November 8.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed the phosphate works and air strip at Rota Island on November 7, while Corsairs and Avengers destroyed a sugar mill on November 8. Thunderbolts of the Seventh Army Air Force strafed supply dumps and installations on Pagan Island on November 8.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Marcus Island on November 8.

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 180, NOVEMBER 11, 1944 

Carrier‑based Hellcat fighters, Avenger torpedo planes and Helldiver dive bombers of the Third Fleet attacked a 10‑ship enemy convoy just outside Ormoc Bay on November 10 (West Longitude Date), destroying or probably destroying nine ships. The convoy consisting of three large transports, one medium transport, five destroyers, and one destroyer escort, was apparently attempting to reinforce enemy positions on Leyte Island. The damage inflicted upon the enemy consisted of the following:

Transport seen to explode and sink.
The three other transports seen to sink.
Two destroyers seen to sink
One destroyer escort seen to sink
One destroyer left awash, thought to have sunk.
One destroyer with bow blown off, thought to have sunk
One destroyer damaged

(These ships destroyed and damaged are in addition to the ones destroyed the previous day in the same general area by General MacArthur's land‑based aircraft and reported previously by him.)

Approximately 20 aggressive enemy fighters furnished aerial cover for the convoy attacked by the carrier‑based planes. Of these 13 were shot down and five were probably destroyed. In addition, a two‑engined reconnaissance plane and a dive bomber were shot down near our carriers. Our losses were nine planes but it is believed that most of the pilots and aircrewmen were rescued.

Catalinas of Fleet Air Wing One on the night of November 8 bombed ground installations at Koror Island in the Northern Palau Islands. Hellcats of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing harassed the Arakabesan Area on Babel­thuap in night sorties. Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Yap Island, hitting the airstrip, hangars and small craft.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on November 8 bombed anti­aircraft gun positions and harbor shipping at Haha Jima in the Bonins. Other Liberators bombed Okimura Town on Haha Jima, causing two large explosions near antiaircraft gun positions. A Navy search Liberator bombed Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands while Army Liberators strafed Kita Iwo Jima. On November 9 Seventh Army Air Force Liberators again bombed Iwo Jima, hitting the airfield. Our planes were intercepted by from three to five enemy fighters, of which one was shot down and two damaged.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed enemy targets on Rota Island on November 9.

A single Navy search plane on November 9 dropped bombs on the airfield and barracks at Nauru Island while Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued to neutralize enemy‑held positions in the Marshall Islands. 

NOVEMBER 13, 1944 

U. S. SUBMARINE DESTROYED TO PREVENT CAPTURE 

The submarine, USS Darter, was destroyed by her own crew in order to prevent capture by the enemy after the vessel had run aground in an area under enemy control. All officers and men were rescued unharmed and are now at an advance Naval base. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 181, NOVEMBER 13, 1944 

Under cover of a storm during the night of November 7‑8, an enemy force of approximately 200 troops, equipped with knee mortars and machine guns, went ashore on Ngeregong island northeast of Peleliu in the Palau Group. This island had previously been occupied by a small patrol of United States Marines. Several LCI's took off our patrol without casualties. Two of our gunboats and a destroyer blocked Denges Passage to the north from which the enemy troops had apparently come, and bombarded the island. On November 9 our planes bombed and strafed the island, sinking a barge.

On November 9 Corsairs and Avengers of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked Ngesang on Babelthuap Island in the Northern Palaus, sinking one barge and setting fire to a fuel tank. Moderate antiaircraft fire was en­countered. Hellcat fighters bombed Koror  and Babelthuap. Corsairs sank a barge at Babelthuap and scored a direct bit on a radio station. Yap Island was bombed by Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on November 10 sank a Japanese destroyer previously damaged near Golou in the Palau Islands. Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on November 10 bombed Koror  Island starting large fires. Several small islands in the Northern Palaus were hit by Catalinas of Fleet Air Wing One and Corsairs and Avengers of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing in night operations, and two fuel dumps were set afire.

Airfields on Peleliu Island and Angaur Island are now being used by United States land‑based aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force and the Second Marine Aircraft Wing.

On November 10 Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed air­strips on Iwo Jima causing large fires in storage areas. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered. Another force of Liberators bombed the Iwo Jima air­fields the next day. Three enemy fighters were seen in the air but did not attack our planes.

Thunderbolts of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked Pagan Island In the Marianas without encountering resistance on November 10 and 11. Cor­sairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing also attacked installations on Rota on November 10 and 11.

On November 10 enemy‑held positions. in the Marshall Islands were further neutralized by Navy search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two and Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 182, NOVEMBER 14, 1944 

Hellcat fighters, Avenger torpedo planes and Helldiver bombers from car­rier task groups of the Pacific Fleet attacked enemy shipping and installations in and around Manila Bay on November 12 (West Longitude Date). The following damage was done to enemy shipping:

One light cruiser badly damaged.
Two destroyers exploded.
An estimated 11 cargo vessels and oilers sunk or blazing.
One floating dock hit by torpedoes.
Many docks in Manila Bay and at Cavite Navy Yard were struck.
In the attack, 18 of 20 intercepting enemy aircraft were shot down over Luzon and 10 others were shot down near the task groups.

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An estimated 130 to 140 single and twin‑engined enemy planes on Legaspi, Manila and Clark Airstrips were strafed.

One of our surface ships was damaged. 

The carrier task groups engaged in this operation were under the tactical command of Rear Admiral Frederick C. Sherman, United States Navy.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed and bombed the Northern Palau Area on November 11. One small enemy vessel was sunk. Hellcats bombed Koror , Malakal and Arakabesan in the Palaus on the same day. Avengers and Corsairs loosed bombs on the Yap Airstrip the same day. Liberators of the Seventh Air Force bombed a power station at Koror on November 11, but results were not observed.

A Navy search Liberator of Fleet Air Wing One dropped bombs on Iwo Jima in the Bonins on November 11. Results were unobserved.

Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One bombed islands in the Bonins on Novem­ber 13. A near miss was scored on a medium cargo vessel, and two near misses on an escort surface craft at Chichi Jima. A few airborne enemy planes which were over Iwo Jima did not attack our planes. 

NOVEMBER 15, 1944 

ADMIRAL INGRAM SUCCESS ADMIRAL INGERSOLL AS COMMANDER IN CHIEF, ATLANTIC FLEET 

Admiral Jonas H. Ingram, USN, former Commander of the Fourth Fleet, assumed his new duties as Commander in Chief, U. S. Atlantic Fleet, today at a brief ceremony on board his flagship at the Washington Navy Yard.

Earlier in the morning Admiral Royal E. Ingersoll, USN, relinquished his command as Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet, and departed to assume his new duties as Commander, Western Sea Frontier, in which he will have the status of a Deputy Commander in Chief, U. S. Fleet, and Deputy Chief of Naval Operations.

Both ceremonies were held on the quarterdeck of the flagship, with the ship's company and staff at attention. The Admirals read their respective orders and the flag of the former Commander in Chief was hauled down and the flag of the new Commander in Chief was hoisted to the mainmast.

Visitors during the ceremonies included Vice Admiral Richard S. Ed­wards, USN, Deputy Chief of Naval Operations; Vice Admiral Patrick N. L. Bellinger, U. S. N., Commander Air Force, Atlantic Fleet; and Rear Ad­miral F. L. Reichmuth, U. S. N., Commandant, Washington Navy Yard. 

NOVEMBER 15, 1944 

DETAILS OF SURFACE BOMBARDMENT OF MARCUS ISLAND 

An advanced base in the Western Pacific, October 9‑(Delayed)‑In a surprise dawn assault against another of Japan's inner island defenses, U. S. Navy surface units today heavily bombarded enemy shore installations on strategic Marcus Island.

It was the first American surface ship bombardment of the island, which lies 989 miles southeast of the Japanese mainland and 727 miles northeast of the U. S.‑held Mariana Group.

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Units of the Third Fleet, cruisers and destroyers commanded by Rear Admiral Allan E. Smith, U. S. N., of Fairfax, Virginia, lobbed heavy caliber shells into the enemy positions intermittently during the 15‑hour attack period. Shore battery fire directed against the American warships was moderate. Most of the island defense batteries were silenced during the engagement.

There was no damage to the American ships.

In a continuous procession, the warships steamed past the island and hammered defense positions with accurate 8‑inch and 5‑inch rifle fire. Several fires were started and hits were scored on the enemy radio station, operations and administration buildings, and other shore installations.

The attack was conducted in three phases and was concluded with a night operation during which the American warships used smoke screens and night emergency pyrotechnics.

Air spotting revealed that the enemy garrison sustained considerable damage in the battering assault by the big Navy guns.

There was unrestricted visibility and an unlimited ceiling, but no Jap aircraft was encountered.

Rear Admiral Smith's flagship during the engagement, a veteran of numerous Pacific bombardments, is commanded by Captain Henry Hartley, USN, of Bladensburg, Maryland. Other cruisers and destroyers supported the assault with sustained gun fire. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 183, NOVEMBER 16, 1944 

A revision based on evidence gathered after the carrier task group at­tacks in the Manila Bay Area on November 12 (West Longitude Date) raises the damage figures (given in communiqué Number 182) on Jap ship losses. It is now known that:

A light cruiser was sunk, it had been reported as badly damaged.
Four destroyers were sunk; two had been reported as exploded.
Eleven cargo vessels and oilers were sunk; this number had been reported as sunk or blazing.

There are no other revisions of any information contained in communiqué Number 182.

On the night of November 10‑11 (West Longitude Date) search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing One bombed airplane storage areas on Iwo Jima in the Bonin Islands. Weak fighter opposition was encountered. On November 12 Navy search Liberators again bombed installations on Iwo Jima and scored near misses on a medium cargo vessel at Chichi Jima. The following day a Navy search Liberator was credited with probable hits on a small cargo ship near Iwo Jima. On November 13 a Mitchell of tile Second Marine Aircraft Wing made possible hits on a medium cargo vessel near Haha Jima.

Search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing One bombed installations on the Yap Airstrip on the night of November 10‑11, meeting meager antiaircraft fire. On November 12 Corsairs and Hellcats of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing with Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing One bombed and destroyed warehouses and vehicles on Japanese bases in the Northern Palau Islands. Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing struck the airstrip on Yap on the same day.

Strafing Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing sank several barges and small craft on November 13 in the Northern Palaus and Yap areas and

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struck the airstrip on Yap, and Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force pounded docks and a radio station on Arakabesan. Hellcats of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing made harassing attacks on Japanese bases in the Palaus on the night of November 13.

On November 13 bombers of the Seventh Army Air Force and Navy search Liberators struck the airstrip and installations on Woleai in the Western Carolines.

Avengers and Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Rota in the Marianas on November 12‑13. Thunderbolts of the Seventh Army Air Force hit Pagan on November 13.

Continuing neutralization raids were made in the Marshalls on Novem­ber 11. Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and a Navy search Ventura of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Jaluit on the same day. Nine fires were seen. Dauntless dive bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing at­tacked installations at Mille on November 11. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 554, NOVEMBER 17, 1944 

Based on reports‑necessarily incomplete due to the necessity of radio silence for certain fleet units and the impossibility of having some officers in attendance at evaluation conferences because of continuing operations of fleet units‑the following information is now available on the second Battle of the Philippines: 

I. 

A series of naval engagements and, in terms of victory, ones which may turn out to be among the decisive battles of modern times, were won by our forces against a three‑pronged attack by the Japanese in an attempt to prevent our landings in the Philippine Islands.

The fact is known. Progress of the three‑day battle which began October 23 was promptly reported to the American public as far as military security permitted. It is now, possible to give a chronological and diagrammatic review of the second Battle of the Philippines, which left the United States Fleet in command of the eastern approaches to the Philippines, providing support for General MacArthur's invading forces and maintaining without interruption the sea‑borne supply lines pouring men and munitions into the combat area.

The Japanese are still wondering what hit them. It is impossible, there­fore, to identify the composition of our naval forces or to describe the damage-other than losses‑suffered by us in the three‑day fight. All damage, however, was remediable and some of the United States ships hurt in the fight are already back on duty.

We lost one light carrier, the USS Princeton, two escort carriers, the USS Saint Lo and USS Gambler Bay, two destroyers, the USS Johnston and USS Hoel, and one destroyer escort, the USS Samuel B. Roberts and a few lesser craft.

Against this, the Japanese definitely lost two battleships, four carriers, six heavy cruisers, two light cruisers, and an undetermined number of de­stroyers. These ships were seen to go down. So severely damaged that they may have sunk before reaching port, and in any event removed from action for from one to perhaps six months, were one Japanese battleship, three heavy cruisers, two light cruisers and seven destroyers. In addition, damaging hits 

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were noted on six battleships, four heavy cruisers, one light cruiser and 10 destroyers.

The victory not only made possible the continuing supply of men and munitions to General Douglas A. MacArthur's successful invasion forces, but by its magnitude can conservatively be said to have greatly reduced future casualties in both men and water‑borne equipment.

Like all battles, this one did not just happen. The engagements, in one of which surface ships slugged it out against each other, and in which the far‑ranging carrier‑borne United States aircraft both intercepted and pur­sued enemy ships with conspicuous success, were preceded by a series of other actions which fall into a definite, strategic pattern when reviewed in order. 

II. 

Preliminaries to the show‑down battle can be said to have opened with the landings on Peleliu and Morotai, southwest of the Philippines, on Septem­ber 16. These landings in themselves were preceded by a two‑weeks' series of feints and thrusts, by Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher's carrier task force of the Third Fleet, which kept the Japanese forces off balance while whittling down their aerial strength by some 900 planes.

These successes indicated the feasibility of advancing the date for the Invasion of the Philippines, and the date of October 20 was set by General MacArthur in consultation with Admiral Nimitz and approved by the high command.

However, a great deal of hard, tough work had to be accomplished first, As much damage as possible had to be inflicted upon the enemy over the widest available area guarding the Philippines. Additionally, by hitting the Japanese hard, and again and again, the enemy was to be confused, and kept confused, as to the ultimate objective of our far‑ranging forces.

On October 9, surface forces bombarded Marcus Island, and on the fol­lowing day a carrier task force struck at Okinawa, in the Nansei Shoto group, about 1,500 miles to the westward. The Japanese defenders were caught off base each time, losing 82 planes at Okinawa and 46 ships, not counting 11 probably destroyed.

On October 11, while the enemy was still trying to figure out what had hit him to the northward, the airplanes of one carrier group swept over the northern part of Luzon, main island of the Philippine Commonwealth, while the other carrier forces were refueling. That strike cost the Japanese 10 to 15 airplanes destroyed on the ground. Enemy opposition was inconsequential.

Three times, in as many days, the United States forces had struck at three different and widely separated strongholds of the enemy. On the fourth day, October 12, a fleet appeared in the enemy's own backyard, off the island of Formosa, from which the aerial attack against the Philippines had been launched by the Japanese nearly three years before. Our objectives were the 26 to 30 first‑class military airfields on Formosa, the airplanes based there, and, of course, any other military establishments on shore and the enemy shipping in the harbors.

Our fleet maneuvered in the vicinity of Formosa for three days, October 12, 13 and 14. Fifty‑five enemy vessels of all kinds were certainly destroyed, and 32 were probably sunk, while approximately 396 airplanes were destroyed in the air or on the ground. On the last day, and on October 16, Formosa was additionally the target of U.S. Army B‑29s, flying from China. 

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The effrontery of the attack on Formosa from the sea provoked the Japanese into immediate counter‑action. Strong units of bomber and torpedo planes swept down from the islands of the Empire, to be met and broken up by fighters from our carriers. Two Japanese planes which forced, their way through found targets in a couple of United States medium‑size ships, which were damaged by torpedoes but which successfully retired to the eastward.

Now comes one of the most fantastic chapters of the war. The Japanese aviators who managed to reach home reported an amazing victory, and Tokyo was quick to claim‑for the fifth or sixth time‑that the Naval strength of the United States had been rendered puny. But, this time the Japanese believed their own propaganda, that at least 15 carriers had been sunk and varying quantities of other warships.

A task force of the Japanese navy was sighted leaving the Empire to give the American fleet its coup de grace, but when the astonished pilots of the enemy scouting force saw the size of the healthy opposition deploying to receive them, the Japanese expedition wheeled and ran back to the safer waters of the Empire. Admiral Halsey ironically observed that his ships sunk by Jap radio announcement had been salvaged, and were "retiring at high speed toward the Japanese fleet."

On October 14, our carrier planes began working over the Philippine Island of Luzon, and the lesser islands of the archipelago to the south and east, in order to come into immediate support of the amphibious forces ap­proaching for the invasion. Only about 85 enemy planes were bagged in the sweeps over approximately 100 airfields up to the time our carriers, both the large and fast ones and the smaller escort ships, converged in support of the landings of the United States amphibious forces on Leyte. The strategy had succeeded, and the landings were effected by General MacArthur's forces in complete surprise. 

III. 

The invasion of the Philippines employed a grand‑scale use of all arms of modern warfare: land and amphibious forces, surface and sub‑surface ships, and, of course, a tremendous air coverage.

A look at the chart will show the confusion of islands upon whose Perim­eter the initial assault was made. They form a maze of channels, of which the two providing the best egress to the Pacific are San Bernardino Strait in the north, between Luzon and Samar Islands, and Surigao Strait in the south, between Leyte and Mindanao.

One of the precautions our forces took against a Japanese incursion from the westward was to post submarines on the opposite side of the archipelago. Early on the morning of October 23, before daylight, two of our submarines flashed the word to the invasion forces that a strong Japanese fleet was headed north‑eastward from the South China Sea into Philippine waters‑and char­acteristically reported, also, that they were moving in to attack. They sent four torpedoes in each of three heavy cruisers, two of which were reported to have been left sinking and the third heavily damaged. The enemy forces scattered, and in the pursuit one of our submarines ran on a reef in the middle of the restricted channel and had to be destroyed, after all of the crew was removed to safety.

      Later that day other contacts with the enemy were reported, in Mindoro Strait, south of Luzon, and oft the mouth of Manila Bay where the reporting 

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submarine badly damaged another heavy cruiser, which managed, however, to limp into the bay.

Thus alerted, the carrier air forces immediately extended their patrol searches westward over the Visayan Sea and the Sulu Sea. On Tuesday, October 24, two large enemy fleets were seen making their way eastward. One, in the Sulu Sea, was obviously headed for the Mindanao Sea and its exit into the Pacific, Surigao Strait. It consisted of two battleships, Fuso and Yamashiro, two heavy cruisers, two light cruisers, and eight or 10 de­stroyers. Our carrier planes attacked and inflicted some damage on the battleships, one of the cruisers and two of the destroyers, but the enemy continued doggedly on the way to the strait, at whose mouth, where it debouched into Leyte Gulf, a surprise reception committee was being assembled.

The larger enemy force of the central prong of attack was initially com­posed of five battleships, the modern Yamato and Musashi, and the Nagato, Kongo and Haruna. In support were seven heavy cruisers, one light cruiser and from 13 to 15 destroyers. This task force was also engaged as it steamed through the Sibuyan Sea by the carrier force of the Third Fleet. One of the

Japanese battleships and two of the cruisers were heavily damaged and most of the other vessels in the group received hits. After engaging in a running battle, the Japanese turned back upon their course as if decided not to attempt to force San Bernardino Strait.

While these carrier strikes were being made against the two enemy fleets, our own ships and landing forces were being subjected to a very heavy air attack by hundreds of land‑based planes darting out from the Philippines' 100 or more air fields. During these attacks the Princeton was hit and set on fire, and so damaged that the carrier had to be destroyed.

Among the attacking Japanese planes was one group of carrier‑based aircraft which flew in from the north, so search groups were dispatched from the Third Fleet to track them down. At 3:40 in the afternoon of that same Tuesday, October 24, two enemy forces were detected coming down from the northern tip of Luzon to join battle. They included two battleships, the Ise and Hyuga, four carriers, including one large ship of the Zuikaku class, a heavy cruiser, three light cruisers and six destroyers. The Third Fleet, upon receipt of this information, turned to meet the oncoming enemy. 

IV. 

The United States forces aiding and protecting the landing on Leyte were now the target for three converging Japanese groups totaling, without estimat­ing submarines, nine battleships, four carriers, 13 heavy cruisers and seven light cruisers, and 30‑odd destroyers. The stage was set.

Shortly after midnight, our PT boats off the southern approaches to Surigao Strait detected and reported the approach of the enemy's southern force, the one that had been battered but not deterred. The PTs reported that two of their torpedoes had probably struck as many ships, but still the enemy came on. Three hours later, United States destroyers on picket duty in the Strait discovered the Japanese coming through in two columns, making about 20 knots. The destroyers attacked, and almost simultaneously the battle­ ships and cruisers stationed at the          mouth of the Strait opened fire. The enemy was caught in narrow waters, and caught in the fire, too, of five battleships, he had accounted as lost in the sneak attack on Pearl Harbor­ 

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the West Virginia, Maryland, Tennessee, California and Pennsylvania all modernized and more powerful than ever.

The Japanese columns slowed indecisively to 12 knots, and then, as shell after shell from the American vessels found their marks, the enemy tried to reverse course and escape. Of the two battleships, two heavy cruisers and two light, and 10 destroyers, all were sunk except one battleship, one or two cruisers, and perhaps half the destroyers. The next day our aviators dis­covered the battleship and a fugitive cruiser, badly crippled, and finished them off.

Our losses in the entire action were one PT boat sunk and one destroyer damaged.

While the southern prong of the Japanese attack was being obliterated by surface action, the northernmost had been located from the air during the night‑and it promptly swung from a south‑easterly course to a northerly one. Hot pursuit resulted in a new contact early in the morning of the 25th. The Japanese carriers had few planes on their decks‑they had sent their aircraft out against our ships the day before, and the planes apparently had to refuel on Luzon before returning to their mother ships. Indeed, the Japanese air­planes came in to rejoin their carriers while the United States bombers and torpedo planes were sending three of the four ships to the bottom and making the deck of the fourth no fit landing place for anything. Twenty‑one of the homing Japanese airplanes were intercepted and destroyed by the fighter‑cover of the United States forces.

Not only did the aerial assault sink three of the four carriers and damage the fourth, but two of the Japanese destroyers were sent down. The enemy force turned and made their way toward Japan, with some of our ships crowding on all steam to catch them‑the remainder of the Third Fleet units turned south at full speed for a reason about to be made clear. Our cruisers and destroyers quickly overtook the surviving but crippled Japanese carrier and sent it down without effort. During the night, one of our submarines intercepted a damaged cruiser, and finished it off with torpedoes.

What had caused Admiral Halsey to divert part of his force southward was the report that a group of our escort carriers operating in support of the landings on Leyte was being threatened by superior enemy forces. The anti­submarine patrol of this group of six escort carriers and seven destroyers and destroyer escorts had detected in Wednesday's dawn an approaching Japanese force of four battleships, seven cruisers and nine destroyers. These were apparently the surviving elements of the enemy task force which had been attacked from the air in the Sibuyan Sea and forced to flee westward. During the night the group had traversed San Bernardino Strait.

The escort carriers, silhouetted against the dawn, came under heavy fire from the Japanese force which, in the western gloom and with the Philippine hills providing further concealment, possessed every advantage of position and firing power. The carriers, converted merchantmen, headed off to the east­ward into the east wind at the top of their limited speed, launching aircraft to attack the enemy. But the enemy's superior speed and gun power swiftly told. The Japanese continued to close in, hauling around to the northward and forcing this carrier group to head southward, under continuous fire from the enemy's 16", 14" and 8" shells. Japanese marksmanship was poor, and American seamanship excellent, however, and although frequently straddled, our ships were not heavily hit during the first part of the engagement. By 9 o'clock, though, despite a sustained air attack on the enemy and the best 

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efforts of the destroyer support with smoke screens and forays against the Japanese, the carriers began to take considerable punishment. One of them was sunk. Two destroyers and a destroyer‑escort which courageously charged the Japanese battleships went down under the enemy's heavy shells. Never­theless, the Japanese paid an exorbitant price for their success, such as it was. Two of their heavy cruisers were sunk, and one‑perhaps two‑of their destroyers went down under the concentrated counter‑attack from surface and air.

Still the enemy pressed his advantage, and by 9:20 the carrier group had been jockeyed into a situation with the Japanese, only 12,000 yards distant, and in position for the kill.

Then, suddenly, the enemy ships hauled away, gradually widening the distance, and to the astonishment of the battered American forces, broke off the battle with a final and harmless spread of torpedoes before steaming over the northern horizon at high speed, trailing oil from pierced hulls as they fled.

What had happened can be reconstructed from the events already re­viewed. The Japanese admiral, with a costly local victory in sight, received word of the destruction of the southern force in Surigao Strait and the utter rout of the northern force with the destruction of its carriers. He had to get back through San Bernardino Strait, or face annihilation.

Further, though the Jap may not have known it, we had a battleship and cruiser force‑a part of the 7th Fleet‑in Leyte Gulf for the purpose of pro­tecting the transports and landing craft from any enemy force attempting to destroy them. This was the force which so completely defeated the Japanese Southern Force before daylight in the southern part of Leyte Gulf, almost annihilating it‑and which was still available‑almost unscathed‑to prevent the entrance of the Central Force.

The vanguard of the returning Third Fleet units caught one straggling enemy destroyer before it reached the Strait and sank it. Early the next day air groups from our carriers ranged over the Sibuyan Sea and continued attacks on the fugitives, probably sinking one heavy cruiser and a light cruiser.

Back at the scene of the attack on the carriers, the Japanese continued to harass the American ships with land‑based planes, resulting in the sinking of a second of the CVE's, but the Second Battle of the Philippines was over and decisively won. The enemy fleet had sustained losses and damage which materially weakened their over‑all Naval and air strength against the final drive of the United States forces against the Empire.

We must not, however, allow ourselves to feel that this victory effectively prevented any reinforcement of the Jap forces on Leyte and Samar, because he can still, by the very nature of the geography of the islands which afford protection and hiding places for short, fast transportation runs, continued his reinforcements at an increasingly diminishing rate. He cannot, however, prevent our own reinforcement and supply of General MacArthur and his gallant troops. Our Naval and air forces will continue to insure the control of these sea approaches to the Philippines and the effective support and supply of our troops.

The Third Fleet was under command of Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr., USN, during the operations, and the Seventh Fleet was under command of Vice Admiral Thomas C. Kinkaid, USN 

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FEBRUARY 3, 1945 

DESIGNATION OF THE "BATTLE FOR LEYTE GULF" 

The Naval combat operations off the Philippine Islands during the period October 24‑26, 1944, have been officially designated the Battle for Leyte Gulf. The new name, superceding the popularly used designation "Second Battle of the Philippine Sea," was suggested by Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, USN, Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet, and was approved by Secre­tary of the Navy James Forrestal after receiving a recommendation to that effect from fleet Admiral Ernest J. King, USN, Commander in Chief, United States Fleet and Chief of Naval Operations.

The Battle for Leyte Gulf is subdivided into three separate operations, designated as follows: Battle of Surigao Strait; Battle off Samar; and Battle off Cape Engano.

The new names were approved on February 1, 1945. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 184, NOVEMBER 19, 1944 

Before dawn on November 10 (West Longitude Date) ships of the Pacific Fleet bombarded installations on Iwo Jima in the Bonins. Several explosions were observed after the first salvos. Large fires ashore were started, which could be seen by ships 35 miles away. The enemy apparently was surprised, and his shore batteries replied ineffectively to our fire, causing no damage or casualties to our forces. Only one enemy plane was in the air.

On November 14 units of the 81st Army Division reoccupied Ngeregong Island in the Palaus without resistance. The island had been occupied by an enemy force of approximately 200 men on the night of November 7‑8 (reported in communiqué Number 181) which meanwhile had been heavily attacked with bombs and gunfire. Corsairs and Hellcats of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing with Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing One bombed enemy‑held islands in the Northern Palaus on November 14, destroyed vehicles and barges and starting fires in ammunition dumps. Fighters of the Second Marine Air­craft Wing pounded the airfield on Yap the same day.

Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing One attacked Haha Jima and Iwo Jima in the Bonins on November 14. On the next day Navy search Liberators hit Chichi Jima and Haha Jima. One coastal cargo ship was hit at Chichi Jima. Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on November 16 sank one medium cargo ship at Haha Jima in the Bonins and caused explosions and fires in two other cargo ships. Other Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force the same day struck at shipping in Chichi Jima, and Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing One bombed Okimura Town on Haha Jima. Results were not observed.

From November 14 to 16 Marine units on Saipan killed 248 and captured 47 Japanese in a drive to clear the island of remnants of the enemy garrison. A number of machine guns were captured. Our losses were nine killed and 40 wounded.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing blasted airfields at Yap on November 16. Fires were started in fuel storage spaces and storage buildings In the Northern Palaus.

Avengers and Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing hit Rota on November 17.

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Eleventh Army Air Force Liberators on November 16 bombed Suribachi in the Northern Kuriles. Meager antiaircraft fire was met.

Fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force made strafing attacks on Pagan in the Marianas on November 15.

The Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralizing attacks in the Marshalls on November 16. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 555, NOVEMBER 20, 1944

Pacific Theater. 

1. The following vessels of the Southwest Pacific Force have been lost as the result of enemy action or the perils of the sea in the Philippine Area, but not in the battles of October 24‑25:

The Destroyer USS Abner Read
The Destroyer Escort USS Eversole
YMS70
PT's 320 and 821
Fleet Tug Sonoma
LCI‑1085

2. The following vessels of the Southwest Pacific Force have been lost in the New Guinea Area as the result of enemy action or the perils of the sea :

The Destroyer Escort USS Shelton
PT's‑368 and 371

3. The nest of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 185, NOVEMBER 20, 1944 

Aircraft from a carrier task force under the tactical command of Vice Admiral J. S. McCain struck at shipping and airfields in and around Manila on November 18 (West Longitude Date). Incomplete reports show that two large cargo ships and one large oiler were burned in Manila Harbor and about 100 enemy planes were destroyed on the ground. Light fighter opposition was met over the targets and 10 Japanese aircraft were shot down. Our fighters destroyed eight additional attacking planes near our carriers.

Fighter planes of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing hit a fuel dump and other storage areas on Babelthuap in the Palaus and sank two enemy barges in waters around this island on November 17. On the same day Catalinas of Fleet Air Wing One bombed the town on Koror in the Palaus. Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing pounded the runways on Yap Airfield.

On November 18 strafing and bombing attacks were made by planes of Fleet Air Wing One on barges near Kits. Iwo Jima in the Bonins. Unaggressive attacks were made on our planes by five enemy fighters.

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force on November 18 bombed targets in Suribachi in the Northern Kuriles. Intense antiaircraft fire was encountered.

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Second Marine Aircraft Wing fighters attacked the phosphate plant on Rota in the Marianas on November 18.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing encountered intense antiair­craft fire in bombing attacks on the power plant and other installations on Nauru on November 18. An explosion was observed near the power station. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 186, NOVEMBER 21, 1944 

Army and Marine Infantry units in the Marianas and Palaus continued to clear captured islands of remnants of Japanese garrisons. Total enemy casualties given below are through November 13 (West Longitude Date):

Saipan, killed, 26,277; captured, 2,068
Guam, killed, 17,238; captured, 463
Tinian, killed, 6,893; captured, 316
Angaur and Peleliu, killed, 12,980; captured, 420

On November 18, aircraft of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing made a strafing attack on installations on Haha Jima and shipping at Chichi Jima.

Additional reports on aircraft strikes by carrier‑based planes over Manila on November 18 now show that a total of 26 Japanese planes were shot out of the air. Four of these were destroyed by ships' antiaircraft fire. (A total of 18 planes had been reported shot down in communiqué No. 185. )

Japanese bases in the Palaus were hit by planes of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing One on November 18. Several large fires were started. On the same day fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing carried out bombing attacks on the airfield at Yap.

Air attacks were made on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on November 19 and 20 as the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and search planes of Meet. Air Wing Two continued neutralizing raids on those islands. The enemy sent up meager antiaircraft fire. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 187, NOVEMBER 22, 1944 

Further reports of the air strikes in and around Manila on November 18 (West Longitude Date) reveal the following total damage to shipping and Installations by planes of the Third Fleet:

One medium cargo ship and one small coastal cargo ship set afire in Subic Bay.
Two medium cargo ships burning and one small coastal cargo ship sunk near San Fernando.
One cargo ship burned and another burning in Manila Bay.
An oiler in flames and one medium cargo ship and two other oilers hit in Manila Bay.
Five luggers burning off Batangas and another sunk at Laoag.
Locomotive destroyed at Lucena.
Our planes strafed a heavy cruiser which appeared to be beached or in shallow water near Santa Cruz.
Ten fires were started in fuel dumps at San Fernando, Del Carmen Field and Clark Field while buildings and other installations were destroyed at West Lipa, Nichols, Malvar and Del Carmen Fields.

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Liberators and Lightnings of the Seventh Army Air Force on November 21 strafed and bombed airfields on Truk. Five enemy fighters were seen of which four were destroyed.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on November 19 hit Babelthuap in the Palaus, setting fuel dumps afire, and pounded the airfield on Yap.

Defenses on Rota in the Marianas were pounded by fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on November 19. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 188, NOVEMBER 23, 1944 

Matsuwa in Kuriles was bombarded by a Naval task force on November 21 (West Longitude Date). Large fires and explosions were observed. Enemy guns did not reply. None of our ships was damaged.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed an ammunition dump and set fire to trucks and a barge at Babelthuap in the Northern Palau Islands on November 20. One of our planes was lost, but the pilot was rescued.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed the airstrip on Yap on November 20.

Aircraft of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed and strafed shipping and harbor installations at Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonin Islands on November 20. One enemy plane was seen over Chichi Jima. Antiaircraft fire was moderate.

Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed the barracks area and power plant on Wake Island on November 22. A large explosion was observed north of the power plant. Antiaircraft fire was meager and In­accurate.

Search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralization raids in the Marshall Islands on November 21 and 22. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 556, NOVEMBER 25, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 27 vessels, including two combatant vessels, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

1 destroyer
1 converted gunboat
1 large transport
1 large tanker
1 large cargo transport
2 medium tankers
2 medium cargo transports
11 medium cargo vessels
1 small tanker
6 small cargo vessels

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué.

3. A Netherlands submarine, while operating under U. S. control, has sunk 4,500 tons of enemy shipping in Netherlands East Indian waters. This submarine was built in England. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 189, NOVEMBER 25, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force planes bombed shipping and dock installations at Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonins on November 22 (West Longi­tude Date). Hits were scored on docking facilities on Haha Jima. On November 24, Chichi Jima was again struck by Seventh Air Force planes.

On November 22, Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed a number of barges and struck at installations in the Northern Palaus. The airfield at Yap was hit on the same date by Marine Corsairs.

Three barges were sunk and fires were started in enemy‑held bases in the Northern Palaus which were attacked by Second Marine Aircraft Wing fighters on November 24. On the same date Seventh Army Air Force planes bombed Arakabesan, leaving large fires.

Installations on Marcus Island were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on November 24.

Second Marine Aircraft Wing Corsairs encountered moderate antiaircraft fire in attacks on Yap airfield on November 21. On the same date, Marine night fighters hit enemy‑held bases in the Northern Palaus and Seventh Army Air Force bombers pounded Arakabesan and Yap.

Thunderbolts of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked the airfield on Pagan in the Marianas on November 21. A Japanese reconnaissance plane was shot down by an Army fighter over Saipan on November 24.

Ponape in the Carolines was bombed on November 21 and 23 by fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. Targets were hit in the area of the airfield, the seaplane ramp and fuel dumps.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on November 21 and 23, carried out neutralization raids in the Marshalls. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 190, NOVEMBER 26, 1944 

Carrier based planes of the Third Fleet on November 24 (West Longitude Date) attacked shipping and airfields in and around Luzon in the Philippines. Incomplete preliminary reports indicate the following damage done to enemy forces: 

Sunk:

One heavy cruiser of the Kumano class, previously reported damaged, near Santa Cruz. (communiqué No. 187.)
One destroyer.
Four ships tentatively identified as small fast transports, at Marinduque.
Nine cargo ships.
One small oiler.
Two luggers.

Damaged:

Four cargo ships.
One oiler.

Our planes shot 29 enemy aircraft out of the air and ships' antiaircraft fire accounted for eight more and an additional 35 were destroyed on the ground. 

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Near Nichols Field seven tank cars were strafed and burned.

A strafing attack was made on a convoy of 150 trucks south of Manila.

Radio installations on Chichi Jima were bombed by Navy search planes on November 24. Despite moderate antiaircraft fire a hit was scored and a large fire started. Other targets on Haha Jima and Muko Jima in the Bonins were also bombed by Navy search planes on the same date.

Mitchells of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked harbors and shipping in the Bonins on the night of November 24. Hits were scored on a ship at Chichi Jima.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed installations on Rota in the Marianas on November 24.

Neutralizing raids on Japanese‑held atolls in the Marshalls were con­tinued on November 24 by Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 191, NOVEMBER 27, 1944 

Revised estimates of damage done by carrier‑based aircraft of the Third Fleet in strikes on enemy shipping around Luzon in the Philippines on Novem­ber 24 (West Longitude Date) are as follows:

(This is primarily a revision as to types rather than an appreciable increase in number of ships sunk. The number of ships damaged is in­creased.)

Sunk:

One heavy cruiser at Santa Cruz, on the West coast of Luzon. (communiqué No. 190.)
One destroyer at Santa Cruz.
Two old destroyers at Marinduque Island.
Three medium landing ships, 10 miles west of Santa Cruz.
One destroyer escort 10 miles west of Santa Cruz.
One cargo ship north of San Fernando.
One small cargo ship off Subic Bay.
Four oilers near Lubang Islands.
Four small coastal cargo ships at Banton Island.
Two luggers west of Bataan.

Damaged:

Two cargo ships, hit in previous raids, near San Fernando, torpedoed, beached and wrecked.
One cargo ship, previously damaged, bombed and set ablaze, 30 miles south of San Fernando.
Three landing craft beached near Santa Cruz.
Two medium cargo ships bombed and believed sunk off Hermana Mayor Island.
One small oiler bombed and wrecked on beach near Del Monte north­west Mindoro.
Two destroyers or small transports, bombed at Marinduque.
One oiler, three large cargo ships, two medium cargo ships, one small coastal cargo ship and one small cargo ship, hit in Manila Harbor.
Three luggers hit near the South shore entrance to Manila Bay. Six luggers hit on West coast of Bataan.

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A total of 58 enemy planes were shot down by our fighters and ships' antiaircraft fire and 29 more were destroyed on the ground with probable damage to an additional 32 on the ground.

Six enemy fighters were shot down by our fighter planes over Saipan and Pagan in the Marianas on November 26 and seven more were destroyed by antiaircraft fire.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on November 24, bombed shore installations at Chichi Jima in the Bonins and Iwo Jima in the Vol­canos. An enemy radio station was hit at Chichi Jima and bombs were dropped on installations at an airfield on Iwo Jima.

Mitchell bombers of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing struck harbor installations and shipping at Chichi Jima on November 25.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on November 24, strafed and set afire an ammunition dump, power installations and a lumber mill and struck other targets on Babelthuap in the Palaus. Enemy‑held bases through­out the Northern Palaus were attacked by Marine Hellcat fighters. On the same date Marine Avengers and Corsairs bombed the airstrips on Yap.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing scored a direct hit on radio installations on Rota in the Marianas on November 25.

On November 25, planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued attacks neutralizing enemy‑held islands in the Marshalls. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 192, NOVEMBER 29, 1944 

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force, escorted by Lightning fighters, dropped 112 tons of bombs on two air strips on Iwo Jima in the Volcano islands on November 26 (West Longitude Date). Our fighters shot down two of five to seven intercepting enemy planes. On November 27, Liberators dropped another 53 tons on one of the air strips at Iwo Jima, causing fires and explosions. One enemy fighter was seen. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered, causing damage to one Liberator. On the night of November 27, a single Army Liberator attacked objectives on Iwo Jima.

Mitchells of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked shore installations at Haha Jima in the Bonin Islands on November 26.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing and Seventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed enemy held bases in the Palau Group on November 25. Buildings were set afire on Babelthuap and fires were started on Araka­besan. Marine Corsairs bombed the airstrip on Yap on the same date. Hell­cats of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked Palau Island on the night of November 25.

Thunderbolts of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed and strafed the airfield on Pagan Island in the Marianas on November 25 and 26. Two enemy planes were shot down over Pagan on November 26. On November 27, Marine Corsairs again struck the airstrip.

The Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed the airstrip and radio station on Rota on November 26.

The Seventh Army Air Force hit installations on Marcus Island on November 27. One Liberator was damaged by antiaircraft fire.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed fuel storage tanks and a power plant on Nauru on Novem‑

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ber 27. A large fire was started and an explosion was observed. Intense antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Fleet Air Wing Two also hit enemy held bases in the Marshalls on Novem­ber 25, and the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralization raids in the Marshalls on November 26 and 27. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 193, NOVEMBER 30, 1944 

Between October 20 and November 26 (West Longitude Date) 81st Army Division Units killed 1,300 Japanese and captured 142 prisoners on the Island of Peleliu in the Palaus. Main points of resistance offered by these remnants of the enemy garrison were the caves on the island. Our forces lost 92 killed, 622 wounded and 5 missing.

Bombers and fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked enemy-held bases in the Palaus on November 27, setting fire to buildings on Babelthuap and sinking one barge.

Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed installations on Wake Island on November 28. One plane was damaged by antiaircraft fire but returned safely.

Installations on Haha Jima in the Bonins were hit by a Mitchell of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on November 28.

Before dawn on November 28, a small force of Japanese bombers attacked Saipan and Tinian in the Marianas. A few bombs were dropped, causing no damage. One enemy plane was destroyed and another probably destroyed.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed installations on Rota in the Marianas on November 28. On the same date, Seventh Army Air Force and Marine fighters bombed and strafed the airstrip on Pagan. One Japanese plane was destroyed on the ground.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing Two made bombing and strafing attacks on Ponape in the Carolines on November 28, encountering moderate antiaircraft fire.

Neutralizing attacks were continued on November 28 on Japanese‑held bases in the Marshalls by planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing Two. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 194, DECEMBER 1, 1944 

Fires were started on two airstrips on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos by bombs dropped from a force of Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on Novem­ber 28 (West Longitude Date).

On the following day, the same targets were again bombed by Seventh Air Force aircraft. Our bombers were intercepted by three to four Japanese aircraft of which one was destroyed and another probably destroyed. Five of our airplanes suffered minor damage but all returned safely.

On the same date, Mitchells of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing and Army bombers struck at other targets in the Bonins and Volcanos.

Army bombers and Second Marine Aircraft Wing fighters attacked Japa­nese bases in the Palaus on November 28. Hits were scored on a radio station on Arakabesan.

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A supply dump was set afire by fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing in an attack on Babelthuap in the Palaus on November 29. A torpedo dump on the airstrip on Yap was also hit.

Gun positions on Rota 3n the Marianas were bombed on November 29, by fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 195, DECEMBER 2, 1944 

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed installations on Paramushiru in the Northern Kuriles on November 29, (West Longitude Date). There was no enemy resistance.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force dropped 571/2 tons of bombs on the airstrip and other installations at Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on November 30. Five enemy fighters offered slight resistance. Some of our planes were damaged by antiaircraft fire.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed the airstrip and set fire to ammunition dumps on Babelthuap in the Palau Group on Novem­ber 30.

The Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed the airstrip on Pagan and the barracks area on Rota in the Marianas on November 30.

A Catalina of Fleet Air Wing Two scored bomb hits on defense Installa­tions on Wake Island on November 29, meeting meager antiaircraft fire.

Neutralizing raids on enemy bases in the Marshalls were continued by aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two and the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on November 29 and 30. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 557, DECEMBER 4, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 20 vessels, including two combatant vessels‑a light cruiser and a destroyer‑as a result of opera­tions against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

1 light cruiser
1 destroyer
10 medium cargo vessels
1 medium tanker
4 medium cargo transports
3 small cargo vessels

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 196, DECEMBER 4, 1944 

Seventh Army Air Force bombers struck at airstrips on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on December 1 (West Longitude Date).

On the following day Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing One joined with Seventh Air Force bombers to attack installations on Haha Jima and Iwo Jima. On the same date a force of Army Liberators bombed the airstrip on Iwo Jima. Light fighter opposition was encountered but we suffered no losses. 

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Attacking through intense antiaircraft fire, fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing hit and destroyed an ammunition dump on Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 1. One Corsair plane was destroyed but the pilot was rescued.

On December 2, bivouac and storage areas were bombed by Marine aircraft in the Palaus and buildings were destroyed on Babelthuap. The airstrip on Yap was bombed by Marine fighters on the same day.

Second Marine Aircraft Wing fighters bombed installations on Rota in the Marianas and hit the airstrip on Pagan on December 2.

Strafing and bombing attacks were made by Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two on Wake Island on December 1. The enemy sent up moderate antiair­craft fire. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 558, DECEMBER 5, 1944

Pacific Area. 

1. The following vessels of the Central Pacific Force have been lost as the result of enemy action:

YMS‑19
YMS‑385
LCI‑ (G) ‑459

2. In addition to the above losses, the USS Mount Hood, ammunition ship, accidentally blew up and was lost at an advanced base in the Central Pacific.

3. The PT‑368 was lost as the result of enemy action in the Philippine area.

4. The next of kin of all casualties have been informed. 

DECEMBER 6, 1944 

DISCUSSION OF JAPANESE AVIATION 

In the battle for the Philippines, U. S. carrier planes and carriers engaged major forces of land‑based planes for the first time in history. We have suffered some damage and encountered the stiffest air opposition we have run into in some time. The Japanese network of airfields throughout the islands enabled them to throw larger numbers of planes into the air over a given spot at one time than was possible in the limited areas we have over­come during our attacks on the island fringes of the Empire.

This action set a precedent for actions still to come as we approach closer to the heart of the Japanese Empire. We can expect still more opposition as we go along. The nearer we get, the more the Jap can constrict his air defense, as well as his ground and sea defenses. Our choices of strategy will be reduced. He will not have to guess so much as to what we will do next. As Knute Rockne once said: "It is harder to score a touch‑down from the 5 yard line than from the 40 yard line, because the defense is packed more tightly."

Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, USN, recently pointed out that we have dealt Japanese naval aviation a body blow. Fighting Jap carriers and their Navy planes was one thing. Taking on the enemy land air force is another. Although we will continue to encounter strong Naval air opposition,

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we will run into the Jap army planes in increasing numbers from now on. Consequently, as we approach closer to the heart of the Japanese Empire, the job of Naval Aviation will become more difficult for these reasons.:

1. We will meet Jap planes, particularly army planes, in larger numbers than heretofore. The network of airfields they have constructed during recent years will greatly assist their flexibility of action and permit large combat forces to be assembled very quickly. This certainly was true in the Philippines. This greatly complicates our problem and means that a long bitter battle must ensue before the effectiveness and striking power of the Jap air force can be neutralized.

2. The Japs have been bending every effort to increase aircraft produc­tion. Although very recently we have been destroying their planes faster than they can build them, this has not been true since the beginning of the war. Like ours, the Jap air force is now larger than it ever has been. Their production is increasing.

3. Japanese airplanes are getting better. Whereas a year ago we had a big technical advantage, now it is very slender. The Japs now have vastly improved types, particularly in their army air force, as compared with the planes we have been meeting in the approaches to the Empire. We have met very few of these new ones in combat. There is good reason to believe that they are holding a large stock of these new army planes in reserve on the Jap mainland. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 197, DECEMBER 6, 1944 

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed a building on Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 4 (West Longitude Date).

Gun positions on Rota in the Marianas were bombed by Marine fighters on December 3. On the following day, Marine fighters and bombers struck at defense installations and at the airstrip on Rota.

Supply areas on Pagan in the Marianas were attacked by Seventh Army Air Force fighters and the airstrip was bombed by Marine fighters on Decem­ber 4.

An enemy bomber was shot down by fighters over Saipan on December 4. No bombs were dropped.

On December 3, a single Army Liberator bombed one of the airstrips on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos.

Seventh Army Air Force bombers attacked installations on Marcus Island airstrip on the same date.

Bombers and fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed defenses on Ponape Island in the Carolines on December 3. One of our fighters was lost but the pilot was rescued.

Neutralization of enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls was continued by aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two and the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on December 3 and 4. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 198, DECEMBER 7, 1944 

About ten enemy twin‑engine Betty bombers attacked installations on Saipan in the Marianas in the early morning of December 6 (West Longitude Date). A few bombs were dropped on the island and strafing attacks were made. One Army Superfortress bomber was destroyed and two others were

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damaged. Casualties to personnel were one killed, one seriously wounded, and a number of others slightly wounded. Island and ship antiaircraft guns shot down six of the attacking Japanese aircraft.

Enemy‑held islands in the Marshalls were bombed by airplanes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on December 5 as neutralization of those bases was continued. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 199, DECEMBER 8, 1944 

A heavy force of Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force and Fleet Air Wing One, escorted by Lightning‑fighters of the Seventh Air Force, struck at Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on December 7 (West Longitude Date).

Surface units of the Pacific Fleet bombarded shore installations on the island in a coordinated attack on the same date.

These operations were carried out in cooperation with a heavy attack by the Twenty‑First Bomber Command. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 200, DECEMBER 8, 1944 

The air attack on Iwo Jima, reported by communiqué No. 199, was con­ducted by a large force of aircraft, including a sizeable force of B‑29s, 108 Liberators, and 30 Lightnings. The B‑29s encountered no antiaircraft or fighter opposition and none were lost. The Lightnings encountered six Zeros, destroyed five and damaged one.

All the aircraft concerned were under the command of Lieutenant General Millard F. Harmon, who has recently been assigned to command the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas. His force will include the shore‑based aircraft of the Pacific Ocean Areas normally employed in the offensive operations. He is also Deputy Commander of the Twentieth Air Force.

The Naval surface units which bombarded Iwo Jima on December 7, were under the command of Rear Admiral Allan E. Smith, U. S. Navy.

Bombers of the Eleventh Army Air Force scored hits on installations at Suribachi in Paramushiru in the Kuriles on December 6 (West Longitude Date).

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 5 and 6.

Marine aircraft on the same dates bombed the airstrip on Pagan in the Marianas. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 663, DECEMBER 8, 1944 

Behind the brilliant story of the victory of Vice‑Admiral Marc A. Mitscher's carrier task force over the Japanese fleet in the Second Battle of the Philippine Sea lies another story no less dramatic in its implications-that of the workmanlike job performed by oilers of the Service Force of the Pacific, under the command of Vice‑Admiral William L. Calhoun, in feeding the fighting ships and planes their lifeblood: gasoline and fuel oil.

Today Admiral William F. Halsey, Commander, Third Fleet, announced that during September and October these oilers had supplied the carrier task force considerably more than one hundred million gallons of fuel. This fuel was for the carriers and the planes in Mitscher's forces. It was enough gasoline, based on present rations, to keep all the "A" card auto owners of 

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a major United States city supplied with gasoline for an entire year; and the fuel oil supplied Admiral Mitscher's fleet would keep the oil burning furnaces in 76,000 average American homes under normal conditions, going the year 'round.

Nor was this merely a story of a routine fueling job, performed in a quiet harbor under ideal conditions. After the oiler has made its long trip to an advance base, through waters where the danger of air and submarine attack is always present, its most dangerous job may still lie ahead. Once the battle is joined, much of the fueling of the fighting ships must of neces­sity be done at sea, and fueling at sea is one of the most difficult and danger­ous jobs. In rough weather, it requires the utmost skill in seamanship to accomplish the job at all. Fuel and mooring lines may snap; men may be killed or maimed for life; the two ships may even collide with damage to both.

So difficult, so intricate and important is this task that Admiral Halsey has already commended the oilers for their "magnificent job" in supplying the fleet with gasoline and oil prior to and during the Second Battle of the Philippine Sea.

Not many an oiler will ever be able to paint a Jap flag, for planes downed or ships sunk, upon her bridge‑but every man in the task force is aware of, the importance of the contribution of these service ships. 

JOINT STATEMENT, DECEMBER 9, 1944 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti­submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

"Shipping losses from U‑boat action have again been very small and the number of U‑boats sunk in proportion has again been satisfactory.

"The enemy has by no means abandoned the struggle and has introduced new devices, such as the extensible air intake and exhaust which enable U‑boats to remain submerged for long periods and so penetrate into areas denied to them for the past three years.

"Reports that U‑boat construction has been abandoned are probably German‑inspired and are untrue. On the contrary, improved types of U‑boats may at any time be thrown into the battle and retention of our present command of the sea will undoubtedly call for unremitting vigilance and hard fighting." 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 201, DECEMBER 9, 1944 

Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing One, on December 7 (West Longi­tude Date), bombed airstrip installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos, from low altitudes encountering intense antiaircraft fire. One of our planes was damaged but returned safely.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft bombed the airstrip on Pagan and strafed and bombed installations on Rota in the Marianas on December 7.

On December 6, Marine fighters strafed and bombed installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus.

Aircraft of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing Two strafed and bombed enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on December 7. 

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 202, DECEMBER 11, 1944 

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed airstrip installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on December 8 and 9, (West Longitude Date).

A Navy search plane of Fleet Air Wing One attacked targets on Haha Jima in the Bonins on December 8.

Corsairs and Avengers of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 8. On the following day Marine fighters again attacked targets on Babelthuap.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Pagan airstrip in the Marianas on December 8 and 9.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing Two continued neutralization raids on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on December 9 and 10. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 203, DECEMBER 12, 1944 

One bomber of the strategic air force attacked the airstrip on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on December 9 (West Longitude Date).

On the following day a flight of Army Liberators from the same force made bombing attacks on the same target. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered and two unaggressive enemy fighters were observed in the air. Eight of our planes were damaged by antiaircraft fire but all returned safely.

On December 10, Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing One bombed harbor installations in Chichi Jima in the Bonins.

Marine fighters bombed and strafed air installations and other targets on Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 10.

Targets on the airstrip on Pagan in the Marianas were bombed by a Navy search plane of Fleet Air Wing One and fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on December 10. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 204, DECEMBER 14, 1944 

Carrierbased aircraft of the Pacific fleet on December 13 (West Longi­tude Date) struck at harbor and airfield installations in and around Luzon in the Philippines. Preliminary and incomplete reports show that 14 Japanese airplanes were shot down and 77 were destroyed on the ground.

Bombers of the strategic air force, Pacific Ocean Areas, attacked airstrip facilities on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on December 10 and 11. On December 12 Liberators and Lightnings of the strategic air force again attacked Iwo Jima, encountering intense antiaircraft fire. Three to four unaggressive enemy fighters were airborne but all our planes returned safely.

Mitchells of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on December 10 struck at shipping around Haha Jima in the Bonins.

Bombers of the strategic air force attacked the airfield on Marcus Island on December 11.

Enemy installations on Pagan and Rota in the Marianas were bombed by fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on December 12.

Marine fighters strafed supply areas and barges on Babelthuap in the Palaus and bombed an airfield on Yap on December 11.

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Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two encountered moderate anti­aircraft fire in a bombing attack on Wake Island on December 12.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing Two bombed power installations and fuel dumps on Nauru on December 12.

Fighters and Dive Bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing con­tinued neutralization of enemy bases in the Marshalls on December 11 and 12. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 685, DECEMBER 14, 1944 

ADMIRAL NIMITZ TO ESTABLISH AN ADVANCED HEADQUARTERS 

The capture of the Gilberts, Marshalls, Marianas, Ulithi and Palau has permitted moving the center of gravity of the operations of the ground, sea and air forces of the Pacific Ocean Areas far to the westward.

To improve the effectiveness of the control of these forces as their opera­tions converge on Japan, the Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, will soon establish an advanced headquarters in the forward area.

Main headquarters will remain at Pearl Harbor. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 205, DECEMBER 15, 1944 

Aircraft from carriers of the United States Pacific Fleet destroyed 133 Japanese airplanes on and over Luzon in strikes against air installations on that island on December V and 14 (West Longitude Date). These planes are in addition to those reported in communiqué 204. In addition 90 more enemy aircraft were strafed and bombed on the ground.

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed in­stallations on the airstrips of Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on December 12. This attack is in addition to the attack reported in communiqué 204.

On the following day Strategic Air Force bombers struck at the same targets. A single enemy fighter attacked our aircraft and was shot down. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 206, DECEMBER 16, 1944 

Carrier‑based aircraft of the Pacific Fleet on December 13 (West Longi­tude Date) struck at enemy shipping and installations in and around Luzon in the Philippines.

The following damage was caused:

One medium oiler sunk at Lingayen.
One medium cargo ship exploded and burning off Cape Bolinao.
One small cargo ship destroyed west of Iba.
Three small cargo ships burned at Olongapo.
Two small cargo ships burning off Calatagan.
Three small cargo ships burning at San Miguel Bay.
One large transport beached and burning at Subic Bay.
One medium oiler, beached near Iba, set ablaze.
One destroyer or one destroyer escort damaged off Vigan.
One destroyer and one destroyer escort damaged near Subic Bay.
One destroyer in Manila. Harbor damaged.

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A large cargo ship, a small cargo ship, a destroyer and another escort vessel were attacked in convoy.

Other damage to installations on Luzon included:

Four locomotives and six cars destroyed at San Fernando.
Buildings, fuel and ammunition dumps destroyed at Angeles and Clark Fields.
Fifteen railroad cars, truck convoy and a sugar mill damaged in and near San Fernando.

In an attack on Luzon on December 15 carrier‑based aircraft of the Pa­cific Fleet destroyed 11 Japanese airplanes and damaged 48 more. The total of enemy aircraft destroyed during December 13, 14, and 15 in the Luzon area is 235 and the total damaged 138. Meager air resistance was offered by the enemy. An attack was attempted on our surface units on December 15 but all eight planes in the enemy force were intercepted and shot down. Re­peated night attacks were launched from our carriers on December 13, 14 and 15.

On December 14 Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed airstrip installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos. Enemy antiaircraft fire caused slight damage to some of our planes but all returned safely. One of four attacking Japanese fighters was shot down.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed supply facilities on Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 14.

Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two and the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing made neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on the same date. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 207, DECEMBER 18, 1944 

Carrier‑based aircraft of the Pacific Fleet continued attacks on enemy shipping, installations and rolling stock in and around Luzon in the Phil­ippines on December 15 (West Longitude Date). Complete reports for De­cember 13 and 14 and a preliminary report for December 15 reveal the following damage inflicted by the three days of operations: 

Ships sunk:

One large transport
Three medium oilers
Ten cargo ships
Two landing vessels
Twelve small vessels

Ships damaged:

Four destroyers
Two destroyer escorts
Ten cargo vessels
Twenty‑five small cargo vessels
Twenty‑five landing barges

Rolling stock damaged:

Eight railroad trains and locomotives strafed and burned.
At least twenty‑five military vehicles destroyed and an undetermined number of other vehicles damaged in a severe attack on a two‑hundred truck troop convoy near San Jose northeast of Manila.

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Military installations damaged:

Numerous military buildings, bridges, piers, warehouses, barracks, gas and oil storages, antiaircraft and aviation facilities.

Complete reports for December 13 and 14 and a preliminary report for December 15 disclose that sixty‑one enemy planes were shot down over Luzon. An additional two hundred eight enemy planes were destroyed on the ground and one hundred ninety‑two were damaged. Fires were started in dispersal areas. Incomplete figures for December 13 and 14 reveal that we lost twenty planes due to enemy action.

On December 15 Liberators of the Strategic Air Force attacked air targets on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos. On the following day a force of Liberators returned to drop one hundred twelve tons of bombs on airstrip installations. They were intercepted by three enemy fighters. One of our planes was dam­aged by antiaircraft fire. Other Liberators bombed the airstrip again during the day.

Mitchells of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked a small enemy transport between the Bonins and Volcanos with rockets on December 1.6. Two explosions were seen.

Avengers bombed the airstrip on Yap on December 16. Liberators of the Strategic Air Force struck Woleai in the western Carolines on the same day.

The Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed shipping and other targets at Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 15 and 16. An enemy launch was sunk.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing One bombed airstrip installations on Pagan in the Marianas on December 15. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing Two continued neutralization raids on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on De­cember 15 and 16.

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 559, DECEMBER 18, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 33 vessels, including 12 combatant vessels‑a light cruiser, 3 destroyers, 6 escort vessels, a mine­sweeper and a mine layer,‑as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters:

1 light cruiser
3 destroyers
6 escort vessels
1 mine sweeper
1 mine layer
1 large tanker
1 medium tanker
14 medium cargo vessels
2 medium cargo transports
3 small cargo vessels

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué.

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N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 560, DECEMBER 19, 1944

Pacific Area. 

1. The USS Mississinewa, an auxiliary oiler, was recently lost in the Central Pacific as a result of enemy action.

2. next of kin of all casualties have been notified. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 208, DECEMBER 19, 1944 

Further reports on carrier‑based strikes against shipping in and around Luzon on December 13, 14 and 15 (West Longitude Dates) reveal the follow­ing additional damage to the enemy:

    Sunk: Damaged:
       One large oiler    One large transport
       One minelayer    One medium oiler
       Seven small craft    One small oiler
       Five small vessels    One coastal defense vessel

Revised information shows that cargo ships sunk were nine, cargo vessels damaged were nine, and small cargo vessels damaged were seventeen. These totals were previously reported as ten cargo ships sunk, ten cargo vessels damaged, and twenty‑five small vessels damaged, (communiqué No. 207). Our forces lost 27 planes in combat in the three‑day action.

On December 17, Marine torpedo planes bombed defense installations on Rota 7n the Marianas.

On the same date Navy search aircraft bombed airstrips on Truk in the Carolines, encountering moderate antiaircraft fire. Four enemy fighters at­tacked our planes, but all returned safely.

Marine aircraft bombed and strafed targets on Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 17, setting two aircraft ablaze and destroying a barge, a motor launch and four trucks. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 692, DECEMBER 19, 1944 

COMMANDER IN CHIEF BRITISH PACIFIC FLEET CONFERS WITH ADMIRAL NIMITZ 

A series of conferences is in progress at Pearl Harbor between Fleet Admiral C. W. Nimitz, Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, and Admiral Sir Bruce Fraser, GCB, KBE, Commander in Chief, British Pacific Fleet, and their respective staffs. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 693, DECEMBER 19, 1944 

ADMIRAL NIMITZ ASSUMES RANK 

Admiral C. W. Nimitz, USN, Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, has assumed the rank of a Fleet Admiral of the United States Navy, from 19 December 1944.

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 209, DECEMBER 20, 1944 

On December 17 (West Longitude Date) Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed airstrip installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos, starting fires.

On the following day Liberators of the same force returned to the attack, dropping more than one hundred tons of bombs on Iwo Jima Lightning fighters shot down one enemy aircraft and strafed targets on the ground.

Marcus Island airstrip facilities were bombed by Liberators of the Stra­tegic Air Force on December 18. The enemy sent up moderate antiaircraft fire but all our planes returned safely:

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed storage areas on Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 18.

More than one hundred fifty fighters and bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed Maloelap Atoll on December 18 as neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls were continued. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 210, DECEMBER 21, 1944 

Airstrip Installations in Iwo Jima in the Volcanos were bombed by Liber­ators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, on December 1 (West Longitude Date).

On the same date Avenger torpedo planes of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed Yap In the Western Carolines.

Storage areas on Babelthuap in the Palaus were bombed and strafed by fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on December 19. A number of boats were destroyed by Marine fighters attacking the Sonsoral Islands, south­west of the Palaus on the same date.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing strafed targets on Rota In the Marianas on December 19.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing fighters continued neutralizing attacks on enemy held bases in the Marshalls on the same date. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 561, DECEMBER 22, 1944 

1. The USS Ward, a destroyer transport, and the USS Mahan, a de­stroyer, were recently lost off Leyte, Philippine Islands, having been hard hit by enemy aerial torpedoes and later sunk by our own forces.

2. This action was reported in Commander in Chief, Southwest Pacific Area communiqué No. 975.

3. There was no loss of life of personnel on the USS Ward.

4. The next of kin of the casualties sustained in the USS Mahan have been informed. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 211, DECEMBER 23, 1944 

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed air­strip installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanoes on December 20 and 21 (West Longitude Dates).

Marine Mitchell Bombers on December 21 carried out rocket attacks on shipping around the Bonins and Volcanoes. 

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Eleventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed and strafed targets on Onekotan in the Kuriles on December 20. Our aircraft encountered meager antiaircraft fire. All returned safely.

Supply and ammunition dumps on Babelthuap in the Palaus were strafed and bombed by fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on December 20. Similar attacks were carried out on the following day.

Marine torpedo planes bombed installations on Yap on December 21.

Seventh Army Air Force Thunderbolts made strafing attacks on Pagan in the Marianas on December 20.

An enemy plane was strafed and burned on the ground at Oroluk in the Carolines by Navy Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two on December 20.

Neutralization attacks against enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls were continued by planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on December 21. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 212, DECEMBER 24, 1944 

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed the airstrip and plane dispersal areas on Iwo Jima in the Volcanoes on December 22 (West Longi­tude Date). Two enemy planes offered slight resistance.

Other Strategic Air Force Liberators struck Woleai In the Western Caro­lines on December 22.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed targets at Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 22, sinking three enemy barges, damaging three others and two boats and damaging other installations.

Fighters and Dive Bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued to strike at enemy held bases in the Marshalls on December 22. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 213, DECEMBER 25, 1944 

Ships of the United States Pacific Fleet bombarded the enemy base of Iwo Jima in the Volcanoes on December 23 (West Longitude Date).

The attack was a joint operation with bombers and fighters of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, and bombers of the Twenty‑First Bomber Command and Fleet Air Wing One.

Coastal defenses were shelled by our surface units, which encountered some enemy gunfire but suffered no damage. Our ships sank an enemy de­stroyer escort, a patrol craft and a medium size landing ship.

Forces of Liberator Bombers and Lightning Fighters bombed and strafed airstrip installations and shore defenses. Our aircraft destroyed one enemy plane on the ground and damaged six others. Two enemy fighters attacked our planes and meager antiaircraft fire was encountered. All our planes re­turned safely.

Bombers of the Strategic Air Force on the same day bombed airstrip facilities on Chichi Jima in the Bonins.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 23, setting several buildings afire.

Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two and the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued attacks on enemy bases in the Marshalls on December 23.

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 214, DECEMBER 26, 1944 

Between 16 and 25 enemy planes attacked an airstrip on Saipan on the night of December 24 (West Longitude Date). Our Fighters shot down three planes. Antiaircraft fire destroyed a fourth. One of our planes was destroyed on the ground and several others were damaged. Six men were injured.

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed the airstrip and plane dis­persal areas on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on December 24. Meager antiair­craft fire was encountered.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked Rota in the Marianas on December 24.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing sank an enemy barge at Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 24. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 562, DECEMBER 27, 1944

Pacific and Far East. 

1. United States submarines operating in Far Eastern waters have reported the sinking of one large Japanese aircraft carrier and 26 other Japan­ese vessels, including one converted light cruiser, one destroyer, two escort vessels and two destroyer transports‑seven combatant vessels. The vessels sunk were:

1 large aircraft carrier
1 converted light cruiser
1 destroyer
2 escort vessels
2 destroyer transports
2 large transports
10 medium cargo vessels
3 small cargo vessels
1 small transport
2 medium cargo transports
2 medium tankers

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 563, DECEMBER 27, 1944 

1. The destroyer USS Cooper was recently lost off Ormoc, Leyte, Phil­ippine Islands, as the result of a night action against the enemy. This action was reported in Commander in Chief, Southwest Pacific Area communiqué No. 872.

2. The LSM‑20 was also recently lost off Leyte, Philippine Islands, as the result of enemy action.

3. The next of kin of casualties have been notified.

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DECEMBER 27, 1944 

DATA ON JAPANESE LOSSES INFLICTED BY U. S. SUBMARINES 

1. Navy Department communiqués and Press Releases to date have re­ported the following losses inflicted on Japanese shipping by United States submarines: 

COMBATANT SHIPS

  Sunk Probably Sunk Damaged Totals
Battleships 0 0 1 1
Aircraft Carriers 1 2 2 5
Cruisers 14 2 6 22
Destroyers 44 5 6 55
Submarines 0 0 0 0
Tenders 3 1 1 5
Others 37 1 0 38
   Totals 99 11 16 126

NON‑COMBATANT SHIPS

Fleet Tankers 89 1 18 108
Transports 133 5 8 146
Cargo & Supply 575 17 71 663
Miscellaneous 38 3 6 47
   Totals 835 26 103 964
   Total Ships of all Types. 934 37 119 1090

2. The above announcements cover the sinking of more than 3,500,000 tons of Japanese shipping by United States submarines. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 215, DECEMBER 27, 1944 

Surface units of the United States Pacific Fleet bombarded Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on December 26 (West Longitude Date).

Targets included coastal defenses and airstrip installations. An enemy landing ship was set afire and an enemy gunboat was blown up by gunfire. Two of our ships suffered slight damage from enemy coastal guns.

The attack was a joint operation with the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas.

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed Iwo Jima airstrips on December 25. Two enemy fighters were seen in the air. Several of our aircraft suffered minor damage due to antiaircraft fire but all returned safely.

Neutralization attacks were continued on enemy‑held bases in the Mar­shalls on December 25 by planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. Fleet Air Wing Two made similar attacks on December 25 and 26. 

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N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 564, DECEMBER 28, 1944 

1. The submarine USS Seawolf is overdue from patrol and presumed lost.

2. Next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 216, DECEMBER 28, 1944 

Enemy aircraft attacked United States air installations on Saipan and Tinian in the Marianas on December 26 (West Longitude Date) in two sep­arate raids of five and two planes respectively and inflicted minor damage. Our fighters shot down two enemy aircraft.

Liberators and Lightning Fighters of the Strategic Air Force made bomb­ing and strafing attacks on air installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on December 26. An enemy fighter was destroyed in the air. Two other enemy aircraft were destroyed and two were damaged on the ground. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

A Navy search plane shot down an enemy bomber near the Bonins on the same date.

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed air installations and ship­ping on and around Chichi Jima in the Bonins on December 26. A direct hit was scored on a coastal cargo ship.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed enemy installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 26.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing Fighters continued neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on December 27. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 217, DECEMBER 29, 1944 

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed air­strip installations in Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on December 27 (West Longi­tude Date). Our planes encountered intense antiaircraft fire but all returned safely.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed docking facilities on Babelthuap in the Palaus on the same date.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed enemy-held bases in the Marshalls on December 28 as neutralizing attacks continued in that area. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 706, DECEMBER 29, 1944 

Following is the teat of a recording by Fleet Admiral C. W. Nimitz, Com­mander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, broadcast Decem­ber 26, 1944 over an Office of War Information program originating in Saipan, and beamed to the Japanese homeland

"As Commander in Chief of the United States Pacific Fleet, it is my privilege to reveal to you certain facts from the records of the war in the western Pacific.

"In the past year the United States has advanced over 2,000 miles west­ward from the Gilbert and Marshall Islands, and 1,500 miles northwestward from New Guinea, to the Philippines. 

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"Guam, Saipan, Tinian, the Solomons, the Admiralties, New Guinea and Halmahera have fallen to the combined efforts of the Allied forces of all services. Peleliu, Angaur and nearby islands of the Palau group have been occupied. Former major Japanese bases at Yap, Truk, Palau, Rabaul and Kavieng have been neutralized. Remaining units in these ports have been isolated. Enemy survivors are bombed and shelled daily by our planes and ships with no hope of getting support or supplies from the harassed Japanese Navy.

"United States task forces have made repeated attacks on the Kuriles, the Bonins, Mindanao and Luzon in the Philippines. Ships and fleet air units have shelled and bombed Celebes, Borneo, Java and Sumatra in the East Indies. Our surface ships are making more frequent attacks on Formosa, the Ryukyus, the Kuriles and the Philippines.

"The United States Fleet is now the strongest in the world. The largest and fastest battleships and aircraft carriers ever built are being added to our naval units. United States industrial technique is building even larger and faster ships and planes in quantities the Japanese cannot hope to match with their present industrial limitations.

"Every day the war draws closer to the Japanese homeland. From bases captured and established by Marine, Army and Naval Units, airfleets of B‑29 Superfortresses are bombing industrial targets in Tokyo and other sections of Japan and Manchuria, just as Allied aerial warfare reduced the productive capacity of Germany.

"Important Japan supply lines from her Empire outposts are being severed. Intensified U. S. submarine operations are continuing to sink more Japanese merchant ships loaded with supplies and materials desperately needed either at the front or in the home islands. Carrier based planes are adding to this] shipping toll.

"Our progress in the Pacific campaigning has been so successful and un­interrupted that even high Japanese officials have indicated concern. The preponderance of U. S. ships, war materials and manpower portends In­creased casualties and hardships for Japan's military, increased destruction and suffering for her industrial sectors.

"As the blockade of Japan tightens, as the bombing of Japan is stepped-­up, as United States productive capacity is enlarged‑it is inevitable that Japan will be defeated.

"Until the day that Allied victory is complete, the United States Navy is determined to carry the fighting to the very vitals of Japan." 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 218, DECEMBER 31, 1944 

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed the airstrips and other installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on December 28 and 29 (West Longitude Date). Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Marine Mitchell bombers made rocket attacks on enemy shipping between the Bonins and Volcanos on December 27 and 28.

Mitchells of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed targets in the Kuriles on December 29.

Corsairs of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed supply dumps and other objectives on Babelthuap and other areas in the Palaus on December 29. A bridge was destroyed on Babelthuap.

299

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing and Seventh Army Air Force strafed enemy barges at Woleai in the Western Carolines on December 29.

Search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed bivouac and supply areas on Wake Island on December 29. They were met by meager antiaircraft fire.

Neutralization raids on enemy held bases in the Marshalls were continued by aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two on the same date. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 707 

THE NAVAL WAR IN THE PACIFIC DURING 1944 

(Distances are in nautical miles) 

The year 1944 saw a great amphibious offensive unfold in the Pacific. The forces of the United Nations, spearheaded and sustained by the United States Pacific Fleet, drove in massive lunges through Japan's ill-gotten conquests, moving 1830 miles westward from Tarawa and Makin to anchor their armed night securely in the Marianas. From there systematic bombarding of Tokyo and other Japanese industrial centers has begun.

From the jungles of New Britain the front was pushed 1600 miles north and west to the Philippines. As of today, the enemy's defensive arc from Paramushiru in the northern Kuriles to Manila, 2780 miles in extent, is within effective range of our fleet and shore based aircraft. To U. S. offensive forces in the Marianas and Philippines, as elsewhere in the Pacific, a constant procession of cargo vessels is carrying thousands of tons of supplies. These two points are 4938 miles and 6056 miles, respectively, from San Francisco. No military operation has ever embraced such dimensions.

There is evidence that the enemy counted on slow and painful forward steps by our forces, instead of swift advances. Radio Tokyo told its listeners recently that speed is an "outstanding trait" of the American people. "The enemy has come pressing upon us," Tokyo explained, "skipping three or four steps in one jump, for the step‑by‑step method was not speedy enough for him."

In seizing positions in the pivotal Philippines, a strategic victory has been consummated. A string of island bases along the southern perimeter of Japan's inner sea has been established. From them can be launched drives against the home Empire. At the same time Japan is being cut off from the rich military resources of the Indies‑the empire she coveted, won and planned to exploit without hindrance.

Japan's leaders are well aware of the strategic import of the battle of the Philippines. It is a battle which, according to their own propaganda, they know they must not lose. This was indicated when the Japanese Imperial Fleet, long in hiding, steamed forth in a supreme effort to destroy the forces covering the beachhead won on Leyte. The U. S. Navy then came to grips with, and thoroughly defeated, a major force of the Japanese Navy in the three actions of Surigao Straits, Samar and of Cape Engano.

These three actions constituted the Second Battle of the Philippine Sea, the culminating sea engagement of the year, which was symbolic of the destruc­tion wrought upon the Japanese military machine throughout the Pacific. 

300 

During the year U. S. surface ships and aircraft sank two of the enemy's battleships, five of his aircraft carriers, seven of his heavy cruisers, well over 300 cargo ships and transports, and about 200 other vessels, with the grand total reaching 550 ships, according to tentative figures now available. These figures do not include any ships probably sunk or damaged, or any ships de­stroyed by our submarines. They do not include any of the hundreds of barges, luggers and other small cargo craft sunk. And they refer only to activity in the Pacific Ocean Areas exclusive of the Southwest Pacific command.

U. S. submarines sank 468 Japanese ships during the first 11 months of 1944, according to Navy Department communiqués. This total includes four light cruisers and 17 destroyers. Forty‑three tankers, 377 cargo ships and transports were sent to the bottom. In December an enemy aircraft carrier was sunk by a submarine. The tonnage of Japanese ships sunk during 1944 by U. S. submarines alone is in excess of 2,500,000 tons. The number of ships damaged by submarines has not been announced.

During 1944, 6,650 enemy aircraft were destroyed in the Pacific Ocean Areas. Of these approximately 5,450 were destroyed by carrier aircraft, and 1,200 by land‑based airplanes. Of the year's total, approximately 3,975 enemy aircraft were destroyed in the air, and 2,675 on the ground. These figures also do not include reports from the Southwest Pacific command.

No review of the year would be complete without mention of our land-­based air forces. As we have moved the battlefront steadily across the Pacific, we have drawn after us a net of air and surface blockade, entangling, pinning down, choking the by‑passed Japanese holdings. An estimated 225,000 enemy troops, and strong enemy bastions such as Truk, Kavieng and Rabaul, have been reduced to impotence or to ashes.

In addition to ceaseless patrolling by surface units, many hundreds of land‑based air strikes have been necessary to enforce this blockade. Many of these strikes were in force, with heavy bomb loads dropped on important targets. Others were small. When practicable they were closely coordinated with carrier‑based attacks and amphibious landings. Together with our surface patrolling, these air strikes destroyed enemy strength in by‑passed zones and made possible our rapid advance.

The year 1944 has brought success and added momentum to our advancing forces. But the Pacific is an ocean of fantastic distances. The road to Tokyo is rough and long. The enemy has just begun to defend his Home Empire. We have just begun to meet the tremendous problems of logistics, of supplying our forces‑problems that grow greater with every forward step.

The vast quantity of material required to prepare the way for our ad­vancing troops can be measured in terms of ammunition. Our naval forces alone used 36,260 tons of it in the Marianas campaign for air and surface bombard­ment. This does not include any ammunition used by troops ashore. At Peleliu surface and air bombardment consumed 9,000 tons. A myriad of other commodities are required to supply and sustain our advancing forces.

The decisive battles, the greatest battles, the hardest battles of the war in the Pacific are still to come. They must be fought with supreme effort on the part of all of us; in factories throughout our country, across the long sea lanes, and in the forward areas where the men of all our armed services, and those of our Allies, are fighting‑for the enemy, like ourselves, has just begun to fight. 

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CHRONOLOGY OF THE WAS IN THE PACIFIC FOR THE YEAR 1944 

Explanatory Notes 

All dates are West Longitude.

For the months January to July, inclusive, revised figures are used in showing our own and enemy losses. By "revised" is meant the figures arrived at as result of assembling, analyzing and tabulating all the final returns‑a process which takes many weeks after the action concerned. These revised figures often differ, to a minor degree, from the figures originally announced in communiqués.

For the months August to December, inclusive, revised figures are not available; that is, the figures used in this portion of the chronology are drawn entirely and only from communiqués issued in that period.

The purpose of this chronology is primarily to list events occurring in the Pacific Ocean areas. However, the campaigns of the Southwest Pacific Area are strategically speaking, an inseparable part of the Pacific offensive, and repeatedly during the year the activities of the two commands had a direct and important tactical relationship. For these reasons the major events oc­curring in the Southwest Pacific Area are included in this chronology.

January 1944

All dates are West Longitude

31 December 1943
  and
    3 January 1944
A carrier force commanded by Rear Admiral F. C. Sherman, USN, made bombing, strafing and torpedo attacks on enemy cruisers, destroyers and other shipping near Kavieng, New Ireland.
1 January Under cover of heavy air and naval bombardment, elements of the 6th Army under General Douglas MacArthur, Supreme Commander, Allied Forces, Southwest Pacific Area, landed at Saidor on the north coast of New Guinea. The landings were unopposed and con­trol of the Saidor area and airstrip was soon gained.
3‑25 January Enemy troop and supply concentrations and staging points in the northern Solomons were subjected to six surface bombardments. Four were in broad daylight. There was no air or surface opposition, and negligible reply from shore batteries. Two strikes on Southern Empress Augusta Bay, two on northeastern Bougainville  and one on Choiseul Bay were conducted by destroyers. One on the Shortland area was by cruisers and destroyers.
29‑30 January During the night the USS Burns, a destroyer operating with our naval forces in the Marshall Islands, en­countered and sank an enemy convoy of four vessels including a 6000‑ton oiler, a 4500‑ton cargo ship and two smaller vessels.

U. S. carrier and heavy surface forces heavily at­tacked Jap bases in the Marshall Islands. Airfields and

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  other installations on Wotje, Maloelap and Kwajalein atolls, previously softened up by our land‑based air power, were bombed and strafed by our carrier aircraft and bombarded by our battleships, cruisers and destroyers. The enemy's air strength in the Marshalls was paralyzed. On the 30th our carrier forces began air attacks on Eniwetok atoll which continued daily until 6 February.
31 January U. S. landings began in the Marshall Islands with unopposed occupation of Majuro atoll by Amphibious Reconnaissance Company of 5th Amphibious Corps (now Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion of Fleet Marine Force, Pacific). Majuro was the first pre‑war Japanese territory to be taken by United States forces.
  In preparation for main assault on Roi and Namur Islands in Kwajalein atoll, Marines landed on five smaller islets flanking Roi, meeting with little opposition. In preparation for assault on Kwajalein Island at the southern tip of the atoll, by the Seventh Infantry Division, U. S. Army troops landed on islands flanking Kwajalein Island. Opposition was slight.
  February 1944
1 February Fourth Marine division landed on Roi and Namur Islands, about 45 miles north of Kwajalein Island, in Kwajalein atoll. Seventh Infantry Division landed on Kwajalein Island.
1‑6 February Powerful force of battleships, cruisers, destroyers, carriers and land‑based aircraft supported Kwajalein landings. Fleet air attacks were carried out also on other atolls of the Marshalls and on Wake Island. Roi. Namur, Kwajalein, Ebeye, Lot, Gugegwe, Bigej and Eller Islands, all in Kwajalein atoll, were captured. (Kwajalein is the world's largest atoll, 66 miles long, 18 miles wide and including more than 30 islets.)
4 February Cruisers and destroyers commanded by Rear Admiral W. D. Baker, USN, bombarded Japanese installations on Paramushiru in the Kurile Islands‑the first surface bombardment of this Japanese base by our forces.
8 February Organized resistance ceased on Kwajalein atoll. Japanese killed 8112, prisoners 437. Our casualties: 286 killed, 1148 wounded, 82 missing.
10‑12 February Eniwetok bombarded by our carrier aircraft.
12 February Arno atoll, Marshall Islands occupied. No opposition.
14 February First heavy land‑based air attack on Ponape, base in the Carolines. U. S. and New Zealand troops under General Mac­ Arthur landed on Green Islands off southern New Ire­ land. Naval attack force was commanded by Rear Admiral T. S. Wilkinson, USN. Resistance was light. This thrust flanked Rabaul.

303

16‑17 February Enemy positions and installations on Eniwetok atoll were bombed and strafed by carrier aircraft and shelled by heavy surface units.
  Covering the Eniwetok landings, a U. S. carrier and battleship force struck a heavy surprise blow at Truk. On the 16th our aircraft strafed and bombed airfields and enemy aircraft; and strafed, bombed and torpedoed shipping in Truk lagoon. Enemy air power was paralyzed: 129 enemy aircraft were shot down, 82 were destroyed on the ground, 70 were damaged on the ground according to photographic evidence. (No Jap aircraft were airborne the second day of the attack.) Meantime, a force including battleships and cruisers made sweep around the atoll attacking Japanese merchant and Naval vessels in the vicinity of Truk. There were few targets left by the 17th, and on that day our force retired. Sunk by our air and surface action were 2 light cruisers, 3 destroyers, 2 patrol craft, 1 Ammunition Ship, 8 Freighters, 7 Oilers, 2 Barges. Damaged were 16 other vessels (only 14 out of a total of 55 vessels at Truk escaped undamaged). This anti‑shipping assault was the heaviest yet delivered by our fleet air arm in terms of bomb tonnage, sorties flown, and targets available. . Our losses: 25 aircraft lost, 1 ship moderately damaged.
17 February Eniwetok landings began with establishment of artillery positions on islands flanking Engebi Island.
18 February 22nd Marines and 106th Infantry seized Engebi Island. Opposition was light.
19‑21 February Eniwetok Island was invaded and seized by the 106th Infantry Regiment and the 104th Artillery Battalion.
22‑‑23 February Parry Island, Eniwetok atoll, was invaded and seized by the 22nd Marines and the 4th Tank Battalion. This completed our control of Eniwetok atoll. Japanese killed, 2665 ; prisoners, 66. Our casualties: 169 killed, 521 wounded, 26 missing.
17‑29 February U. S. Destroyers bombarded Kavieng, New Ireland and Rabaul, New Britain and conducted anti‑shipping sweeps in the Bismarck area. These were our first surface bombardment of these enemy bases. There was no air nor surface opposition and only slight resistance from shore batteries.
19 February On or about this date the Japs evacuated their air force from Rabaul and virtually stopped defending the Bismarck with aircraft. Interception of our aircraft over Rabaul virtually ceased after 19 February.
20 February Aircraft from our carriers strafed and bombed enemy installations on Jaluit atoll, Marshall Islands.
21‑22 February A carrier force under command of Rear (now Vice) Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, USN, bombed and strafed enemy installations on Saipan, Tinian, Rota and Guam in the Marianas. Air battles were fought with enemy

304

   aircraft. Virtually all of the enemy's aircraft in the Marianas were destroyed or damaged (total about 135). Of the few enemy ships located, 2 were destroyed and 9 damaged. Our losses were 6 aircraft.
28 February Troops under General MacArthur landed at Los Negros, in the. Admiralty Islands, from a Naval force commanded by Rear Admiral W. M. Fechteler, USN. This advance into the Admiralties was the first step toward development of strategic airfields and a major fleet anchorage in these islands. It further flanked Rabaul. Resistance was light and the Momote Airstrip was quickly seized.
  March 1944
4 March Mindiri, 30 miles west of Saidor on New Guinea coast, was invaded by troops under General MacArthur.
7 March Jap ground forces attacked our positions in Tororina area on Bougainville. Fighting continued until 2:i March when the Japs abandoned their effort and retired.
  Troops under the Supreme Commander, Allied Forces, Southwest Pacific Area, landed on Willaumez Peninsula, near Talasea, on northern coast of New Britain, 160 miles from Rabaul. Opposition was quickly overcome.
9 March Wotho atoll, Marshall Islands, was secured.
11 March Ujae atoll and Lib Island, in the Marshall Islands were secured.
13 March Lae atoll, Marshall Islands, was secured.
14 March Manus Island, Admiralty group, invaded by troops under General MacArthur. Ships of the 7th Fleet sup ported with shore bombardment; aircraft of the Southwest Pacific air forces ,gave air cover. Lorengao Airbase was captured in 72 hours. (Occupation of the Admiralty Islands was virtually completed by the end of April).
15 March B‑24's of the Central Pacific air force made first land­ based air attack on Truk. The island was not blacked out. Installations were bombed; fires were started.
16 March Gasmata, on the south shore of New Britain, opposite Willaumez Peninsula, was invaded by troops under General MacArthur. No opposition was encountered.
17‑18 March U. S. destroyers bombarded Wewak, New Guinea. (This base and shipping in that area were subjected to heavy, continued shore‑based attacks from 11‑27 March.)
18 March Mille Island, Mille atoll, Marshall Islands, was bombed by carrier aircraft and shelled by heavy surface units.
19 March Fourth Marines landed unopposed on Emirau Islands, St. Matthias group (75 miles northwest of Kavieng), thus completing the encirclement of Rabaul, Kavieng, and other enemy positions in the Bismarck Archipelago

305

  and Solomon Islands. Diversionary bombardment of Kavieng was conducted by heavy surface ships, which poured in more than 1,000 tons of shells. Operation was under general direction of Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr., USN, Commander, South Pacific Area and South Pacific Force of the U. S. Fleet.
22 March U. S. Pacific Fleet destroyers bombarded Mussau island, largest of St. Matthias Group, 15 miles northwest of Emirau. Ailinglapalap atoll, Marshall Islands, was secured.
23 March Namu atoll, Marshall Islands, was secured.
24 March Ebon atoll, Marshall Islands, was secured.
26 March Namorik atoll, Marshall Islands, was secured.
27 March Kill Island, Marshall Islands, was secured. U. S. Pacific Fleet destroyers bombarded Kapingamarangi (Greenwich) atoll, north of New Ireland.
29‑31 March In the deepest penetration yet made of enemy defenses, carrier forces under tactical command of Admiral Raymond A. Spruance, USN, heavily attacked the Palau Islands with additional strikes at Yap, MIMI and Woleai in the western Carolines. The approaching force was detected, and many enemy ships, including heavy units, fled from Palau anchorages. However, on 20‑30 March, 29 Japanese ships were sunk at Palau: 3 destroyers; 2 large, 6 medium and 9 small freighters: 3 large, 1 medium and 1 small tanker; and 4 smaller vessels. 4 18 other vessels were severely damaged, some of them fired or beached, 114 Jap aircraft were shot down; 46 destroyed on the ground. Yap and Ulithi were hit on the 30th. At Yap, 1 small craft was sunk; at Ulithi, 1 sunk, 1 damaged. At Woleai on the 31st, 7 aircraft were destroyed on the ground, 3 barges destroyed. Installations at all four locations suffered heavy damage. Our losses were 25 aircraft lost in combat.
30 March Bikini atoll, Marshall Islands, was secured.
  April 1944
1 April Ailuk atoll, Marshall Islands, was secured.
2 April Mejit atoll and Jemo Island (uninhabited), Marshall Islands, was secured.
3 April Rongelap, Likiep, Ailinginae and Rongerik atolls (latter two uninhabited), Marshall Islands, were secured.
5 April U. S. troops land on Ram Buyto in the Admiralty Islands, without opposition. Utirik, Bikar and Taka atolls (latter uninhabited), Marshall Islands, secured.
11 April "Major portion" of New Britain is ours, according to announcement from General MacArthur's headquarters. Formerly strong enemy positions at Cape Hoskins and Gasmata have been abandoned and the Japanese have fled for a last stand at Rabaul.

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15 April Alaska and Aleutians separated from 13th Naval District and made the 17th Naval District.
  Rear (now Vice) Admiral John H. Hoover, USN, was designated Commander Forward Area, Central Pacific, by Admiral C. W. Nimitz, USN, with command over all forces assigned to the Forward Area, including land-based air forces.
18 April Saipan, Tinian and Aguijan Islands in the Marianas were bombed in daylight by PB4Ys of Fleet Air Wing 2 and B‑24's of 7th AAF.
19 April Sabang, enemy base off the northern tip of Sumatra, was bombarded by an Allied task force of carriers, battleships, cruisers, destroyers and submarines. Among the capital ships was the USS Saratoga. Admiral Sir James Somerville, Royal Navy, commanded the force. This was the first time in World War II that ships of the Pacific Fleet had operated with British units on an offensive mission in the Indian Ocean.
20‑23 April Forces of the 5th Fleet provided air and surface support for landings of Southwest Pacific forces at Aitape and Hollandia on the northern coast of New Guinea. 5th Fleet carrier aircraft bombed and strafed Japanese airfields at Wakde, Sawar and in the Hollandia area, 5th Fleet cruisers and destroyers bombarded Japanese airfields at Wakde and Sawar at night. Ground Installations, fuel and ammunition dumps were destroyed in these strikes. It is estimated that 5th Fleet aircraft whose operations were coordinated with those of the Southwest Pacific Air Forces‑destroyed 88 Japanese aircraft on the ground, 34 in the air; and 1 small cargo vessel and 6 small craft. 5th Fleet losses: 10 aircraft in combat.
21 April Under cover furnished by ships of the 5th and 7th Fleets, and shore‑based aircraft of the Southwest Pacific forces, troops under command of General MacArthur went ashore at Humboldt Bay and Tanahmerah Bay to secure Hollandia, and also at Aitape. Opposition was light. Beachheads were quickly secured and by the 28th, all airfields and airdromes at both areas were in hand.
  This move effectively isolated at least 60,000 Japs of the Japanese 18th Army between Aitape and Madang, and made it possible to blockade them as enemy troops in the Solomons, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Marshalls were being blockaded.
  In this operation the 5th Fleet units were under tactical command of Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, USN, and the 7th Fleet units were under Rear Admiral D. E. Barbey, USN.
  Erikub and Aur atolls, Marshall Islands, were secured.
23 April Ujelang atoll, Marshall Islands, was secured without opposition. This completed the Marshalls Operation. In

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  period of about 12 weeks, our forces had captured about 90% of the enemy possessions in the Marshalls, and completely dominated the 330,000 square miles of sea and air in their environs. So effective had been our air and surface covering operations that of the 24 atolls and 3 islands taken, only Kwajalein and Eniwetok had been heavily defended. Enemy casualties: 10,902 killed and 523 prisoners of war. Our casualties: 566 killed and missing, 1683 wounded. Japanese bases on the fol­lowing four atolls, completely bypassed, blockaded and pounded by daily air attacks, were left to "wither on the vine": Jaluit, Mille, Wotje, Maloelap.
24 April Madang on the coast of Northeast New Guinea occupied by Australian and United States troops. On the 26th these troops occupied Alexishafen in the same area. This seizure gave Allied forces control of Vitiaz Strait off Northeast New Guinea, and major base and port facilities.
29‑30 April Returning from the Hollandia operation, 5th Fleet units under Vice Admiral Mitscher attacked Truk. Carrier aircraft heavily bombed and strafed ground installations, doing extensive damage. Other enemy losses 63 aircraft shot down, 60 destroyed on the ground; 4 small craft sunk. We lost 27 aircraft.
30 April Pacific Fleet cruisers and destroyers bombarded Satawan, in the Nomoi Group, Caroline Islands. The target area, which the Japanese had been developing as an air base, was thoroughly covered with heavy projectiles. Rear Admiral J. B. Oldendorf, USN, commanded the forces.
  May 1944
1 May Battleships of the 5th Fleet, supported by carrier aircraft, bombarded Ponape in the Carolines. Numerous buildings in Ponape town, the seaplane base, and the wharf area were destroyed. (Ponape and other Japanese bases in the Carolines had suffered increasingly heavy shore‑based air attacks during the months of March and April. Such attacks were further stepped up during May).
13‑14 May Land‑based bombers heavily attack Jaluit, Marshall Islands.
16‑19 May Wakde Islands, 115 miles west of Hollandia along the New Guinea coast, seized by U. S. Army units under the Supreme Commander, Allied Forces, Southwest Pacific area.
17 May Soerabaja, Java attacked by carrier aircraft of the Allied naval force which had attacked Sabang on 19 April. This raid coincided with landings at Wakde. Damage inflicted: At least 10 enemy ships damaged, some heavily. 26 aircraft destroyed. Ground installations damaged. Our losses: 1 aircraft. Destroyers bombarded Maloelap.

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19‑20 May Pacific Fleet carriers bombed and strafed enemy installations on Marcus Island in two‑day air attack.
20 May Cruisers and destroyers bombarded enemy positions in the Shortland Islands, just south of Bougainville.
21 May Land‑based aircraft heavily bombed Wotje, Marshall Islands.
22 May Destroyers bombarded Wotje.
23 May Carrier aircraft bombed Wake Island.
26 May Destroyers bombarded Mille, Marshall Islands.
27 May Biak Island, 180 miles west of Wakde off New Guinea coast, was invaded by U. S. Army units under command of General MacArthur. They were supported by bombing and naval bombardment by ships of the 7th Fleet. From Biak, Davao, in the Philippines is less than 80 miles and the Palau Islands are slightly over 500 miles.
29 May Medina, on northern coast of New Ireland, was bombarded by Pacific Fleet destroyers.
  June 1944
9 June Japanese base at Fangelawa Bay, New Ireland, was bombarded by Pacific Fleet destroyers.
10 June Aircraft of a fast carrier task force struck at enemy airpower on Saipan, Tinian, Rota, Pagan and Guam in the Marianas. Installations, positions and parked aircraft were bombed and strafed. Approximately 150 enemy aircraft were destroyed, about three‑fourths of them in the air. Our losses: 11 aircraft.
11 June Japanese convoy of about 20 vessels fleeing the Marianas was attacked by our carrier aircraft west of Pagan. Most of the ships were sunk or heavily damaged. Another enemy convoy consisting of 6 vessels was similarly attacked west of Guam, and damaged. Other shipping in the Marianas area was attacked by our aircraft. Ground installations on Saipan, Tinian, Rota, Pagan and Guam were bombed and strafed.
12 June Attacks by carrier aircraft on the Marianas were continued. Battleships conducted a day‑long bombardment of Saipan. Night of 12‑‑13 June: Destroyers bombarded Saipan and Tinian.
13 June Carrier air strikes on the Marianas were continued. Battleships bombarded Saipan and Tinian. Pacific Fleet cruisers, destroyers and aircraft attacked enemy installations on Matsuwa Island in the Kuriles.
14 June Covered by heavy air and surface bombardment, our troops went ashore at Saipan, main Japanese base in the Marianas and headquarters of the Japanese Commander in Chief, Central Pacific Area. Vigorous opposition had developed. Fighting on Saipan ranked with the severest in the Pacific war, but its seizure constituted a major breach in the Japanese line of

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  inner defenses. The expeditionary force included the 2nd and 4th Marine Divisions and the 27th Infantry Division, United States Army. The Saipan operation, like the other invasions in the Marianas, was under the general direction of Admiral Raymond A. Spruance, USN, Commander, Fifth Fleet, with Vice Admiral Richmond K. Turner, USN, in charge of the expeditionary forces. (Saipan is 3300 miles from Pearl Harbor, 1000 miles from Eniwetok and 1260 miles from Tokyo.)
  During the evening, Japanese aircraft attacked our ships in the Saipan Area. 15 aircraft were shot down.
  Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands and Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonins were attacked by our carrier aircraft. Installations were bombed and strafed. Jap losses: 39 aircraft shot down, 25 destroyed on the ground. Two freighters were sunk, several heavily damaged. Our losses: 8 aircraft. This was our first carrier strike on the Volcanos and Bonins.
15 June Installations on Iwo Jima were bombed and strafed by our carrier aircraft. There was no airborne opposition but antiaircraft fire was heavy. We lost 3 aircraft. Carrier strikes continued on the Marianas area. China‑based B‑29's bombed Yawata, steel center on northern Kyushu, in Japan. This was the first attack by land‑based aircraft on the main Japanese Islands, and the first time B‑29 bombers were used in an offensive invasion. Vice Admiral J. H. Newton, USN, relieved Admiral William F. Halsey, USN, as Commander South Pacific Area and South Pacific Force. Admiral Halsey remained Commander 3rd Fleet.
16 June Carrier aircraft continued to bomb enemy Installations in the Marianas in support of our expanding beachhead.
17 June U. S. forces on Saipan captured Aslito (later Iseley) air field.
18 June Aircraft from Japanese carrier striking force attacked our sea forces covering the Saipan operation in the first stage of the Battle of the Philippine Sea. The enemy attack continued for several hours. The Japanese aircraft were intercepted and a high percentage of them shot down. Enemy losses for the day: 402 aircraft, all but 17 of which were destroyed in the air; two carriers damaged. Our losses: 17 aircraft and superficial damage to two carriers and a battleship.
19 June Aircraft from our carriers attacked the Japanese carrier striking force, in the second stage of the Battle of the Philippine Sea. Jap losses: 1 aircraft carrier, 1 light aircraft carrier, 2 destroyers, 1 tanker sunk; 1 aircraft carrier, 1 destroyer and 1 tanker possibly sunk; 1 aircraft carrier, 1 or 2 light aircraft carriers, 1 battle­ ship, 2 heavy cruisers, 1 light cruiser, 1 destroyer and

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  3 tankers damaged. 26 Japanese aircraft were shot down. Our losses: 93 aircraft (many of the personnel were rescued from these planes, a large percentage of which had been forced to land on the water in the darkness that night).
  From this date until 7 July Guam and Rota were attacked each day by at least one strike from our carrier forces. On that day continued heavy surface bombardment‑coordinated with the air strikes‑began.
20 June Our fleet attempted to pursue and to contact the enemy fleet, which was in a full speed retreat. The enemy eluded our search.
22‑23 June Installations on Pagan were bombed and strafed b our carrier aircraft.
23 June Our carrier aircraft struck at Iwo Jima. Japanese losses: 68 aircraft near Iwo Jima, 46 in unsuccessful thrusts at our carriers‑total 114 aircraft lost in the air. Our losses: 5 aircraft.
25‑26 June Kurabu Zaki, an important enemy base on Paramushiru in the Kuriles, was bombarded at night by our cruisers and destroyers. Guam was bombarded by surface units.
30 June‑1 July Guam again bombarded by surface units.
  July 1944
1 July Under cover of Naval and air bombardment troops under command of General MacArthur landed at Kamiri on Noemfoor Island, 100 miles west of Biak Island off Dutch New Guinea. Key Kamiri airfield was captured without much opposition 1 hour and 51 minutes aft the landing.
2‑3 July Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands and Haha Jima the Bonins were heavily attacked by carrier aircraft. Bombs, machine guns and rockets were used. On the 3rd Iwo Jima was shelled by surface units. Meanwhile Iwo Jima was attacked by a fast carrier task group. In these strikes 9 ships were sunk, 8 damaged, together with a larger number of small craft. 26 Japanese aircraft were shot down and 128 were left inoperable on the ground. We lost 22 aircraft.
 6 July Several thousand Japanese troops launched a desperate counterattack on our forces at Saipan. Our casualties were severe, but the charge was thrown back with more than 1500 enemy troops killed.
7 July Guam was bombarded by surface units. From this time until the landing on the 20th, Guam was and constant surface bombardment, with coordinated strikes by our carrier aircraft. Continued attacks were also made on Rota.
8 July Organized resistance ended on Saipan. This was one of the most significant victories won by U. S. forces

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   in the Pacific. It led directly to the fall of the Tojo cabinet in Tokyo. Mopping up continued. Through 9 December, 26,571 Japanese had been killed and 2,099 captured on Saipan.
  B‑29's based on the continent of Asia bombarded the Japanese naval base at Sasebo and the steel center of Yawata in Japan. This was the second B‑29 raid on the Japanese homeland, the first having occurred on 15 June.
12 July Second Marine Division landed on Maniagassa Island, 2 miles off the northwestern coast of Saipan.
13 July Iwo Jima was bombed by aircraft of the Central Pacific shore‑based air forces. This was the first raid on the Nanpo Shoto by land‑based aircraft of the Pacific Ocean Areas.
15‑17 July Guam was shelled at close range by battleships, cruisers and destroyers, in the heightening campaign to obliterate gun emplacements and other installations. Tinian was shelled during the night of the 15‑16th by destroyers.
20 July Supported by carrier aircraft and heavy surface bombardment, our troops invaded Guam, largest and southernmost of the Marianas, establishing beachheads on both sides of Apra Harbor. The landing forces included the 3rd Marine Division, the 1st Provisional Marine Brigade and the 77th Infantry Division. There was little opposition to the landings themselves, but determined opposition developed inland. From this date until 7 August, our battleships, cruisers and destroyers furnished fire support to the troops ashore on Guam. Carrier aircraft also provided continued support.
21 July Artillery and naval gunfire were directed against Tinian.
23 July Second and 4th Marine Divisions landed on Tinian supported by carrier and land based aircraft and artillery and naval gunfire. Casualties in the landing forces were light. As at Guam, naval gunfire and carrier aircraft support was provided our troops on Tinian in the days following the assault.
24‑27 July Carrier aircraft of a fast carrier task group attacked enemy installations in the Palau Islands. Also attacked were Yap, Ulithi, Fais, Ngulu and Soror in the western Carolines.
29 July Tinian town was captured. Apra Harbor, site of former U. S. Naval Base on Guam, was again put into use by our ships.
29‑30 July Supported by Allied naval and air forces, troops under General MacArthur landed on the 29th on the islands of Amsterdam and Middleburg and at Cape Opmari,

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  near Sansapor in northwestern Vogelkop, near the western tip of Netherlands New Guinea. These islands are nearly 200 miles beyond our base on Noemfoor Island and slightly more than 600 miles southeast of the Philippines. On the 30th, we landed at Cape Sansa­por. There was little opposition to these landings. This move by‑passed Manokwari, pivotal enemy base in the Vogelkop Peninsula, and effectively neutralized New Guinea as an enemy base of operations.
31 July Organized resistance ceased on Tinian. Mopping up continued. Through 9 December, 6,932 Japanese had been killed, 321 taken prisoner on Tinian.
  August 1944
2 August American flag was formally raised on Tinian.
3 August Air and surface units of a fast carrier task force virtually wiped out a Japanese convoy and raided airfields and installations in the Bonin and Volcano Islands (Muko Jima, Chichi Jima, Haha Jima, Ane Jima, Iwo Jima). Japanese losses were 11 ships sunk, 8 ships damaged; 6 aircraft shot down, 7 destroyed on the ground. We lost 16 planes.
9 August Organized Japanese resistance ended on Guam. Mopping up continued. Through 9 December, 17,436 Japanese had been killed, and 512 captured on Guam.
30‑‑31 August & 1 September Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonins, and Iwo Jima in the Volcanos were bombed and strafed by aircraft of a fast carrier task force on 30th and the 1st, Chichi Jima and Haha Jima were bombarded by cruisers and destroyers. Japanese losses were: 6 ships sunk, 4 ships probably sunk, 3 ships damaged; 11 aircraft shot down, 35 destroyed on ground. Installations, airfields and supply dumps were damaged. We lost 5 aircraft.
31 August Admiral Nimitz announced that Lt. General Millard F. Harmon had assumed command of all Army Air Force units operating in the Pacific Ocean Areas.
  September 1944
3 September Cruisers and destroyers did extensive damage to enemy installations on Wake Island by surface bombardment. There was no air opposition.
5 September Aircraft of a fast carrier task force group bombed Palau Islands. Installations were damaged. 17 small craft were left burning.
5‑7 September Carrier aircraft bombed and strafed Yap and Ulithi in the western Carolines.
6 September Enemy installations in the Palau Islands were shelled by cruisers and destroyers of the Pacific Fleet.
8 September Carrier aircraft attacked Mindanao Island in the Philippines. 68 enemy aircraft were shot down, 32 loaded freighters in convoy were sunk by combined air

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  and surface attack; 20 ships in Davao Gulf were dam­ aged ; 20 small craft were sunk, 17 damaged.
9 September Carrier aircraft attacked Angaur, Peleliu and Koror Islands in the Palau Group, and bombed installations and shipping.
10‑11 September Babelthuap, Peleliu and Angaur were attacked by carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet. On the 11th these islands were bombarded by battleships.
11‑13 September Carrier aircraft shot down 156 enemy aircraft and destroyed 277 on the ground in strikes at Leyte, Cebu, Negros and Panay Islands in the Visayas group, Philippines. 40 enemy ships were sunk, 44 damaged. Ground installations were damaged.
12 September Carrier aircraft hit Angaur, Peleliu and Ngesebus in the Palau Islands.
14 September Supported by fleet air and surface units the 1st Marine Division landed on Peleliu in the Palau Islands. The amphibious operations were commanded by Vice Admiral T. S. Wilkinson, USN, Commander, Third Amphibious Force. Expeditionary troops were commanded by Major General Julian C. Smith, USMC Ground opposition was fairly stiff. The fast carrier task force supporting the operation was commanded by Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, USN At almost the same hour, our troops under command of General MacArthur landed on Morotai in the Halmaheras. Opposition was negligible and an airfield was captured the first day.
15 September Carrier aircraft bombed enemy positions and installations on Babelthuap and Peleliu in the Palau Islands.
16 September The 81st Infantry Division, U. S. Army, invaded Angaur, southernmost of the Palau Islands, under cover of air and surface bombardment. Opposition was light. Military government was set up on Peleliu Island.
19 September Organized resistance ceased on Angaur Island.
20‑21 September Elements of the 81st Infantry Division, covered by ships of the Pacific Fleet, occupied Ulithi atoll in the western Carolines. They were unopposed. The Pacific war came back, after 2 1/2 years, to the Island of Luzon, with a smashing two‑day attack by carrier‑based aircraft of the Pacific Fleet. Japanese losses:
    40 ships sunk.
    11 ships probably sunk.
    6 small craft sunk.
    11 small craft damaged.
    2 floating drydocks damaged.
    169 aircraft shot down.
    188 aircraft destroyed on the ground.
    45 aircraft damaged on the ground.
    3 aircraft damaged by ships gunfire.
    Extensive, widespread damage to military targets.
    Our losses: 11 aircraft.

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8 September Carrier planes of the Pacific Fleet struck at Cebu, Leyte, Negros, Luzon, and Nactan, in the Visayas Group of the Philippine Islands. Japanese losses were 22 ships sunk, 43 ships damaged, 20 to 30 small craft sunk or damaged; 7 aircraft shot down, 29 destroyed on the ground.
27 September First Marine Division landed on Ngesebus and Kongauru in the Palaus Islands, with the usual air and surface bombardment cover. Both islands were quickly secured.
30 September Military government was proclaimed on Angaur. Military government was set up on Kongauru and Ngesebus Islands.
  October 1944
8 October Marcus Island was bombarded by surface units of the Pacific Fleet. Elements of the 81st Infantry Division landed on Garakayo in the southern Palau Islands. The island was secured the following day.
9 October For the first time of the war, carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet attacked the Ryukyu Archipelago. The strikes were in great force. 46 enemy ships and 41 small craft were sunk. 20 ships were probably sunk; 20 ships damaged. 23 enemy aircraft were shot down, 59 destroyed on the ground; 37 were damaged on the ground. Ground installations were heavily damaged. Our losses: 8 aircraft.
10 October Troops of the 81st Infantry Division landed on Bairakaseru Island, Palau. There was no opposition. Our carrier planes attacked Luzon Island in force.
12 October Organized resistance on Peleliu ceased. Mopping up continued. Through 9 December, total Japanese casualties on Peleliu and Angaur were 13,354 killed, 433 taken prisoner.
11‑15 October Aircraft of a fast carrier task force struck Formosa in force 11‑13 October. Air battles ensued which lasted until the 15th. Enemy losses were: 416 aircraft destroyed; 32 ships sunk, 13 probably sunk, 55 damaged. We lost 66 aircraft. Ground installations were extensively damaged. (Following our carrier attacks on Formosa and Luzon, Tokyo announced a great Japanese victory, claiming 11 U. S. carriers were sunk, 6 damaged; 2 battleships sunk, 1 damaged; 3 cruisers sunk, 4 damaged etc. These figures were raised in a broadcast of 25 November to the following: 50 carriers, 20 battleships, 2 battleships or cruisers, 30 cruisers, 16 cruisers or destroyers, 7 destroyers and 22 unidentified craft sunk or damaged. See entry for October 17 below).
13 October Luzon was attacked by carrier aircraft. No airborne opposition.

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15 October  Carrier aircraft struck again at Manila Bay area. Ngulu Atoll, in the western Carolines, was occupied. Resistance was slight.
16 October Carrier aircraft attacked Manila area. Japanese losses were: 20 aircraft shot down, 30‑40 destroyed on the ground.
17‑18 October Carrier aircraft attacked northern Luzon and the Manila area. 56 enemy aircraft were destroyed; four ships were sunk, 23 damaged. Our losses were: 7 aircraft.
17 October The Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, announced that no U. S. battleship or aircraft carrier had been damaged in the Formosa and Luzon battles. Two medium sized ships had been damaged.
19 October Carrier aircraft of a fast carrier task force bombed, rocketed and strafed targets in the Visayas Group, Philippine Islands. U. S. 6th Army, under command of General MacArthur began landings on Leyte supported by the largest concentration of Allied forces yet assembled in the Pacific. This goaded the Japanese Navy to action. Three powerful enemy task forces converged on the landing beaches from the South China Sea and the Japanese home islands. Thus the stage was set for the Second Battle of the Philippine Sea.
20 October Carrier aircraft strafed and bombed enemy aircraft and shipping targets in the Philippine Islands.
22‑27 October Second Battle of the Philippine Sea. This was one of the decisive victories of the war in the Pacific. Enemy losses: 2 battleships, 4 carriers, 6 heavy cruisers, 3 light cruisers, 3 small cruisers or large destroyers, 6 destroyers. Severely damaged, may have sunk: 1 battleship, 5 cruisers, 7 destroyers. Damaged: 6 battleships, 4 heavy cruisers, 1 light cruiser, 10 destroyers. U. S. losses: Sunk: the light carrier Princeton; 2 escort carriers, the Saint 'Lo and the Gambier Bay; 2 destroyers, the Johnston and the Hoel; 1 destroyer escort, the Samuel B. Roberts; and a few lesser craft. Our units involved were from the 3rd and 7th Fleets. In this battle the Japanese fleet was divided into three forces: Force "A": 5 battleships, 10 heavy cruisers, 1 light cruiser, 13‑15 destroyers. Two heavy cruisers were sunk west of Palawan on the 22nd as Force "A" proceeded north. A third, damaged, turned back. On the 23rd, Force "A" was attacked by our carrier air­craft in the Mindoro Straits. 1 light cruiser was sunk. 1 battleship and 1 light cruiser were heavily damaged and turned back. Several other ships were hit. This force continued through the San Bernardino Straits on the 24th, however, and on that date was met by escort carriers and other light units of the 7th Fleet east of Samar. Aircraft of the 3rd Fleet entered the engage‑

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  ment about noon. At least one enemy heavy cruiser was sunk, 1 destroyer left dead in the water. The entire Japanese force turned back. Later in the day the force again was attacked by our aircraft, and a damaged cruiser was sunk by our surface units. On the 25th this fleeing force again was attacked by carrier aircraft and 1 heavy cruiser and 1 light cruiser were sunk and other vessels damaged. Force "B" : 2 battleships, 2 heavy cruisers, 7 destroyers and possibly 2 light cruisers. This force was attacked in the Sulu Sea on the 23rd by our carrier aircraft, and damaged. As it passed through Surigao Straits (night of October 24‑‑25) it was attacked by our force and all units sunk or decisively defeated.
  Force "C" : 1 carrier, 3 light carriers, 2 battleships with flight deck aft, 5 cruisers, 10 destroyers.‑ This force, proceeding southward off the east coast of Luzon, was surprised by our 3rd Fleet carrier planes early on the 24th. All carriers were sunk. 1 battleship with a flight deck aft was damaged, 2 cruisers or destroyers sunk. 1 damaged cruiser was sunk during the next night by a U. S. submarine.
28 October Carrier aircraft attacked southern Luzon and the Central Philippines. Enemy losses: 3 cargo vessels sunk, 1 cruiser probably sunk, 2 cruisers and 1 tanker damaged; 78 aircraft shot down, 12 destroyed on the ground.
  November 1944
1 November A carrier group of the 3rd Fleet was attacked in the western Pacific by enemy aircraft. Damage was inflicted on several ships. Ten of the attacking aircraft were destroyed.
4 November Carrier aircraft of the 3rd Fleet attacked Manila Harbor and five nearby airfields, 191 enemy aircraft were destroyed. Two enemy cruisers, 3 destroyers and several cargo ships were damaged.
5 November Carrier aircraft of the 3rd Fleet continued attacks on Luzon. In addition to the enemy's aircraft losses of 4 November, 249 aircraft were destroyed. 3 cargo vessels and an oiler were sunk. 6 other vessels were damaged. Ground installations were heavily damaged.
7‑8 November Approximately 200 Japanese landed on Ngeregong Island northeast of Peleliu where a small Marine patrol had previously landed. The Marines were evacuated without loss.
10 November Iwo Jima was bombarded by ships of the Pacific Fleet. Carrier aircraft of the 3rd Fleet attacked a 10‑ship enemy convoy just outside Ormoc Bay, destroying 7 ships, probably sinking 2 others, and damaging the other ship. 15 enemy aircraft were downed. We lost 9 aircraft.

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12 November Carrier aircraft attacked shipping in Manila Bay. 1 light cruiser, 4 destroyers, 11 cargo ships and oilers were sunk. 28 enemy aircraft were downed, 130‑140 strafed on the ground.
14 November Troops of the 81st Infantry Division reoccupied Ngeregong in the Palau Islands, which had been heavily attacked with bombs and gunfire. There was no resistance.
18 November Aircraft from a carrier task force struck shipping and airfields in and around Manila. 10 ships were damaged, 1 sunk; 100 enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground.
21 November Matsuwa in the Kuriles was bombarded by a Naval task force. Shore batteries did not reply.
24 November Carrier based aircraft of the 3rd Fleet attacked Luzon. 18 vessels were sunk; 16 were damaged. 87 enemy aircraft were destroyed. In the first B‑29 raid on Japan from our newly established super‑bomber base on Saipan, high explosives and incendiaries were poured on the Tokyo water­ front area and on the Musashina aircraft plant. (Prior to this raid, B‑29's based in the India‑China theater had attacked Japan six times, beginning with the first of such raids on 15 June 1944; and Major General James H. Doolittle's filers had struck Japan once with B‑26's taking off from the US$ Hornet, on 18 April 1942. 
  December 1944
6 December Japanese aircraft raided B‑29 base at Saipan. 6 enemy aircraft shot down. 1 B‑29 was destroyed, 2 damaged.
7 December A very heavy attack on Iwo Jima was carried out by a large force of B‑29's, together with 108 Liberators and 30 Lightnings. On the same day Naval surface units bombarded the island.
8 December CinCPac communiqué announced that Lt. General Millard F. Harmon had been assigned to command the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, including all shore‑based aircraft of the Pacific Ocean Areas normally employed on offensive missions.
11 December Great Britain announced that a British Pacific Fleet would be sent to the Pacific theater, under command of Admiral Sir Bruce Fraser, GCB, KBE. On the 19th it was announced that Fleet Admiral Nimitz and Admiral Fraser and their respective staffs were engaged in a series of conferences at Fleet Admiral Nimitz' head­ quarters.
13‑15 December Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet bombed and strafed harbor and airfield installations on Luzon. Enemy losses: 34 ships sunk, 36 damaged; 61 aircraft destroyed in the air, 208 destroyed on the ground. We lost 27 aircraft. 318

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15 December Army troops under General MacArthur Invaded Min­doro Island, South of Luzon, in the Philippines.
19 December Admiral C. W. Nimitz, CinCPac and CinCPoa, assumed the rank of a Fleet Admiral of the United States Navy.
20 December Organized resistance on Leyte has ended, according to announcement from General MacArthur's headquarters on Leyte.

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 708, JANUARY 1, 1945 

FLEET ADMIRAL NIMITZ VISITS FORWARD AREAS 

Fleet Admiral C. W. Nimitz, USN, Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, has within the last few days visited Eniwetok, Guam and Saipan, accompanied by Rear Admiral F. P. Sherman, USN, Deputy Chief of Staff, and Lieutenant Commander H. A. Lamar, USNR, aide to Fleet Admiral Nimitz.

Fleet Admiral Nimitz spent Christmas Day with the Fleet, dining with Admiral William F. Halsey, USN, Commander Third Fleet. The occasion was the first time the five‑star flag of a fleet admiral ever was broken aboard a battleship.

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 219, JANUARY 1, 1945 

Airstrip installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos were bombed by Libera­tors of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas on December 30 (West Longitude Date).

Marine Mitchell bombers scored rocket hits on a small coastal cargo ship which was left dead in the water near the Bonins on the same date.

Ammunition dumps and supply areas on Babelthuap in the Palaus were strafed and bombed by Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing on December 30. On the same date Marine Fighters sank four launches at Woleai in the Western Carolines and Marine torpedo planes bombed Yap in the same group.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on December 30 strafed targets on Rota in the Marianas.

Neutralizing attacks on enemy held bases in the Marshalls were continued on December 30 by airplanes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 565, JANUARY 2, 1945 

1. The submarine USS Harder is overdue from patrol and presumed lost. The next of kin of officers and crew have been informed.

2. The LSM 318 has been lost as the result of enemy action in the Philip­pine Area. Next of kin of fatalities and most other casualties have been notified and notification is en route to next of kin of other casualties.

3. The PT 300 has been lost as a result of enemy action in the Philippine Area. Next of kin of casualties have been informed.

4. The PT 311 was lost in the Mediterranean Area as the result of enemy action. Next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 220, JANUARY 2, 1945 

An enemy twin‑engined bomber attacked air installations on Saipan in the Marianas on January 1 (West Longitude Date), dropping a single bomb which caused no damage.

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, on December 31 bombed Iwo Jima in the Volcanos. Our aircraft struck at enemy air instal­lations and encountered moderate antiaircraft fire.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed fuel dumps and other targets on Babelthuap in the Palaus on December 31.

Targets on Rota in the Marianas were strafed by Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing fighters on the same date.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing Two aircraft continued neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on the same date. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 221, JANUARY 3, 1945 

Carrier‑aircraft of the United States Pacific Fleet struck at enemy instal­lations on Formosa and Okinawa Jima on January 2 (West Longitude Date). Details of the strike are not yet available.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed airstrip installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanoes on January 1. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. 

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Army bombers of the Strategic Air Force also struck at Okimura Town on Haha Jima in the Bonins on the same date.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing strafed Rota in the Marianas on January 1. On the same date our fighters shot down an enemy recon­naissance plane near Saipan.

Planes of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing struck at installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus and on Yap in the Western Carolines on the same date.

Neutralizing raids on enemy held bases in the Marshalls were continued by planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on January 1. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 222, JANUARY 4, 1945 

Carrier‑based aircraft of the United States Pacific Fleet attacked installa­tions on Formosa and Okinawa Jima on January 3 (West Longitude Date). Details of this strike and that of the previous day are not yet available.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed targets on Babelthuap in the Palaus and strafed Rota in the Marianas on January 2.

Search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two continued neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on the same date. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 566, JANUARY 5, 1945 

1. The destroyer USS Reid was recently lost as a result of enemy action in the Philippine Islands area. The next of kin of casualties have been in­formed. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 223, JANUARY 5, 1945 

Army Liberators and Lightnings of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, attacked airstrip installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on January 2 (West Longitude Date). On the following day Liberators of the same force bombed the same targets, encountering moderate antiaircraft fire and one enemy fighter.

On January 2 Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed enemy installations on Marcus Island.

Fighters and Torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing strafed and bombed an enemy power plant, supply dumps and other installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus on January 2 and 3. Marine Fighters also strafed targets on Sonsoral and Merir Islands southwest of the Palaus on the same date.

Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two and the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralizing attacks on enemy held bases in the Marshalls on Jan­uary 3. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 224, JANUARY 6, 1945 

Carrier‑based aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet destroyed 111 enemy aircraft and damaged 220 more in attacks on Formosa and on Okinawa in the Ryukyus on January 2 and 3 (West Longitude Date). Twenty‑seven ships were sunk and an additional sixty‑eight were damaged. The enemy offered ineffective air opposition to our aircraft. 

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Surface units of the U. S. Pacific Fleet bombarded enemy installations on Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonins on January 5.

Shelling was concentrated on facilities around the harbor of Futami go on Chichi Jima and on other targets in Okimura town and Higashi Harbor on Haha Jima. Fires were started in Okimura town and an enemy cargo ship was sunk west of Haha Jima. Answering the attack with meager gunfire, defending shore batteries inflicted minor damage on units of our forces. A single enemy fighter was observed airborne. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 225, JANUARY 6, 1945 

January 1, 3, and 4 (West Longitude Dates) Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed airstrip installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos.

Surface units of the United States Pacific Fleet bombarded coast defenses and airstrip installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on January 4. Numer­ous fires were observed on the island. Fire from enemy shore batteries was meager.

The following damage was inflicted on enemy shipping and installations on Formosa and Okinawa Jima by carrier‑based aircraft of the Pacific Fleet on January 2 and 3:

Sunk or Destroyed:

One large cargo ship west of Takao
One medium cargo ship at Keelung
One small cargo ship at Keelung
One patrol craft
Ten small coastal cargo ships
Eleven small craft

Damaged:

One destroyer
Four destroyer escorts
Six patrol craft
One landing ship
Two landing craft
Two large cargo ships
One medium cargo ship
Thirty‑four small cargo ships
Seven small craft

Ground installations destroyed on Formosa:

Eleven locomotives
Four tank cars and several trucks and freight cars

In sweeps over the island our aircraft destroyed a railway bridge over the Tamsui River, a railroad station at Okayama and buildings, warehouses, fuel and ammunition dumps on all parts of the island.

Seventeen of our aircraft were lost in combat.

Army infantry units occupied Fais Island east of Ulithi on January 2, against slight resistance. Eight of the enemy were killed and six captured. Our forces suffered losses of three killed and six wounded.

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Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked fuel storage facili­ties on Babelthuap in the Palaus on January 4. Marine torpedo planes bombed enemy installations on Yap.

On January 4 aircraft of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 711, JANUARY 6, 1945 

NAVAL AIR TRANSPORT EXTENDED TO LEYTE 

Jumping another thousand miles westward over the Central Pacific, sky freighters of the Naval Air Transport Service are daily flying into Leyte, it was disclosed 31 December 1944, by Captain D. W. Tomlinson, USNR, NATS­-Pacific commander, who said the new route was opened early in December.

One NATS plane a day‑a twin‑engine R4D similar to Douglas aircraft serving U. S. domestic airlines‑makes the long ocean hop from Manus in the Admiralties, via Peleliu, and offloading its war‑vital priority cargo and pas­sengers at Leyte in 30‑minute "turnaround" before taking oft for the return flight.

An official NATS‑Pac unit will be in full operation on the Philippine island on the first of the year, Captain Tomlinson declared, and it is expected that four‑engined Skymaster transports operated by the Pacific Wing will be sched­uled to enter Leyte soon from other forward bases.

The Leyte run follows NATS‑Pac's mission of serving Fleet and ground forces at the battle fronts with urgent cogs that keep the attack machine running smoothly.

Addition of the new 1000‑mile flight brings the Pacific Wings total route mileage to 31,000 miles, with at least 30 planes in the air every minute, day and night. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 226, JANUARY 7, 1945 

Carrier‑based aircraft of the United States Pacific Fleet attacked aircraft, shipping and installations in and around Luzon in the Philippines on January 5 (West Longitude Date). Preliminary and incomplete reports show that eight enemy aircraft were shot down, 19 were destroyed on the ground, and 14 were damaged on the ground. Details of damage to shipping and ground targets are not yet available.

Surface units of the Pacific Fleet bombarded installations at Suribachi on Paramushiru in the Kuriles on January 5 starting a number of fires. The enemy returned our fire but our forces suffered no damage.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanoes on January 5.

A supply dump and other material were destroyed on Babelthuap in the Palaus by strafing fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on the same date. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 721, JANUARY 8, 1945 

During the last week in December Fleet Admiral C. W. Nimitz, accom­panied by Rear Admiral Forrest Sherman and Commander H. A. Lamar, flew to the Philippines and conferred with General of the Army Douglas Mac­Arthur at his headquarters on various matters. 

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A visit of courtesy was also made to President Sergio Osmena at his tem­porary capital. 

JOINT STATEMENT, JANUARY 9, 1945 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti-submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

"The German U‑boat warfare flared into renewed activity during December 1944. This is but another index that the European war is far from over.

"Increased losses in Allied merchant craft have been officially re­corded, as a result of the U‑boats' spurt last month.

"Despite these, the United Nations regularly continue to supply their expanding armies over the world, enabling them to resist the attackers or drive back the foe. The Allies continue to sink the enemy undersea craft in widely‑separated parts of the Atlantic.

"The announcement of the recent landing of enemy agents from a U‑boat on the Maine coast is yet another indication that the menace of Germany's undersea fleet is real and continuing." 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 227, JANUARY 9, 1945 

On January 8 (West Longitude Date) carrier aircraft of the United States Pacific Fleet attacked Japanese aircraft installations and shipping in and round the islands of Formosa, Ishigaki and Miyako Jima in the Sakishima coup, and Okinawa. Details of the sea operations are not yet available. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 228, JANUARY 9, 1944 

Further reports of the attacks of aircraft from carriers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet which struck targets in and around Luzon in the Philippines on January and 6 (West Longitude Dates) and caused damage to the enemy are now available as follows: 

Aircraft:

Ten shot down.
Seventy‑four destroyed on the ground.
One Zero, three damaged on the ground.

All aircraft figures are in addition to those reported in communiqué No. 226.

Shipping destroyed, not previously reported:

Three medium cargo ships sunk.
Four small coastal cargo ships sunk.
Five luggers sunk.

Shipping damaged, not previously reported:

One large cargo ship.
Three medium cargo ships.
Nine small coastal cargo ships.
One tug and fifteen small craft.

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Many fires were started by the attacking aircraft. In sweeps over the island aircraft destroyed one locomotive, fifteen freight cars, forty‑six trucks, barracks, fuel supplies and other installations and damaged buildings and other facilities. Our forces lost fifteen airplanes in combat.

Partial reports from the Pacific Fleet show that the following damage was inflicted on the enemy by carrier‑based aircraft in the attack on Formosa Ishigaki, and Miyako Jima in the Sakishima Group, and Okinawa on January 8; 17 aircraft destroyed; 17 aircraft damaged; 14 small ships sunk; 17 small ships and luggers damaged; one large tanker left burning off Toshien, Formosa. The enemy offered no opposition in the air. Further details of this attack which was reported in communiqué No. 227 are not now available.

On January 7, Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed air installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanoes. Our aircraft encountered moderate antiaircraft fire but all returned safely.

Aircraft of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing Two encountered meager antiaircraft fire in neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on January 6 and 7. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 567, JANUARY 10, 1945

Pacific Area. 

1. The following craft have been lost in the Pacific Area recently as a result of enemy action:

4 landing craft (LST)
1 motor torpedo boat
1 small submarine chaser
1 small auxiliary vessel

2. The above, in addition to the loss of the destroyers USS Hull, USS Monaghan, and USS Spence, announced in a Navy Department Press Release today, together with losses previously announced in communiqués and press releases, covers all losses of surface craft during the Philippine campaign up to December 31, 1944. 

FEBRUARY 9, 1945 

Memorandums to the Press: 

The vessels announced lost in Navy Department communiqué No. 667, which were not identified, may now be identified as:

LST 750
LST 160
LST 738
LST 472
Motor Torpedo Boat 323
SC 744
The USS Porcupine, an auxiliary.

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JANUARY 10, 1945 

THREE  DESTROYERS LOST DURING PACIFIC TYPHOON 

While taking part in recent combat operations in the Western Pacific, three destroyers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet were lost and a number of vessels suffered damage during a typhoon of severe intensity which developed with great rapidity.

The importance of the operational situation was such that the operations in hand could not be suspended or altered because of weather conditions.

The ships lost were the USS Hull, Lieutenant Commander James Alexander Marks, USN, Commanding Officer; the USS Spence, Lieutenant Commander James Paul Andrea, USN, Commanding Officer; and the USS Monaghan, Lieutenant Commander Floyd Bruce Garrett, Jr., USN, Com­manding Officer.

A thorough search of the area by aircraft and surface vessels was con­ducted over a period of days. The Commanding Officer, four other officers and forty‑nine men of the Hull were rescued. Twenty‑four of the personnel of the Spence, including one officer of the Supply Corps, were saved. Six of the personnel of the Monaghan were rescued.

The next of kin of casualties of the Hull and Monaghan have been in­formed and those of the Spence will be notified by telegram as soon as In­formation becomes available.

A Court of Inquiry headed by Vice Admiral J. H. Hoover, USN, was duly convened by Fleet Admiral C. W. Nimitz, USN, to investigate all the circumstances. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 229, JANUARY 11, 1945 

On January 8 (West Longitude Date) Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed air installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos.

Suribachi on Paramushiru in the Kuriles was bombed by Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force on January 9. The enemy offered no opposition to the attack.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked enemy installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus on the same date.

Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered by Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing fighters in an attack on gun positions and the power plant on Nauru on January 9.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing also carried out neutralizing attacks on enemy held bases in the Marshalls on January 8 and 9. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 230, JANUARY 12, 1945 

Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet are now attacking the enemy off the coast of French Indo‑China between Saigon and Camranh Bay.

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 231, JANUARY 12, 1945 

Additional reports from forces of the United States Pacific Fleet which struck at targets along the coast of French Indo‑China on January 11 (West Longitude Date) show that our carrier aircraft attacked four convoys and other scattered units sinking a total of 25 ships including a Katori class light cruiser and several destroyers or destroyer escorts. Heavy damage was inflicted on 13 additional vessels.

Eighteen aircraft were observed airborne over Saigon of which our fighters shot down ten. A bomber off the Indo‑China coast and eight of five Zero planes at the Thanh Son Nhut air base north of Saigon were destroyed. Twenty flying boats and seaplanes in Camranh, Cat Lai near Saigon and Quinhon Harbor about 250 miles northeast of Saigon were also destroyed. At last reports our surface forces had suffered no damage and were continuing their attacks.

Conclusive evidence has been obtained which shows that on October 24, 1844, the Japanese battleship Musashi blew up and sank as the result of dam­age inflicted on her by aircraft attacks. These attacks were made by carrier aircraft from the Pacific Fleet Task Force commanded by Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher. The Musashi and her sister ship Yamato which was damaged by bombs during the same action were the two most powerful battleships in the Japanese Fleet.

On January 9 and 10 (West Longitude Dates) Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed airfield and other installa­tions on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos.

Torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked air installa­tions on Yap in the Western Carolines on January 10.

Marine fighter aircraft ranged over targets in the Palaus on the same date striking barges at Koror, destroying an ammunition dump on Babelthuap and striking other targets on Urukthapel Island.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing Fighters bombed boat facilities on Nauru through moderate antiaircraft fire on January 10.

On the same date Marine fighters and dive bombers made neutralizing attacks on enemy bases in the Marshalls. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 232, JANUARY 13, 1945 

Following the first carrier attacks in the vicinity of Saigon on January 11 (West Longitude Date) numerous fires were observed on shore especially at the Thanh Son Nhut Air Base and at Port Nhabe. Six transports were in­cluded in the ships sunk at Saigon. At least six ships were sunk in the Harbor of Quinhon.

Reports of the United States Pacific Fleet Carrier Aircraft strike against Formosa on January 8 (West Longitude Date) have now been amplified. They show that the following damage was inflicted on the enemy in addition to that reported for the same attack in communiqué Number 228: 

Shipping sunk:

Two destroyers or destroyer escorts
One oiler
One large cargo ship
Two medium cargo ships
Eighteen small craft

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communiqué number 228 reported that fourteen small ships not included in above had been sunk. This figure is now reduced to nine. 

Shipping damaged:

One destroyer
Five destroyer escorts
Two oilers
Five large cargo ships
Three medium cargo ships
Twenty‑eight small ships
Forty‑two small craft 

Aircraft:

Two zeros destroyed
Forty‑four damaged 

In addition to these aircraft our search and patrol planes shot down seven other enemy planes on January 9 and 10. 

Ground installations:

An ammunition dump and chemical plant destroyed at Keelung.
Two hangars, five locomotives and three tank cars destroyed at Heito.
Radio stations damaged at Giran.
An aluminum and nickel smelter damaged at Karenko.
Shops damaged at Tainan, Heito, Kobi and Toyhara.

Our forces lost four aircraft in combat during the attack on Formosa.

It can now be announced that heavy bomber units of the Seventh Army Air Force assisting the Far Eastern Air Force have been operating from the Palau Islands against targets in the Philippines in support of operations of the Commander in Chief Southwest Pacific. Army Liberators of the Seventh Air Force have been engaged In attacking the enemy on Luzon, Cebu, Negros and Nactan. In addition the same units have carried out attacks in the Palaus and Western Carolines. A summary of operations from November 1, 1944 to January 4, 1945 show that 1,375 tons of bombs have been dropped on enemy targets in 714 sorties. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 233, JANUARY 13, 1945 

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed airfield facilities near Kurabu Saki at the southern end of Paramushiru in the Kuriles on January 10 (West Longitude Date). Six enemy fighters were in the air and antiair­craft fire was encountered but all our aircraft returned safely.

On the following day Eleventh Air Force Mitchells strafed and bombed installations on Torishima Retto southeast of Paramushiru starting extensive fires. The enemy sent up meager antiaircraft fire. Liberators of the Eleventh Air Force on the same date struck at installations in Suribachi on Paramushiru meeting moderate antiaircraft fire. Four enemy fighters attacked of which one was damaged. All our aircraft returned safely from these operations.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed a building and supply dump on Babelthuap and bombed defenses on Urukthapel in the Palaus on January 11.

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CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 234, JANUARY 15, 1945 

Further reports from U. S. Pacific Fleet forces which struck at shipping and other targets along the coast of French Indo‑China on January 11 (West Longitude Date) show that our carrier based aircraft inflicted the following damage on the enemy. (This report includes damage previously reported in communiqué No. 231)

Sunk:

41 ships totaling about 127,000 tons.

Damaged:

28 ships totaling about 70,000 tons.

Enemy plane damage:

15 aircraft shot down.
77 aircraft destroyed on the ground.
20 aircraft destroyed on the water.
About 50 aircraft damaged on the ground.

Ground installations:

A large dock at Camranh Bay demolished.
6 oil tanks at Saigon destroyed.
Oil storage facilities, warehouses and buildings on Saigon River de­stroyed.
Seaplane hangar at Cat‑Lai destroyed.
Two locomotives at Quang‑Ngai destroyed.
Oil refineries in Saigon area damaged heavily and fires started in Saigon Navy Yard.

Our forces suffered losses of 16 planes in combat. 

While inflicting the damage listed above our aircraft sank a convoy of 1 oiler, 4 medium cargo ships, 2 destroyer escorts, and 4 coastal cargo ships in its entirety. A second convoy was all sunk or damaged and beached. It consisted of 1 light cruiser now believed to be Kashii, of the Katori‑class, 4 destroyer escorts, 4 oilers, 7 medium and 2 small cargo ships and 1 coastal ship. A third group of ships approaching Saigon from the south was attacked, an oiler sunk, and 1 large cargo ship, 1 medium cargo ship and 1 small coastal cargo ship damaged. At Camranh Bay a destroyer escort and a small cargo ship were sunk, and at Cape St. Jacques, 3 destroyer escorts, 1 oiler, 3 large cargo ships and a small cargo ship were sunk. Attacking the Saigon area heavily our planes sank a large oiler, a large troop transport, 2 medium cargo ships, a dismantled French light cruiser Lamotte Picquet and damaged a large cargo ship, 4 medium cargo ships and 2 coastal cargo ships. Along the coast our planes sank an additional medium cargo ship and damaged 5 small coastal cargo vessels.

On January 13 carrier‑based aircraft of the Pacific Fleet struck at targets in Formosa and along the China Coast including Amoy, Swatow and Hongkong. Details of these attacks are not now available.

Fires were started in storage areas on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos by bombs dropped by Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, on January 12 and 13. On the same date Marine Mitchells scored rocket hits on a small ship in Okimura Ko at Haha Jima in the Bonins.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked warehouses, de­fense positions, coastal defenses and a dry dock on Babelthuap and Urukthapel

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in the Palaus on January 12. Attacks on Babelthuap were repeated on the following day.

An enemy reconnaissance plane was shot down off Guam in the Marianas on January 13.

Sixty‑eight tons of bombs were dropped on installations on Truk in the Carolines by Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force on January 13. Escorting Lightning fighters shot down two defending enemy fighters and probably destroyed another.

Search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed targets on Wake Island through intense antiaircraft fire on January 12.

Neutralizing raids were continued by the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on enemy held bases in the Marshalls on January 12. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 235, JANUARY 16, 1945 

Carrier aircraft of the United States Pacific Fleet attacked shipping and other targets in Formosa and along the coast of China including Canton, Swatow and Hongkong on January 14 and 15 (West Longitude Dates).

Preliminary and incomplete reports show the following damage inflicted on the enemy on January 14: 

Sunk:

Nine ships totaling about 22,000 tons including one destroyer, one destroyer escort and one oiler. 

Damaged:

Nine ships.
Nine small vessels.
Enemy plane damage:
Sixteen aircraft shot down.
Eighteen aircraft destroyed on the ground.
Thirty‑eight aircraft damaged on the ground.

Ground Installations:

Warehouses, docks and seven locomotives destroyed at Takao, Formosa.
Buildings, ammunition dumps and other installations destroyed or damaged at Pratas Reef southeast of Hongkong.

Preliminary and incomplete reports show the following damage inflicted on the enemy on January 15: 

Sunk or damaged:

Shipping totaling about 82,000 tons including the 17,000 ton tanker Kamoi seen listing and two oilers seen burning. 

Enemy plane damage:

Seven aircraft shot down.
One aircraft destroyed on the ground.
Seven aircraft damaged on the ground.

Ground Installations:

Royal Navy and Taikoo, docks, harbor facilities and fuel storage areas in Hongkong and Canton heavily damaged. 

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Little air opposition was encountered by our aircraft over any of the targets. Over Hongkong and Canton there was none.

A Japanese reconnaissance plane was shot down by our aircraft off Tinian in the Marianas on January 14.

Neutralizing raids on enemy held bases in the Marshalls were continued by planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on January 14 and 15. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 568, JANUARY 18, 1945

Pacific and Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of twenty‑four enemy vessels, including four combatant vessels‑a destroyer and three escort craft-­as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters. The vessels sunk were:

1 destroyer
3 escort vessels
1 large cargo transport
2 large tankers
1 medium cargo transport
8 medium cargo vessels
2 medium tankers
1 medium transport
4 small cargo vessels
1 small tanker

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 236, JANUARY 1E, 1945 

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators and Lightning fighters operating under the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, attacked airstrip Installa­tions on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on January 15 (West Longitude Date).

Assurance has been received that no Frenchmen were lost in the sinking of the French light cruiser Lamotte Picquet, communiqué 234.

Enemy facilities on Rota in the Marianas were strafed and bombed by Marine Aircraft on the same date.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing fighters attacked installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus on January 15 and 16.

On January 16 Marine Torpedo planes and fighters struck at harbor facilities on Yap in the Western Carolines. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 237, JANUARY 19, 1945 

1. Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed targets on Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonins starting fires among installations on both islands on January 17 (West Longitude Date).

2. On the same date Army Liberators also attacked airstrip facilities on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos.

3. Marine Mitchells of the Strategic Air Force made rocket attacks on

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two small convoys north of the Bonins on January 18, scoring hits on a medium cargo ship and one other vessel. The attacks were met with moderate antiaircraft fire.

4. In operations over the China coast on January 13, 14 and 15, our forces lost 22 carrier‑based aircraft in combat. (communiqués No. 234‑236. )

5. On January 17, Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing fighters and torpedo planes attacked targets in and around Arakabesan.

6. Installations on Yap in the Western Carolines were struck by torpedo planes on the same date. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 238, JANUARY 20, 1945 

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, en­countered moderate antiaircraft fire while bombing airstrips on Marcus Island on January 15 (West Longitude Date).

During a rainstorm on the night of January 17 two barges carrying about 64 enemy troops landed on Peleliu Island from neighboring Japanese‑held bases in the Palaus. Forty‑nine of the attackers were killed, two taken prisoners and the remainder surrounded by our forces. At last reports no damage had been caused to our installations.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed installations on Urukthapel in the Palaus and struck at buildings and small craft at Merir and Sonsoral Islands southwest of the Palaus on January 17. On the following day Marine Corsairs sank a barge and a launch and struck a bridge on Babelthuap.

On January 18 Marine Torpedo planes bombed enemy installations on Yap in the western Carolines;

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Kurabu Saki at the southern end of Paramushiru in the Kuriles on January 19. Meager antiair­craft fire was encountered.

Neutralizing raids on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls were continued by planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on January 16. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 239, JANUARY 21, 1945 

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on January 18 ( West Longitude Date). Three enemy fighters rose to intercept our aircraft and one was shot down.

On the same date Army Liberators bombed harbor installations at Chichi Jima in the Bonins starting fires in barracks and warehouse areas.

On January 19 carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet shot down 16 enemy planes which were attempting to fly from Formosa to Luzon.

Ventura search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed bar­racks areas and a radio station on Wake Island on January 19. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Single Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Matsuwa and Onekotan Islands south of Paramushiru in the Kuriles on January 20.

Neutralizing raids on enemy held bases in the Marshalls were continued by planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on January 19.

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N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 569, JANUARY 22, 1945

Atlantic Area. 

1. The LST 359 has been lost in the Atlantic Area as the result of enemy action.

2. The next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 240, JANUARY 22, 1945 

On January 20 (West Longitude Date) carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet attacked the enemy air force, shipping and. installations in Formosa. Forty‑three Japanese aircraft were destroyed in aerial combat, 97 were de­stroyed on the ground, and approximately 100 more were damaged in attacks on the airdromes at Heito, Choshu, Matsuyama, Eiko, Kuputsua, Giran, Koshum and Taien. Intense antiaircraft fire was encountered at Takao. Reports of damage to enemy shipping are as yet incomplete, but at Takao two large ships and the docks and industrial area were left burning furiously. Considerable damage was inflicted on shipping at Keelung, Toshien and Nan Wan in Formosa, at Mako in the Pescadores and in the Sakishima Islands.

During this operation one of our major ships was damaged. Our aircraft losses were relatively light.

Eleventh Army Air Force planes attacked Kataoka Wan on the island of Shimushu in the northernmost Kuriles on the same day.

Docks and buildings on Yap were bombed and small craft at Babelthuap were destroyed by planes of Fleet Air Wing One on the same day.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing aircraft made neutralization raids on islands in the Marshall group. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 241, JANUARY 23, 1945 

On January 21 (West Longitude Date) a strong force of carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet attacked Okinawa in the Ryukyus. Reports of damage in­flicted are not yet available. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 242, JANUARY 25, 1945 

Surface units of the Pacific Fleet, aircraft of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, and B‑29's of the Twenty‑First Bomber Command. In a coordinated action on January 23 (West Longitude Date) attacked Iwo Jima. A sizeable force of Liberators dropped more than 70 tons of explosives on air installations and shipping, starting fires visible 15 to 20 miles away. B‑29's dropped 117 tons of bombs on the airfield areas. Three of our planes were damaged, and one was lost but most of its crew were rescued. There was no interception by enemy planes. Antiaircraft fire was meager. Our surface units inflicted severe damage on island installations. One enemy cargo vessel exploded and two others were left burning.

On the same day planes of the Eleventh Army Air Force attacked Paramushiru. Three enemy planes were shot down. One of our planes was lost. 

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Planes of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed two warehouses at Babelthuap and damaged harbor installations at Yap in the Palaus on January 23. The Palau area was attacked previously on January 21 at which time one of our planes was lost but the pilot rescued. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 570, JANUARY 27, 1945

Far Eastern Waters. 

1. United States submarines operating in Far Eastern Waters have re­ported sinking 21 enemy vessels, including one light cruiser. The enemy vessels sunk were:

1 light cruiser
1 large tanker
1 large cargo transport
1 medium auxiliary
9 medium cargo vessels
1 medium tanker
3 small cargo transports
4 small cargo vessels 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 243, JANUARY 27, 1945 

An estimated 60,000 thus of Japanese shipping in Formosa ports was destroyed and 65,000 tons damaged in attacks by Pacific Fleet carrier aircraft on January 20 (West Longitude Date). Among enemy ships sunk were: 

Six oilers and four medium cargo ships 

Among ships damaged were:

Three destroyers
One large troop transport
Four large oilers
One large cargo ship
One medium cargo ship 

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed installations and the airfield areas on Iwo Jima on January 24. Several fires were started. Antiaircraft fire was meager. Only one enemy plane intercepted our bombers.

Planes of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked installations at Babelthuap and in the Yap area on the same day. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 244*, JANUARY 28, 1945 

A recapitulation of damage inflicted on enemy shipping in and around Formosa on January 20 (West Longitude Date) by aircraft of the United States Pacific Fleet is as follows: (Including damage reported in Communiqué No. 240. )

_____________

*First communiqué to be released at Advance Headquarters by Admiral Nimitz. See CINCPOA Press Release No. 4, February 7, 1945. 

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Sunk: Sixty thousand tons, including six oilers, two medium cargo vessels previously damaged, one medium cargo vessel, two small coastal cargo ships, four luggers, one medium cargo ship.

Damaged: Sixty‑five thousand tons, including one large transport, two large oilers, one large cargo ship, three luggers, one destroyer, two medium cargo ships, four small coastal cargo ships.

Aircraft destroyed or damaged: 47 shot down, 102 destroyed on the ground, 162 damaged on the ground.

In attacks in and around Okinawa Jima in the Nansei Shoto, aircraft of the Pacific Fleet inflicted the following damage on the enemy on January 21:

(Attack reported in communiqué No. 241.) 

Sunk: 4 ships, 25 vessels. 

Damaged: 5 ships, 36 small vessels. 

Aircraft destroyed or damaged: 28 planes burned on the ground, 40 planes damaged on the ground. 

The two‑day operations cost our forces 15 carrier aircraft lost in combat. 

Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four made rocket and machine gun attacks on radio and lighthouse installations on Shimushu in the Kuriles on January 25. On the same day Eleventh Army Air Force Mitchells bombed installations on Torishima in the same group. Eight enemy fighters were encountered by the Army bombers which probably destroyed two and damaged four others. All our aircraft returned safely.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos through moderate antiaircraft fire on January 25.

Two enemy fighters were seen in the air.

On January 24 and 25 torpedo planes and fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed enemy installations on Yap in the Western Carolines.

On January 25, Marine aircraft destroyed a building and bridge on Urukthapel in the Palaus, sank a barge near Babelthuap, and bombed Sonsoral Island southeast of the Palaus.

Neutralizing raids were continued by planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on January 26. 

CINCPOA* PRESS RELEASE NO. 1, JANUARY 28, 1945 

Fleet Admiral C. W. Nimitz, U. S. Navy, Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, today sent the following message to Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr., USN, Commander, Third Fleet; Vice Admiral Charles A. Lock­wood, Jr., USN, Commander, Submarine Force, and Lieutenant General Millard F. Harmon, USA, Commanding General, Army Air Forces, Pacific Ocean Areas 

"The Third Fleet in the last four months has hit the enemy hard in the Philippines, the Ryukyu Islands, Formosa, Indo‑China and South China. It has demolished and damaged aircraft, ships and land objectives to a degree which has materially reduced Japan's ability to make war.

_______________ 

*CINCPOA‑United States Pacific Fleet and Pacific Areas, Advanced Headquarters. See CINCPOA Press Release No. 4, February 7, 1945.

335

It has paved the way for and covered the Philippine re‑occupation. It has written proud pages, in our nation's history.

"Submarines of the Pacific Fleet and the Army Air Forces in China and in the Pacific Ocean Areas have provided extremely effective cooperation and support and have continued to destroy the enemy wherever found.

"Well done to the officers and men of these gallant fighting forces." 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 245, JANUARY 29, 1945 

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, en­countered moderate antiaircraft fire over Iwo Jima in the Volcanos while bombing air installations on the island on January 26 (West Longitude Date). One of our planes suffered a hit by a 75 millimeter projectile but all our air­craft returned safely. One of two enemy fighters opposing our force was shot down. On the following day Liberators again bombed the island. This mission marked the fifty‑second day in succession that Seventh Army Air Force bombers, operating under the Strategic Air Force, have attacked Iwo Jima an average of twenty‑eight aircraft per day bombing the island.

On the night of January 26, Marine Mitchells of Victor Mike Baker 61 swept over the Bonins and Volcanos attacking a small coastal cargo ship from low altitude. On the following night the Marine bombers attacked a convoy near the Bonins damaging a destroyer. An attack was also made on a destroyer and medium cargo ship near the Volcanos and rocket hits were scored on both targets. Another destroyer south of the Bonins was left dead in the water by our aircraft which scored four hits causing explosions aboard the ship. This shipping search marked the fifty‑fourth consecutive night on which aircraft of this squadron have carried out harassing flights against enemy shipping in the Bonins Volcanos area.

Fighters and bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing sank a barge near Babelthuap in the Palaus on January 26 and bombed and strafed shore installations in the same area on the following day.

Harbor installations and shore facilities on Yap in the western Carolines were attacked with bombs and rockets by Marine aircraft on the same dates. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 246, JANUARY 30, 1945 

More than 40 tons of bombs were dropped on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos by Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, on Jan­uary 28 (West Longitude Date). An explosion was observed on an airstrip and several fires were started in storage areas.

Liberators of the same force bombed Marcus Island on the same date.

Night flying Marine Mitchells of the Strategic Air Force, struck at ship­ping around the Bonins and Volcanos on January 29. Hits scored with rockets caused large explosions on a large enemy cargo ship and a medium cargo ship in the Bonins.

On January 28 fighters and torpedo aircraft of the Fourth Marine Air­craft Wing attacked shore and harbor installations on Yap in the Western Carolines.

Facilities on Babelthuap in the Palaus were attacked by Marine Aircraft on January 29.

336

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 571, FEBRUARY 1, 1945

Pacific Area. 

1. The minesweepers USS Hovey and USS Palmer and the LST 759 have been lost in the Philippine Area as the result of enemy action.

2. The next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 572, FEBRUARY 1, 1945 

1. The submarine USS Growler is overdue from patrol and presumed lost.

2. Next of kin of officers and crew have been informed. 

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 2, FEBRUARY 1, 1945 

Chance Vought Corsair fighter aircraft have successfully completed their first regular operation from U. S. Navy aircraft carriers against the enemy in wartime.

These aircraft, which bear the official Navy designation of F4U‑1D, formed a portion of the fighter aircraft units used in the sustained fleet opera­tions against the Philippines, the coast of French Indo‑China, the coast of South China, Formosa and the Ryukyu Islands, which began on 2 January 1945 (West Longitude Date).

The Corsair squadrons were flown and commanded by officers of the U. S. Marine Corps. Their performance contributed materially to the success which the U. S. Pacific Fleet achieved. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 573, FEBRUARY 2, 1945 

1. The LST reported in Navy Department communiqué No. 571 should have been identified as the LST 749. The LST 749 was lost in operations in the Philippine Area. The LST 759 has not been lost. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 574, FEBRUARY 2, 1945

Far East. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of ten enemy vessels as a result of operations in these waters. The ships sunk were:

2 medium cargo transports
2 medium tankers
3 small cargo vessels 1 large transport
1 medium transport 1 small tanker

2. These sinkings have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

337

FEBRUARY 2, 1945 

JAPANESE SHIP LOSS RATE INCREASES 

Announcing the sinking or damaging of Japanese shipping at a rate in excess of 50 vessels a week since June 19, 1944, Navy Department and CinCPac communiqués show that more enemy vessels have been sunk and damaged in the Pacific since the First Battle of the Philippine Sea last year than had been reported from December 7, 1941, up to that time.

Fleet and sir units operating under the command of the Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet, have accounted for a major part of the enemy shipping listed in the tabulations, while submarines operating under the same command accounted for the remainder.

The recapitulation reveals that 152 combatant ships have been definitely sunk during that period, the same number that had been sent to the bottom in the period from December 7, 1941, to June 19, 1944.

The complete box score follows: 

COMBATANT SHIPS
Sunk Probably Sunk Damaged Totals
12/7/41 6/19/44 12/7/41 6/19/44 12/7/41 6/19/44 12/7/41 6/19/44
6/19/44 2/2/45 6/19/44 2/2/45 6/19/44 2/2/45 6/19/44 2/2/45
152 152 31 39 159 105 342 296
NON‑COMBATANT SHIPS
719 759 52 65 270 605 1041 1429
TOTALS
871 911 83 104 429 710 1383 1725

The Grand Total is 3,108 ships sunk, probably sunk or damaged. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 247, FEBRUARY 2, 1945 

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on January 30 (East Longitude Date). Our air­craft were opposed by three enemy fighters of which one was damaged.

On January 30 Army bombers of the same force bombed airstrip installa­tions on Woleai in the Western Carolines.

Avenger Torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed a building and bombed harbor installations on Yap in the Western Carolines on January 31.

Corsair fighters on the same force sank two barges by bombing near Babelthuap in the Palaus on the same date.

338

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 248, FEBRUARY 2, 1945 

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed enemy airfield installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on January 31 (East Longitude Date). Four enemy fighters were airborne over the target. On the following day the Army bombers again attacked the Island causing fires which were visible for thirty miles.

Marine Mitchells of the Strategic Air Force during nightly harassing attacks against enemy shipping around the Bonins and Volcanos since Decem­ber 6 have damaged twelve ships and probably destroyed one other.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed harbor Installa­tions at Yap in the Western Carolines on January 31 and February 1.

Coast defenses on Urukthapel in the Palaus were bombed by Marine Air­craft on January 31. On the night of the same date Marine Hellcats bombed Arakabesan, Koror  and Babelthuap in the same group. An explosion and a large fire were observed on Arakabesan after the attack. Targets on the same islands were attacked again on February 1. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 575, FEBRUARY 5, 1945 

1. The submarine USS Tang is overdue from war patrol and presumed lost.

2. Next of kin of officers and crew have been informed. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 249, FEBRUARY 5, 1945 

Navy search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four made machine gun and rocket attacks on buildings and radio installations at Kurabu Saki on Para­mushiru and at Shimushu in the Kuriles on February 3 (East Longitude Date). All our aircraft returned safely.

On February 2 Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed air installations and storage areas on Iwo Jima in the Vol­canos. On the following day Army Liberators, Lightning fighters and Navy search Liberators attacked the island through intense antiaircraft fire which destroyed one of our fighters over the target. Seven enemy fighters were in the air.

Harbor installations at Chichi Jima in the Bonins were bombed by Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force on February 3.

Airplanes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked installations on Yap in the Western Carolines and on Babelthuap in the Palaus on February 3.

Marine aircraft bombed installations on Rota in the Marianas on the same date. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 250, FEBRUARY 6, 1945 

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed storage and barracks areas on Haha Jima in the Bonins on February 4 (East Longitude Date).

On February 4 and 5, Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force attacked targets on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed barges and build­ings in the Palaus on February 4 and 5. 

339

Marine torpedo planes destroyed a pier and buildings on Yap in the Western Carolines on February 5.

Mitchell bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed airfield installations and destroyed a building on Ponape in the Carolines on Feb­ruary 6. The attack was made through intense antiaircraft fire. One of our aircraft was lost.

Neutralizing attacks on enemy held bases in the Marshalls were con­tinued on February 5 by Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 251, FEBRUARY 7, 1945 

Marine Mitchells of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, attacked shipping in and around the Bonins and Volcanos on the night of February 6 (East Longitude Date). A large ship in a convoy north of the Volcanos was hit with rockets and a second ship in a convoy north of the Bonins was left smoking after an explosion aboard caused by rocket attacks.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed barracks and other installations at Chichi Jima and Ototo Jima in the Bonins on the same date. Three enemy fighters were seen airborne over the targets.

The enemy base at Kataoka on Shimushu in the Kuriles was bombed by Eleventh Army Air Force Liberators on February 6.

Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed a bridge, set trucks afire and struck defense positions on Babelthuap in the Palaus on February 6.

A pier and bridge on Yap in the Western Carolines were hit by Marine fighters and torpedo planes on the same date.

On February 6, Marine fighters bombed enemy installations on Rota in the Marianas, 

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 4, FEBRUARY 7, 1945 

Fleet Admiral C. W. Nimitz, U. S. Navy, and the plans and operations elements of his staff have moved to Advance Headquarters of the U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas in the Forward Area.

The first communiqué to be released at Advance Headquarters by Admiral Nimitz was Number 244, issued on 28 January 1945. Transfer of the personnel and equipment to the advance headquarters was made without incident by surface units of the fleet and by naval aircraft.

Present with Fleet Admiral Nimitz at his advance headquarters are Vice Admiral C. H. McMorris, U. S. Navy, Chief of Staff, and Rear Admiral For­rest Sherman, U. S. Navy, Deputy Chief of Staff. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 252, FEBRUARY 8, 1945 

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on February 6 and 7, (East Longitude Date).

Army bombers of the same force attacked Okimura Town on Haha Jima n the Bonins on February 7. Three large fires were observed. 

340

Woleai in the Western Carolines was bombed from high altitude by Army bombers of the Strategic Air Force on February 7 and shore installations on Yap in the same group were bombed by torpedo aircraft of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on the same date. Marine aircraft bombed and strafed targets on Ponape in the Carolines on the following day.

Marine planes attacked installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus on February 7.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing fighters strafed targets on Rota in the Marianas on February 7.

Planes of Fleet Air Wing Two continued neutralizing attacks on enemy-held bases in the Marshalls on February 8. 

JOINT STATEMENT, FEBRUARY 9, 1945 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti­submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

"Throughout January the enemy's U‑boat activity was slightly greater than in December, but losses of merchant shipping were not substantially different. The U‑boats making use of their new devices penetrated further into focal areas of shipping close in shore. Results of our counter‑measures have been encouraging." 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 253, FEBRUARY 10, 1945 

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on February 8 (East Longitude Date). Our aircraft were attacked by three enemy fighters of which one was destroyed. One of our bombers was lost.

Eleventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Kataoka on Shimushu in the Kuriles on February 8. All of our aircraft returned safely.

On the same date Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked targets on Babelthuap in the Palaus and destroyed a bridge on Yap in the Western Carolines.

Marine Hellcats and Corsairs bombed and strafed enemy installations on Rota in the Marianas on February 8. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 254, FEBRUARY 10, 1945 

Rockets bearing Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four struck radio and light­house installations at Kokutan Zaki at the northern tip of Shimushu in the Kuriles on February 8 (East Longitude Date).

More than sixty tons of bombs were dropped on Iwo Jima in the Vol­canos by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators operating under the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, on February 9. On the following day Army Lightnings of the Strategic Air Force swept the island and destroyed four bombers and three fighters on the ground and damaged another bomber on the ground. An enemy destroyer was strafed by our aircraft. One of our fighters was lost in the attack.

Warehouses and buildings on Babelthuap in the Palaus were damaged 

341

by fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on February 9. On the same date harbor installations on Yap in the Western Carolines were set ablaze by Marine aircraft.

Venturas of Fleet Air Wing One bombed the airstrip on Puluwat in the Western Carolines on February 10. 

FEBRUARY 10, 1945 

NAVY DEPARTMENT STEPS UP ACTIVITY IN PREPARING TO PROSECUTE WAR CRIMES 

Rear Admiral Thomas L. Gatch, Judge Advocate General of the Navy, announced today that the Navy Department is expanding its participation with the Army in preparing for the prosecution of war criminals.

An augmented staff, including representatives of the Navy, the Marine Corps and the Coast Guard, is being assigned under Lieutenant Commander James J. Robinson, USNR., Director of the Navy Division of the War Crimes Office, to assemble evidence, interview witnesses and prepare trial briefs in the War Crimes Office in Naval and other cases involving cruelties, atrocities and acts of oppression against members of the United States armed forces and other Americans.

"Bringing to justice international gangsters and their underlings has always been a special concern of the United States Navy," Rear Admiral Gatch said in describing the Navy's purposes in the expansion of this activity. "In fact," he continued, "the Navy was recreated after the Revolution to wipe out the Barbary pirates in order to protect American lives and property from those ransom racketeers.

"The Navy has always been a principal instrument for maintaining in­ternational law and order. We believe in justice. We shall do everything within our power to see that the evidence collected is true evidence and that the trials will be just. The accused will be given full opportunity to know the charges leveled against him and a fair chance to present his defense.

"In gathering evidence of war crimes our chief interest is the Navy's desire to protect its own and to serve all other Americans. To do this we believe we should be prepared so that the trials of war criminals can be held as speedily as conditions will permit."

The War Crimes Office was established last Fail by Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson in cooperation with Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal. It is under the general supervision of Major General Myron C. Cramer, the Judge Advocate General of the Army, and is directed by Brigadier General John M. Weir. The office is located in the Munitions Building. The Navy Division, under Lieutenant Commander Robinson, reports directly to Rear Admiral Gatch, the Judge Advocate General of the Navy, and to Brigadier General Weir.

The Navy has been at work assembling data regarding war crimes before and since the organization last year in London of the United Nations War Crimes Commission.

Early last year Rear Admiral Gatch, acting in conjunction with Fleet Admiral (then Admiral) Ernest J. King, USN, Chief of Naval Operations, designated Lieutenant Commander Robinson to serve as the Navy's representa­tive in war crimes matters.

342 

The work of the war Crimes Office, in which the Navy Division partici­pates with the Army, includes the following activities:

1. Investigation of alleged war crimes, securing evidence and statements of witnesses.
2. Organization of evidence and preparation of files of alleged war criminals.
3. Drafting charges and specifications, and trial briefs.
4. Assisting in trials and other details of prosecution.
5. Organization to carry out sentences.

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 255, FEBRUARY 11, 1945 

Marine Mitchells of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, made rocket attacks on a medium size tanker and a large cargo ship north of Iwo Jima in the Volcanos in the early morning hours of February 10 (East Longi­tude Date). Explosions were observed aboard both ships. Our aircraft were opposed by night fighters and by intense antiaircraft fire.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed Haha Jima in the Bonins on February 10 through intense antiaircraft fire; results were un­observed. One of our aircraft was shot down over the target.

Shore installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus were attacked by fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on February 10.

On the same date Marine fighters strafed targets on Rota in the Marianas. 

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 5, FEBRUARY 11, 1945 

Vice Admiral George D. Murray, USN, Commander Air Forces, Pacific Fleet, has revealed that during Pacific Fleet Carrier operations from June 11 to October 30, 1944, Japanese aircraft losses in aerial combat were 2472 against 123 of our own, a ratio of approximately 20 to 1.

Admiral Murray attributed this ratio to a combination of the Navy's superior pilot training program and of our sturdy and well‑designed aircraft.

The period of operations includes the First and Second Battles of the Philippines Sea, the air assault on the Bonin Islands, the Palau invasion, and the Leyte phase of the Philippines invasion during which carrier aircraft were pitted against Japanese land‑based air power operating from scores of air strips on the Nansei Shoto, Formosa and the Philippines.

These figures are solely those of aerial combat‑plane against plane in the air. They do not include planes shot down by antiaircraft fire.

Included in the total of 123 planes lost by our forces are aircraft which were able to return to the vicinity of our forces or bases, and even were landed aboard our aircraft carriers, but which were so badly damaged they were junked. The enemy total of 2472 includes only those aircraft confirmed to have been seen crashing, or to have been abandoned by pilot and crew.

Of the 123 planes lost by our forces, a substantial number of the pilots were rescued.

The totals of 2472 Jap planes lost against 123 of our own includes all types of planes, including both fighters and bombers.

"This highly favorable score can be attributed to a combination of the superior naval pilot training program and our sturdy and well‑designed air­craft," Admiral Murray said.

343

"Despite the difficulties inherent in mass training of large numbers of students, there has been no deterioration of quality. Our young men gaining their Naval Aviator's wings today take their place among the best in the world" 

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 6, [sic] 

The Advance Headquarters of Fleet Admiral C. W. Nimitz, U. S. Navy, Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, have been established at Guam in the Marianas Islands. Elements of his planning and operations staff are present on the island with Fleet Admiral Nimitz. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 256, FEBRUARY 12, 1945 

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, heavily bombed airfield installations and other targets on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on February 11 (East Longitude Date). Five enemy aircraft were observed in the air.

On the same date Army bombers of the Strategic Air Force attacked Marcus Island with unobserved results.

Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing One bombed Truk in the Carolines on February 11. Two enemy aircraft were airborne over the target.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing sank a barge and set nine others ablaze and destroyed six trucks on Babelthuap in the Palaus on February 11. Attacks were also made on targets on Arakabesan in the same group. Installations on Yap in the Western Carolines were bombed by Marine aircraft on the same date.

Marine Fighters attacked targets on Rota in the Marianas on February 11. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 576, FEBRUARY 13, 1945

Pacific Area. 

1. The escort carrier USS Ommaney Bay and the minesweeper USS Long have been lost in the Philippine Area as the result of enemy action.

2. The next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 257, FEBRUARY 13, 1945 

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed airfield installations and antiaircraft positions on Iwo Jima in the Volcanos on February 12 (East Longitude Date).

On the same date bombers of the same force struck at Naval installations on Chichi Jima and at Me! Jima in the Haha Jima Group in the Bonins. Re­sults were unobserved.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed one building and damaged another on Babelthuap in the Palaus on February 12. Marine fighters and torpedo bombers struck dock installations on Yap in the Western Carolines on the same date. 

344

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 577, FEBRUARY 14, 1945

Far East

1. United States submarines have reported the sinking of 31 enemy ves­sels, including a converted light cruiser and two small warships, as a result of operations in these waters. The ships sunk were:

14 medium cargo vessels
1 small transport
7 small cargo vessels
1 converted light cruiser
1 converted gunboat
2 medium tankers
1 small cargo transport
1 medium cargo transport
1 escort vessel
1 large cargo transport
1 small tanker

2. These sinkings have not been announced in any previous Navy De­partment communiqué. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 258, FEBRUARY 14, 1945 

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators operating under the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed enemy installations on Iwo Jima with unobserved results on February 13 (East Longitude Date).

On the same day bombers of the same force made attacks on Haha Jima in the Bonins.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked targets on Koror  and Arakabesan in the Palaus starting a fire on Koror. On the same day Marine aircraft attacked Yap through intense antiaircraft fire destroying two buildings. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 259, FEBRUARY 15, 1945 

Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher in command of a powerful task force of the Pacific Fleet is now attacking enemy aircraft, air bases and other military targets in and around Tokyo.

This operation has long been planned and the opportunity to accomplish it fulfills the deeply cherished desire of every officer and man in the Pacific Fleet.

Surface units of the Pacific Fleet are bombarding Iwo Jima. Aircraft of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, are bombing Iwo Jima and nearby positions in the Bonins.

The fleet forces are under the tactical command of Admiral R. A. Spruance, Commander Fifth Fleet. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 260, FEBRUARY 16, 1945 

Carrier aircraft of the Fifth Fleet are continuing to attack the Tokyo area.

Preliminary reports indicate that substantial damage was inflicted on enemy installations on Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands. In spite of adverse weather conditions during the bombardment by battleships and cruisers of

345

the Pacific Fleet on February 16, our carrier aircraft set two luggers ablaze and three bombers were probably destroyed on the ground. A Kingfisher sea­plane from one of the cruisers in the bombardment force shot down a Zero landplane fighter. One of our aircraft was destroyed by enemy antiaircraft fire but the pilot was rescued. Enemy shore batteries which fired on the bombardment group were silenced by the guns of the fleet. The bombardment is continuing.

On February 15, Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed Iwo Jima in the Volcanos and Chichi Jima in the Bonins.

On the same date, Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force and Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing One struck the airfields in Truk Atoll. Two enemy fighters and moderate antiaircraft fire were encountered. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 261, FEBRUARY 17, 1945 

Further reports on the attacks on Tokyo by aircraft of the Fifth Fleet under Admiral R. A. Spruance on February 16 and 17 (East Longitude Dates) are unavailable.

Bombardment of Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands by battleships and cruisers of the Pacific Fleet is continuing. On February 17 carrier aircraft and Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed targets on the island through intense antiaircraft fire. One of our ships was damaged during the attack by shore based gunfire which was intense.

Five aircraft were strafed on the ground at Chichi Jima in the Bonin Islands and eighteen small craft were strafed and an ammunition barge ex­ploded at Haha Jima in the same group on February 17. Enemy antiair­craft fire was intense over both targets. Ship's antiaircraft batteries shot down two enemy planes.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed Marcus Island on February 16.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked targets on Babel­thuap in the Palaus and on Yap in the Western Carolines on the same date. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 262, FEBRUARY 18, 1945 

Battleships' gunfire damaged defensive installations including three heavily casemated coastal guns knocked out and probably three more damaged during a heavy bombardment of shore defenses on Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands on February 18 (East Longitude Date). The island was under fire of heavy units of the United States Pacific Fleet throughout the day. The bombard­ment of Iwo Jima on February 16‑17, and 18 was under the immediate tactical direction of Rear Admiral W. H. P. Blandy, USN

Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet damaged sixteen small ships and barges at Chichi Jima in the Bonin Islands on the same date. Four planes were damaged on the ground by strafing attacks and three aircraft at the island seaplane base were strafed. Our planes met intense antiaircraft fire.

Bombing from low altitude Seventh Army Air Force Liberators operat­ing under the Strategic Air Force attacked airfield and defense installations on Iwo Jima on February 17 setting large fires. Antiaircraft fire was intense.

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force and Navy search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One attacked the airdrome on Marcus Island on February 18.

346

On the same date aircraft of the same forces attacked airfields of the Truk Atoll meeting only two enemy fighters which were not aggressive.

Corsairs of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and damaged a pier, warehouses and other targets on Babelthuap in the Palaus on February 16. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 578, FEBRUARY 20, 1945

Pacific Area. 

1. The YMS 48 has been lost in the Philippine area as a result of enemy action.

2. The next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 579, FEBRUARY 20, 1945

Pacific Theater. 

1. The PT 73 and PT 338 have been lost in the Philippine Area as the result of grounding. There were no casualties.

2. The USS PC 1129 has been lost in the Philippine Area as the result of enemy action. The next of kin of casualties have been notified. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 263, FEBRUARY 19, 1945 

The U. S. Pacific Fleet achieved a decisive victory over the enemy in attacks on Tokyo on February 16 and 17 (East Longitude Dates).

Approaching the enemy coast under cover of weather so adverse as to handicap enemy air operations complete tactical surprise was accomplished by our forces and the following damage was inflicted on the enemy: 

Aircraft:

332 airplanes shot out of the air.
177 airplanes definitely destroyed on the ground.
At least 159 airplanes were probably destroyed or damaged on the first day. 

An unknown number were damaged on the second day. 

Shipping:

One escort carrier was bombed and set on fire. She went down by the bow and was left lying on her side at Yokohama.
9 coastal vessels sunk
One destroyer sunk
Two destroyer escorts sunk
One cargo ship sunk
22 coastal vessels damaged.
Numerous picket ships destroyed by aircraft and surface forces In­cluding one which was rammed by one of our destroyers. 

Ground installations: 

Hangars, shops and other installations destroyed at numerous air­fields. Ota Aircraft Factory damaged. Musashine Tama and Tachigawa engine plants heavily bombed. 

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Our forces lost 49 planes in the attack. Between 30 and 40 pilots were lost. All enemy efforts to attack our task force were turned back by our effective combat air patrols before they reached our ships. None of our ships suffered damage from enemy ace fighters who were unaggressive and avoided our fighter aircraft.

Compiling this record of damage done the forces under command of Admiral R. A. Spruance, USN, Commander, Fifth Fleet and Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, USN, in tactical command of the carrier forces have won a victory as historic as it is decisive in the heart of the enemy's defenses. The airmanship of our Naval aviators was superior to every test the enemy and adverse weather could offer.

The Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet, concurs in the following message which was sent to the carrier task force by Admiral Spruance: "Congratula­tions to all hands on a superlatively well‑done job. Only courage, skill and intelligent team work by every member of Task Force Fifty Eight could have produced these historic results in spite of opposition by both enemy and weather. I know that our future operations will hurt the enemy even more." 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 264, FEBRUARY 19, 1945 

United States Marines supported by heavy units of the U. S. Pacific Fleet and by shore based and carrier aircraft have landed on Iwo Island in the Volcano Islands.

The landings were made by the Fifth Amphibious Corps which includes the Fourth and Fifth Marine Divisions after heavy bombardment by battle­ships, cruisers and lighter units of the Pacific Fleet and sustained bombing by substantial forces of Navy carrier aircraft and also by Army bombers of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, which is under the command of Lieutenant General M. F. Harmon, U. S. Army.

Vice Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner, U. S. Navy, Commander Amphibious Forces, U. S. Pacific Fleet, is in overall command of the Amphibious Forces involved in the operation.

Expeditionary troops are under the command of Lieutenant General Hol­land M. Smith, U. S. Marine Corps, Commanding General Fleet Marine Force Pacific. Major General Harry Schmidt, U. S. Marine Corps, Is Commanding General of the Fifth Amphibious Corps. The Fourth Marine Division 13 under command of Major General Clifton B. Cates, U. S. Marine Corps, and the Fifth Marine Division under the command of Major General Keller E. Rockey, U. S. Marine Corps.

The Naval forces which prepared the island for invasion with heavy bombardment included the following old battleships: USS New York, USS Texas, USS Nevada, USS Arkansas, USS Idaho and USS Tennessee.

More than 800 United States ships are involved in the operation. The carrier forces and amphibious forces are under the command of Admiral R. A. Spruance, Commander, Fifth Fleet. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 265, FEBRUARY 19, 1945 

The Marines who landed on Iwo Island in the Volcanos have established a beachhead along the southeast shoreline extending from the volcano at the southern tip of the island 4,500 yards northward. The operation is proceeding satisfactorily.

348

The landing was made at 0900 today (East Longitude Date) against resistance which was light initially. Sporadic artillery and mortar fire encountered in the early hours on the beaches increased markedly after the drive inland began. Our casualties are moderate.

By 1000 penetrations from the beaches were generally about 500 yard in depth and at that time advance units of the attackers had reached the southern end of the southern airfield and had penetrated airfield defense east of the airstrip.

The troops went ashore after intense bombardment by heavy units c the U. S. Pacific Fleet and heavy bombing by carrier air groups.

Two light units of the supporting fleet task force suffered some damage during the pre‑landing attack.

A message has been sent to the units concerned as follows: "The Commander in Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas, joins the Commander Fifth Flee and Commander First Carrier Task Force in appreciation of the assistant and cooperation provided by the Twenty‑first Bomber Command, the Submarines Pacific, and Fleet Air Wing One in connection with the carrier attack on Tokyo. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 266, FEBRUARY 20, 1945 

United States Marines attacking Iwo Island drove across the southern end of the island by 1800 on February 19 (East Longitude Date) cutting off the enemy strong point in Suribachi Volcano from his forces in the north. Resistance in this area was moderate and our forces occupied about 104 yards of the western beach of the island.

During the afternoon of the first day advance elements of the attacking units expanded their hold on the island's southern airfield slightly but were meeting stiff opposition there and on the northern flank of the beachhead. Our forces advancing from the east toward the northern end of the field were engaged in heavy fighting.

The northern part of the beachhead was under intense mortar and artillery fire during a large part of the day but it was expanded inland about 250 yards. Unloading of equipment and supplies began on the southern beaches.

Casualties in the south were light but on the open slopes east of the at field, our forces were being resisted bitterly and casualties were more numerous.

Enemy positions on the island were under heavy Naval gunfire, aircraft bombing, strafing and rocket attacks throughout the day. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 267, FEBRUARY 20, 1945 

The United States Marines on Iwo Island moved forward on February 20, (East Longitude Date) against enemy defenses as fanatically defended as any yet encountered in the war in the Pacific.

By 1200 on the second day of the assault the Marines had taken an area which includes the Southern airfield and the ground from the Northern slope of Suribachi Volcano to a curving east and west line which crosses the northern ends of the runways and extends from the western beach to the northern anchor of the beachhead on the east side of the island.

At 0230 on February 20, the enemy sent a night counter‑attack of about

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battalion strength down the runway of the Southern airfield but the 27th Regiment of Marines met it staunchly, broke it up and beat off the remnants. Sporadic artillery and mortar fire fell on the beaches throughout the night but our forces continued to unload supplies.

Fleet units supported the troops throughout the night with illumination and heavy gunfire. Our night fighters drove off several small attempted air raids by enemy aircraft which failed to reach the island.

On the morning of February 20, with strong air and gunfire support the Marines began the attack which has given us control of the southern airfield. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 268, FEBRUARY 20, 1945 

The Marine Divisions on Iwo Island made slight gains north of the South­ern airfield on the afternoon of February 20 (East Longitude Date) and by 1800 local time on that date were positions in the face of heavy mortar and artillery fire and some rocket fire.

In the south Marines attacking Mount Suribachi met stiff opposition.

A large proportion of our artillery is now ashore and in position to support both flanks of the beachhead.

The guns of the Pacific Fleet continued to shell enemy defenses on the Island with close‑in fire support concentrated on numerous caves and strong points from which the enemy was bringing the northern end of the beach­head under heavy artillery and mortar fire. More than 8,000 tons of am­munition have been expended by Naval gunfire thus far in the bombardment.

Carrier aircraft continued their intensive attack on the Island through­out the afternoon although their operations were handicapped by rain, low clouds and poor visibility.

Supplies are being placed ashore satisfactorily.

No estimate of casualties is yet available. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 580, FEBRUARY 21, 1945

Far East. 

1. United States submarines have reported the sinking of 25 enemy ves­sels, including an escort carrier, a large converted cruiser and a destroyer, as a result of operations in these waters. The ships sunk were:

1 escort aircraft carrier
1 destroyer
1 large converted cruiser
1 medium transport
14 medium cargo vessels
8 small cargo vessels
1 large cargo transport
2 medium cargo transports
1 small transport

2. These sinkings have not been announced in any previous Navy De­partment communiqué.

350

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 269, FEBRUARY 21, 1945 

The Fifth Amphibious Corps, having secured the southern Iwo airfield made a general advance toward the island's central airdrome on February 21 (East Longitude Date). Advance elements of the Fifth Marine Division on the western side of the island by‑passed the southern ends of the airstrip's runways while the Fourth Marine Division was pushing toward the center of the field directly from the south at noon. Gains were made along the whole line and were generally about 500 to 1,000 yards in extent.

In the meantime, Marines at the south end of the island were pressing slowly forward up the slopes of Mount Suribachi and during the forenoon of the third day of the assault. They made gains averaging more than 100 yards against this enemy citadel.

In both the northern and southern actions the Marines are moving for­ward yard by yard against heavy machine gun mortar, small arms, and rocket fire. The numerous small strong points which confront our forces in all areas thus far penetrated are being reduced by individual troop action.

Casualties at 0800 local time on February 21 were estimated at a total of 150 officers and 3,500 men wounded, missing and killed. Of these, our forces had evacuated 3,063 of the wounded.

During the night of February 20‑21, little activity by the enemy was noted. Attempts at infiltration of our line were frustrated and a local counter­attack on the left flank where the enemy used several tanks supported by artillery fire was repulsed.

Ship's guns supported the ground troops throughout the night with shell fire and illumination and continued heavy fire support through the morning. Carrier aircraft made heavy bombing and strafing attacks on February 21.

Supplies and rations were unloaded on the beaches throughout the night of February 20‑21. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 270, FEBRUARY 22, 1945 

During the afternoon of February 21 (East Longitude Date) the attack on Iwo Island was continued in both the northern and southern sectors against increasingly heavy resistance. Intense mortar artillery and small arms fire is being encountered by our troops and in some areas extensive enemy mine­fields are slowing the advance. During the afternoon there was no appreciable change in our lines.

Elements of the Third Marine Division began landing on the island in support of the Fourth and Fifth Divisions on February 21. The Third Divi­sion is under command of Major General Graves B. Erskine.

In the south, flame throwers and tanks are being used against well en­trenched enemy troops in the Mount Suribachi area. A counterattack launched by the enemy east of Mount Suribachi, shortly after noon, was thrown back. Numerous land mines have been encountered in this vicinity where four of our tanks were knocked out of action.

In the northern sector bitter resistance was met south of the central Iwo airfield although minor gains were made by the Marines.

It is estimated that approximately 20,000 enemy troops were present on Iwo Island on D‑Day. Our forces have counted more than 850 enemy dead but information as to enemy casualties is incomplete.

During the afternoon, battleships, heavy cruisers and carrier aircraft continued to give close support to our troops with shelling and bombing. 

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Unloading of supplies over the beaches continues. The volume of mortar fire on the beaches is diminishing. Movement of equipment across the beaches is handicapped by very loose volcanic ash which in some sectors prevents the passage of wheeled vehicles. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 271, FEBRUARY 22, 1945 

During the night of February 21‑22, the northern lines of the U. S. Marines on Iwo Island successfully resisted the pressure of several heavy counter‑attacks accompanied by continuous enemy attempts to infiltrate into our positions.

The Marines launched an attack northward on February 22 toward the Central Iwo Airfield encountering heavy fire from small arms, mortars, and automatic weapons. At noon the troops were advancing slowly through hard rain and had knocked out numerous enemy gun positions and generally weak­ened the airdromes defenses. There was little change in the position of the front lines.

Coordinating their attack with the action in the northern sector our forces facing Mount Suribachi resumed the offensive. By noon they were beginning an assault on the face of the cliff under most difficult combat con­ditions.

Heavy Naval gunfire continues on enemy‑held positions throughout the northern area of the Island. In spite of the rain and adverse weather con­ditions, Fleet aircraft are supporting ground forces with heavy bombing, strafing and rocket attacks.

At sunset on February 21, a force of enemy bombers and fighters at­tacked our surface units in the area of Iwo Island causing some damage to fleet units. Seven planes were shot down by air patrols and antiaircraft fire.

Total casualties on shore by 1745 on February 21 were estimated at 385 killed, and 4,168 wounded.

Unloading of supplies is continuing on the beaches under difficulties caused by the loose compositions of the volcano and shoreline. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 272, FEBRUARY 22, 1945 

The U. S. Marines on Iwo Island attacked stubbornly‑held enemy posi­tions south of the Central Iwo airfield throughout the afternoon of February 22 making only slight gains. The attacking units continued to meet heavy rifle and mortar fire and during the later afternoon the enemy organized strong counterattacks on both flanks. Our artillery and Naval guns brought these concentrations under heavy fire immediately. At about 1800 our troops appeared to have repulsed the assault on the left but no reports were avail­able on the action on the right.

Progress was made in the assault on Mount Suribachi. By nightfall the Marines had surrounded the mountain at the southern end of the island and strong patrols were moving up the cliffs under attack by the enemy who was using hand grenades and demolition charges. Elimination of strong points was proceeding in this sector.

Fighting on February 22 was hampered by heavy rains.

Naval gunfire continued to support the ground troops with bombardment of enemy‑held areas of the island and carrier aircraft continued to attack.

A small group of enemy planes unsuccessfully attacked our surface forces

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in the area of Iwo Island and two other small groups approached it. Our fighters and antiaircraft fire shot down 6 enemy planes.

Conditions on the beaches were generally improved during the day and a substantial quantity of supplies were unloaded.

At 1800 as of February 21, our casualties on Iwo Island were estimated at 644 killed, 4,168 wounded and 560 missing. A total of 1,222 enemy dead have been counted.

On February 18 (East Longitude Date) surface units of the U. S. Pacific Fleet bombarded Kurabu Saki, the southern end of Paramushiru in the Kuriles.

On the following day Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force attacked the same target. Five enemy fighters met our bombers which damaged four of the attackers. Navy search Venturas carried out rocket attacks on Minami Saki off Paramushiru on the same date damaging buildings.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed the airfield on Chichi Jima and Okimura Town on Haha Jima in the Bonins on February 20.

Marcus Island was attacked with unobserved results by Army Liber­ators of the Strategic Air Force on the same date.

Fighters and torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing at­tacked targets on Babelthuap in the Palaus and on Yap in the Western Caro­lines on February 21.

Airstrip buildings on Pagan In the Marianas were strafed by Army fighters on February 22.

Neutralizing raids were continued by Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two in the Marshalls on February 21.

Operations against remnants of the Japanese garrisons on Saipan, Tinian, and Guam in the Marianas and on Peleliu in the Palaus were continued dur­ing the week ending February 17. Routine patrols mopped up 94 enemy killed and 15 captured. In addition, elements of the 24th Regiment of Army Infantry on Saipan attacked a concentration of about 350 of the enemy in a mountainous portion of the Island killing or capturing 131 Japanese on Feb­ruary 15, 16 and 17. Our casualties in these operations in the Marianas were seven killed and three wounded. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 273, FEBRUARY 23, 1945 

The 28th Regiment of United States Marines was observed raising the United States Flag on the summit of Mount Suribachi on Iwo Island at 1035 today (East Longitude Date). 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 274, FEBRUARY 23, 1945 

The 28th Regiment of Marines on Iwo Island achieved the rim of Mount Suribachi on the Northern, Eastern and Western sides of the crater by 1200 today (East Longitude Date). Below on the steep slopes of the Volcano assault teams equipped with flame throwers were still attacking numerous enemy strong points which had been by‑passed. The drive which carried our forces to the summit was supported effectively by Marine ar­tillery.

353

After a night in which their lines remained stable the troops in the northern sector made a frontal attack on enemy strong points and moved slowly toward the Central Iwo airfield. The enemy employing heavy artil­lery and mortar fire was offering stiff resistance.

By 1200 small gains had been made in the center of the lines south of the field.

Naval gunfire supported the troops throughout the night and morning. Heavy carrier aircraft attacks were made on enemy defenses during the morning. Meanwhile carrier aircraft destroyed three planes and damaged three others on Chichi Jima in the Bonins.

Unloading continued on the beaches throughout the day. Several roads have now been constructed over the volcanic ash terraces and the movement of supplies to the front lines is improved.

Part of the northern beaches were subjected to mortar and sniper fire during the day.

During the night of February 22‑23, a group of enemy swimmers landed on the western coast of the island to attack in the rear of our lines. The Marines mopped them up after dawn. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 275, FEBRUARY 23, 1945 

The Fifth Amphibious Corps attacking northward on Iwo Island made limited gains against elaborate enemy defenses by 1800 on February 23 (East Longitude Date). On the right flank the Fourth Marine Division advanced a maximum of 300 yards. In the center elements of the Third Marine Di­vision occupied the southern tip of the Central Iwo airfield. There was no appreciable change in the positions of the Fifth Marine Divisions on the left flank. In all sectors the enemy is resisting our advance from concrete pill­boxes, entrenchments and caves.

In the area of Mount Suribachi mopping up operations are being carried out against blockhouses, and pillboxes on the slopes of the volcano. Similar defenses have been reported inside the crater. A total of 717 enemy dead have been counted in the Suribachi sector.

Throughout the day our troops continued to receive close support from carrier aircraft and Naval gunfire. Mortar fire directed at our positions from Kangoku Rock, west of Iwo, was eliminated by one of our destroyers. Sev­eral landing craft at the Rock were also destroyed.

The unloading of supplies is continuing and their rate of movement across the beaches is considerably improved in spite of the surf created by the recent southeasterly weather. The enemy continued to bring the northern beaches under fire during the afternoon of February 23.

Carrier Aircraft conducted an offensive sweep over Chichi Jima in the Bonins on February 23.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing accompanied by torpedo planes struck bivouac areas, destroyed a bridge and set a lumber yard afire in the Palaus on February 22. Fighter attacks were also carried out on Yap in the Western Carolines and on Sonsoral Island.

Army fighters strafed targets on Pagan in the Marianas on February 23.

Neutralizing attacks were made on enemy held bases in the Marshalls by Navy search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two. 

354 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 276, FEBRUARY 24, 1945 

The battle for the airfield in the central area of Iwo Island continued on February 24 (East Longitude Date) with no marked changes in the lines at noon. The Marines holding a line on the Southwestern end of the air­drome and south of the center of the field launched an attack supported by tanks in the morning after our artillery aircraft and fleet surface units had subjected the enemy to heavy bombardment. By noon our forces were re­ported to be gaining ground slowly. Enemy resistance is heavy.

Marine patrols entered Suribachi Crater during the day and continued to mop up remnants of the garrison of that strong point.

Two enemy aircraft approached the island on February 23 but retired without attacking.

Conditions on the beaches are generally improved and the unloading of general cargo is proceeding. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 277, FEBRUARY 24, 1945 

Elements of the Third, Fourth and Fifth Marine Divisions made sub­stantial advances along the whole northern sector on Iwo Island on February 24 (East Longitude Date). Their attack was made in the face of intense fire from heavy weapons and rockets but it carried northward generally about 308 to 500 yards through a maze of interlocking, or mutually support­ing concrete pillboxes, blockhouses and fortified caves. All areas crossed were heavily mined. By 1800, our units had reached the middle area of the central Iwo airfield, had pushed forward several hundred yards on the west and had begun a drive which expanded our beachhead northward along the east coast about 600 yards.

In every zone of the fighting, the enemy resisted our advance to the full extent of his armament. Weapons of the "bazooka" type were employed against our tanks and the use of rocket bombs, weighing about 500 kilograms, continued. Enemy positions in the area through which our units advanced were generally reinforced blockhouses and pillboxes with four‑foot bulkheads. In a single area of about 400 by 600 yards on the east coast, our forces neu­tralized about 100 caves between thirty and forty feet deep.

An immediate result of the advance was apparent in a marked decrease of enemy artillery fire into the interior of the area under our control.

The attack was supported by marine artillery and by fire from heavy units of the fleet standing off Iwo Island. Carrier aircraft continued their close support of the troops and also made an attack on Chichi Jima in the Bonins.

In the south, Marines continued their mop up of enemy strong points in and around Mount Suribachi. Incomplete reports indicate that 115 enemy emplacements have been destroyed in that sector.

A total of 2,799 enemy dead have been counted on Iwo Island.

The condition of the beaches showed marked improvement and unloading of supplies was accelerated.

Seventh Army Air Force Bombers of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Oceans Areas, bombed the airfield and Omura town on Chichi Jima and Okimura town on Haha Jima in the Bonins on February 22.

On February 23, Marine fighters attacked targets in the Palaus.

Army Thunderbolts strafed enemy positions on Pagan in the Marianas on the same date. 

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Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing set a fuel dump afire and struck motor transport equipment in the Palaus on February 24.

Navy search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing One bombed the enemy airstrip on Puluwat in the Carolines on February 24.

Neutralizing raids were continued by search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on February 23. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 278, FEBRUARY 24, 1945 

Carrier aircraft of the Fifth Fleet are attacking military, naval and air installations in and around Tokyo. Admiral R. A. Spruance, U. S. Navy, is present in command of the Fifth Fleet and Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, U. S. Navy, is in tactical command of the fast carrier task force, making the attack. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 279, FEBRUARY 25, 1945 

After preliminary bombardment by Marine artillery and heavy units of the Pacific Fleet, troops of the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Marine Divisions launched an attack northward on Iwo Island on February 25 (East Longi­tude Date). Fighting was heavy throughout the day and at nightfall our forces were in positions of the East‑West runway of the Central Iwo field and about two‑thirds of the North‑South runway.

Carrier aircraft and Seventh Army Air Force Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, supported the attack.

A total of 2,827 enemy dead had been counted by noon of February 25.

Shortly before midnight of February 24, a small group of enemy aircraft attacked our forces on and around Iwo Island causing no damage. Part of their bombs were dropped in enemy territory on the Island. One of our night fighters shot down an enemy plane over Chichi Jima in the Bonins and three others were destroyed on the ground in the Bonins by our aircraft on February 24.

Beach conditions continued to show marked improvement.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed the airfield on Chichi Jima in the Bonins causing a large explosion near the runways on February 23. On the following day an attack was made on Omura Town on the same Island.

The airfield on Marcus Island was bombed by Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force on February 24.

Neutralizing raids were continued on enemy held bases in the Marshalls by Navy search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two on February 24. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 280, FEBRUARY 26, 1945 

Elements of the Third Marine Division constituting the center of our lines on Iwo Island advanced about 400 yards through extremely heavy enemy defenses on February 26 (East Longitude Date) seized the high ground of the central plateau and by nightfall brought most of the island's second airfield into our possession. Fighting along the entire line was very heavy with enemy resistance mounting before our attack throughout the day. Our troops were subjected to artillery and rocket fire and a very heavy volume of small arms fire during the advance. The Fourth Marine Division on 

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the east and the Fifth Marine Division on the west advanced during the day, the Fourth Division capturing a commanding hill near the east coast. The attack by our forces was supported by Marine artillery, Naval gunfire, and carrier aircraft.

Mopping up operations continued in the south, around Mount Suribachi. Little enemy fire fell on the interior of our beachhead during the day.

On February 26 our forces counted 3,568 enemy dead and 9 enemy prison­ers in eight days of fighting on Iwo Island.

Marine observation planes, the first U. S. aircraft to land, began operat­ing on the southern Iwo airstrip during the morning while restoration of the runways to operational condition continued.

Supplies and equipment were landed in increasing quantities as road and beach conditions continued to improve.

Carrier aircraft strafed targets in and around Chichi Jima in the Bonins burning one plane on the ground, sinking a small merchant vessel and burn­ing two medium merchant ships. Oil storage facilities were destroyed.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing set a building supply dump and fuel storage area afire on Urukthapel in the Palaus on February 25.

Marine aircraft attacked targets on Yap in the western Carolines on the same date.

Army Thunderbolts strafed buildings and defenses on Pagan in the Marianas on February 26, starting two fires. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 281, FEBRUARY 27, 1945 

Under extremely adverse weather conditions carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet attacked the Tokyo Area on February 25, and the Island of Hachijo on February 26 (East Longitude Dates).

Incomplete reports indicate that our forces inflicted the following damage on the enemy: 

Aircraft:

158 planes destroyed, including 47 shot out of the air.
About 75 planes damaged on the ground. 

Shipping:

5 small enemy vessels including one picket craft sunk.
5 coastal vessels and 7 small craft probably sunk.
9 coastal vessels and 5 small craft damaged.

Ground Installations:

2 trains destroyed in the Tokyo Area.
Radar installations and hangars at airfields destroyed.
Ota aircraft plant near Tokyo heavily hit.
About 75 per cent of its buildings are now destroyed and 15 per cent heavily damaged.
Koizumi Aircraft Plant heavily damaged.

Our forces lost nine fighter planes in combat and four pilots. The ships of our Task Force suffered no damage from enemy action during the attack but minor damage was caused to two light units during retirement.

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Throughout our attacks the enemy offered only slight resistance; about 100 aircraft were observed in the air but the Majority of them were un­aggressive. No substantial attempt was made to attack our force.

Admiral R. A. Spruance, U. S. Navy, Commander Fifth Fleet commanded our forces and Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, U. S. Navy, was in tactical command of the Fast Carrier Task Force. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 581, FEBRUARY 28, 1945 

1. The submarines USS Escolar and USS Shark are overdue from patrol and presumed lost.

2. Next of kin of officers and crew have been notified. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 282, FEBRUARY 28, 1945 

During the night of February 26‑27 (East Longitude Date) several small scale enemy attempts to infiltrate through our lines on Iwo Island were re­pulsed. In one sector a movement of tanks and troops was broken up by our artillery fire. A mortar support unit destroyed two enemy ammunition dumps during the night and gunfire from cruisers and destroyers offshore continued to harass the enemy.

Marines launched an attack on the morning of February 27 after prepara­tion by Marine artillery, Naval gunfire and carrier aircraft bombing. By nightfall limited advances had been made by the Third Marine Division in the center and the Fourth Marine Division on the right flank. Enemy artillery and mortar fire was heavy throughout the day, some of it falling on our rear areas and on the beaches.

Carrier aircraft and Naval guns continued to support the ground troops.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed enemy positions on Iwo Island during the afternoon.

Improved beach conditions continued to facilitate unloading of supplies.

The extent of the enemy's defense preparations on Iwo Island is indicated by the total of 800 pillboxes of various types which have been scouted in the Third Marine Division zone of action.

On February 25, Seventh Army Air Force Liberators operating under the Strategic Air Force Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed the airfield on Chichi Jima in the Bonins.

Fighters and Torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing de­stroyed a bridge and other installations on Babelthuap in the Palaus and destroyed warehouses on Yap in the western Carolines on February 27. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 283, FEBRUARY 28, 1945 

The Marines on Iwo Island made an advance of several hundred yards In most sectors of the lines on February 28 (East Longitude Date). Driving through the center of the enemy's main line of resistance, the Third Marine Division moved beyond the village of Motoyama on the island plateau. The Fifth Division on the west, led by tanks and the Fourth Division on the east, pushed forward several hundred yards against stiff opposition. The attack was supported by Naval gunfire, Marine artillery and carrier aircraft. Some mortar fire fell on our northern beaches during the day but facilities for unloading continued to develop. 

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The attack was made after a night of light activity. The enemy attempted infiltration with small groups which were driven off and our mortar support units and fleet surface units maintained harassing fire and illumination fire throughout the night.

At 1800 on February 26, 4,784 enemy dead had been counted and 10 prisoners of war taken.

On February 27 carrier aircraft attacked the seaplane base on Chichi Jima in the Bonins causing an explosion.

Fighters and torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing made bombing and rocket attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Palaus on February 27 and 28. Several fires were started, one bridge was destroyed, and a bridge and pier were damaged. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 582, MARCH 1, 1945 

1. The USS Extractor, a small salvage vessel, was sunk in the Central Pacific Area by a United States submarine. The sinking, which occurred in the early morning just prior to sunrise, was the result of incorrect identifica­tion by the submarine. The survivors were rescued by the attacking sub­marine, which made a thorough search of the area upon discovering the error made. There were six men reported missing.

2. The USS Serpens, a cargo ship manned by Coast Guard personnel, has been lost in the South Pacific Area as the result of enemy action.

3. The LCI (L) 600 has been lost in the Central Pacific Area as the re­sult of enemy action.

4. The next of kin of casualties of the above mentioned vessels have been informed. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 284, MARCH 1, 1945 

U. S. Marines on Iwo Island advanced northward on March 1 (East Longitude Date) occupying the Western end of the Island's northern airstrip moving our lines in the Western and Central sectors forward and making smaller gains on the Eastern side of the Island. The enemy continues to offer stiff opposition.

The attack was made after intense shelling by Marine artillery and Naval guns. Carrier aircraft supported the ground troops during the day.

Seventeen prisoners of war were taken by Marines in the Third Division zone of action.

Occasional artillery fire fell on parts of the beaches but unloading pro­ceeded.

During early morning hours of March 1, a small group of enemy aircraft entered the Iwo area and dropped bombs which caused no damage. One bomber was shot down by ships' antiaircraft fire.

Harassing attacks were carried out by carrier aircraft on enemy Installa­tions on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on the night of February 28‑March 1.

During the week of February 18 to February 24, mopping up operations continued in the Marianas and Palaus. Thirty‑seven of the enemy were killed and 52 captured on Saipan. On Guam 35 were killed and 11 taken prisoner. Seven of the enemy were killed and two taken prisoner on Tinian. Two prisoners were taken on Peleliu.

Fighters and torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing started fires and destroyed a bridge in the Palaus on March 1.

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Corsairs of the Fourth Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed buildings, small craft and airfields at Ponape in the Carolines on February 28.

Marine aircraft continued neutralizing raids on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on the same date. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 285, MARCH 2, 1945 

Attacking in the center of the enemy lines, the Third Marine Division drove a salient seven hundred yards deep into enemy positions and captured Hill 362 on Iwo Island on March 2 (East Longitude Date). Smaller advances were made in other sectors. The attack was launched after bombardment of enemy areas by Marine artillery, Naval guns and carrier aircraft, and it was met by intense small arms, automatic weapons and mortar fire. The Fifth Division beat off a counterattack in its zone of action.

A total of 7,127 enemy dead had been counted by 1200 on March 2. Prisoners of war total 32.

Destruction of enemy caves and strong points on Iwo Island is continuing. Restoration of the southern Iwo airfield is proceeding.

During the night of March 1, carrier aircraft made bombing and rocket attacks on Omura town and on the airfield on Chichi Jima in the Bonins, causing an explosion and fire. Seventh Army Air Force Liberators operating under the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed targets on Chichi Jima and Haha Jima on March 1.

Navy Search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed air­field installations on Wake Island on March 1.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing Corsair fighters continued neutralizing enemy held bases in the Marshalls. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 286, MARCH 3, 1945 

Without enemy air opposition carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet struck military, Naval and air installations and shipping in the Nansei Shoto on March 1 (East Longitude Date). Islands which came under attack were: Amami, Minami, Kume Jima, Okinawa Jima, Tokuno Jima and Okinoyerabu Jima.

Our aircraft inflicted the following damage on the enemy: 

Aircraft:

Four aircraft shot out of the air.
Thirty‑seven aircraft destroyed on the ground.
About 50 aircraft destroyed or damaged on the ground, some of which may have been previously in‑operational.

Shipping: Sunk:

One destroyer.
One motor‑torpedo boat.
Six small cargo ships.
Two medium cargo ships.
One ocean‑going tug.
Two luggers.

Probably Sunk:

One medium cargo ship.
Six small coastal cargo ships.
Six luggers.

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Damaged:

Four destroyer escorts or patrol craft.
One medium transport.
Four medium cargo ships.
Nine small coastal cargo ships.
One small cargo ship.
Ten luggers.
In addition, several small craft sunk or damaged. 

Ground Installations: 

On the Islands of Okinoyerabu, Amami, Minami, Okinawa, Kume and Tokuno, our aircraft destroyed or damaged airfield installations, barracks, administration buildings, mills, lumber yards, warehouses and radio and radar installations.

Our losses in combat were five pilots, three aircrewmen and thirteen air­craft.

During the night following the attack, the force conducted a bombard­ment of Okina Daito Jima starting large fires in the target area. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 287, MARCH 3, 1945 

Under heavy tire from small arms and mortars the Fifth Marine Division on the left flank and the Third Marine Division in the center pushed forward in a general advance of 200 to 400 yards on Iwo Island on March 3 (East Longitude Date). Progress of the Fourth Division on the right flank was slow due to extremely heavy enemy resistance in that sector. Attacks by the Infantry were supported by Marine artillery but close carrier aircraft support was limited by the small dimensions of the area now held by the enemy. A strong pocket of the enemy in the Fourth Division zone of action near Minami continued to hold back our lines in that sector.

Carrier aircraft made bombing and rocket attacks on installations in Omura Town on Chichi Jima and on harbor installations at Haha Jima in the Bonins. One ship was sunk at Haha Jima.

Ships are unloading on both eastern and western beaches of Iwo Island.

Land based aircraft have begun to use the Southern Iwo airfield for evacuation of the wounded.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators operating under the Strategic Air Force bombed Omura Town and the airfield on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 2.

Two bridges were destroyed and fires were started on enemy held islands of the Palaus after attacks by Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on March 2.

Army Thunderbolts bombed airfield installations on Pagan in the Marianas on March 3.

Navy search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed the Airfield on Wake island through moderate antiaircraft fire on March 2.

On the same date fighter planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing struck neutralizing blows at enemy held bases in the Marshalls. 

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CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 288, MARCH 4, 1945 

Small local advances which left the lines substantially unchanged were made by the Marines on Iwo Island on March 4 (East Longitude Date). Enemy resistance stiffened in all sectors and small arms fire mounted in In­tensity as our troops attacked. The enemy organized a counter‑attack in the Fifth Division Sector but was repulsed with the loss of several hundred men. The Fourth Division fighting over extremely difficult terrain eliminated a strong center of resistance in the morning. Hand to hand fighting was in progress in the Fifth Division zone of action where the ground is rough and naturally suited to defensive operations. The southern Iwo airfield came under scattered artillery fire during the day as evacuation planes continued to land and take off.

By 1800 on March 3, a total of 12,864 enemy dead had been counted and 81 prisoners, of whom 45 are Koreans and 36 Japanese, had been captured.

The guns of fleet units covered the ground troops during the night of March 3, and supported the attack on the following day.

Carrier aircraft and Seventh Army Air Force Liberators operating under the strategic air force attacked Chichi Jima in the Bonins with bombs and rockets on March 3.

Corsair and Hellcat Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing made bombing and rocket attacks on enemy held islands in the Palaus on March 3. One plane was shot down by antiaircraft fire.

Marine fighters bombed Yap in the Western Carolines on the same date.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft wing and Mitchell bombers strafed and bombed airfields and other installations on Ponape in the Eastern Carolines on March 3.

Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two continued neutralizing attacks on enemy held bases in the Marshalls on March 3. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 289, MARCH 5, 1945 

During the night of March 4‑5 (East Longitude Dates), the enemy made a number of attempts to infiltrate into our lines on Iwo Island and subjected the Marines to substantial small arms and artillery fire. All enemy efforts to move into our positions were broken up. No appreciable change was made in the lines of the opposing forces on March 5. Improved wind and weather conditions facilitated unloading of supplies on both Eastern and Western beaches.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators operating under the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed the airfield on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 4.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters and Avenger torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing set an ammunition dump and a supply area afire and damaged a pier by bombing and rocket attacks in the Palaus on March 4. Two of our aircraft were lost.

Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two strafed targets on Ponape in the Eastern Carolines on the same date. 

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CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 290, MARCH 6, 1945 

After the most intense artillery bombardment of enemy positions since the operation on Iwo Island began, elements of the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Marine Divisions resumed the attack on the morning of March 6 (East Longi­tude Date). Fighting was heavy. throughout the day with the enemy offering very stiff resistance and subjecting our forces to a heavy volume of small arms and mortar fire. By 1730 on March 6, the Marines had made small local gains on the left flank and in the center of the lines. Carrier aircraft sup­ported the attack and Naval guns were in action throughout the day.

The Marines had counted 14,456 enemy dead at 1800 on March 5.

Army fighters are using the southern Iwo airfield and air evacuation of wounded by transport plane continues. Unloading conditions continue to be favorable.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed the airfield on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 5.

On the same date fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and set afire an oil dump, a supply dump and a house in the Palaus. Marine Corsair and Avenger torpedo planes attacked targets in the Palaus and on Yap in the Western Carolines on March 6.

Marine fighters strafed targets on Rota in the Marianas on March 6. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 291, MARCH 7, 1945 

Attacking in all sectors of the line the Marines on Iwo Island advanced against heavy enemy resistance on March 7 (East Longitude Date). In the Fifth Marine Division sector on the west flank our forces moved forward about 500 yards on the left with lesser gains in the center and right. The Third Division in the center advanced about 588 yards at one point after en­gaging the enemy in hand to hand fighting. Advances of 100 to 200 yards were reported in local areas of the Fourth Division sector on the east. The enemy continued to resist with intense small arms and machine gun fire throughout the day.

Carrier aircraft made bombing and rocket attacks on targets on Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonins on March 6 and 7.

Favorable weather conditions continue and unloading of supplies is pro­gressing satisfactorily.

A Navy Search Liberator of Fleet Air Wing One bombed and strafed two enemy cargo ships north of the Bonins on March 6.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters and Avenger torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed a bridge and set buildings afire with bomb and rocket attacks on the Palaus on March 6. On the same date Marine air­craft bombed installations on Yap in the Western Carolines.

Strafing and bombing attacks were made on Ponape in the Eastern Caro­lines on March 6 by planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. Moderate antiaircraft fire was encountered. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 292, MARCH 8, 1945 

Attacking resolutely in the face of heavy resistance the Marines on Iwo Island made small advances in all sectors of the lines on March 8 (East Longi­tude Date). Defending every prepared position desperately, the enemy used light and heavy machine guns and intense small arms fire to slow the move­ment of our forces. Operating over extremely difficult terrain our tanks

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knocked out a number of enemy pillboxes. The attack was supported by carrier aircraft and the guns of surface units of the fleet.

Carrier aircraft made rocket and strafing attacks on the Naval base and airfield at Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 8.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators operating under the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed Chichi Jima and Haha Jima on March 7.

On the same date Corsairs and Hellcats of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed targets in the Palaus setting buildings afire.

Navy search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed and strafed In­stallations on Wake Island on March 7. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 740, MARCH 8, 1945 

VICE ADMIRAL SMITH ASSUMES COMMAND OF PACIFIC FLEET SERVICE FORCE 

Vice Admiral William Ward Smith, USN, has assumed command of the Service Force, United States Pacific Fleet, relieving Vice Admiral William L. Calhoun, USN, who saw this auxiliary fleet grow ten‑fold in the little more than four years he commanded it.

Vice Admiral Smith, recently promoted from the rank of Rear Admiral, was Director of Naval Transportation Service in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations prior to assuming his new command.

This is his second Pacific assignment in this war. He was Chief of Staff to Admiral Husband E. Kimmel, USN, until shortly after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941. He was then promoted to Rear Admiral and placed in command of a cruiser task group that participated in the battles of Coral Sea and Midway. For his outstanding service in these engagements he was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal.

He later was assigned to a task force command and his ships were the first naval unit to bombard Kiska Island in the Aleutians August 7, 1942.

While Vice Admiral Smith was Director of Naval Transportation Service, the number of merchant‑type vessels commissioned by and allocated to the Navy increased from 150 to 500. 

JOINT STATEMENT, MARCH 9, 1945 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and antisub­marine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

"During the month of February a moderate number of Allied merchant vessels fell victim to U‑boat activity. However, the anti‑submarine forces were successful in destroying more enemy submarines this past month than in January.

"Despite satisfactory results now being obtained in the war on undersea raiders, our forces must maintain unceasing vigilance because any enemy with a large number of submarines always possesses a potential threat." 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 583, MARCH 9, 1945 

1. The PT‑77 and PT‑79 were lost in the Philippine area, having been sunk by one of our own ships.

2. This incident was the result of an error in identification.

3. The next of kin of casualties have been notified. 

364

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 584, MARCH 9, 1945

Far East. 

1. United States submarines have reported the sinking of 12 enemy ves­sels, including an escort carrier and a destroyer, as a result of operations in these waters. The ships sunk were:

1 escort aircraft carrier
1 destroyer
1 large cargo transport
1 large tanker
2 medium cargo transports
5 medium cargo vessels
1 small cargo transport

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 293, MARCH 10, 1945 

During the night of March 8‑9, the enemy attempted infiltration of Marine lines on Iwo Island on a large scale and subjected troops in the Fourth Divi­sion sector to heavy mortar and sniper fire. The Fourth Division destroyed 564 of the enemy while repulsing these attacks.

A general advance was made on the island on March 9, with forward elements of the Third Marine Division reaching the northeast beaches early in the afternoon. Gains up to several hundred yards were made against very stiff resistance. Army fighters based on Iwo Island joined carrier aircraft in providing close support for the troops and fleet units continued to shell the enemy. Heavy artillery preparation was directed onto enemy positions prior to attack by the Infantry.

On March 10, the Marines continued their attack and widened the area held on the northeast beaches of Iwo Island by noon. Resistance during the morning appeared to be diminishing although the enemy continued to hold prepared strong points tenaciously and snipers were active.

A small group of enemy aircraft approached Iwo Island in the early morn­ing hours of March 9, but retired without attacking.

Targets in the Palaus were bombed by fighter and torpedo aircraft of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on March 8‑9.

Mitchells of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing strafed and bombed small craft and buildings at Kusaie and Ponape in the Eastern Carolines on March 8.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed the airfield on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 8 and 9.

On March 9, Navy search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed run­ways and other installations on Wake Island. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 294, MARCH 10, 1945 

The Marines on Iwo Island continued to drive forward on the afternoon of March 10. By 1800 the Fourth Division had made substantial advances along most of its front and one of its patrols had reached the beach on the easternmost point of the island. Enemy resistance appeared to be decreasing

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at numerous points along the lines. Army and Navy aircraft continued to attack enemy positions and fleet surface units provided close gunfire support.

Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed docks, small craft, and defense positions on Ponape in the eastern Carolines on March 10. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 295, MARCH 11, 1945 

The Third and Fourth Marine Division drove through enemy lines to capture most of the east coast of Iwo Island on March 11 (East Longitude Date). The remainder of the enemy's garrison was compressed to a small area at the northern end of the island by the troops of the Fifth Marine Division. A small pocket of enemy resistance was by‑passed by the Fourth Marine Division and was still holding out at 1800 on March 11. At that time the Fifth Division was gaining slowly in the north against heavy re­sistance. The attack was supported by heavy artillery and Naval gunfire.

Army fighters bombed Chichi Jima in the Bonin Islands scoring hits on airfield and harbor installations. Targets were strafed on Haha Jima.

Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed the airfield on Chichi Jima on March 10.

Large fires were started among enemy defenses in the Palaus by fighters and torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on March 10. Marine aircraft on the same date struck targets on Yap in the Western Carolines. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 296, MARCH 12, 1945 

The Fifth Marine Division continued its advance on Iwo Island on March 12 (East Longitude Date) and further reduced the area held by the enemy on the northern end of the island. Remnants of the enemy garrison in this sector continued to offer stiff resistance. Mopping up operations were in progress in the Third and Fourth Divisions zones of action, but one enemy pocket continued to hold out at 1800 on March 12. Naval gunfire and Army fighters supported the troops in the fighting on the northern end of the island.

Army fighters bombed and strafed targets on Chichi Jima in the Bonins through intense antiaircraft fire on the same date.

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed installations at Suri­bachi on Paramushiru and Kataoka on Shimushu in the Northern Kuriles on March 11. Columns of smoke rising to 15,000 feet were observed after the attacks.

Army Thunderbolts strafed and bombed installations on Maug Island in the Marianas on the same date.

Two buildings were destroyed and fires were started on Babelthuap in the Palaus by Corsair Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on March 11.

Neutralizing attacks on enemy held bases in the Marshalls were continued by Marine aircraft on the same date.

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CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 297, MARCH 13, 1945 

No appreciable change was made in the front lines in Iwo Island on March 13 (East Longitude Date). The enemy occupying the northern end of the island continued to resist our attacks with small arms, machine gun and mortar fire. While mopping‑ up operations continued in the Third and Fourth Division sectors, our forces made unopposed landings on Kama and Kangoku Rocks west of the island. An enemy pocket in the Fourth Division sector was reduced in size but part of it still held out at 1800 on March 13. During the day 115 caves were sealed up.

Army fighters bombed airfield and harbor installations on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 13.

Seventh Army Air Force Liberators operating under the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed air installations on the same island on March 11 and 12.

Fighters and torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing de­stroyed four buildings, set four other ablaze and destroyed or set afire three ammunition and fuel dumps on Babelthuap in the Palaus on March 13.

Marine Corsair fighters destroyed one aircraft on the water and damaged a pier at Yap on the same date. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 298, MARCH 14, 1945 

Advances of 200 to 400 yards were made by the Fifth Marine Division on the northern end of Iwo Island on March 14 (East Longitude Date). From prepared positions the enemy continued to resist the pressure of our attacks and at nightfall the battle was continuing in this sector and in a small pocket in the Fourth Marine Division zone of action.

Because of the complex system of caves in which enemy casualties have been trapped and sealed and because of the difficult conditions on Iwo Island an exact count of enemy losses is not possible. Counted burials plus very careful estimates as to numbers sealed in caves gives 20,000 as a very close approximation of enemy killed at end of March 14. That number is less than the detailed estimates made by commanders of front line troops.

Our forces in the front lines have found "booby traps" set on the bodies of our dead.

The United States Flag was formally raised over Iwo Island at 0930 on March 14 although some resistance continues.

Planes of Navy, Army and Marine Corps are now operating from the island.

Iwo‑based Army fighters made bombing and strafing attacks on airfield installations on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 14.

On March 13, Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed Chichi Jima airfield.

Army Liberators of the Eleventh Air Force bombed airfield facilities at Kurabu Saki on southern Paramushiru in the Kuriles on the same date. The enemy sent up meager antiaircraft fire.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed a bridge, damaged two piers and set fuel dumps and motor facilities afire in the Palaus on March 14.

Mopping up operations in the Marianas and Palaus continued. During March 4 through March 10, 48 of the enemy were killed on Saipan, Tinian and Guam and 13 prisoners were taken on Saipan, Guam and Peleliu. 

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CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 299, MARCH 15, 1945 

The Fifth Marine Division on March 15 (East Longitude Date) continued to reduce further the area held by the enemy at the northern tip of Iwo Island. Our forces encountered intense small arms and mortar fire in that sector throughout the day. Mopping up operations were continued in the Third and Fourth Marine Division zones of action. Planes of the Seventh Army Fighter Command bombed airfields and other installations on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on the same date.

On March 14 Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force, operating under the Strategic Air Force, bombed Chichi Jima airfield.

Navy search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Wake Island through meager antiaircraft fire on March 14.

On the same date Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls. 

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 34, MARCH 15, 1945 

Iwo Jima, Volcano Islands, Mar. 14.‑(Delayed)‑With the rattle of mus­ketry to the north, where the remnants of the Japanese garrison force were being exterminated by Marines, faintly audible, the United States government today officially took possession of this desolate but strategic island on the road to Tokyo.

It did so in a proclamation issued by Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Commander in Chief of the Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas and military governor of the Volcano Islands. After the proclamation had been read, the American flag was officially raised over the island.

The ceremony, held in the shadow of Suribachi, extinct volcano at the southern tip of Iwo, and attended by high ranking officers of the Marine Corps, Navy and Army, was marked by simplicity.

Deep‑throated roars of nearby Marine field pieces drowned the voice of Marine Colonel D. A. Stafford, of Spokane, Wash., Fifth Amphibious Corps personnel officer, as he read the words suspending all powers of government of the Japanese Empire on the island.

The Stars and Stripes were run up on a staff atop a strongly reinforced Japanese bunker with an anti‑aircraft gun emplacement above it. The military notables formed in rank on one side of the staff. On the other, an honor guard composed of eight military policemen from each of the three divisions that participated in the seizure of the island, was drawn up.

Among the military and naval leaders who planned and executed the in­vasion were: Vice Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner, USN, Commander, Am­phibious Forces, Pacific; Rear Admiral Harry Hill, USN, of Oakland, Cal., deputy commander of the attack force; Lieutenant General Holland M. Smith, Commanding General of the Fleet Marine Force of the Pacific; Major General Harry F. Schmidt, Fifth Amphibious Corps Commander; Major General Graves B. Erskine, of La Jolla, Cal., Third Marine Division commander, and his chief of staff, Colonel Robert E. Hogaboom, of Vicksburg, Miss.; Major General Clifton B. Cates, Fourth Marine Division Commander, and his chief of stag, Colonel M. J. Batchelder; and Major General Keller Rockey, Fifth Marine Division Commander, and his chief of staff, Colonel Ray A. Robinson. The Army was represented at the ceremony by Major General James E. Chaney.

While Marine Private First Class John E. Glynn (309599), 21, of 2319 Humanity Street, New Orleans, La., veteran of Guadalcanal, sounded "Colors", 

368

Old Glory was sent fluttering in the breeze to the top of the flagstaff by Marine Privates First Class Thomas J. Casale (411750), 20, of (no street address) Herkimer, N. Y., and Albert B. Bush (437298), 24, of 16712 Wood­bury Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio. Marine Sergeant Anthony C. Yusi (285607), 25, of 68 Grove Street, Port Chester, N. Y., was in charge of the color detail.

The bugler and the color detail were chosen from the Fifth Amphibious Corps Military Police Company. Their commanding officer, First Lieutenant Nathan R. Smith, of Whitehaven, Pa., said the men had been selected for general efficiency and military bearing. Both Yusi and Bush took part in the seizure of Saipan and Tinian in the Marianas. Moreover, Yusi was serving aboard the USS Wasp when she was sunk by the Japs September 15, 1943.

The proclamation was the first issued by Fleet Admiral Nimitz as military governor of the Volcano Islands. It was addressed, in Japanese as well as English, to the people of the islands. It read: 

"I, Chester William Nimitz, Fleet Admiral, United States Navy, Com­mander in Chief of the United States Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, do hereby proclaim as follows:

"United States Forces under my command have occupied this and other of the Volcano Islands.

"All powers of government of the Japanese Empire in the islands so oc­cupied are hereby suspended.

"All powers of government are vested in me as Military Governor and will be exercised by subordinate commanders under my direction.

"All persons will obey promptly all orders given under my authority. Of­fenses against the Forces of Occupation will be severely punished.

"Given under my hand at Iwo Jima this fourteenth day of March, 1945." 

The ceremony took place as the battle for Iwo Jima entered its 24th day. The stubborn Japanese defenders had been driven northward to the end of the island.

The enemy was still defending his caves and bunkers to the death.

As the official flag was raised, the one that had flown over Suribachi since the fifth day of the battle was lowered. The Stars and Strips had been planted on the volcano by the Marines who wrested it from the Japs.

The place selected for the official flag is just off the beach in the south­western section of the island. Selection of the site was prompted by con­venience and the height of the ground.

Several hundred dirty, bearded and weary Marines working and biv­ouacked in the vicinity gathered to witness the brief ceremony, which required less than 10 minutes. They, as well as the participants, came smartly to at­tention and saluted while the bugler was sounding colors. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 300, MARCH 16, 1945 

The battle of Iwo Island has been won. The United States Marines by their individual and collective courage have conquered a base which is as necessary to us in our continuing forward movement toward final victory as it was vital to the enemy in staving off ultimate defeat. The enemy was fully aware of the crushing attacks on his homeland which would be made possible by our capture of this island only 660 nautical miles distant, so he prepared what he thought was an impregnable defense. With certain knowledge of the cost of an objective which had to be taken, the Fleet Marine Force supported 

369

the ships of the Pacific Fleet and by Army and Navy aircraft fought the battle and won. By their victory the Third, Fourth and Fifth Marine Divi­sions and other units of the Fifth Amphibious Corps have made an accounting to their country which only history will be able to value fully. Among the Americans who served on Iwo Island, uncommon valor was a common virtue.

Organized resistance on Iwo Island ceased at 1800 on March 16 (East Longitude Date) when elements of the Third and Fifth Marine Divisions drove through the enemy lines breaking them up and reached Kitano Point at the northern end of the island. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 301, MARCH 16, 1945 

The Marines on Iwo are continuing to mop up remnants of the enemy garrison. The central Iwo airfield was placed in operation on March 16 (East Longitude Date).

Army aircraft of the Seventh Fighter Command bombed and strafed targets on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on the same date.

On March 15, Army Liberators of the Seventh Air Force operating under the Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, bombed airfield installations on Chichi Jima.

Fighters and Torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing de­stroyed bridges and damaged piers and other installations in the Palaus on March 15. On the following day barges were destroyed and fires were started on and around Babelthuap and Arakabesan in the same group.

Radio, airfield and harbor installations on Yap in the Western Carolines were bombed by Marine Aircraft on March 15 and 16.

Neutralizing raids on enemy held bases in the Marshalls were carried out by planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on March 15. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 302, MARCH 17, 1945 

The Marines on Iwo continued mopping up operations on March 17 (East Longitude Date). About noon a group of 150 of the enemy were observed attempting to organize in the northern part of the Island. They were dispersed by mortar fire. A few enemy troops attempted to "booby trap" installations in our rear areas.

Surface units of the Pacific Fleet bombarded Matsuwa Island in the Kuriles on March 16. Our gunfire caused a large explosion and several large fires. Shore based batteries of the enemy answered our fire but caused no damage to our ships. 

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 39, MARCH 17, 1945 

For twenty‑six days on Iwo Island, the United States Marines fought under conditions which have had no parallel in the war against Japan. Our troops have now defeated the enemy despite every natural advantage of his defenses.

This accomplishment was made against concentrated fortifications which approached, as closely as it is possible to do so, impregnability against attack by mobile forces employing every useful weapon available in modern warfare. 

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From the opening day, when at H‑hour the pre‑invasion bombardment successfully beat down the island defenses long enough for the troops to gain a foothold which they were never to lose, our forces met and solved problems which could have been insuperable for men less resolute in mind, heart and purpose.

Volcanic ash which immobilized even tracked vehicles and made them motionless targets; artillery long since registered on every possible landing place; interlocking and mutually supporting pillboxes and strong points; underground labyrinths extending a total of many miles and the result of many years of military planning and construction; defenses whose depth was limited only by the coastlines of the island; a garrison which was made up of units of the enemy forces especially trained to utilize the defensive ad­vantages of this island; a terrain that was characterized by a high volcanic cone, cliffs, deep gulleys, several commanding hills and a series of terraces rising from the beach to the prominences and plateaus which had to be taken these were the problems of Iwo Island.

That it was taken was the direct result of the fortitude of our officers and men who, by 14 March, had killed more than 21,000 of the enemy.

In achieving this victory, the forces involved lost 4,189 officers and men killed, according to reports from the front line units at 1700 on 16 March.

The wounded, a very considerable number of whom suffered slight wounds or combat fatigue and have already been returned to action in the Iwo opera­tion, numbered 15,308. Missing in action are 441 officers and men.

The majority of our seriously wounded have been evacuated from the island by hospital ship and by evacuation aircraft. Complete medical facili­ties are operating to provide the best possible care for those wounded on Iwo Island. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 303, MARCH 18, 1945 

On March 18 (East Longitude Date) a strong force of carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet attacked enemy aircraft bases and installations on the Island of Kyushu.

The Marines on Iwo mopped up isolated remnants of the former enemy garrison in the rugged terrain of the northern part of the island on March 18. Marine uniforms were again found on enemy soldiers, one of whom stopped one of our ambulances, shot and wounded the driver and escaped. Snipers continued to be active. Army fighters bombed and strafed barges and radio and radar facilities on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on the same date.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed the airfield on Chichi Jima on March 16 and 17.

Without opposition, Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Shimushiru in the Kuriles on March 17. Fighters, dive bombers and torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed radio towers, airstrip and other targets on Yap in the Western Carolines on March 18.

On March 17 and 18, Marine Aircraft attacked buildings, bridges and other facilities on Babelthuap in the Palaus. One plane was lost in the attacks. 

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CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 743, MARCH 18, 1945 

LIEUT.  GEN. HOLLAND M. SMITH, USMC, RETURNS FROM IWO 

Reiterating that the battle for Iwo Jima was "the toughest and hardest fight in Marine Corps history," Lieutenant General Holland M. Smith, USMC, Commanding General of Fleet Marine Force, Pacific, has returned to his Pearl Harbor headquarters with members of his staff.

The bloody conquest of Japan's Gibraltar of the Pacific further evidenced that the fighting will "get tougher" as we close in on the Nipponese empire, General Smith said.

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 585, MARCH 19, 1945

Pacific Area.

1. U. S. submarines operating in Far Eastern waters have sunk 15 enemy vessels, including two escort vessels and three destroyers. The vessels sunk were:

3 destroyers
2 escort vessels 1 large tanker
1 large cargo transport
6 medium cargo vessels
1 medium transport
1 small cargo vessel 

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 304, MARCH 19, 1945 

Carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet continued their attacks on Japan on March 19 (East Longitude Date). They attacked Kobe Kure and other ob­jectives in and around the Inland Sea.

The Marines on Iwo Island continued to search out snipers and isolated remnants of the enemy garrison on March 19.

On the same date Army fighters from Iwo bombed and strafed the airfield and radio stations on Chichi Jima in the Bonins.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed targets on Chichi Jima and Haha Jima on March 18. One enemy fighter was observed in the air at Chichi.

A single Navy search Ventura of Fleet Air Wing Four made rocket attacks on small craft and buildings in the Torishima group southeast of Paramushiru on March 18. On the same date Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Matsuwa in the Kuriles without opposition.

A Navy search Privateer of Fleet Air Wing One sank a lugger and four small craft in the anchorage at Truk in the Carolines on March 19.

Fighters, torpedo planes and dive-bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing struck piers, runways, buildings, and radio installations on Yap in the Western Carolines on March 19.

On the same date Marine aircraft carried out attacks on enemy‑held islands in the Palaus.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing planes continued neutralizing attacks on enemy bases in the Marshalls. 

372

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 305, MARCH 20, 1945 

After a day of destructive attacks on the enemy air force in Kyushu the Fast Carrier Task Force commanded by Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, moved northeast and on March 19 (East Longitude Date) attacked the prin­cipal units of the Japanese Fleet in its home bases in the Inland Sea. During these attacks crippling damage wag inflicted on the Japanese Fleet and many Japanese aircraft were destroyed.

A preliminary report from Admiral R. A. Spruance, Commander Fifth Fleet, who was present in tactical command of the Fleet forces engaged shows that the following damage was inflicted on the enemy during the two days fighting

Aircraft:

200 shot out of the air
275 destroyed on the ground
More than 100 damaged in the first day's attacks, and a large number damaged in the second day's attacks.

Ships sunk:

Six small freighters

Ships damaged:

One or two battleships
Two or three aircraft carriers
Two light aircraft carriers or escort carriers
Two escort carriers
One heavy cruiser
One light cruiser
Four destroyers
One submarine
One destroyer escort
Seven freighters

Ground installations:

A large number of installations including hangars, shops, arsenals and oil storage facilities were destroyed.

Our aircraft losses in combat were extremely light.

The enemy made many air attacks on our forces. None of our ships was lost. One of our ships was seriously damaged and is returning to port under her own power. A few others received minor damage but are fully operational.

Mopping up operations were continued by the Marines in Iwo on March 20.

On March 19, Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed the air­field on Chichi Jima in the Bonins causing explosions and large fires.

Navy search Mariners of Fleet Air Wing One bombed the town of Yap in the western Carolines on March 20.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing fighters continued attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 586, MARCH 21, 1945 

The submarine USS Barbell is overdue from patrol and is presumed lost. Next of kin of officers and crew have been notified. 

373

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 306, MARCH 21, 1945 

On March 20 (East Longitude Date) Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed the airfield on Chichi Jima in the Bonins. Army Mustang Fighters based on Iwo dive bombed barracks, a radio station and other in­stallations on Chichi on the following day.

Navy search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four made rocket and strafing attacks on buildings and small craft at Hayake Kawa on Paramushiru in the Kuriles on March 19. On the same day Mitchells and Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed and strafed canneries, buildings, and radio installations in southern Paramushiru.

Fighters, dive bombers, and torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing carried out rocket and bombing attacks on airfield installations, piers, and buildings on Yap in the western Carolines on March 21.

Navy search Privateers of Fleet Wing Two caused an explosion and fire after bombing attacks on Wake Island on March 20. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 307, MARCH 23, 1945 

Further reports by the Fifth Fleet of attacks by carrier aircraft on Japan during the period of March 18 to 21 (East Longitude Dates) reveal damage inflicted on the enemy air force in addition to that reported in communiqué No. 305 making the total:

281 aircraft shot out of the air.
275 aircraft destroyed on the ground.
175 aircraft probably destroyed or damaged on the ground. 

Reconnaissance reports indicate that extensive damage was done by our carrier aircraft to air installations at Oita, Omura, Kanoya, Kagoshima, Miyazaki, Saeki and Nittagahara during the attacks on Kyushu.

Army Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed the airfield on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 21 and 22. Army Mustang fighters on March 22 and 23 attacked fuel dumps, a weather station and other installations on the same island.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters and Avenger torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed targets in the Palaus on March 22.

Marine aircraft struck dock and airfield installations at Yap in the West­ern Carolines on March 22 and 23.

Navy search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two continued neutralizing at­tacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on March 21. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 308, MARCH 24, 1945 

Following the destructive attacks on objectives in the Inland Sea on March 19 (East Longitude Date), fighting between the carrier‑based aircraft of the Fifth Fleet operating in Japanese home waters and the enemy air force based on Kyushu, Shikoku and Honshu continued on March 20 and 21. Although complete details are not yet available reports show that large num‑

374

bers of Japanese aircraft were shot down both by the fire of the Hellcat and Corsair fighters of the Fleet and by its antiaircraft guns. On the afternoon of March 21 approximately fifty enemy aircraft were shot down in one encounter with a loss of three of our fighters. During this fighting one of our destroyers was seriously damaged and one larger unit received minor damage.

On March 23 and 24, in bad weather, units of the U. S. Pacific Fleet struck objectives in the Ryukyus including aircraft, shipping, airdromes and installations in the Kerama‑Retto at Okinawa, at le Shima and at Minami Daito Shima. Carrier aircraft destroyed some enemy shipping and damaged numerous small craft. Fast battleships attacked coastal objectives with their heavy guns.

Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command based on Iwo attacked targets on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 24.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and damaged the causeway between Koror and Babelthuap in the Palaus and set supply dumps afire elsewhere in these Islands on March 24.

During the week of March 11 through 17, garrison forces killed 51 of the enemy and took 16 prisoners on Saipan, Tinian and Guam in the Marianas and Peleliu in the Palaus.

On March 23, Navy Search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed Wake Island.

Neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls were continued by Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on March 23 and 24.

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 45, MARCH 24, 1945 

The Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet, regrets to announce the loss of the escort aircraft carrier, USS Bismarck Sea, due to enemy action. The commanding officer and most of the ship's company are survivors. Next of kin of those who lost their lives have been notified.

While supporting the assault on Iwo Island, the Bismarck Sea was dam­aged by enemy air attacks on the evening of 21 February (East Longitude Date) and fires were started aboard her. Subsequently the fires spread throughout the ship and, having made every effort to save her, the ship's com­pany was ordered to abandon her. She sank a short time later.

The Bismarck Sea, of the Casablanca Class, was built by the Kaiser Shipyards at Vancouver, Washington, and was commissioned in 1944. After a period of escort duty, she was assigned to the Seventh Fleet and supported the invasion of Lingayen, Luzon. She then joined the forces which participated in the Iwo operation.

Captain John Lockwood Pratt, USN, was commanding officer.

Published information on the Casablanca. Class 

Displacement    ‑About 4,000 tons.
Length              ‑About 500 feet.
Speed               ‑About 19 knots.
Aircraft             ‑About 20. 

375

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 745, MARCH 24, 1945 

NEW COMMANDING GENERAL OF MARINE AIRCRAFT 

Major General James T. Moore, USMC, has been named Commanding General, Aircraft, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific. He succeeds Major General Francis P. Mulcahy, USMC, who will shortly receive a new assignment.

General Moore, who has served 24 years with Marine Corps aviation, is a veteran of 27 months of the Pacific air war. He recently returned from the combat areas where he was, at the same time, Commanding General of the Second Marine Air Wing during the Peleliu operation and Commander, Gar­rison Air Force, Western Carolines.

When war was declared General Moore was serving as Chief of the U. S. Air Mission to Peru and Commanding General of the Peruvian Air Force. In December, 1942, he was named Commanding General of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing which then had its headquarters in the Hawaiian Islands. In May 1943, he began a 17‑month tour of duty in the South Pacific as Chief of Staff of the First Marine Aircraft Wing.

After the occupation of Munda airfield on New Georgia in August 1943, General Moore became Commander, Aircraft, New Georgia, and took command of all Allied air activity in the fight for aerial supremacy over the Central and Northern Solomon Islands.

In the fall of 1943 he became Commanding General, First Marine Aircraft, Wing. He later served as Commander, Aircraft, Emirau Island, during the invasion and consolidation of that element of the St. Mathias group. While there, General Moore also was Island Commander.

He then was named Commander, Aircraft, Solomon Islands, and after a brief period at this post took command of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 309, MARCH 25, 1945 

Avenger torpedo planes and Helldiver bombers of the Fifth Fleet covered by Corsair and Hellcat fighters destroyed a convoy of three large cargo ships, two destroyers, and three other escort vessels west of the Amami Gunto in the Ryukyus on March 24 (East Longitude Date).

On the same date Navy search Liberators of Fleet Air Wing One attacked a medium sized cargo ship in the northern Ryukyus. Navy search Venturas strafed two small cargo ships north of the Bonins on March 25, leaving one ship dead in the water and the other damaged.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed the airfield on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 23. Naval installations and air facilities were bombed and strafed by Army Mustang fighters on March 23 and 24.

Storage areas on Marcus Island were bombed by Seventh Army Air Force Liberators on March 24.

Attacking through intense antiaircraft fire, planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed a bridge and large building and started fires on Babelthuap in the Palaus on March 25.

On the same date installations on Yap in the Western Carolines were bombed by Marine Corsair fighters. 

376

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 310, MARCH 26, 1945 

Carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet attacked airfield and other installations on Okinawa in the Ryukyus on March 26, (East Longitude Date).

Shore installations on the island were brought under fire by fast battle­ships.

During these operations our forces were attacked by a small group of enemy aircraft of which six were destroyed. One of our light units suffered some damage.

On March 24 Seventh Army Air Force bombers attacked installations on the airfield on Chichi Jima in the Bonins. On the following day targets in the same group were bombed by Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command.

An enemy air attack was broken up and a number of enemy bombers were destroyed off Iwo Island by Army Black Widow night fighters during the night of March 25-26. No hostile planes reached the island. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 587, MARCH 27, 1945 

The submarine USS Albacore is overdue from patrol and is presumed lost. The next of kin of officers and crew have been informed. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 311, MARCH 27, 1945 

On March 27, (East Longitude Date) Carrier Aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet continued to attack enemy forces and defense installations in the Ryukyus and surface units attacked coastal objectives with Naval gunfire.

Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing One damaged three small cargo ships in the area around Hachijo Island, 150 miles south of Tokyo on March 26.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed the Suzaki airdrome on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 25. On the following day storage areas and buildings on Marcus Island were attacked by planes of the same force.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters, Helldiver bombers and Avenger torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed buildings and other installations and damaged warehouses, transport and pier facilities on enemy-held islands in the Palaus on March 26 and 27.

Marine fighters and torpedo planes strafed and bombed the airstrip on Yap in the Western Carolines on March 27.

Search planes of Fleet Air Wing One bombed and strafed small craft and installations at Truk in the Central Carolines on March 26.

Navy search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed runways, fuel and ammunition dumps and bivouac areas on Wake Island on March 26.

Helldiver bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed enemy-­held bases in Me Marshalls on March 26.

377

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 312, MARCH 28, 1945 

During the period of March 25 to March 27 inclusive (East Longitude Dates) carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet ranged over the Ryukyu Islands from the Niyako group to Tanega Island, attacking aircraft, shipping and installations. Preliminary reports of damage inflicted on the enemy, in addition to that previously reported, include 

Ships:

Three destroyers or destroyer escorts damaged
One large cargo ship damaged
Two medium cargo ships damaged
Two small cargo ships damaged
Many small craft wrecked
Eight to ten luggers burned
One whaler beached and burned

Aircraft:

Twenty‑five aircraft shot out of the air
Thirteen aircraft burned on the ground

Ground installations:

Submarine pens at Unten Bay on the west coast of Okinawa heavily hit
Gun positions, landing craft, airfields, warehouses, barracks, trucks, and other targets heavily hit at Amami, Tokuno, Okinawa and Kikai Islands.

Some of our units suffered damage under enemy air attacks.

Hellcat and Corsair fighters, Avenger torpedo planes, and Helldiver bombers, continued their attacks on enemy positions in the Ryukyus and battleships continued to shell shore installations on March 28.

On March 27, Navy search Venturas of Fleet Air Wing Four made rocket and machine gun attacks on installations at Tomari Zaki in northeastern Paramushiru in the Kuriles. Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Kataoka on Shimushu on the same date.

Mustang fighters of the Seventh Fighter Command and Seventh Army Air Force Liberators attacked Suzaki airdrome on Chichi Jima in the Bonins and struck radar installations on the island on March 26. Fighters also car­ried attacks on Kitamura Town on Haha Jima on the same date. On March 27 and 28, Mustangs again attacked targets on Chichi Jima and Haha Jima setting fires in ammunition storage areas, buildings and other targets.

Neutralizing attacks were made on enemy‑held islands in the Marshalls on March 27 by aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 588, MARCH 29, 1945

Philippine Area

1. The LCS (L) (3)‑7 and LST 577 have been lost in the Philippine Area as the result of enemy action.

2. The next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

378 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 313, MARCH 29, 1945 

On March 26 and 27 (East Longitude Dates) carrier aircraft of the British Pacific Fleet bombed and strafed installations in the Sakishima group. Twenty enemy aircraft were destroyed on the ground, one small coastal vessel was destroyed and several damaged and the town of Ohama was left in flames.

The British Task Force engaged is commanded by Vice Admiral Sir Bernard Rawlings, Royal Navy, with Rear Admiral Sir Philip Vian, Royal Navy, in command of its carriers. It consists of some of the most powerful ships in the British Navy such as HMS King George V and HMS Illustrious. The British Task Force is now under the operational control of Admiral R. A. Spruance, U. S. Navy, Commander, Fifth Fleet.

The British Pacific Fleet, of which the task force mentioned is a part, is under the command of Admiral Sir Bruce Fraser, Royal Navy. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 314, MARCH 29, 1945 

During the night of March 27‑28 (East Longitude Dates), U. S. surface forces operating in the area of the Ryukyus shot down four enemy aircraft and destroyed a number of enemy torpedo boats.

The U. S. Pacific Fleet continued on March 29 to attack shore installations in the Ryukyus with carrier aircraft and with surface gunfire.

On March 28 search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One sank two small enemy ships north of the Bonins and damaged two others.

Warehouses and defense installations on Haha Jima in the Bonins were bombed and strafed on March 29 by Army Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command.

Helldiver bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two made neutralizing attacks on enemy bases in the Marshalls on March 28. 

CINCPAC PRESS RELEASE NO. 744, MARCH 29, 1945 

VICE ADMIRAL NEWTON BECOMES INSPECTOR GENERAL 

Vice Admiral John H. Newton, USN, has assumed the duties of Inspector General, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas.

As Inspector General he inspects, investigates and reports on all matters affecting the efficiency and economy of the Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas.

Admiral Newton succeeds Rear Admiral John F. Shafroth, USN, who served as Inspector General from 20 March 1944 until recently. Admiral Shafroth has been assigned to other duty afloat.

Admiral Newton until assuming his new duty was Commander, South Pacific Area and South Pacific Force. Other assignments have been: Deputy Commander, South Pacific Area and South Pacific Force, Deputy Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, Sub Chief of Naval Operations, and Commander Cruisers, Scouting Force.

379

N. D. COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 589, MARCH 30, 1945

Pacific Area.

1. United States submarines have reported the sinking of 11 enemy vessels, including a large aircraft carrier and two destroyers, as the result of operations in Far Eastern waters. Enemy ships sunk:

1 large carrier
2 destroyers
3 medium cargo vessels
2 escort vessels
1 large tanker
1 medium cargo transport
1 small cargo vessel

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 315, MARCH 30, 1945 

Seventeen enemy aircraft were shot out of the air by carrier planes and guns of the U. S. Pacific Fleet operating in the waters off the Ryukyus on March 28 and 29 (East Longitude Dates). In addition, fifteen more enemy planes were destroyed on the ground.

Ships' gunfire destroyed four enemy motor torpedo boats on March 29.

Shore installations in the Ryukyus were again brought under fire of heavy units of the Pacific Fleet and carrier aircraft continued to attack military installations on March 30.

Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing destroyed a building and sank a power boat during attacks on targets in the Palaus on March 30. Marine fighters strafed targets on Sonsoral Island southeast of the Palaus on the same date. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 316, MARCH 31, 1945 

During the night of March 27‑28 (East Longitude Dates), barracks, ware­houses, radio station, ammunition dump, buildings, and the airdrome on Minami Daito Island were attacked by gunfire of heavy surface forces of the U. S. Pacific Fleet.

Fast carrier task forces of the U. S. Pacific Fleet inflicted the following damage on the enemy in and around Kyushu and the Ryukyu Islands on March 28 and 29:

Shipping.

Sunk:

Two destroyer escorts
One medium cargo ship
Ten small cargo ships
Four luggers
One motor torpedo boat

Probably sunk:

Nine medium cargo ships
Five small cargo ships

380

Damaged:

One destroyer escort
Thirteen small cargo ships
One medium cargo ship

Aircraft:

29 shot out of the air
One glider shot out of the air
16 destroyed on the ground
42 damaged or destroyed on the ground

Ground installations:

Installations on Tokuno and Yaku bombed heavily
Hangars and shops at Kanoya, Kagoshima, Kushira, Chiran, Tojim­bara, and Ibusuki bombed and burned. 

Our forces lost twelve planes and six pilots in combat during these actions.

On March 30 battleships and light units of the U. S. Pacific Fleet shelled shore installations on Okinawa heavily at close range. Seawalls were breached by gunfire and defenses, gun positions, airfields, and bridges were heavily hit. U. S. carrier aircraft attacked numerous targets on Okinawa destroying four submarine pens and two torpedo boats in the submarine base at Unten Bay on the west coast of the island. Carrier aircraft and heavy units of the Fleet continued their attacks on Okinawa on March 31.

On the same date a carrier task force of the British Pacific Fleet struck targets in the Sakishima group.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed installations on Marcus Island on March 29.

Eleventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed the naval base at Kataoka on Shimushu in the Northern Kuriles on March 30.

Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed targets in the Marshalls on March 30. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 317, APRIL 1, 1945 

The United States Tenth Army, whose principal ground elements include the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps and the Marine Third Amphibious Corps, invaded the west coast of the island of Okinawa in the Ryukyus in great force on the morning of April 1 (East Longitude Date). This landing is the largest amphibious operation of the war in the Pacific to date.

Admiral R. A. Spruance, USN, Commander Fifth Fleet, is in overall tactical command of the operation. The amphibious phase of the operation is under command of Vice Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner, USN, Com­mander Amphibious Forces, Pacific Fleet. The Tenth Army is under com­mand of Lieutenant General Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr., U.S.A.

The landings were made by ships and landing craft of the United States Fifth Fleet supported by the guns and aircraft of that fleet.

The attack on Okinawa has also been covered and supported by attacks of a strong British carrier task force under Vice Admiral Sir Bernard Rawlings against enemy positions in the Sakishima group.

Troops of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps are commanded by Major General John R. Hodge, U.S.A., and the Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps are commanded by Major General Roy S. Geiger, USMC

381

The attack on Okinawa was preceded by the capture of the islands of the Kerama group west of the southern tip of Okinawa which commenced on March 26. The amphibious phases of this preliminary operation were com­manded by Rear Admiral I. N. Kiland, USN The troops consisted of the Seventy‑Seventh Army Division under command of Major General Andrew D. Bruce, U.S.A. The capture of these outposts was completed prior to the main landings on Okinawa and heavy artillery is now emplaced there and in sup­port of the Okinawa attack.

The amphibious support force is under command of Rear Admiral W. H. P. Blandy, USN, who was also present at the capture of the Kerama group of islands and in general charge of those operations. The battleships which form the principal gunfire support element are commanded by Rear Admiral M. L. Deyo, USN.

Fast Carrier Task Forces of the U. S. Pacific Fleet which are participating in the attack are under command of Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, USN The escort carriers which are supporting the attack are under command of Rear Admiral C. T. Durgin, USN.

More than 1,400 ships are involved in the operation. The landings were preceded by and are being covered by heavy gunfire from battleships, cruisers and light units of the U. S. Pacific Fleet. U. S. carrier aircraft are providing close support for the ground troops. Strategic support is being given by the shore‑based air forces of the Southwest Pacific Area, the Pacific Ocean Areas, and by the Twentieth Air Force.

The operation is proceeding according to plan. The troops who went ashore at (1830, Tokyo time, advanced inland rapidly and by 1100 had cap­tured the Yontan and Kadena airports with light losses.

The capture of Iwo Island gave us an air base only 660 miles from Tokyo and greatly intensified our air attacks on Japan. The capture of Okinawa will give us bases only 325 miles from Japan which will greatly intensify the attacks by our fleet and air forces against Japanese communications and against Japan Itself. As our sea and air blockade cuts the enemy off from the world and as our bombing increases in strength and proficiency our final decisive victory is assured. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 318, APRIL 1, 1945 

United States forces on Okinawa advanced inland rapidly throughout the first day of the assault and by 1800 on April 1 (East Longitude Date) forward elements of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps and Marine Third Amphibious Corps had expanded the beachhead to a three mile depth at several points. Enemy resistance continued to be light. Sporadic mortar and artillery fire fell on the beaches early in the day. The landing beaches were made secure against small arms fire as our forces deepened their positions behind the beaches. Heavy units of the Fleet continued to shell enemy installations on the island and carrier aircraft gave close support to the ground troops throughout the day. Four enemy planes attacking our surface forces were destroyed. Unloading of supplies on the beaches has begun.

Installations on Ishigaki and Miyako Islands in the Sakishima group were heavily hit by carrier aircraft of the British Pacific Fleet on March 31 and April 1. Of 20 Japanese aircraft which landed in the Sakishimas during these attacks, 14 were destroyed and 6 damaged by British aircraft.

382

Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command bombed Susaki airfield and harbor installations at Chichi Jima and other targets on Haha Jima in the Bonins on March 31.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters bombed supply areas in the Palaus on March 31. One of our fighters was destroyed but the pilot was rescued. On the same date, Marine fighters bombed the airstrip on Yap in the western Carolines. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 590, APRIL 2, 1945

Pacific Area. 

1. The LCI (G) 974 has been lost in the Philippine Area as the result of enemy action.

2. Next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 319, APRIL 2, 1945 

Elements of Twenty Fourth Army Corps moved across the island of Okinawa on April 2 (East Longitude Date) to a point on the east coast near the village of Tobara. Advances averaging several thousand yards were made along the entire Tenth Army line against scattered resistance. In the center of the island in rugged terrain increasing enemy activity was being encountered by some of our troops. In the northern sector advances were made throughout the day by the Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps. The ground troops were supported in their drive by carrier aircraft, by gunfire from heavy units of the U. S. Pacific Fleet, and by field artillery. Observa­tion planes began operation from Yontan and Kadena airfields. During the night of April 1 and 2, five enemy aircraft were shot down. The unloading of supplies is proceeding satisfactorily.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters and Avenger torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked houses, a causeway, and a bridge and set a supply dump afire in the Palaus on April 2.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed runways on Susaki air­field on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on March 31. 

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 56, APRIL 2, 1945 

Major General James E. Chaney, U. S. Army, has assumed duty as Island Commander of Iwo Island.

Brigadier General Ernest M. Moore, U. S. Army, commanding general of the VII Fighter Command of the Seventh Air Force has also been assigned duty in command of all aircraft of all services based at Iwo Island. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 320, APRIL 3, 1945 

The Marine Third Amphibious Corps and the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps made rapid gains in all sectors of the lines on Okinawa Island on April 3 (East Longitude Date). In the north, the Marines advanced generally from 4,000 to 6,000 yards reaching the East Coast near Katchin Peninsula and cutting it off. Units of the Seventh Infantry Division which had reached the 

383

eastern shore of Okinawa the previous day moved southward along the shore of Katsurin Bay on the east coast from a point near the town of Takaesu to Kuba Town. Our front lines in the southern sector at nightfall of April 3, approximated a line from Kuba Town in the east to Chiyunna in the west. Resistance throughout the day was negligible. The advancing troops were supported by gunfire from heavy units of the Fleet. Ships' guns and carrier aircraft shot down 11 enemy planes during the day. Unloading of supplies continues satisfactorily.

Fast carriers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet attacked targets in the Sakishima Group on April 3.

On March 30‑31, Corsair and Hellcat fighters, Helldiver bombers, and Avenger torpedo planes from carriers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet supporting the Okinawa operation inflicted the following damage on enemy forces in the Ryukyus: 

Aircraft:

Seventeen shot out of the air.
Five destroyed on the ground.
Nineteen damaged in the air and on the ground.

Shipping:

Sunk:

Three motor torpedo boats.
Two small cargo ships.
Nine small craft.

Probably Sunk:

One small cargo ship.
Four small craft.

Damaged:

One motor torpedo boat.
Four small cargo ships.
One lugger.
Fourteen small craft.

Installations:

Six submarine pens at Unten Bay, Okinawa, destroyed and another heavily damaged.

Mills, barracks, bridges, radio stations, pillboxes, buildings, docks, gun positions and covered revetments destroyed or damaged on Okinawa.

Other installations on Tokuno, Amami, Kikai and Minami, Daito Islands, heavily hit.

Installations on Marcus Island were bombed on April 2 by Army Libera­tors of the Strategic Air Force.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked buildings, vehicles and barges in and around the Palau Islands on April 3.

During the week ending March 31, 69 Japanese were killed and 13 taken prisoner by U. S. patrols on Saipan, Tinian and Guam in the Marianas.

Navy Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two made neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on April 2. 

384

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 321, APRIL 4, 1945 

The East Coast of Okinawa Island from Yaka in the north to Kuba Town in the south was brought under the control of the Tenth Army on April 4 (East Longitude Date). Elements of the Marine Third Amphibious Corps pushing north and east simultaneously established their front line on the Isthmus of Okinawa about 3,000 to 4,000 yards north of Ishikawa and cap­tured all sections of the east coast in their zone of action. In the south, the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps advanced steadily and at nightfall were holding a line between Uchi Tomari on the West Coast, Kamiyama in the center of the island, and a point just north of Nakagusuku on the east coast. The enemy offered scattered resistance to the advances of our troops. Concentrations of troops and vehicles fn the southern part of the island were brought under fire by the guns of surface units of the fleet and by carrier aircraft supporting the attack. The unloading of supplies for the Expeditionary Forces ashore con­tinues satisfactorily.

The enemy made several small air attacks against our surface forces early in the morning of April 4. Four of his aircraft were shot down.

Aircraft from a carrier task group commanded by Rear Admiral Frederick C. Sherman, U. S. Navy, attacked aircraft, airfields, and other installations in the Amami Group on April 3. The following damage was inflicted on the enemy:

Forty‑five aircraft shot out of the air.
Two aircraft destroyed on the ground.
Nine aircraft damaged on the ground.
Twenty‑five small craft damaged or destroyed.
Two small cargo ships damaged.
One motor torpedo boat damaged.
Fuel dumps and buildings set afire.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed warehouse and supply areas in the Palaus on April 4. On the same date, Marine fighters struck piers at Yap in the western Carolines.

On April 3, Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing planes continued neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls.

APRIL 5, 1945

JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF

The Joint Chiefs of Staff today made the following announcement regard­ing the command directive for the war against Japan: 

1. The Joint Chiefs of Staff, with the approval of the President, have modified the command organization for the war against Japan with a view to giving full effect to the application of our forces against the Japanese including the large forces to be redeployed from Europe, taking into account the changed conditions resulting from our progress in both the Southwest Pacific and the Pacific Ocean Areas. The rapid advances made in both areas, which have brought us into close proximity with the Japanese homeland and the China Coast, and the corresponding change in the character of operations to be conducted are the considerations which dictated the new directive. 

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2. General MacArthur, Commander of the Southwest Pacific Area, under the terms of the new directive will be given command of all Army forces and resources in the Pacific Theater. Similarly, Admiral Nimitz, Commander of the Pacific Ocean Areas, will be given command of all Naval forces and resources in the Pacific Theater. General Arnold will continue in command of the 20th Air Force.

3. The Joint Chiefs of Staff will continue to exercise strategic direc­tion of the entire Pacific Theater and will charge either General MacArthur or Admiral Nimitz with the over‑all responsibility for conducting specific operations or campaigns. Normally General MacArthur will be charged with the conduct of land campaigns and Admiral Nimitz with the conduct of sea campaigns. Each Commander will furnish the forces and resources of his service for the joint forces which are required for the conduct of the operation or campaign which has been duly directed by the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

4. Essentially the new arrangement permits either Commander in Chief to conduct operations or campaigns in any part of the entire theater as directed by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the choice as to which shall be charged with the responsibility in each case will be dependent on the nature of the operation or campaign which is to be undertaken. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 591, APRIL 5, 1945

Pacific Area. 

1. The LCI (G) 474 was lost in the Iwo Jima area as the result of enemy action.

2. The next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 322, APRIL 5, 1945 

Our troops in both the northern and southern sectors of Okinawa con­tinued to advance on April 5. By 1800 on that date, Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps had moved forward generally 8,000 to 9,000 yards on Ishikawa Isthmus, the southern end of their line being in the neighborhood of Kin Town. Japanese opposition in the north continued to be ineffective. Army troops in the south made advances up to about 3,000 yards. In this sector, elements of the Twenty Fourth Army Corps moved into areas organ­ized for defense by the enemy and at nightfall resistance to the advance was increasing. Our advancing troops were supported throughout the day by gunfire from units of the U. S. Pacific Fleet and by carrier aircraft. During the period of April 1 to 1800 on April 5, 65 enemy aircraft have been de­stroyed over our forces attacking Okinawa. During the Okinawa operation as of midnight April 4‑5, 175 soldiers and Marines had been killed in action. Figures as to Naval personnel are not available. Seven hundred and ninety eight soldiers and Marines had been wounded in action during the same period.

Organization for military government in the area of Okinawa under our control has been established and is functioning satisfactorily. About 9,000

386

civilians have surrendered to our forces. Considerable stocks of enemy food­stuffs have been captured and are available for civilian use.

On April 5, Hellcat and Corsair fighters and Avenger torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked targets in the Palaus. A ware­house was destroyed and barges and vehicles were damaged. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 323, APRIL 6, 1945 

By late afternoon on April 6 (East Longitude Date), Hellcat and Corsair fighters from two fast carrier task groups of the U. S. Pacific Fleet com­manded by Rear Admirals Frederick C. Sherman and J. J. Clark, USN, had shot down about 150 enemy aircraft which were attempting to attack fleet surface units in the area of the Ryukyus. This tally of damage is preliminary and incomplete. Some ships of our forces received minor damage but all remain fully operational.

United States troops on Okinawa continued to attack in both the northern and southern sectors. At midday the Marine Third Amphibious Corps had advanced 3,000 to 5,000 yards against small scattered groups of the enemy on Ishikawa Isthmus. In the south, the Twenty Fourth Army Corps was encountering stiffened enemy resistance in areas organized by the enemy for defense and supported by enemy artillery. Our forces were being supported continuously by ships' gunfire and by carrier aircraft. During the night of April 5‑6, nine enemy planes were shot down near our forces around Okinawa.

In capturing the Kerama group of islands preliminary to the attack on Okinawa, U. S. forces killed 539 of the enemy and captured 166 prisoners of war.

Search aircraft of Fleet Wing One shot down two enemy aircraft in the Ryukyus area on April 6. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 324, APRIL 7, 1945 

On April 6 and 7 (East Longitude Dates) the enemy attempted strong counterattacks against our forces operating in the vicinity of Okinawa.

During the late afternoon and evening of April 6, a large force of enemy aircraft attacked our ships and shore installations in the vicinity of Okinawa. One hundred sixteen of these enemy aircraft were destroyed‑55 by our fighters and the remainder by our antiaircraft fire. The attacking enemy aircraft pressed their attacks in with desperation and succeeded in sinking three of our destroyers and damaging several destroyers and smaller craft. No larger fleet units were hit.

Early on April 7, Navy Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One sighted an enemy surface force which had left the Inland Sea and passing south of Kyushu had headed into the East China Sea. The force included the large battleship Yamato, the most powerful ship left in the Japanese Navy, an Agano class light cruiser, one other small light cruiser or large destroyer, and a number of destroyers. A fast carrier task force commanded by Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher steamed toward the enemy at high speed and dur­ing the middle of the day brought the Japanese Force under air attack.

Our carrier aircraft which had destroyed 245 enemy aircraft on April 6, met no opposition over the Japanese ships but did meet heavy antiaircraft fire. At a point about 50 miles southwest of Kyushu they sank the Yamato, the light Agano class cruiser, the small cruiser and three destroyers. Three other destroyers were left burning. About three destroyers escaped from this attack. 

387 

The Yamato was hit by at least eight torpedoes and eight heavy bombs. All the enemy ships were heavily strafed with rockets and machine guns.

Our carriers lost seven aircraft in this action. During minor contacts on April 7, they and their aircraft shot down 30 enemy aircraft. The task groups participating were commanded by Rear Admirals F. C. Sherman, U. S. Navy, A. W. Radford, U. S. Navy, G. F. Bogan, U. S. Navy, and J. J. Clark, U. S. Navy.

The Marine Third Amphibious Corps on Okinawa moved forward steadily in the northern sector throughout the afternoon of April 6. By 1800, it had made advances which placed its front lines across Ishikawa Isthmus from Chuda on the west coast to the mouth of the Kinbaru River on the east coast. In the south, strong enemy resistance developed during the day. From its' strong defensive positions the enemy employed machine gun, small arms, mortar and artillery fire against the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps throughout April 6, and the following night. Army troops along the East Coast in the southern sector advanced about 2,000 yards during the afternoon of April 6, and occupied the town of Tsuwa. The enemy in the south was brought under heavy fire by our artillery throughout the day.

Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One attacked airfields in Kyushu, de­stroying four fighters on the ground, probably destroying three others and damaging about 15 more by strafing.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed dock installations and buildings at Truk in the Carolines on April 5.

Neutralizing raids on enemy bases in the Marshalls were continued on April 5 by planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 325, APRIL 7, 1945 

The Marine Third Amphibious Corps continued to drive northward against negligible enemy resistance on the Ishikawa Isthmus of Okinawa on April 7 (East Longitude Date). By noon of that date, the Marines had advanced about 3,000 yards to the vicinity of Nago Town on the west coast and Ora Bay on the east coast. The Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps in the south was moving through difficult terrain in which the enemy is fortified behind an extensive system of strong points, pillboxes, blockhouses and trenches. Carrier aircraft, ships' guns and heavy artillery continued to bombard enemy positions. A small group of aircraft attacked our forces early in the day. Twelve were shot down.

A carrier task force of the British Pacific Fleet attacked airfields and other installations on Ishigaki and Miyako in the Sakishima group on April 6 and 7. British fighters destroyed five enemy aircraft in the air and three others on the ground.

Further information on the action of fast carrier task forces of the U. S. Pacific Fleet on April 6 shows that our aircraft sank four small cargo ships and many small craft in the area of the Ryukyus and ‑destroyed two aircraft on the ground, this damage being in addition to that previously reported. On April 7, after attacking Japanese surface forces off Kyushu, one of our heavy fleet units suffered minor damage during an aircraft attack but is fully oper­ational.

Hellcat and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed warehouses and other installations in the Palaus on April 7. 

388

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 63, APRIL 7, 1945 

Additional information on the three‑day strike of the British Pacific Fleet on the Sakishima Group 31 March to 2 April (East Longitude Dates) shows extensive damage inflicted on enemy ground installations in those islands, destruction of 22 enemy aircraft and damage to nine others. Some major units of the British Pacific Fleet sustained slight damage from enemy aircraft during the attacks but all major units remained fully operational. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 326, APRIL 8, 1945 

On the afternoon of April 7 (East Longitude Date) the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps drove into heavily defended terrain in the southern sector of Okinawa and captured the villages of Uchitomari and Kaniku. The enemy resisted stubbornly from numerous pillboxes and blockhouses which are em­placed to take full advantage of the broken terrain. In the north, Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps continued to move northward rapidly against negligible opposition. Four enemy aircraft appeared in the Okinawa area on April 7 and all were shot down.

On the following day Twenty‑Fourth Corps troops made small gains against heavy opposition in the south. By 1800 of that date the front line on their right had moved forward about 200 yards and on the left about 400 yards. Heavy artillery was used by the enemy throughout the night and day. Our troops are being supported by ships' gunfire, carrier aircraft and field artillery. In the northern sector of the island on April 8, Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps had moved 3,000 to 4,800 yards westward along Motobu peninsula by nightfall.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing have begun to use the captured air fields on Okinawa. Major General F. P. Mulcahy, USMC, is present in command of the tactical air forces on shore at Okinawa. Nine enemy aircraft were destroyed on April 8 by various forces.

By the end of April 7, 30,000 civilians were under care of the U. S. Mili­tary Government on Okinawa. Native housing is being utilized fully.

Carrier aircraft attacked shipping and installations in the area of the Amami group on April 8. A small cargo ship was set afire and a lugger de­stroyed. 

JOINT STATEMENT, APRIL 9, 1945 

The following joint Anglo‑American statement on submarine and anti­submarine operations is issued under the authority of the President and the Prime Minister: 

"During March the U‑boat effort continued to increase but fewer successes were obtained against our shipping than in February. Casualties inflicted on U‑boats were again severe and the prolonged and extensive bombing and mine-laying policy of the Allies has undoubtedly delayed the introduction of the new type U‑boats. In a similar manner the capture of Danzig by the Soviet army helps to cut off the evil at its source."

389

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 327, APRIL 9, 1945 

About half of Motobu Peninsula was brought under U. S. control by Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps on Okinawa on April 9 (East Longi­tude Date). A general advance of 3,000 to 4,000 yards was made during the day against opposition which continued to be scattered and ineffective. Ad­vance element of the Third Corps on Ishikawa Isthmus were reported in the vicinity of Kushibaru Town.

The Twenty Fourth Army Corps made small local gains in the southern sector against enemy opposition which continued to be heavy. The volume of enemy small arms and machine gun fire on the southern front increased during the day of April 9, and mortar and artillery fire continued to be heavy. Heavy gunfire from fleet units was concentrated on enemy installations in southern Okinawa during the day resulting in destruction of guns, emplace­ments, barracks, and small craft. Carrier air craft from the Pacific Fleet and both Army and Marine artillery supported the attacking U. S. Army troops. During the evening of April 9 about 10 enemy aircraft attacked our forces in the area of Okinawa. Seven were destroyed.

Army Black Widow night-fighters attacked targets in the Bonins on the nights of April 8 and 9. Army Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command made daylight attacks on enemy installations in the Bonins on the same dates.

Ammunition dumps, storage dumps, buildings and other installations in the Palaus were destroyed on April 8 and 9 by Corsair fighters and Avenger torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing.

A single search Privateer of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed installations on Wake Island on the night of April 8.

On the same date Helldiver bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralizing attacks on enemy positions in the Marshalls. 

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 65, APRIL 9, 1945 

During the heaviest aerial attacks on our forces around Okinawa on 8 April (East Longitude Date), Vice Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner, U. S. Navy, received the following report via. voice radio from a minesweeper under his command 

"We have been hit twice in attacks by two aircraft but we splashed the third one. Six wounded in action. We are now taking a damaged destroyer in tow." 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 328, APRIL 10, 1945 

After beating off two small counterattacks on Motobu Peninsula on the evening of April 9 (East Longitude Date), Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps on Okinawa continued their advance on April 10, moving their lines generally about 2500 yards westward to the Manna river on the south and Unten Bay on the north. Enemy submarine pens at Unten Bay and other in­stallations were captured. On Ishikawa Isthmus, Marines moved northward to the vicinity of Tsuwa Village.

The Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps in the southern sector of the Okinawa battle continued to meet stubborn enemy resistance along its entire front. At 1800 on April 10 there were no substantial changes in the lines. Backed by heavy artillery fire, the enemy made several unsuccessful counterattacks

390

against our positions. Army troops were supported by intense Marine and Army artillery fire by carrier aircraft and by Naval gunfire from major units of the Pacific Fleet.

Elements of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps landed on Tsugen Island about ten miles off the east coast of Okinawa on the morning of April 10 en. countering some enemy resistance..

At the end of April 8 our forces on Okinawa had killed 5,009 of the enemy and had taken 222 prisoners of war. At that time 43,378 civilians were under care of the U. S. Military Government.

Search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One bombed hangars and barracks on Tanega Island in the northern Ryukyus on April 10.

Army Black Widow night fighters strafed and bombed installations in the Bonins on the night of April 9‑10. Seventh Fighter Command Mustangs bombed docks and shipping at Chichi Jima on April 10 scoring a hit on a small cargo ship.

Targets in the Palaus were struck by Hellcat and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on April 10. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 329, APRIL 11, 1945 

No substantial changes were made in the lines on Okinawa on April 11 (East Longitude Date). In the south the enemy continued to resist attacks of the Twenty Fourth Army Corps with artillery, mortar and small arms fire. In the north Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps met some organized resistance on Motobu Peninsula but continued to advance northward on Ishi­kawa Isthmus.

Army troops of the Twenty‑Fourth Corps reduced enemy points of re­sistance on Tsugen Island off the east coast of Okinawa and occupied the island on April 11.

Direct support was provided for our forces by carrier aircraft, Naval gun­fire and Marine and Army artillery. Our forces in the Okinawa area were attacked sporadically by enemy aircraft, four of which were destroyed.

United States forces on Okinawa had lost 432 killed at the end of April 9. Our wounded for the same period were 2,103. A total of 180 were missing.

On the night of April 10, Army Black Widow night fighters strafed and bombed targets on Haha Jima and Chichi Jima in the Bonins. On the same date a Marine Mitchell of the Strategic Air Force attacked a large cargo ship north of the Bonins scoring rocket hits on it and leaving it dead in the water.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked buildings and other installations on islands in the Palaus and on Yap in the Western Carolines on April 11. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 592, APRIL 12, 1945

Pacific Area. 

1. The submarine USS Scamp is overdue from patrol and presumed lost.

2. The LCS (L) (S)‑49 was lost in the Philippine area as the result of enemy action.

3. The next of kin of casualties have been informed in both cases.

391

APRIL 12, 1945 

DEATH OF PRESIDENT TOLD TO NAVAL SERVICE IN MESSAGE FOND SECRETARY OF THE NAVY FORRESTAL 

News of the death of President Roosevelt was dispatched to all ships and stations of the United States Navy tonight in a message by Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal, who called upon the Nation's sea forces to pay tribute to the memory of the Nation's leader by carrying on "in the tradition of which he was so proud."

The Secretary's message follows: 

"I have the sad duty of announcing to the naval service the death of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the President of the United States, which occurred on twelve April.

"The world has lost a champion of democracy who can Ill be spared by our country and the Allied cause. The Navy which he so dearly loved can pay no better tribute to his memory than to carry on in the tradition of which he was so proud.

"Colors shall be displayed at half mast for thirty days beginning 0800 thirteen April West Longitude Date insofar as war operations permit. Memorial services shall be held on the day of the funeral to be announced later at all yards and stations and on board all vessels of the Navy, war operations permitting.

"Wearing of mourning badges and firing of salutes will be dispensed with in view of war conditions." 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 330, APRIL 12, 1945 

The Sixth Marine Division on Okinawa moved forward against sporadic resistance by the enemy on Motobu Peninsula on April 12 (East Longitude Date). On Ishikawa Isthmus our troops continued to press northward over rugged terrain and extremely poor roads. The First Marine Division continued mopping up in its zone of action.

There was virtually no change in the lines in the Southern sector of Okinawa where the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps, including elements of the Twenty‑Seventh and Ninety‑Sixth Divisions, continued to meet strong enemy resistance on April 12.

On April 12, large numbers of enemy aircraft made desperate suicidal attacks on our forces in the Okinawa Area. Early in the morning, seven enemy aircraft were shot down in the vicinity of the Hagushi beaches. During the afternoon, ships' guns, carrier aircraft and shore‑based antiaircraft shot down 111 of the attackers. One of our destroyers was sunk during these attacks and several other surface units were damaged but remained in operation.

Installations on Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonins were bombed and strafed on the night of April 11‑12 by Army Black Widow night fighters.

Warehouse and other installations in the Palaus and facilities on the airfield on Yap in the Western Carolines were bombed by Hellcat and Corsair fighters and Avenger torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing on April 12.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed installations on Truk in the Carolines on April 11. 

392

Search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Four and Mitchells and Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force on April ?, made rocket machine gun and bombing attacks on installations on Shimushu, Paramushiru, and the Tori­shima Group in the Northern Kuriles. On April 11, further attacks were carried out by Eleventh Army Air Force aircraft on the Kataoka Naval Base on Shimushu where Army planes damaged one of several enemy fighters which attacked them. Fleet Air Wing Four Search planes made rocket and strafing attacks on installations at the mouth of the Hayake River on Paramushiru on April 11. Minami Cape on Shimushu and Masu Town on Paramushiru were bombed by Army Mitchells on the same date. All our aircraft returned safely. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 593, APRIL 13, 1945

Far Eastern Waters. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 15 enemy vessels, in­cluding two combatant ships‑an escort vessel and a converted gunboat. Re­ported sunk were:

1 escort vessel
2 destroyer transports
1 large tanker
1 naval auxiliary
1 converted gunboat
6 medium cargo vessels
1 medium tanker
2 small cargo vessels

2. These sinkings have not been reported in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 331, APRIL 13, 1945 

During the early morning of April 13, the enemy in the Southern sector of Okinawa counterattacked in battalion strength but was beaten back with numerous losses by the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps, supported by Naval gun fire and artillery. No substantial change was made in the lines in the South during the day.

On Motobu Peninsula in the North, Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps continued to engage groups of the enemy in sporadic fighting. Third Corps troops on Ishikawa Isthmus continued to press northward against In­effective resistance.

Aircraft from fast carriers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet shot down over 100 enemy planes in the area of the Ryukyus on April 11‑12, in addition to those reported destroyed in communiqué No. 330. At Tokuno and Kikai Islands, eight more planes were destroyed on the ground and fuel dumps and ware­houses were damaged or set afire.

On April 12, Shinchiku and Kiirun airfields on Formosa were attacked by Seafire and Hellcat fighters of the British Pacific Fleet. Sixteen enemy planes were shot out of the air, one was destroyed on the ground, and five were damaged.

393

On the following day, U. S. carrier aircraft shot one plane down and des­troyed 12 others on the ground in the Northern Ryukyus. Attacking shipping end ground installations in and around the Ryukyus our planes destroyed 23 Barges and small craft, damaged airfields and set buildings afire.

During the period March 18 to April 12, inclusive, U. S. Fast Carrier Task Forces under command of Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, U. S. Navy, hot down 841 enemy planes in combat, destroyed 73 by gunfire and destroyed 363 on the ground.

Navy Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One destroyed a large radio station on Gaja Island in the Northern Ryukyus and sank a picket ship and set second vessel afire north of the Bonins on April 13.

Army Black Widow night fighters bombed and strafed harbor installations at Chichi Jima and Haha Jima in the Bonins on the night of April 12‑13.

On April 12, a single Navy Search Privateer of Fleet Air Wing Two combed installations on Wake Island.

Marine Corsairs and Hellcats of the Fourth Aircraft Wing bombed ware­houses and buildings in the Palaus and on Yap in the Western Carolines on April 13.

Marine fighters and bombers continued neutralizing raids on enemy‑held gases in the Marshalls on April 12. 

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 72, APRIL 13, 1945 

The Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, has authorized the following, statement: 

For some months the Japanese have been employing aircraft on a gradually increasing scale in suicidal attacks upon our forces in the Western Pacific. These aircraft were initially piloted by a group of pilots who were known as the "Kamikaze Corps" by the Japanese. The enemy has made much in his propaganda of this "sure death‑sure hit" suicide technique which is simply an attempt to crash planes on the decks of our ships.

The enemy has expended a large number of planes and personnel on missions of this nature with negligible effect on the continuing success of our operations. Some major units of the fleet have been damaged, but no battle­ship, fast carrier or cruiser has been sunk. Some smaller ships have been sunk, but in the great majority of cases they have remained in operation after being struck by one of these suicide planes. This reflects considerable credit on our officers and men and also on the designers and builders of our ships.

Effective methods of meeting and destroying suicidal attacks have been developed and will continue to be employed to increase the toll of Japanese aircraft shot down by our aircraft and by our antiaircraft guns.

The "suicide attack" and the so‑called "Kamikaze Corps" are the products of an enemy trapped in an increasingly desperate situation. Pushed back upon heir own inner defenses the Japanese have resorted to fanatical methods which, from a purely military viewpoint, are of doubtful value.

The "Kamikaze Corps" is apparently being used not only to attempt to damage our ships but also to stir the lagging spirits of the Japanese people. Although these "sure death‑sure hit" pilots are reported to be volunteers, many have very willingly become survivors of "suicide" missions and are now prisoners of war. 

394

The enemy claims for the accomplishments of "suicide swimmers, human torpedoes and suicide speed boats" hardly need comment. In the majority of such attacks up to this date these personnel have failed completely in their missions but have been successful in committing suicide.

The "suicide" technique is continuing at the present time. Although it is always considered and prepared for as a factor in estimating the enemy's capabilities it cannot prevent our continuing success in the war in the Pacific. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 332, APRIL 14, 1945 

Elements of the Marine Third Amphibious Corps on Okinawa Island on April 14 advanced northward to the vicinity of Momubaru Town on the west coast and Arakawa Town on the east coast. Resistance was negligible. The Marines on Motobu Peninsula are now in possession of most of that area and are attacking small concentrations of enemy troops which continue to resist.

In the southern sector during the early morning hours of April 14, the enemy mounted a small counterattack which was immediately beaten off by troops of the Ninety Sixth Army Division. Enemy positions were brought under fire of field artillery, ships' guns, and carrier and land‑based aircraft.

A few enemy aircraft appeared in the area off Okinawa during the day and nine were shot down by our combat air patrols.

Aircraft from carriers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet bombed airfields on Ishigaki and Miyako Islands in the Sakishima group on April 14, destroying seven aircraft on the ground and damaging twenty five more.

Without opposition, carrier aircraft of the British Pacific Fleet struck airfields and installations at Matsuyama and Shinchiku on Formosa on April 13. A number of aircraft were damaged on the ground and hangars, barracks, buildings, a railway bridge, a train and other targets were heavily hit. Several small groups of enemy planes attempted to attack surface units of the British force and three of these were shot down. The task force suffered no damage.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed enemy islands in the Palaus on April 14. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 333, APRIL 15, 1945 

Three enemy counterattacks in the Southern sector of Okinawa were broken up by Marine and Army artillery on the night of April 14‑15 (East Longitude Date). At noon on April 15, the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps lines were unchanged.

In the north, Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps continued to mop up small units of the enemy. In the Western area of Motobu Peninsula one isolated group of the enemy was offering stiff resistance.

Ground forces continued to receive effective support from Naval guns, carrier and land-based aircraft, and field artillery.

Keufu Island in the Kerama Group was occupied by our troops on April 14.

Privateers of Fleet Air Wing One damaged a small cargo ship near Tanega Island in the northern Ryukyus and bombed and strafed buildings and radio towers on the Island on April 15.

395

A Marine Mitchell scored rocket hits on a small ship in the area of the Bonins on the night of April 14‑15. On the same date, Army night fighters attacked targets on Haha Jima, Chichi Jima and Muko Jima in the Bonins.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing damaged bridge and pier installations in the Palaus on April 15. 

CINCPOA ADVANCE HEADQUARTERS, GUAM, APRIL 15, 1945 

1. Elements of the Marine Third Amphibious Corps on Okinawa Island on April 14 advanced northward to the vicinity of Momubaru town on the west coast and Arakawa town on the east coast. Resistance was negligible. The Marines on Motobu Peninsula are now in possession of most of that area and are attacking small concentrations of enemy troops which continue to resist.

2. In the southern sector during the early morning hours of April 14 the enemy mounted a small counterattack which was immediately beaten off by troops of the Ninety Sixth Army Division. Enemy positions were brought under fire of field artillery, ships' guns and carrier and land‑based aircraft.

3. A few enemy aircraft appeared in the area off Okinawa during the day and nine were shot down by our combat air patrols.

4. Aircraft from carriers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet bombed airfields on Ishigaki and Miyako Islands in the Sakishima group on 14 April, destroying seven aircraft on the ground and damaging twenty five more.

5. Without opposition, carrier aircraft of the British Pacific Fleet struck airfields and installations at Matsuyama and Shinchiku on Formosa on 13 April. A number of aircraft were damaged on the ground and hangars, bar­racks, buildings, a railway bridge, a train and other targets were heavily hit. Several small groups of enemy planes attempted to attack surface units of the British force and three of these were shot down. The task force suffered no damage.

6. Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed enemy islands in the Palaus on 14 April. 

C. W. NIMITZ,
Fleet Admiral, U. S. Navy,
Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet,
and Pacific Ocean Areas.

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 334, APRIL 16, 1945 

Supported by carrier aircraft and by naval gunfire, elements of the Twenty Fourth Army Corps landed on le Shima, an island west of Okinawa, on the morning of April 16 (East Longitude Date). Advancing inland rapidly against resistance which was initially light but later stiffened, our troops captured the enemy airfield and secured most of the area west of that point. The greater part of the enemy defense force has been driven back to defensive positions in the pinnacles southeast of the airfield.

Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps continued to attack groups of the enemy on Motobu Peninsula, Okinawa, on April 16. Marine forces con­tinued to advance northward in the rugged terrain of the island north of the peninsula.

There was little change in the lines of the Twenty Fourth Army Corps in the southern sector of Okinawa. Naval guns and carrier planes attacked enemy positions in the south.

396

At the end of April 13 our forces on Okinawa had killed 9,108 of the enemy and captured 391 prisoners of war. About 85,000 civilians had come under jurisdiction of the U. S. Military Government on the island by the end of April 15. Our Military Government authorities have constructed one large camp and have taken over thirteen villages for use of civilians. Civilian food­stuffs are being salvaged and used. Our medical facilities have proved ade­quate for treatment of civilians thus far.

Fast carrier task forces of the U. S. Pacific Fleet attacked aircraft, air­fields and other military installations in the northern Ryukyus and on the island of Kyushu during the period April 12 to 15 (East Longitude Dates). In sweeps over airfields on Kikai and Tanega our planes shot down 77 enemy aircraft from April 12 to 14. Attacking major air bases at Kanoya and Kushira on Kyushu on April 15, U. S. carrier planes shot down 29 aircraft, destroyed 58 on the ground and damaged 60 more.

The enemy launched heavy air attacks against our forces in and around Okinawa on the morning of April 16. Strong combat air patrols from the fast carrier task forces of the U. S. Pacific Fleet met the attacking enemy aircraft and preliminary reports indicate that our planes shot down 62 enemy aircraft over the Okinawa area. Fighters, sweeping Kyushu, shot down 22 more, anti­aircraft guns of the fast carrier forces shot down 15, and 67 more were shot out of the air by combat air patrols in the Ryukyus area.

Ship's antiaircraft fire off the Okinawa beaches destroyed 38 Japanese planes on April 16. Land‑based aircraft shot down an unreported number.

On April 16, Army Mustang fighters of the Seventh Fighter Command based on Iwo Island attacked ground installations at Kanoya and Kushira on Kyushu.

Army Black Widow night fighters attacked military installations in the Bonins during the night of April 15‑16. Search planes of Fleet Air Wing One damaged a small cargo ship heavily on April 16 in the northern Ryukyus. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 335, APRIL 17, 1945 

About two thirds of the area of le Shima was brought under the control of the Tenth Army on April 17 (East Longitude Date) as our attacking forces wheeled eastward to occupy a line running from the northeast corner of the airfield along the base of the island's central pinnacle and through the town of Iegusugu to the southern coast. Resistance was moderate throughout the day.

Small pockets of the enemy continued to resist attacks of Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps on Motobu Peninsula and in northern Okinawa.

In the south there was no change in the lines of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps.

Our troops in both the northern and southern sectors were supported throughout the day by heavy Naval gunfire, carrier aircraft and Army and Marine artillery. A few enemy reconnaissance planes were in the Okinawa area during the day.

Search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One destroyed two small cargo ships at anchor near Tanega Island in the northern Ryukyus and demolished a ware­house on the island with a direct bomb hit on April 17. In waters east of the Ryukyus, Fleet Air Wing One planes sank three small cargo ships and dam­aged three others on the same date.

United States forces attacking the home islands of Japan and the island 

397

groups of the Ryukyus since initiation of the Ryukyus campaign on March 18 to April 17, inclusive, have, destroyed more than 2200 Japanese aircraft in the air and on the ground. Aircraft from the fast carriers of the Pacific Fleet have destroyed more than 1600 of this total. In addition, units of the British Pacific Fleet operating in waters off the Sakishimas and Formosa have destroyed more than 80 enemy planes.

Search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Four made rocket and machine gun attacks on buildings on Tomari Cape on Paramushiru in the northern Kuriles and strafed a trawler off the island on April 16.

Liberators of the Seventh Bomber Command bombed concrete structures and runways on Marcus Island on April 16. On the same date Marine Mitchells strafed ground installations at Kushira airfield on Kyushu.

Army Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command strafed and bombed shipping in and around Chichi Jima in the Bonins on April 17.

Corsairs and Hellcats of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed targets in the Palaus on April 17.

Planes of Fleet Air Wing One attacked installations on Yap and Puluwat in the Carolines on April 17.

Fleet Air Wing Two planes continued neutralizing attacks on enemy‑held bases in the Marshalls on April 16.

Mopping up operations on Iwo Island continued during the month of April as our forces developed that island as an air base. A total of 22,731 of the enemy were killed on Iwo from February 19 to April 14, inclusive, and 624 were captured. 

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 79, APRIL 17, 1945 

On the morning of April 16 large numbers of enemy aircraft attacked one of our destroyers for more than two hours off the coast of Okinawa. The ship took two bomb hits and four suicide hits.

But she shot down 6 dive bombers and proceeded to operate as ordered. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 336, APRIL 18, 1945 

Tenth Army Troops in Ie Shima made substantial gains in the North­eastern area of the Island on April 18 (East Longitude Date). The enemy in the area of Iegusugu Peak gave stiff resistance from dug in positions and pillboxes. On the third day of the action, preliminary reports show that 388 of the enemy have been killed and one prisoner taken. In the same period our forces lost 15 killed and 73 wounded. Five are listed as missing.

Elements of the Marine Third Amphibious Corps have reached the north­ern end of Okinawa Island. The Marines on Motobu Peninsula continued operations on April 18 against isolated groups of the enemy in that sector.

There were no changes in the lines of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps In the Southern Sector of Okinawa. Naval guns and carrier aircraft continued to attack enemy strong points in the south. As of April 18, according to the most recent reports available, 989 officers and men of the U. S. Pacific Fleet had been killed in the Okinawa operation and associated attacks on Japan, 2,220 were wounded in action, and 1,491 were missing in action. At last re­port the soldiers and Marines of the Tenth Army had lost 478 officers and men killed, 2,457 had been wounded and 260 were missing.

398

A Search Privateer of Fleet Air Wing One sank a small cargo ship north of the Ryukyus on April 18.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked targets in the Palaus and destroyed buildings on Yap in the Western Carolines on April 18.

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force on April 17, bombed the Kataoka Naval Base on Shimushu in the Northern Kuriles.

U. S. patrols on Saipan, Tinian and Guam in the Marianas killed 30 Japanese and took 88 prisoners of war during the week ending April 14. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 337, APRIL 19, 1945 

The Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps launched an offensive of substantial force against enemy defense lines in the southern sector of Okinawa on April 19 (East Longitude Date). In the early morning hours, powerful concentra­tions of Army and Marine artillery joined with battleships, cruisers, and lighter units of the Pacific Fleet to deliver one of the largest bombardments ever made in support of amphibious troops. Under cover of this fire and supported by great flights of carrier aircraft, Army Infantrymen of the Seventh, Twenty‑Seventh and Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Divisions moved off to the attack between 0600 and 0800. By noon the left and right flanks of our lines were reported to have moved forward from 500 to 800 yards and our forces captured the village of Machinato. The enemy was resisting our ad­vance stubbornly with artillery, mortars, and light weapons. Our troops are now striking at a fortified line which is organized in great depth and developed to exploit the defensive value of the terrain which is dissected by ravines and terraced by escarpments. These fortifications whose northern perimeter follows an uneven line across the island at a point where it is about 8,000 yards wide are about four and a half miles north of Naha on the west coast and three and a half miles north of Yonabaru on the east coast. They include interlocking trench and pillbox systems, blockhouses, caves and the con­ventional Japanese dug‑in positions. During the forenoon, U. S. Army In­fantrymen were engaged in knocking out strong points and penetrating and destroying segments of the outer lines.

Tenth Army troops in Ie Shima continued to advance on April 19 moving their lines forward south of the Iegusugu Peak. The enemy continued to resist from concealed fixed positions. Some of our observation planes have landed on the island airstrip.

Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps continued to extend their control over the northern areas of Okinawa. On Motobu Peninsula, mopping up operations were still in progress.

Army Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command, Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Areas, on April 19 attacked Atsugi airfield, in the area of Tokyo.

Preliminary reports show that the following damage was inflicted on the enemy:

Twenty‑one aircraft shot out of the air
Two aircraft probably shot down
Twenty‑six aircraft destroyed or probably destroyed on the ground
Thirty‑five aircraft damaged in the air and on the ground

A large cargo ship was seen sinking off the coast and a medium cargo ship was observed burning south of Tokyo. Our aircraft strafed the ground targets at low level through moderate to intense antiaircraft fire. 

399

A search plane of Fleet Air Wing One sank a small coastal cargo ship in the area of the northern Ryukyus on April 19.

On the same date, Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked buildings and installations in the Palaus and Hell­diver bombers of the same force struck the airstrip on Yap in the Western Carolines. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 338, APRIL 20, 1945 

After a day of heavy attacks on the enemy's fortified positions in the Southern Okinawa Sector, the Twenty Fourth Army Corps had advanced about 1,000 yards generally by the morning of April 20 (East Longitude Date). The Seventh Infantry Division penetrated enemy defenses up to 1,400 yards in its zone of action near the east coast. Heavy Naval guns continued to bom­bard enemy strong points and Marine and Army artillery supported the ad­vancing infantry with carrier aircraft delivering close support. Most of Yonabaru Town was destroyed. The enemy resisted our attacks bitterly in all sectors of the fighting in the south.

On Ie Shima, Tenth Army troops continued to drive eastward against strong resistance from isolated enemy positions on April 20. Simultaneously, operations were began to destroy enemy forces holding Iegusugu Peak. At the end of April 18, 736 of the enemy had been killed on the island.

Patrols of the Marine Third Amphibious Corps continued to cover the rugged country in Northern Okinawa on April 20 while operations against small groups of the enemy in Motobu Peninsula were continued.

In the early morning hours of April 20 several small groups of enemy aircraft approached our forces in the Okinawa Area and retired without causing damage.

The following is the complete list of ships sunk by enemy action in the Okinawa operation and the associated attacks on Japan from March 18 to April 18:

Destroyers.

Halligan
Bush
Colhoun
Mannert L. Abele
Pringle

Minecraft.

Emmons
Skylark

Destroyer Transport.

Dickerson

Gunboat.

PGM 18
LST 477 (later removed from Communiqué).
LCI 82 (complete designation LCI (G) 82)
LCS 33 (complete designation LOS (L) (3) 30)
LCT 876 (complete designation LCT (6) 876)

400

Ammunition Ships:

Hobbs Victory
Logan Victory

During the same period the following Japanese ships and aircraft were destroyed by our forces participating in the same operations: 

2,569 Aircraft destroyed
One Yamato class battleship
Two light cruisers
Five destroyers
Five destroyer escorts
Four large cargo ships
One medium cargo ship
28 small cargo ships
54 small craft

Numerous enemy torpedo boats, speed boats and other types of small craft.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on April 19 bombed installa­tions on Truk in the Carolines. On the following day, a search plane of Fleet Air Wing One sank a small sailing vessel in Truk Lagoon.

Army bombers of the Seventh Air Force also struck Arakabesan and Koror in the Palaus scoring hits on antiaircraft emplacements on April 19. Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed miscellaneous targets in the Palaus and on Yap in the Western Carolines on the following day. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 339, APRIL 21, 1945 

The Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps pressed its attack against the enemy in the southern sector of Okinawa on April 20 and 21 (East Longitude Dates) making small gains through heavily defended areas. On the approaches to Hill 178, the high ground changed hands several times on April 21 in the bitterest kind of fighting. Small gains were made by our forces in other seg­ments of the lines. Naval guns and Army and Marine artillery continued to bombard enemy emplacements with heavy fire and carrier aircraft attacked troop concentrations in the southern part of the island.

Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps reduced the remaining pockets of enemy resistance on Motobu Peninsula on the afternoon of April 20 and brought the entire area under their control.

Tenth Army troops placed the United States Flag on the summit of Iegusugu Peak on Ie Shima on the morning of April 21 after overcoming bitter resistance from caves, pillboxes and other strong points. Our forces are engaged in mopping up operations on the island which is now in our possession.

On the night of April 20‑21, enemy aircraft attacked Yontan and Kadena airfields causing minor damage. Carrier aircraft from the U. S. Pacific Fleet attacked air installations in the Sakishima group on April 19 and 21, shooting down one plane and strafing several others on the ground.

Hellcat and Corsair fighters of Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed targets in the Palaus on April 21. 

401

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 340, APRIL 22, 1945 

The Twenty Fourth Army Corps continued to attack the enemy's fortified positions in the southern sector of Okinawa on April 22 (East Longitude Date) meeting bitter resistance in all areas of the fighting. Our troops were sup­ported by heavy artillery, naval guns, and carrier and land‑based aircraft. No substantial changes had been made in the lines by 1700 on April 22. A total of 11,738 of the enemy have been killed and 27 taken prisoner in the Twenty Fourth Corps zone of action.

Elements of the Marine Third Amphibious Corps occupied Taka Banare Island east of Okinawa on April 22 and landed on Sesoko Island west of Motobu Peninsula on the same date. Our troops on Sesoko were reported to be half way across the island in the early afternoon.

During the night of April 21‑22, a few enemy aircraft approached our forces around the Okinawa area and four were shot down by carrier planes and aircraft of the Tactical Air Force. On the afternoon of April 22 a sub­stantial group of Japanese planes attacked our forces in and around Okinawa causing some damage and sinking one light unit of the fleet. Forty‑nine enemy planes were shot down by our combat air patrols and antiaircraft fire.

Carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet attacked airfields and other installations in the Sakishima Group on April 21 and 22.

Army Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command attacked Suzuka air­field 32 miles southwest of Nagoya on April 22 inflicting the following damage on the enemy:

9 aircraft shot out of the air
One probably shot down
17 aircraft destroyed on the ground
20 Aircraft damaged on the ground
A 6000‑ton ship exploded in Ise Bay south of Nagoya
Two small oilers sunk
One small tanker sunk
One coastal cargo ship damaged

Carrier‑based aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet attacked airfields and ground installations in the Amami Group of the Northern Ryukyus during April 18 to 20 inclusive, damaging or destroying numerous airfield structures. On April 21 and 22 carrier planes operating in the Northern Ryukyus shot down 16 enemy planes and burned 10 more on the ground.

A search plane of Fleet Air Wing One attacked a small cargo ship east of the Ryukyus on April 22 leaving it burning and dead in the water.

Runways and installations on Marcus Island were bombed by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on April 21. Helldiver bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked the airstrip on Yap in the Western Carolines on April 21.

During the twenty four hours ending at 1800 on April 20, 60 Japanese were killed and 64 were captured on Iwo Island. A total of 23,049 of the enemy have been killed and 850 captured since February 19.

Communiqué  Number 338, paragraph five, is corrected as follows 

Delete "One LST 477" from the list of ships sunk. 

402

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 86, APRIL 22, 1945 

Major General Andrew D. Bruce, Commanding General, 77th Infantry Division, whose forces captured Ie Shims, has sent the following message to Fleet Admiral C. W. Nimitz, Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, and to the Governor of Texas: 

"After a bitter fight from pill box to pill box, cave to cave, and house to house, the Seventy Seventh Infantry Division placed the American flag on top of the heavily defended pinnacle on Ie Shims on April 21, 1945. A Texas flag was placed on the bloody ridge below the fortress by the Texans of the Division in honor of those gallant Texas men who gathered at Corregidor to remember San Jacinto Day on April 21, 1942, exactly three years ago." 

Fleet Admiral Nimitz is a native of Fredericksburg, Texas.
Major General Bruce is a resident of Temple, Texas.

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 341, APRIL 23, 1945 

Naval guns and carrier aircraft continued to support troops of the Twenty-Fourth Army Corps attacking the enemy's fortified line in the southern sector of Okinawa on April 23 (East Longitude Date).

Planes from carriers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet attacked 25 enemy aircraft about to take off from an airfield on Miyako in the Sakishima group on the evening of April 22 destroying 15 on the ground and shot down five more in the air. Four planes were shot down over Ishigaki in the same group. On April 23, three aircraft were destroyed on the ground at Kume Island in the Okinawa group by our fighters and a single enemy plane was shot down north of Okinawa by a Marine plane.

No further information is available on the progress of the fighting in southern Okinawa.

Carrier aircraft of the British Pacific Fleet bombed and strafed air In­stallations in the Sakishima group on April 16 and 17. Four enemy planes were shot down and one was destroyed on the ground.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed targets in the Palaus on April 23.

On April 22, Marine Corsairs continued neutralizing raids on enemy bases in the Marshalls. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 342, APRIL 24, 1945 

The Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps continued the attack against enemy lines in the southern sector of Okinawa on April 23 (East Longitude Date). Elements of the Seventh Infantry Division captured an important enemy posi­tion on high ground west of Ishin Village. Enemy opposition was heavy along the entire front.

Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps were engaged in mopping up remnants of the enemy on Yagachi Island north of Motobu Peninsula on April 23. On the same date, Third Corps troops occupied Heanza Island east of Katchin Peninsula and Kouri Island, north of Motobu Peninsula, finding no opposition.

On April 24, ships of the U. S. Pacific Fleet delivered heavy gunfire in support of the attacking troops in the Twenty‑Fourth Corps sector. Numerous caves were closed and blockhouses, pillboxes, trenches and gun emplacements

403

were destroyed. Adverse weather reduced air operations and there was no enemy aircraft activity over the area during the day.

Search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One sank two small cargo ships and one motor torpedo boat and damaged two torpedo boats east of the Ryukyus on April 23. On the following day search planes of the same Wing strafed building and radio installations in the northern Ryukyus and damaged a num­ber of small craft.

Carrier aircraft from units of the British Pacific Fleet strafed and bombed runways, airfield structures, barracks and other installations on islands of the Sakishima group on April 20 encountering no enemy air opposition.

On April 23, Liberators of the Strategic Air Force bombed installations on Marcus Island. Iwo based Mustangs of the same force bombed and strafed storage dumps on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on April 24. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 343, APRIL 25, 1945 

A general advance was made by troops of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps on Okinawa on April 24 (East Longitude Date) resulting in the capture of Kakazu Town in the center and an important strong point at Hill 178 on the left flank. Our ground forces were supported by heavy Naval gunfire and low level attacks by aircraft of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing. Enemy de­fenses at Tanabaru were in process of being reduced as Army troops continued to advance on April 25.

Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps continued to patrol northern areas of the island on April 24 and 25.

As of 0600 on April 25, United States soldiers and Marines on Okinawa and surrounding islands had killed 21,269 of the enemy and had taken 399 prisoners of war. A total of 115,279 civilians have come under jurisdiction of U. S. Military Government authorities.

At the end of April 22, 889 soldiers of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps and 257 Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps had been killed in action on Okinawa. A total of 4,879 officers and men of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps were wounded and 289 were missing. The Third Amphibious Corps suffered 1,103 wounded and had 7 missing.

Carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet attacked airfield installations on islands of the Sakishima group on April 24.

Search planes of Fleet Air Wing One destroyed a small cargo ship, sank six fishing craft, sank a whaling vessel and damaged a small cargo ship in the water east of Kyushu on April 24.

On April 24 and 25, Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked targets in the Palau and Marine bombers and fighters struck runways and other installations on Yap in the Western Carolines.

The following are enemy killed and taken prisoner during mopping up operations on Iwo Island and islands of the Marianas and Palaus during the week of April 15 to April 21 inclusive 

Iwo:

Killed, 360 ; prisoners of war, 246. 

Saipan:

Killed, 4 ; prisoners of war, 7. 

Tinian:

Prisoners of war, 38. 

404

Guam

Killed, 38; prisoners of war, 21. 

Peleliu:

Killed, 6. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 344, APRIL 26, 1945 

On April 26 (East Longitude Date), the troops of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps moved forward and secured positions on the high ground East of Urasoe Mura. Battleships and cruisers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet continued to give close gunfire support to the troops. A number of batteries, emplace­ments, structures and caves were destroyed by ships' guns. Aircraft from carriers and planes of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing attacked enemy in­stallations in the Southern sector of the Island. During the early hours of April 26, a few enemy aircraft approached our forces in the area around Okinawa and one was shot down.

Carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet continued neutralizing attacks on airfield installations in the Sakishima Group on April 25.

Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One strafed and sank a number of fishing craft, a small picket boat and a torpedo boat and damaged a number of other small craft in the waters east of Kyushu on April 26.

Helldiver bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing struck the air­field on Yap on April 26. On the same date, fighters of the same Wing bombed targets in the Palaus. On the previous day dive bombers of the same Wing continued neutralizing raids on the Marshalls.

Search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed fuel and ammunition storage areas on Wake Island on April 25. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 345, APRIL 27, 1945 

Troops of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps in the southern sector of Okinawa made a general advance during the afternoon of April 26 (East Longitude Date). By 1800 on that day, elements of the Twenty‑Seventh In­fantry Division had reached the vicinity of the Machinato Airfield near the West Coast after by passing enemy strong points in Nakama Village. In the central and eastern segments of the lines local gains were made against enemy mortar and machine gun fire. The ground troops were supported by Naval gunfire, carrier aircraft and planes of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing. The attack was resumed on the morning of April 27.

Marines of the Third Amphibious Corps continued to patrol northern Okinawa on April 26 and 27.

A few enemy aircraft appeared over our forces during the early morning of April 27. Three were shot down by one of our minesweepers.

Attacks by carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet on the Sakishima Group continued on April 26.

Mitchells of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked harbor installa­tions on Chichi Jima in the Bonins on the night of April 26. Fighters and torpedo planes of the same wing bombed bivouac areas in the Palaus on April 27 and fighters attacked targets on Yap.

405

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 87, APRIL 27, 1945 

In the Okinawa campaign the enemy has attempted the use of rocket-propelled suicide bombs against our forces. These weapons, which are similar to a small single‑seat airplane, carry a pilot and are generally launched from the underside of the fuselage of a bomber. They have a wingspan of about sixteen feet, a length of more than 19 feet, and a tail plane of about eight feet. Constructed of light metals and wood, these bombs carry a heavy war­head of explosives. They are capable of high speed which reduces their qualities of maneuverability to a low point. The enemy has used them in limited numbers in the Okinawa operation up to this date, offering little op­portunity for observation of their powers or effects. U. S. forces have desig­nated these missiles by the term "baka bomb". "Baka" Is Japanese meaning "stupid," "foolish," or "silly." 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 346, APRIL 28, 1945 

Troops of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps moved slowly forward in the Southern sector of Okinawa on April 27 (East Longitude Date) destroying pillboxes, caves and strong points. Heavy artillery was employed to break up troop concentrations in the enemy's rear areas and planes of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing joined with carrier aircraft of the Pacific Fleet to give close support to the troops. Naval gunfire continued to be effective in de­stroying enemy fortified positions.

During the night of April 27‑28, two groups of enemy aircraft attacked U. S. shipping off Okinawa beaches causing some damage and sinking one auxiliary surface unit. Twenty‑five enemy aircraft were shot down and two were probably destroyed. Enemy small craft activity increased during the night and a number of small boats were destroyed by our forces.

On April 28, combat air patrols from fast carriers shot down 32 enemy planes in the areas around Okinawa, Kikai and Yaku Islands in the Ryukyus.

Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One sank three small cargo ships, forced another to beach and damaged several other small ships in the area around Kyushu on April 28.

Aircraft from escort carriers of the Pacific Fleet continued to bomb and strafe airfields on islands of the Sakishimas on April 27.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed installations at Truk in the central Carolines on April 26. A search Privateer of Fleet Air Wing One sank a small ship and several fishing boats in Truk Harbor on April 28. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 347, APRIL 29, 1945 

A Navy Hospital Ship, USS Comfort, was attacked and heavily damaged by a Japanese aircraft about 50 miles south of Okinawa at 2058 local time on April 28 (East Longitude Date). The crashed Japanese plane which made the suicide attack is still on the Comfort. The vessel which was engaged in evacuating wounded from Okinawa suffered 29 killed, 33 seriously wounded, and 100 missing, including patients, passengers, and crew. At the time of the attack she was operating under full hospital procedure, was clearly marked and was fully lighted. She is now proceeding to port under her own power.

Elements of the Twenty Seventh Infantry Division captured the northern half of Machinato Airfield on Okinawa on April 28 as a general advance was made in the southern sector of the island. The Seventh Infantry Division

406

secured the high ground near Kochi Village and was continuing to move southward. Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing and planes from the carriers of the Pacific Fleet bombed and strafed ahead of the ad­vancing troops. The attack was supported by heavy artillery and by the guns of heavy units of the fleet.

A series of attacks involving a total of about 200 enemy aircraft were made on our forces in the Okinawa area during the afternoon of April 28 and the night of April 28‑29. Combat air patrols from escort and fast carriers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet and from the Second Marine Aircraft Wing prevented any enemy planes from penetrating to our main forces during daylight. At­tacks after nightfall and continuing until 0215 on April 29 caused some dam­age to light units of the fleet. A total of 104 enemy aircraft were destroyed by ships' guns and carrier and land‑based aircraft.

Carrier aircraft strafed targets on Kume Island west of Okinawa on April 28.

From the beginning of operations against Okinawa and surrounding islands through April 27, the Tenth Army lost 1,527 soldiers and 320 Marines killed in action. A total of 7,826 soldiers and 1,322 Marines were wounded and 413 soldiers and five Marines were missing.

Navy search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One attacked a convoy west of Kyushu on April 27 scoring four hits with medium bombs on cargo ships. Aircraft of the same wing attacked shipping in Shimonoseki Strait with bombs and torpedoes during the night of April 28‑29. During daylight on April 29, Fleet Air Wing One planes destroyed a small cargo ship, damaged seven others, and set a picket ship afire in attacks made in the waters around Kyushu, Honshu, and the Ryukyus.

Army Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command strafed small craft, radio installations, and other targets in the area of the Bonins on April 29.

Corsair fighters and Avenger torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Air­craft Wing bombed targets in the Palaus through moderate antiaircraft fire on targets April 28 and 29.

Army Liberators and Thunderbolt fighters of the Strategic Air Force bombed and strafed airfields and installations at Truk in the Carolines on April 28 and 29. On April 29 Navy search planes of Fleet Air Wing One hit the same target setting a drydock afire and sinking a ship in the harbor. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 348, APRIL 30, 1945 

Machinato Airfield on Okinawa was captured by troops of the Twenty-­Seventh Infantry Division on April 29 (East Longitude Date). Behind aerial bombing, Naval gunfire and heavy artillery preparation, troops of the Ninety Sixth Infantry Division in the center were advancing southward over hill terrain. Seventh Division infantrymen were driving toward the ridges southeast of Kochi Village.

On April 29, several groups of enemy aircraft attacked our forces in the area of Okinawa. A total of 29 planes were shot down by our fighters and by ship and shore antiaircraft fire. In addition combat air patrols of the Fast Carrier Task Forces shot down 21 planes near our surface units on April 29 and four more on April 30.

Carrier aircraft from the Pacific Fleet attacked landing craft, a coastal ship, fuel dumps, barracks and airfield installations on Tokuno, Amami and 

407

Kikai Islands, in the Ryukyus on April 29 and 30. Five enemy aircraft were burned on the ground.

Search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One bombed two small cargo ships in the Ryukyus Area on April 29 leaving one in sinking condition and an­other burning badly. On the same date, planes of the same Wing set three small cargo ships afire in the East China Sea.

Search planes of Fleet Air Wing One on April 30 destroyed a small cargo ship and damaged dry dock installations, a coastal vessel, a patrol craft and a number of small craft in the area of Kyushu. Aircraft of the same Wing sank three small cargo ships near Kozu Island south of Tokyo and a number of fishing craft off the south coast of Honshu. On the same date search Air­craft of the same Wing sank a number of small craft in Truk Harbor in the Carolines and destroyed six barges at Woleai.

Buildings, gun emplacements and radar Installations on Minami Cape, Shimushu in the Northern Kuriles, were attacked with rockets and machine gun fire by Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Four on April 29.

Helldiver bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing made neutralizing raids on enemy bases in the Marshalls on April 29. Aircraft of the same Wing attacked targets in the Palaus on the following day. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 349, MAY 1, 1945 

Troops of the Seventh Infantry Division continued to advance in the eastern sector of the lines on Okinawa on April 30 (East Longitude Date). By mid‑afternoon advance elements of the division had entered the village of Kuhazu. Local gains were made along the remainder of the front. The at­tack of the infantry was supported by heavy naval gunfire, heavy artillery and carrier and land‑based aircraft. A few enemy planes were In the area of Okinawa on April 30. One medium sized ship was damaged.

Aircraft from escort carriers attacked air installations in the Sakishima group on April 30. Reports of the strike on these islands by escort carrier planes on April 29 reveal that ammunition dumps were exploded, radio facili­ties and barracks were hit and several planes were destroyed on the ground.

Search planes of Fleet Air Wing One bombed and strafed radio installa­tions on Kuro and Kuchino Islands in the northern Ryukyus on April 30. An enemy plane was destroyed on the ground at Kuchino. On the following day aircraft of this wing sank a cargo ship and damaged another in the East China Sea; sank a small cargo ship off the southern coast of Shikoku; and destroyed a small cargo ship at Miyake Island, south of Tokyo.

On April 30, Army Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command, escorted heavy bombers of the Twenty‑First Bomber Command over Tokyo, probably shot down one enemy plane and strafed three picket boats off the coast leaving them afire and dead in the water. Iwo based Mustangs on May 1, bombed and strafed military installations on Chichi Jima in the Bonins.

Mitchells of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing damaged a large cargo ship with rockets north of the Bonins on April 30. Corsair and Hellcat fighters end Avenger torpedo planes of this wing bombed enemy islands in the Palaus on May 1.

Army Thunderbolt fighters of the Seventh Air Force shot down a four engine seaplane over Truk in the Carolines on April 30 and swept the sea­plane base and harbor with rocket fire sinking one small craft and damaging 

408

two others. Army Liberators of the same force followed the attack with heavy bombing of the airfields on Moen and Param Islands. Marcus Island was bombed by Seventh Air Force Liberators on the same date.

Eleventh Army Air Force Liberators bombed Kataoka naval base on Shimushu on April 30. On the same date, installations on Kokutan Cape on the same island, were attacked by search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 594, MAY 2, 1945

Far Eastern Waters. 

1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of 21 enemy vessels, includ­ing two combatant ships‑a destroyer and an escort vessel‑in operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

1 destroyer
1 escort vessel
1 destroyer transport
2 medium cargo transports
2 small cargo vessels
12 medium cargo vessels
1 large tanker
1 medium tanker

2. These actions have not been announced in any pervious Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 350, MAY 2, 1945 

The Seventh Infantry Division which captured Kuhazu Village during the late afternoon of April 30 continued to advance southward on Okinawa on May 1 (East Longitude Dates). No substantial change was made in other sectors of the lines where our troops were under enemy artillery, mortar and small arms fire. On May 2, ships' guns destroyed a number of enemy emplace­ments, strong points, and boat pens and carrier and land based aircraft bombed enemy defenses. The Infantry resumed the attack during the hours of dark­ness on the morning of May 2 and elements of the Seventh Division moved 1,400 yards forward to the vicinity of Gaja Hill, approximately one mile north of the town of Yonabaru. Tanks and flame throwers were being em­ployed to develop this salient. The Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division and the First Marine Division launched an attack in the center and on the right flank and were moving forward during the morning of May 2.

Targets on Kume Island, west of Okinawa and in the Sakishima Group In the Southern Ryukyus, were attacked by aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet on May 2.

Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One sank a medium transport south of Korea on May 1. On the following day, planes of this Wing sank two small cargo ships off the coast of Central Honshu and one oft the coast of Kyushu. Two small cargo ships were damaged near Honshu and a number of fishing and small craft were struck off Kyushu on the same date.

Army Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command bombed and strafed radio installations and other targets in the Bonins on May 2.

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Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Param Airfield at Truk and the airstrip and air facilities at Marcus Island on May 1 and 2.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters and Avenger torpedo planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed targets in the Palaus and on Yap in the West­ern Carolines on May 2.

Neutralizing attacks were made on enemy bases in the Marshalls by Search Planes of Fleet Air Wing Two on May 1. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 351, MAY 3, 1945 

The Tenth Army resumed the attack in Southern Okinawa on May 3, (East Longitude Date), meeting artillery, mortar and small arms fire from the enemy's fortified line. The First Marine Division made a limited advance in its zone of action while other sectors remained stable. The attack was supported by ships' guns and aircraft.

In the early evening hours of May 3, four small groups of enemy aircraft attacked our shipping off the coast of Okinawa inflicting some damage on our forces and sinking two light units. Seventeen enemy aircraft were destroyed.

Planes from escort carriers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet continued neutraliz­ing attacks on airfields and air installations in the Sakishima group on May 2.

As of May 2, according to the most recent reports available, 1,131 officers and men of the U. S. Pacific Fleet had been killed in action in the Okinawa operation and associated operations against Japan. A total of 2,816 were wounded and 1,604 were missing. All figures are preliminary and incomplete.

Search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing One destroyed three twin‑engine planes on the ground, damaged locomotive and set numerous fires in a low level attack on Kanoya Airfield, Kyushu, during the early evening of May 3. Planes of the same wing probably sank a small cargo ship off the coast of Central Honshu on the same date.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed targets in the Palaus and strafed installations on Sonsoral Island, southwest of the Palaus on May 3. On the same date dive-bombers of this wing struck the airstrip at Yap. Neutralizing attacks were carried out on enemy bases in the Marshalls by Marine aircraft on the previous day.

A search Privateer of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed barracks and shops on Wake Island on May 2. 

CINCPOA PRESS RELEASE NO. 89, MAY 3, 1945 

Among the ships of the British Pacific Fleet which engaged in operations against the islands of the Sakishima Group during the period March 26 to April 20 were the following fleet aircraft carriers:

HMS Indomitable
HMS Indefatigable
HMS Victorious 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 595, MAY 4, 1945 

1. The submarine USS Swordfish is overdue from patrol and presumed lost. Next of kin of officers and crew have been informed. 

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CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 352, MAY 4, 1945 

During the night of May 3‑4 (East Longitude Dates) about 600 Japanese soldiers using landing craft attempted to attack behind our lines at three points along the West Coast and at one point on the East Coast of Okinawa. By daylight the landing effort on the East Coast had been repulsed and enemy groups on the West Coast were pocketed and being destroyed. During early morning darkness a number of enemy aircraft attacked Yontan Airstrip, caus­ing some damage. In the same period, ships offshore destroyed 15 suicide boats one of which caused minor damage to a light surface unit.

There was virtually no change in the position of the lines of the Tenth Army in Southern Okinawa on May 4.

Between the hours of 0745 and 0915, on May 4, a substantial number of enemy aircraft attacked our forces afloat in the area of Okinawa, sinking five surface units and damaging a number of others. Preliminary reports indicate that 54 enemy planes were shot down over our forces by ships' guns and combat air patrols. One of our destroyers shot down a Baka bomb during the attack.

Aircraft from fast carrier task forces of the U. S. Pacific Fleet sweeping the Islands of the Northern Ryukyus shot down one plane, destroyed one and damaged 19 others on the ground at Tokuno, Kikai and Tanega Islands on May 3. On the following day, aircraft from fast carriers shot 96 aircraft out of the air over Okinawa and the Amami Group.

Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One shot down two enemy planes and damaged two others on May 4.

Escort carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet continued neutralizing raids on airfields in the Sakishima Group on May 3.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed air and harbor Installa­tions at Truk on May 3, leaving a small cargo ship burning and another listing after being hit by bombs. A single Navy search Plane exploded an ammuni­tion dump at Truk on the following day. On May 4, Seventh Army Air Force planes bombed runways and dispersal areas on Marcus Island.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed targets in the Palaus and Marshalls on May 4.

Mopping up operations on Two Island and the Islands of the Marianas continued during April 22 and 28 inclusive. A total of 108 of the enemy were killed and 156 were taken prisoner. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 353, MAY 5, 1945 

Following and in conjunction with the attempted landings of Japanese troops behind the Tenth Army lines on Okinawa on the night of May 3‑4 (East Longitude Dates) and in coordination with his heavy air attacks of May 3 and 4, the enemy on May 4, launched a general counterattack. Its greatest weight was against the positions of the Seventh and Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Divisions. This attack was supported by tanks and was preceded by intense artillery fire. Our troops supported by a heavy barrage from Army and Marine artillery and low level strafing by carrier and Marine air­craft broke up the enemy attacks. Taking advantage of the disorganized state of the enemy's lines after his failure in these operations, Army and Marine infantry men resumed the offensive on the morning of May 5 and were advancing at midmorning when elements of the First Marine Division began 

411 

an assault on Hill 187, east of the Asa River Mouth. A total of 3,000 of the enemy were killed during the attacks on May 3‑4, including troops which made landings on our beaches. Five enemy tanks were destroyed.

During the air attacks of May 4, our forces shot down 168 planes over the Okinawa Area including 45 by the Second Marine Aircraft Wing and 67 by Fast Carrier Forces Patrols. Early in the morning of May 5, a small group of enemy planes approached our forces and bombed the Yontan Airstrip causing no damage.

From the beginning of the Okinawa operation to May 5, the enemy lost 33,462 killed and 700 prisoners of war including 297 labor troops.

The Tenth Army up to May 3, lost 2,337 soldiers and Marines killed. A total of 11,432 were wounded and 514 were missing.

Search Planes of Fleet Air Wing One sank two large tankers in Fusan Harbor, Korea, and damaged a cargo ship south of Fusan on May 4.

Aircraft from escort carriers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet continued to neutralize airfields in the Sakishima Group on May 4.

Corsairs and Avengers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Libera­tors of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed installations in the Palaus on May 5. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 354, MAY 6, 1945 

Heavy units of the U. S. Pacific Fleet in attacks coordinated with those of carrier and land‑based aircraft bombarded enemy positions on Okinawa on May 5 (East Longitude Date). During the early morning and early evening of that day a number of enemy aircraft approached our forces without causing damage. On the morning of May 6 a small number of enemy air attacks were made on ships off Okinawa. One light unit suffered minor damage and four enemy aircraft were shot down.

Search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One based in the Okinawa area swept Tsushima and Korea Straits and the coastal waters of Western Korea on May 5 and inflicted the following damage on the enemy by low level bombing and strafing: 

Sunk:

Two large oilers
One medium freighter
One small cargo ship

Damaged:

One large fleet oiler left dead in water and sinking
One cargo ship exploded and left sinking.
One small freighter left abandoned and sinking
One large cargo ship left burning
One freighter left listing and burning
One medium oiler left burning
Nine small cargo ships damaged
One lugger damaged

In addition, search planes shot down three enemy aircraft. On the foll­owing day aircraft of this wing probably sank a picket boat and destroyed numerous fishing craft.

On May 4 heavy units of the British Pacific Fleet including battleships 

412

and cruisers bombarded enemy airfields at Hirara and Nobara on Miyako Island in the Sakishima group causing considerable damage. Aircraft from carriers of the force attacked enemy airfields in the island group on May 4 and 5 destroying 15 aircraft in the air, three on the ground and damaging four others on the ground. A major unit of the task force suffered some damage during an air attack but has resumed operations.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed installations in the Palaus through intense antiaircraft fire on May 6.

Thunderbolt fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force strafed shipping and air installations at Truk on May 6 sinking one tug and damaging two other craft in the harbor. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 355, MAY 7, 1945 

Enemy positions in the Southern Sector of Okinawa were brought under fire by heavy forces of the United States Pacific Fleet on May 6 (East Longi­tude Date) and numerous blockhouses, pillboxes and other structures were destroyed. Carrier aircraft of the Fleet and planes of the Tactical Air Force gave close support to the ground troops. On the same day, U. S. carrier air­craft made neutralizing attacks on airfields of the Sakishima Group.

On May 7, troops of the Tenth Army advanced in the Southern sector. The First Marine Division drove southward to the edge of Dakeshi Village while the Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division, led by flame‑throwing tanks, made gains in the center, and the Seventh Infantry Division moved forward on the left flank.

From the beginning of the Okinawa operation through May 7, the enemy lost 36,535 killed in all areas of the land fighting.

A small number of enemy aircraft were over our forces in the Okinawa Area early on May 7. No damage was reported.

Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One attacking at masthead height with bombs and machine guns inflicted the following damage on enemy ship­ping in the waters around Korea on May 6: 

Sunk:

One large cargo ship.
One medium cargo ship.
One medium oiler.
One large fleet tanker.

Damaged:

Two small freighters damaged.
One large cargo ship exploded.

Planes of Fleet Air Wing Eighteen in searches of Japanese waters sank three coastal cargo ships south of Honshu and probably destroyed a seagoing tug on May 7.

Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command bombed and strafed barracks, and small craft at Chichi Jima in the Bonins on May 7.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing made neutralizing attacks on the Marshalls on May 6. On the following day, Corsairs, Hellcats and Avengers of the same Wing and Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force attacked targets in the Palau Islands. 

413

MAY 8, 1945 

A PROCLAMATION 

The Allied armies, through sacrifice and devotion and with God's help, have wrung from Germany a final and unconditional surrender. The western world has been freed of the evil forces which for five years and longer have imprisoned the bodies and broken the lives of millions upon millions of free­born men. They have violated their churches, destroyed their homes, corrupted their children, and murdered their loved ones. Our Armies of Liberation have restored freedom to these suffering peoples, whose spirit and will the oppressors could never enslave.

Much remains to be done. The victory won in the West must now be won in the East. The whole world must be cleansed of the evil from which half the world has been freed. United, the peace‑loving nations have demon­strated in the West that their arms are stronger by far than the might of dictators or the tyranny of military cliques that once called us soft and weak. The power of our peoples to defend themselves against all enemies will be proved in the Pacific war as it has been proved in Europe.

For the triumph of spirit and of arms which we have won, and for its promise to peoples everywhere who join us in the love of freedom, it is fitting that we, as a nation, give thanks to Almighty God, who has strengthened us and given us the victory.

Now, THEREFORE, I, HARRY S. TRUMAN, President of the United States of America, do hereby appoint Sunday, May 13, 1945, to be a day of prayer.

I call upon the people of the United States, whatever their faith, to unit in offering joyful thanks to God for the victory we have won and to pray that He will support us to the end of our present struggle and guide us into the way of peace.

I also call upon my countrymen to dedicate this day of prayer to the memory of those who have given their lives to make possible our victory.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States of America to be affixed.

DONE at the City of Washington this eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and forty‑five, and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hundred and sixty‑ninth.

By the President

[SEAL]

HARRY S. TRUMAN.

JOSEPH C. GREW,
Acting Secretary of State.

MAY 8, 1945 

STATEMENT TO THE MEN OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY AND ARMY BY THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY 

You and your Allies have won a great victory. The price was high; it has been won by determination, sacrifice and blood. With this victory you have won something more: the admiration and gratitude of America and the world.

The task has now been half accomplished. Another powerful enemy remains. It will require all our resolution and fortitude to destroy him. Only by so doing can we keep faith with those who have fallen. Let us now go forward to speedy and complete victory in the Pacific. 

414

MAY 8, 1945 

MEMORANDUM TO THE PRESS 

The following are casualty figures for the Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard sustained in the Atlantic‑Mediterranean theaters, including the Euro­pean theater. Data for the Navy are through April 26; those for the Marine Corps are through April 10 ; those for the Coast Guard are through May 5. The Coast Guard keeps no breakdown by theaters for casualties other than dead. Totals include combatant as well as non‑combatant casualties. Navy totals for the combined Atlantic and Mediterranean theaters include casualties which might have been sustained on the continents of Europe and Africa. The Coast Guard totals for the "Atlantic" theater cover all operations against the European enemy.

  Dead Missing Wounded or Injured Prisoners of War Total
Navy          
     Atlantic 6,415 594 3,612 29 10,650
     Mediterranean 1,930 78 1,689 0 3,697
          Total 8,346 672 5,301 29 14,347
Marine Corps:          
     Atlantic 32 0 1 0 33
     Mediterranean 2 0 0 0 2
     Eastern Theatre of Operations 0 1 o 3 4
          Total 34 1 1 3 39
Coast Guard 508 ... ... .... 508

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 356, MAY 8, 1945 

Battleships and cruisers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet delivered heavy fire in support of the Marine Third Amphibious Corps and the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps in southern Okinawa on May 7 (East Longitude Date) destroying gun emplacements, some artillery and a number of mortars. During the night of May 7‑8, surface craft fired several hundred rounds of illumination which effectively reduced the enemy's attempts at infiltration into our lines. Adverse weather limited our operations on the island during May 8 and there were no substantial changes in the lines.

No enemy aircraft activity was noted in the Ryukyus during the night and day of May 7‑8. As of that date, summaries of damage to the enemy show that fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing have shot down 209 Japanese aircraft since they commenced operation from captured fields on Okinawa.

Escort carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet continued to neutralize airfields in the Sakishima group on May 7.

Concentrations of shipping in the coastal waters around Korea were at­tacked on May 7 by search planes of Fleet Air Wing One and an estimated 14,000 tons of shipping were sunk and 3,500 tons damaged as follows:

Sunk:

One small freighter transport
One large fleet oiler

415

Damaged:

One trawler set afire
One small freight transport set afire and listing
One small freighter left listing and dead in water

Planes of Fleet Air Wing Eighteen in attacks on shipping south of the island of Honshu on May 8 inflicted the following damage on the enemy:

Sunk:

Two small cargo ships
One large fishing craft
One coastal cargo ship

Damaged:

Four small cargo ships
Four large fishing craft
One coastal cargo ship

Search planes of this wing shot down a four‑engine flying boat near the Honshu coast on the same date.

Night flying Mitchells of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing damaged a small ship with rockets south of Honshu on May 7.

Thunderbolts of the Seventh Army Air Force strafed and bombed gun positions and radio installations on Truk in the Carolines through intense antiaircraft fire on May 7. On the same date, Liberators of this force bombed the runways on Marcus Island. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 357, MAY 9, 1945 

Carrier‑based aircraft, Marine aircraft based ashore and ships' guns con­tinued to support the troops of the Tenth Army with heavy bombing and gunfire on enemy positions in southern Okinawa on May 8 (East Longitude Date). Adverse weather continued in the Okinawa area through May 8 and no enemy aircraft were active over the Ryukyus on that date. The troops continued to move southward on May 9.

At noon on May 9 every gun ashore and every gun afloat which bore on the enemy on Okinawa fired one round simultaneously in recognition of the victory of the United Nations in Europe.

From the beginning of operations against Okinawa through May 7, the Tenth Army lost 2,107 soldiers and 577 Marines killed in action. A total of 10,402 soldiers and 2,800 Marines were wounded and 501 soldiers and 38 Marines were missing.

Aircraft from carriers of the British Pacific Fleet bombed airfields and defenses on Miyako and‑Ishigaki in the Sakishima group on May 9 destroying two planes on the ground and shooting one out of the air. Two units of the force suffered minor damage during an air attack but remained operational.

A substantial force of Mustang fighters of the Seventh Fighter Command destroyed two aircraft on the ground and probably destroyed five others in low level strafing attacks on Kisarazu airfield and Tateyama Naval Air Station southeast of Tokyo on May 8. In other attacks a small cargo ship and a locomotive were destroyed and a train and a number of small craft damaged.

On the same date, Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed airfields on Marcus Island and at Truk. In low level attacks on Marcus on

416

May 9, Liberators and search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing Eighteen destroyed five aircraft on the ground and damaged three others. Antiaircraft fire was intense and two of our planes were shot down in the action. Survivors of one were rescued. On the same date, Liberators of the Seventh Air Force again bombed air installations on Truk.

Corsairs and Hellcats of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing attacked in­stallations on enemy‑held islands in the Palaus on May 8 and 9. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 596, MAY 10, 1945

Philippine Area. 

1. The LCS(L)‑26 and the YMS‑71 have been lost in the Philippine area as the result of enemy action.

2. The next of kin of casualties have been notified. 

MAY 10, 1945 

NAVAL LOSSES AS ANNOUNCED IN NAVY DEPARTMENT COMMUNIQUÉS NOS. 1 TO

596; NAVY DEPARTMENT PRESS RELEASES; AND AT CINCPOA HEADQUARTERS

  Sunk Overdue and Presumed Lost Destroyed to Prevent Capture Total
Battleship 1 0 0 1
Aircraft carrier 11 0 0 11
Heavy cruiser 5 1 0 6
Light cruiser 3 0 0 3
Destroyer 54 4 1 59
Destroyer escort 7 0 0 7
Submarine 4 37 2 43
Miscellaneous 1163 6 7 176
      Total 248 48 10 306

1 Includes one light unit (unidentified) mentioned in CINCPOA Communiqué  No. 340, one light unit (unidentified) mentioned in CINCPOA Communiqué No. 346, two light units (unidentified) mentioned in CINCPOA Communiqué No. 361, and five light units (unidentified) mentioned in CINCPOA Communiqué No. 352. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 358, MAY 10, 1945 

Enemy installations in Southern Okinawa were bombarded by ships of the U. S. Pacific Fleet and carrier and Marine aircraft on May 9 (East Longitude Date). Ships' gunfire broke up a number of troop concentrations in the enemy's rear areas and destroyed pillboxes, emplacements and a motor transport. During the evening of May 9, several groups of enemy aircraft attacked our shipping off the Okinawa coast damaging two auxilia­ries and bombing Yontan Airfield without success. Early the following morning another attack was made on our ships and ground installations but we suffered no damage. Six enemy aircraft were shot down during these actions. A Second Marine Aircraft Wing fighter with guns inoperative de‑ 

417

stroyed a Japanese bomber by cutting off its tail assembly with his propeller in three attacks.

Elements of the Sixth Marine Division bridged and crossed the estuary of the Asa River in Southern Okinawa on May 10. Construction of the bridge was delayed temporarily by the enemy's use of two human bombs which caused some damage during the early morning hours. Limited gains were made on the remainder of the Southern front where hand to hand fighting was in progress in some sectors. The enemy on Okinawa lost 38,857 killed through May 9.

The area of Okinawa from the Central sector of the Island near the Hagushi beaches, northward to the extremity of the Island was passed to the control of the Island Commander, Major General F. G. Wallace, U. S. Army on May 4. About 135,000 civilians were under the jurisdiction of the U. S. Military Government on May 8.

Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One damaged two medium freighters and two small cargo ships south of Korea on May 9 by bombing and strafing attacks.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed airfields on Truk and Marcus Islands heavily on May 10. On the same date, Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command struck at radio installations on Chichi Jima in the Bonins.

Helldiver bombers and Corsair fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing continued neutralizing raids on the Marshalls on May 9 and struck targets in the Palaus and on Yap on the following day.

During the week of April 29 to May 5, inclusive, 69 Japanese were killed and 57 captured on Iwo Island. Total Japanese casualties on Iwo to May 5 were 23,244 killed and 1,03,8 prisoners of war. In the Marianas during the week of April 29 through May 5, 23 of the enemy were killed and 98 were captured.

On May 6, surface forces under Commander, Marshalls‑Gilberts Area, evacuated 494 Marshallese from Islands of Jaluit Atoll. Japanese garrison troops resisted the operation with light weapons on all islands. Our forces lost one killed and one wounded. The evacuated natives have been placed on Islands in the Marshalls Group under U. S. control. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 359, MAY 11, 1945 

During the evening of May 10 and the morning of May 11 (East Longi­tude Dates) several groups of enemy aircraft attacked our ships and shore installations in the Okinawa area damaging three light Naval units. More than 40 enemy planes were shot down by our combat air patrols and anti­aircraft fire.

During the night of May 10‑11, the Japanese on Okinawa made numer­ous night attacks and attempts at night infiltration into the lines of the Tenth Army. Practically all the attacking Japanese were killed. At 0700 local time on May 11 after large scale preparation by heavy artillery Naval gunfire and aerial bombing the Tenth Army launched a strong attack. The initial assault carried elements of the Marine Third Amphibious Corps on the west and of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps on the east to the high ground overlooking the enemy stronghold of Shuri. Enemy resistance was heavy along the front. On the west the Sixth Marine Division made a 

418

general advance southward to a line about 800 yards south of the Asa estuary and the First Marine Division, employing tanks, advanced and occupied the village of Dakeshi. In the center of the island, the Seventy-Seventh Infantry Division engaged in hand to hand fighting as it moved forward in rugged terrain. On the east the Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Division was gaining ground slowly against strong resistance.

At the end of May 10, the enemy on Okinawa had lost 39,469 killed in action.

As of May 9, according to most recent reports available, 1,283 officers and men of the U. S. Pacific Fleet had been killed and 2,072 were reported missing in action from the beginning of the Okinawa operation and associated operations against Japan. A total of 3,498 were wounded.

Search planes of Fleet Air Wing One shot down a four‑engine flying boat west of Kyushu and set a small cargo ship afire west of Korea on May 10.

Fleet Air Wing Eighteen planes damaged several fishing craft and set two small cargo ships afire south of Honshu on May 10. In the same area on the following day planes of this wing shot down an enemy plane, exploded a coastal cargo ship, damaged another coastal vessel and caused it to beach, set a small cargo ship afire and damaged a number of landing craft. Search planes of Fleet Air Wing Eighteen destroyed two small cargo ships in Truk Harbor on May 11.

Further information about the action of British carrier aircraft against airfields in the Sakishima group on May 9 shows that two enemy planes were destroyed on the ground and six more were destroyed in the air. One British plane was lost in combat.

Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed shipping and instal­lations at Kataoka Naval Base on Shimushu and Kashiwabara on Para­mushiru in the Kuriles on May 10. Meager antiaircraft fire was encountered.

Aircraft of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Air Wing Two continued neutralizing raids on the Marshalls on May 10. Marine Corsair and Hellcat fighters destroyed installations in the Palaus on May 11. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 360, MAY 12, 1945 

Cruisers and destroyers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet covered by aircraft from fast carriers, bombarded shore installations on Minami Daito Island, east of the Ryukyus on May 10 (East Longitude Date). On the following day, air groups and ships' guns of the fast carrier task forces destroyed 72 enemy aircraft over the Ryukyus including 40 over Okinawa. Carrier planes made low level attacks on May 11 on airfields and shipping in the Amami group destroying four planes on the ground and damaging warehouse Installations and a number of luggers. One of our major Fleet Units suffered damage during an air attack on that date.

A total of 93 enemy planes were destroyed over our forces around Okinawa on May 11 including 19 planes shot down by one of our destroyers. Several surface ships were damaged during these attacks.

On May 12, the Tenth Army continued the general attack of the preced­ing day supported by heavy gunfire from ships and sustained bombing by carrier planes and by aircraft of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing. Apprecia­ble gains were made on each flank of the Army line. 

419

Elements of the Sixth Marine Division entered the suburbs of Naha on the west coast of Okinawa. Progress of the center of the line against the positions of the enemy in the hilly central portions of the Island was slow. The Seventy‑Seventh and Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Divisions captured important enemy strong points and made local advances against stiff resistance in their respective zones of action.

Tori Island, approximately 55 miles west of Okinawa, was occupied by Tenth Army Troops without opposition on May 12.

In waters south of Korea on May 11, search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One including Privateers, Coronados and Mariners, inflicted the following damage on the enemy:

One coastal cargo ship sunk
Two coastal cargo ships set afire.
One large coastal cargo ship set afire and listing

Mitchells and Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force sank a small largo ship and damaged two others in Kataoka Harbor on Shimushu in the Northern Kuriles on May 11. A Mitchell was shot down during the attack. On the same date, Eleventh Air Force Mitchells attacked targets at Kashiwabara on Paramushiru and planes of Fleet Air Wing Four made rocket attacks on radar installations on Minami Cape on Shimushu.

Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force bombed Truk in the Carolines and Marcus Island oh May 12.

Planes of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing struck targets in the Palaus and at Yap on the same date.

Search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing Two bombed workshops and air installations on Wake Island on May 11. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 361, MAY 13, 1945 

Heavy fighting continued on Okinawa on May 13 (East Longitude Date) as troops of the Tenth Army continued to attack the approaches to the enemy stronghold of Shuri. Few changes were noted in the western sector A the lines where the Sixth Marine Division was meeting stiff resistance. An attempted enemy landing behind our lines in the area of Machinato air­field was broken up and a number of enemy boats were destroyed by ship and shore gunfire. The First Marine Division was moving at noon south of Dakeshi into the high ground protecting Shuri after beating off an enemy counterattack and killing approximately 100 Japanese. Throughout the morning, these troops were under heavy enemy artillery and mortar fire and progress teas difficult. The attack of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps carried its lines 300 yards forward on the Corps' right flank and about 800 yards forward on the Corps' left flank. The Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division, meeting very strong resistance, advanced into high ground northeast of Shuri and the 383rd Infantry Regiment of the Ninety‑Sixth Division was approaching the summit of Conical Hill, a key position which forms a pro­tective barrier for both Shuri and Yonabaru. The ground troops were sup­ported throughout the day by heavy air strikes from carriers and from the Second Marine Aircraft Wing. The guns of heavy units of the U. S. Pacific Fleet continued to bombard enemy areas. 

420

A few enemy planes approached our forces in the Okinawa Area early on the morning of May 13 but caused no damage.

Search seaplanes of Fleet Air Wing One sank a lugger, set a small cargo ship afire and heavily damaged a small oiler in waters around Korea on May 12.

Runways at Marcus Island and Truk were heavily bombed by Liberators of the Seventh Army Air Force on May 13.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed enemy installations in the Palaus on May 13. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 597, MAY 14, 1945 

1. The YMS‑103 has been lost in the Okinawa area as the result of enemy action. The next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 362, MAY 14, 1945 

About 35 enemy aircraft in three groups attacked our ships off the coast of Okinawa on the evening of May 13 (East Longitude Date) causing some damage to two light units. Twenty‑five of the planes were shot down, one of our destroyers accounting for eight aircraft. Early in the morning of May 14, a few planes dropped bombs ashore on Okinawa but failed to damage any installations.

On the afternoon of May 13, two rifle companies of the Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Division reached the summit of Conical Hill, 2,500 yards east of Shuri, holding the position despite a Japanese counterattack. The 383rd Infantry Regiment of the Ninety‑Sixth Division completed capture of the hill on May 14. Domination of this high ground permitted our left flank to advance 2,400 yards southward along the East Coast bringing Yonabaru airstrip into our possession. In other sectors of the line, advances were limited generally to 100 to 200 yards as troops of the Tenth Army met stiff opposition. The ground forces were supported by heavy gunfire from ships of the Pacific Fleet and by bombing and strafing attacks on enemy positions by carrier aircraft and planes of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing.

Since April 1, our forces on Okinawa have captured or destroyed 388 enemy guns of 70 millimeter caliber or larger.

Several groups of enemy aircraft made a series of attacks on the Fast Carrier Task Forces of the U. S. Pacific Fleet during the morning of May 14, causing some damage to one major unit. Preliminary reports show that 21 enemy planes were shot down by combat air patrols and ships' gunfire.

Carrier aircraft of the British Pacific Fleet bombed the airfields on Miyako in the Sakishima Group on May 12 and 13, and struck buildings, dumps and barges at Hirara Town where a large oil fire and a number of smaller fires were started. Two aircraft were destroyed on the ground dur­ing these attacks.

Search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing One sank a small oiler, a medium freighter, and a small freighter transport in the waters around Korea on May 13. A medium freighter transport was damaged and left burning. From the beginning of operations in the Okinawa Area to May 13, inclusive, search planes of this Wing have sunk 71,900 tons of enemy shipping, damaged

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70,160 tons and destroyed six aircraft. The unit has suffered combat losses of three aircraft from which all personnel were rescued.

Fleet Air Wing Eighteen aircraft damaged five small cargo ships, a lugger and a fishing craft south of Honshu on May 13. In low level attacks along the coast of Southwestern Honshu our search planes halted two trains with strafing and rocket attacks and damaged a number of buildings.

Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing planes bombed targets in the Marshalls on May 13 and attacked military installations in the Palaus and on Yap on the following day. Search planes of Fleet Air Wing Two continued neutralizing attacks in the Marshalls and bombed Ponape in the Carolines on May 13. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 598, MAY 15, 1945

Pacific. 

1. United States submarines have reported sinking nine enemy vessels as a result of operations in Far Eastern waters. Five combatant vessels were included those sunk. The vessels sunk were:

1 destroyer
2 small escort vessels
1 large tanker
2 patrol vessels
1 medium cargo vessel
2 small cargo vessels

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Depart­ment communiqué. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 598, MAY 15, 1945 

JAPANESE LOSSES INFLICTED BY U. S. SUBMARINES
(According to the latest available information)

Combatant Ships  
  Sunk Probably Sunk Damaged Total
Battleships 0 0 1 1
Aircraft Carriers 4 2 2 8
Cruisers 17 2 6 25
Destroyers 54 6 6 65
Submarines 0 0 0 0
Tenders 3 1 1 6
Others 63 1 0 54
     Total 131 11 16 168
Non‑Combatant Ships
Tankers 110 1 18 129
Transports 165 5 8 178
Cargo & Supply 682 17 71 770
Miscellaneous 40 3 6 49
     Totals 997 26 103 1126
Total Ships of all Types 1128 87 119 1284

 

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CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 363, MAY 15, 1945 

Airfield installations at Kokubu, Kanoya, Chiran and Kagoshima on Kyushu were bombed by Avenger torpedo planes of the Fast Carrier Task Forces of the U. S. Pacific Fleet on the night of May 12‑13 (East Longitude Dates.)

Twelve enemy planes were shot down during this period. On May 13 and 14, heavy strikes of torpedo aircraft, Helldiver bombers and Corsair and Hell­cat fighters were launched against airfields throughout Kyushu and in parts of Shikoku in the Japanese Empire. During these two days our aircraft de­stroyed 71 enemy planes and a barrage balloon in the air and 93 planes on the ground and destroyed or damaged 108 more on the ground. An additional 73 aircraft were brought under machine gun and rocket attack with unob­served results. Railroad installations in Kyushu were heavily hit with an oil train, four locomotives, a railroad station, a chemical plant and a number of large buildings destroyed or seriously damaged. Our planes also struck buildings, barracks and aviation installations at airdromes in Saeki, Oita, Miyakonojo, Kikuchi, Ashiya, Gannosu, Kofuji, Usa, Izumi, Tachiarai, Chiran, Omura and Hitoyoshi on Kyushu and at airfields in Kochi and Matsuyama on Shikoku.

Two motor boats and two luggers were sunk and a repair ship, seven torpedo boats, four luggers, a small cargo ship, four small craft and a tug were dam­aged on May 13 and 14. Preliminary reports indicate that our forces lost about 10 aircraft in these attacks.

Search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One heavily damaged a small freighter transport and two small cargo ships on May 14 in the waters around Korea.

On May 14, escort carrier aircraft attacked airfield installations in the Sakishima group and struck enemy positions on Kume Island west of Okinawa. On the same date night fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing struck targets in the Amami group. No material changes were made in the Tenth Army lines on Okinawa on May 15. The day was marked by heavy fighting along the western and central sectors of the front where the enemy mounted a counterattack in the Sixth Marine Division sector. The Twenty‑Second Regiment of Marines standing at the suburbs of Naha met the assault of the enemy during the morning and beat it off in hand to hand fighting, finally driving the attackers into the interior of Takamotoji Town with heavy losses. An attempt to land small craft behind the Marine's lines in the Machinato airfield sector was broken up by Naval gunfire. The First Marine Division continued to attack the high ground in the vicinity of Wana Town and the Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division after a difficult five day battle, captured "Chocolate Drop Hill", east of Ishimmi, inflicting major losses on the enemy. In the eastern sector, the Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Division strengthened its positions and beat off an enemy counterattack in the vicinity of Conical Hill. Throughout the day, Army and Marine troops were supported by field artil­lery, heavy Naval gunfire and carrier and land‑based aircraft.

Fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing struck installations on Kikai Island in the Amami Group on May 16.

Fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed and strafed enemy facilities in the Palaus an May 14.

Search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Two sank a small cargo ship at Truk on May 15. 

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N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 599, MAY 16, 1945 Atlantic. 

1. The USS Frederick C. Davis, a destroyer escort, was sunk recently in the Atlantic by an enemy submarine.

2. Next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 364, MAY 16, 1945 

During the early evening of May 15 (East Longitude Date) about 12 enemy aircraft approached our ships off Okinawa but were intercepted by escort carrier and Second Marine Aircraft Wing planes which shot down nine and forced the others to retire without causing damage. A single enemy plane was shot down early in the morning on May 16 when a few enemy aircraft attacked Yontan and Kadena airfields causing minor damage.

Marine and Army Infantrymen supported by tanks, aircraft, field artillery and Naval gunfire continued to carry the attack to the enemy on Okinawa on May 16 but the lines remained substantially unchanged. Shuri Town was sub­jected to heavy bombardment by artillery and Naval guns. Local gains were made on the West Coast by The Sixth Marine Division. The Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division was engaged in an uphill drive against stubbornly defended tombs and caves. On the east the Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Division attacked westward through the rugged country around Conical Hill.

At the end of May 15, the enemy had lost 46,505 killed in action at Okinawa. Our forces on that date had captured 1,038 prisoners.

Reports through May 14 show that 2,771 soldiers and 1,010 Marines have been killed in action in the Okinawa operations. In the same period 11,675 soldiers and 5,329 Marines have been wounded and 129 soldiers and 36 Marines are missing.

In operations against Ishigaki and Miyako in the Sakishima group on May 14‑15, escort carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet shot down three enemy planes and destroyed two on the ground.

Search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing One sank two medium freighters and heavily damaged a medium freighter transport south of the Korean Coast on May 15. On the following day planes of the same wing damaged a small cargo ship in the same area.

Search Venturas and Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Eighteen attacked shipping and installations along the southern coast of Honshu on May 16 sinking a small oiler, a small cargo ship and five fishing craft and damaging a fuel barge. Search planes of this wing damaged the entrances to three rail­road tunnels along the coast with rocket and bomb hits.

Helldiver bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing struck storage areas on Yap in the Carolines and fighter aircraft attacked targets in the Palaus on May 15.

Fleet Air Wing Two search planes made neutralizing attacks on Wake Island and on enemy installations in the Marshalls on May 15.

Search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Four made rocket and machine gun attacks on trawlers and fishing craft off Kokutan Cape on Shimushu in the northern Kuriles on May 15. 

424

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 365, MAY 17, 1945 

On the evening of May 16 (East Longitude Date) a small group of enemy aircraft attempted to attack our forces on and around Okinawa but failed to cause any damage. One enemy plane was destroyed.

Elements of the Sixth Marine Division crossed the Asato River and gained a small bridgehead in Naha, capital of Okinawa on May 17. During the late afternoon the Marines, after heavy fighting, also captured "Sugar Loaf Hill" several hundred yards northeast of Takimotoji. On the Third Amphibious Corps left flank, troops of the First Marine Division reached Wana Town during the day. Without advance artillery preparation, infantrymen of the Seventy‑Seventh Army Division made a surprise night attack against enemy positions on the high ground in the vicinity of Ishimmi Town and reached the outskirts of the town by noon of May 17. In the Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Division zone of action, enemy resistance was heavy in the hill masses east of Ishimmi and in the ridges running south of Conical Hill. Some progress was being made in destruction of enemy strong points.

The attacking infantry was supported by artillery, Naval gunfire and heavy strikes of planes of the escort carriers and the Second Marine Aircraft Wing. Through May 15, guns of the U. S. Pacific Fleet had delivered 25,000 tons ammunition of five inch caliber or larger in support of the troops on Okinawa.

Carrier aircraft of the British Pacific Fleet heavily bombed towns and airfields in the Sakishima group on May 16 and 17, damaging three planes on the ground and strafing four others with unobserved results. In these attacks two small craft were destroyed, a small coastal cargo ship and a lugger were left in sinking condition and two small cargo ships, two luggers and six barges were damaged. A large explosion was observed during an attack on Ohama Town and an oil dump set afire. Motor vehicles loaded with troops were severely strafed.

Army Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command swept Atsugi airfield in the vicinity of Tokyo with low level attacks on May 17 destroying seven enemy aircraft on the ground, probably destroying two more and damaging 33 others. One of our aircraft was shot down by intense antiaircraft fire over the target.

On May 16, Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force sank a small cargo ship or escort vessel in the waters between Paramushiru and Shimushu in the northern Kuriles and damaged two enemy fighters which attacked.

Aircraft of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing struck targets in the Marshalls on May 16 and in the Palaus on the following day. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 366, MAY 18, 1945 

During the period May 16‑17 (East Longitude Dates) troops of the Tenth Army penetrated sectors of the enemy's line on Okinawa which are being defended with the greatest tenacity of the entire operation. On the evening of May 16, "G" Company of the 383rd Regiment, Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Division, at the crest of Conical Hill engaged in a one‑hour grenade battle with a force of counter‑attacking Japanese before driving the enemy oft the peak. On the same day in the Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division zone of action, the 307th Regiment captured a small hill twice, were forced to retire on both occasions, recaptured the Hill on the morning of May 17 and again were forced to retire due to heavy artillery and mortar fire later in the day. 

425

The First Marine Division captured a Japanese command post on top of a small hill between Dakeshi and Wana on the afternoon of May 17 after over­coming intense opposition from caves. The Sixth Marine Division which cap­tured "Sugar Loaf Hill" on the same day retained possession of it only after losing it twice to heavy counterattack. During this Division's advance from the Asa to the Asato River, it is estimated that two battalions of Japanese troops were destroyed.

Ground troops were supported on May 17 and 18 by heavy gunfire from ships of the U. S. Pacific Fleet and by aircraft from escort carriers of the fleet and from the Second Marine Aircraft Wing and 318th Army Fighter Group. A few enemy planes were over the Okinawa Area late in the day on May 17 and during the early morning hours of May 18.

Search Aircraft of Fleet Air Wing One sank a small freighter south of Korea and damaged two freighter transports and an oiler in the same area on May 18. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 367, MAY 19, 1943 

Troops of the Tenth Army maintained heavy pressure on the enemy along the whole southern front of Okinawa on May 18 (East Longitude Date), meet­ing strong resistance at all points on the front lines. The Sixth Marine Divi­sion withdrew from "Sugar Loaf Hill" in the western sector after nightfall on May 17 but occupied the summit for the fifth time after heavy fighting on the morning of May 18. The enemy has sacrificed large numbers of troops in the defense of this key position before Naha. The First Marine Division gained several hundred yards and was operating east of Wana Town to destroy enemy strong points in that area. The Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division continued to assault strongly held enemy positions with local support from aircraft and from flame‑throwing tanks. This division gained some ground on its right flank near Ishimmi Town. In the hilly sector on the eastern end of the lines south and east of Conical Hill, the Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Division progressed slowly in hand to hand fighting. The enemy employed substantial artillery fire all along the line in attempts to contain the attacks of our forces. Our troops were supported throughout the day by ships' gunfire and aircraft bombing. A few enemy aircraft appeared over the Okinawa area during the evening of May 17. Two enemy planes were shot down.

Minor changes were made in the positions of our troops attacking the Shuri position on May 19. Enemy resistance throughout the hilly area around the fortress town remained extremely strong. The Sixth Marine Division re­pulsed a counterattack east of Takamotoji during the early morning. The First Marine Division and Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division continued to attack abreast against heavily fortified ridges and hills around Wana Town. The Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Division continued to develop its positions around Conical Hill and to the west of that point in violent hand to hand fighting. On the evening of May, 18, a small group of enemy aircraft attacked our forces in the area of Okinawa. Fourteen were shot down by combat air patrols and by ships' gunfire.

Our attacking troops were supported by aircraft from carriers and from the Second Marine Aircraft Wing and by Naval gunfire.

The enemy on Okinawa at the end of May 17 had lost 48,103 killed in action. U. S. Military Government authorities on that date, had 139,858 civilians under their jurisdiction. 

426

The following is a report of casualties to United States Forces in the Okinawa operation and associated operations against Japan since March 18: 

Army troops to May 18, killed and missing 3,093, wounded 12,078.

Fleet Marine Forces to May 18, killed and missing 1,239, wounded 8,180.

U. S. Pacific Fleet to May 16, killed and missing 3,978, wounded 3,958. 

Sweeping the northern Ryukyus on May 17‑18, aircraft from fast car­riers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet sank a number of luggers and small craft and damaged numerous others, destroyed five planes on the ground and probably destroyed eight more. Fuel dumps, buildings and installations at Yaku, Tokara, Tokuno, Kikai, Gaja and Amami were destroyed or damaged.

Search Liberators and Privateers of Fleet Air Wing Eighteen struck ship­ping and installations along the south coast of Honshu May 18, sinking a trawler, damaging six small cargo ships, a trawler, a sailing vessel, and numerous fishing craft. In low level attacks, planes of this wing wrecked a train. On the following day, the planes of the same wing sank a small cargo ship and damaged three others near the Honshu coast.

Search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing One heavily damaged a medium oiler south of Korea on May 19.

On May 18, Army Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Command attacked military installations on Chichi Jima in the Bonins. On the same date, Corsairs and Hellcats of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing struck targets in the Palaus, on Yap and in the Marshalls. Marine aircraft again bombed Installa­tions in the Palaus on May 19. One plane was shot down by enemy antiair­craft fire but pilot was rescued. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 368, MAY 20, 1945 

The Tenth Army in Southern Okinawa gained ground slowly against the heaviest kind of resistance in the central and western sectors as it enveloped the enemy citadel of Shuri on May 20 (East Longitude Date). The First Marine Division established its forward elements at a point about 800 yards south of Dakeshi Town and the Seventy‑Seventh Infantry Division, after re­pulsing three enemy counterattacks, captured a strong point 900 yards north­east of Shuri. In the Sixth Marine Division zone on the west coast, local progress was made east of Takamotoji. Moving against intense fire the Ninety-Sixth Infantry Division reached an elevation about 1,600 yards east of Ishimmi Town. Throughout the day our troops in all sectors met strong re­sistance from caves, pillboxes and intense small arms fire. Ships' gunfire and aircraft continued to support the troops.

A few enemy planes were over the area of Okinawa early on May 20, but no activity was reported during daylight hours when adverse weather prevailed.

On the night of May 18‑19, Thunderbolts of the 318th Army Fighters Group struck targets among the Amami Islands. Thunderbolts of the same force strafed air installations in the Northern Ryukyus and joined a Navy search Privateer to sink a picket craft west of Kyushu on May 20.

Search Privateers of Fleet Air Wing One sank a medium freighter, prob­ably sank two small freighters and damaged a number of landing craft in the waters around Korea on May 20.

Thunderbolt fighters of the Seventh Army Air Force strafed sir installa­tions and barges at Truk on May 20. On the same date, Seventh Air Force Liberators bombed Marcus Island. 

427

Mopping up operations continued on Iwo Island, the Islands of the Marianas and the Palau Islands during the week May 6 through 12. In this period, 141 of the enemy were killed and 167 were captured.

Search aircraft of Fleet Air Wing Four struck installations at Kokutan on Shimushu in the Northern Kuriles with bombs and rockets on May 18. On the same date, Liberators of the Eleventh Army Air Force bombed Kataoka naval base on the same island. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 369, MAY 21, 1945 

On the night of May 20‑21 (East Longitude Dates) the Sixth Marine Division in western Okinawa repulsed a substantial counterattack by Japanese troops, some of whom were found to be wearing Marine uniforms and carry­ing U. S. weapons. An attempt by three groups of the enemy to destroy our tanks in the First Marine Division sector by use of suicide demolitions was repulsed.

During the darkness of early morning of May 21, infantrymen of the Seventy‑Seventh Army Division struck out in a surprise attack against the enemy lines north of Shuri and captured the town of Taira Machi under In­tense small arms fire. Fighting heavily all day, troops of the Twenty‑Fourth Army Corps and the Marine Third Amphibious Corps made advances on both flanks and in the center of the lines. The Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Division pressed southward making gains toward Yonabaru Town on the east coast and was under intense interlocking machine gun fire throughout the day. In the center of the lines, the Seventy‑Seventh Division was moving slowly south of Taira Mach! after repulsing a strong enemy effort to recapture the town in daylight. The First Marine Division was engaged in heavy fighting during the afternoon in the ridges in the Wana area. On the west coast, the Sixth Marine Division was attacking on a line south of Sugar Loaf Hill which is now reported secured after its peak had changed hands eleven times !n heavy fighting.

The troops were supported by heavy field artillery and Naval gunfire.

During the evening of May 20, about 35 enemy planes made low level attacks on our ships off the coast of Okinawa damaging five light units. Twenty‑six of the attacking aircraft were destroyed by our forces.

A search Privateer of Fleet Air Wing One bombed warehouse installa­tions on Yaku Island in the northern Ryukyus on May 20 starting large fires. From the inauguration of searches from Okinawa area bases until May 21, planes of this wing sank 86,880 tons of enemy shipping, damaged 81,500 tons, destroyed 21 enemy aircraft and damaged 15 aircraft.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed defense positions in the Palaus and on Yap on May 20. Planes of Fleet Air Wing Two and the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing struck enemy positions in the Marshalls on May 19‑20.

A Mitchell bomber of the Eleventh Army Air Force was lost to antiaircraft fire during an attack on Minami Cape on Shimushu in the northern Kuriles on May 20. Search planes of Fleet Air Wing Four swept targets !n the area of Paramushiru on the same date. 

428 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 370, MAY 22, 1945 

At dusk on May 21 (East Longitude Date) about 12 to 15 enemy aircraft attacked U. S. ships in the Okinawa area. Eight of these planes were de­stroyed by our forces and the remainder retired from the area without caus­ing damage.

Heavy rains and resulting mud limited the movement of armored vehicles and restricted operations in the central and western sectors of the front in Southern Okinawa on May 22. On the eastern end of the lines the advances made in the previous week by the Ninety‑Sixth Infantry Division permitted the Seventh Infantry Division to launch a night attack which carried their forward elements into Yonabaru on the left flank and around the city into the high ground overlooking Rioj Town and Itarashiku Town to the south. Reports at this time indicate that the enemy has chosen not to defend Yona­baru which has been thoroughly reduced by our gunfire and bombing. Mean­while the Ninety Sixth Infantry Division continued to attack enemy defenses southwest of Conical Hill. During early morning darkness of May 22, the Marine Division in the west repulsed a Japanese counterattack killing about 80 of the enemy. The Sixth Marine Division continued to consolidate its posi­tion along the Asato River and the Seventy Seventh Infantry Division con­ducted mopping up operations.

Carrier based aircraft of the British Pacific Fleet bombed airfields, bar­racks, port installations, and buildings in the Sakishima group on May 20 and 21. One enemy plane was shot down.

Search Mariners of Fleet Air Wing One damaged two small cargo ships in the East China Sea on May 22. One the same date a search Privateer of this wing strafed a small cargo ship and left it burning south of Korea.

A small group of enemy bombers made a low level attack on installations on Iwo Island during the night of May 21, causing a few casualties. Two enemy planes were shot down.

Liberators and Privateers of Fleet Air Wing Eighteen shot down a glider, probably destroyed an enemy plane and sank two small cargo ships south of Honshu on May 21. On the following day aircraft of this wing destroyed three fishing craft and damaged a small cargo ship in the same area.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed enemy installations !n the Palaus and on Yap on May 21 and 22. On May 21 and during the night of May 21‑22, Mustangs of the Seventh Fighter Com­mand bombed and strafed a radio station on Chichi Jima !n the Bonins. Marine bombers continued neutralizing raids on the Marshalls on May 21. In mopping up operations on Iwo Island and the Island of the Marianas from May 13 through May 19, U. S. forces killed 94 of the enemy and captured 134. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 371, MAY 23, 1945 

Two small groups of enemy aircraft attacked our forces on and around Okinawa during the evening of May 22 (East Longitude Date). One enemy plane was shot down and the remainder driven off without causing damage.

Continuing rains and heavy mud limited the movement of ground troops and armored vehicles !n southern Okinawa on May 23. In these adverse condi­tions the Seventh Infantry Division on our left flank expanded Its positions south of Yonabaru capturing a hill south of Taira Town and another eleva­tion west of Yonabaru after sharp fighting in which the Thirty Second and One Hundred Eighty Fourth Regiments led the attack. The Sixth Marine 

429

Division on the right flank sent elements of the Fourth Regiment of Marines across the Asato River about 1,000 yards from its mouth during the day under cover of field artillery and heavy Naval gunfire. In the area west of Conical Hill the Ninety Sixth Infantry Division was meeting stiff resistance beating of one counterattack in which the Three Hundred Eighty Second Regiment killed about 160 of the enemy. The Seventy Seventh Infantry Divi­sion was engaged throughout the day in attacking a range of hills south of Ishimmi and before the city of Shuri. In the First Marine Division sector a counterattack by the enemy was repulsed.

Escort carrier aircraft of the U. S. Pacific Fleet bombed airfields and installations on Ishigaki and Miyako in the Sakishima group on May 22 and 23 setting one aircraft afire and strafing five others on the ground.

A search seaplane of Fleet Air Wing One heavily damaged a small cargo ship in the East China Sea on May 23.

Search Privateers and Liberators of Fleet Air Wing Eighteen sank three small craft south of Tokyo and strafed radar and camp installations on Shikoku on May 22. On the following day Venturas of this wing strafed bar­racks and shipping on and around Honshu and a search plane shot down one enemy fighter and sank a net tender and a small cargo ship oft the Honshu coast.

Corsair and Hellcat fighters of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing bombed targets in the Palaus on May 22 and Helldiver bombers of the same wing struck Yap on the same date. Planes of Fleet Air Wing Two strafed targets in the Marshalls on May 21 and 22. On May 23 Thunderbolts of the Seventh Army Air Force destroyed one aircraft on the ground and probably destroyed another in attacks on Truk. 

N. D.  COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 600, MAY 24, 1945

Philippine Area. 

1. The YMS‑481 has been lost in the Philippines area as the result of enemy action.

2. The next of kin of casualties have been informed. 

CINCPOA COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 372, MAY 24, 1945 

Several small air raids were made by the enemy on our forces in the Okinawa Area on May 23 (East Longitude Date), causing minor damage to a light unit.

Heavy mud continued to hamper movement of the Tenth Army in South­ern Okinawa on May 24. On our right flank in the west, the Sixth Marine Division constructed two bridges across the Asato River under fire of enemy artillery and sent Infantry elements to the bridgehead on the South Bank In force. Patrols afoot were engaged throughout the day, reducing strong points South of the River. On our Left flank in the East, the Seventh Infantry Divi­sion made important advances after sharp fighting. Action along the remainder of the front was limited largely to mopping up operations. Use of our armor was prevented by adverse conditions of the terrain at the front.

Numerous small groups of enemy aircraft attacked our forces afloat and ashore at le Shims during the evening of May 24, causing some damage to installations on the Island. By 2330, Local Time, fifteen enemy planes had been destroyed and the attack was continuing.

430

U. S. Military Government authorities on Okinawa are engaged in de­velopment of facilities for the caring of more than 139,000 civilians on the island. Of the civilians thus far taken under our jurisdiction, 82 per cent are children under seventeen years of age or women. The majority of adult males on the Island were drafted for labor service with the enemy prior to U. S. landings. During the month of April, 86 per cent of the civilians in areas under U. S. control subsisted wholly on native resources. Security patrolling of areas under the Island Commander is being carried out by troops of the Twenty‑Seventh Infantry Division.

Aircraft from Escort Carriers of the U. S. Pacific Fleet continued to neutralize enemy airfields in the Sakishima Group on May 24. Five planes were strafed on the ground at Miyako Island.

Search Coronados of Fleet Air Wing One shot down an enemy fighter off the coast of Southern Korea on May 24.

Fighters and bombers of the Fourth Marine Aircraft Wing struck instal­lations in the Palaus and on Yap on May 23 and 24.

Light Naval units of the U. S. Pacific Fleet bombarded Suribachi Port and installations on the East Coast of Paramushiru on May 20, causing fires and explosions. An attack by two enemy aircraft upon our forces during their retirement was beaten off without casualties to our ships. 

APPENDIX 

Communiqués, Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas: No. 1 to No. 10 (June 4, 1942 to November 16, 1942) 

Alphabetical list of U. S. naval vessels announced sunk, destroyed to prevent capture, or overdue and presumed lost since December 7, 1941 (May 24, 1945) 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ  NO. 1, JUNE 4, 1942 

At 8:36 a.m., today Midway time, that island was heavily raided by Japanese carrier based planes. The attack was repulsed by the local defenders in which all the armed services are represented. A heavy toll of the attacking planes was taken. Damage to material installations at Midway was reported as minor. No report of personnel casualties has been received.

The Japanese carriers were accompanied by battleships, cruisers, and destroyers. One battleship and one carrier have been definitely damaged and other vessels are believed to have been hit. Our attacks on the enemy are continuing. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 2, JUNE 5, 1942 

The Japanese have not followed up their initial air attack on Midway except by a few ineffectual shots from a submarine during last night. As more reports come in it appears that the enemy's damage is very heavy indeed, involving several ships in each of the carrier, battleship, cruiser and transport classes. This damage is far out of proportion to that which we have received.

The brunt of the defense to date has fallen upon our aviation personnel in

431

which the Army, Navy and Marine Corps are all represented. They have added another shining page to their record of achievements.

One carrier already damaged by air attack was hit by three torpedoes fired by a submarine.

On every occasion when we have met the enemy our officers and men have been superlative in their offensive spirit and complete lack of fear. Our country can feel secure with personnel such as this.

There were reported several instances of the enemy planes machine gunning our aviation personnel who had bailed out in parachutes or were adrift in rubber boats.

While too early to claim a major Japanese disaster it may be conserva­tively stated that the United States' control remains firm in the Midway area.

The enemy appears to be withdrawing but we are continuing the battle. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 3, JUNE 6, 1942 

Through the skill and devotion to duty of their armed forces of all branches in the Midway area our citizens can now rejoice that a momentous victory is in the making.

It was on a Sunday just six months ago that the Japanese made their peace‑time attack on our fleet and army activities on Oahu. At that time they created heavy damage, it is true, but their act aroused the grim deter­mination of our citizenry to avenge such treachery, and it raised, not lowered, the morale of our fighting men.

Pearl Harbor has now been partially avenged. Vengeance will not be complete until Japanese sea power has been reduced to impotence. We have made substantial progress in that direction. Perhaps we will be forgiven if we claim we are about midway to our objective!

The battle is not over. All returns have not yet been received. It is with full confidence, however, that for this phase of the action the following enemy losses are claimed: two or three carriers, and all their aircraft, destroyed; in addition one or two carriers badly damaged and most of their aircraft lost; three battleships damaged, at least one badly; four cruisers damaged, two heavily; three transports damaged. It is possible that some of these wounded ships will not be able to reach their bases. One of our carriers was hit and some planes were lost. Our personnel casualties were light.

This is the balance sheet that the Army, Navy, and Marine forces in this area offer their country this morning. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 4, JUNE 7, 1942 

The enemy appears to be withdrawing. Contact was lost during last night. Additional damage was inflicted on two enemy cruisers. Until all reports can be checked, it is impossible to state whether these cruisers are in addition to those reported in Communiqué No. 3, or whether they were dam­aged cruisers included in the previous report. One enemy destroyer was sunk.

One United States destroyer was sunk by a submarine but nearby ships rescued the personnel with small loss of life.

Except for minor submarine activity in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Island Chain, this section of the Pacific is quiet.

432

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 5 

(Communiqué No. 5 was not issued.) 

CINCPAC NO. 6, AUGUST 8, 1942 

Forces of the United States Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas, assisted by units of the Southwest Pacific Area, launched offensive operations in the Tulagi area of the Solomon Islands on August 7th, East Longitude Date. These operations are progressing favorably in spite of opposition by enemy land based aircraft and garrisons.

On August 8th, East Longitude Date, a task force of the Pacific Fleet bombarded enemy ships and installations in Kiska Harbor. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 7, AUGUST 21, 1942 

A force of Marines of the U. S. Pacific Fleet made a successful landing on Japanese held Makin Island on August 17th. The purpose of the expedition was to destroy the installations of this enemy seaplane base. This purpose was accomplished in its entirety and the force has been withdrawn.

Known enemy losses inflicted by the Marines are: at least eighty Japanese killed; radio installation and stores destroyed; one large and one small sea­plane destroyed on the water. Other losses were inflicted on the enemy forces by heavy bombing attacks of their own aircraft from other bases, which were attempting to assist them.

The ships of our expedition gunned and sank one small transport and one gunboat.

Considering the nature of this operation, our forces suffered only moderate losses.

The Naval officer commanding the expedition was Commander John M. Haines, U. S. Navy. The Marines were commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Evans F. Carlson, U. S. Marine Corps Reserve. Second in command of the Marines was Major James Roosevelt, U. S. Marine Corps Reserve. None of these officers was on the casualty list. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 8, AUGUST 21, 1943 

Since the initial successful landings in the Solomon Islands by U. S. Forces under the command of Vice Admiral Ghormley, a period of mopping up in order to consolidate our positions has been in progress. Japanese defenders took to the hills and jungle to escape from our forces. There have been daily skirmishes between U. S. Marine patrols and enemy detachments. In these actions both sides have suffered casualties.

On August 19th the Marines with a loss of 6 killed and 13 wounded wiped out a Japanese detachment of 92 officers and men. Enemy resistance continued until the last man was killed.

On the night of August 20th the enemy landed a force of about 700 well equipped troops from high‑speed boats outside of the Marines' lines, and attempted to break through. During darkness only hand to hand fighting was possible but with the breaking of day the Marines were able to maneuver. While one battalion held the front line another battalion moved to a flank and 

433

drove the then withdrawing Japanese to the beach. Action continued until late afternoon. Of the 700 Japanese, 070 are dead, the rest prisoners. Marine losses were 28 killed and 72 wounded.

The Marines in the Solomons, who are under the command of Major General Alexander A. Vandegrift, U. S. Marine Corps, have added another page to their history of outstanding achievement. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 15, 1942 

This afternoon our Army Air Forces in Alaska delivered a most successful attack on enemy shipping and shore installations at Kiska.

Enemy ships and planes in the harbor received direct bomb hits and repeated strafing. At least two naval vessels were sunk. Five enemy fighting planes were shot down in flames and one 4‑engine patrol plane was burned on the water.

Installations and storage dumps around the harbor were repeatedly bombed and strafed, resulting in large fires and explosions.

Enemy personnel casualties are estimated at around 500 whereas we lost two pilots as a result of two P‑38's colliding in midair. 

CINCPAC COMMUNIQUÉ NO. 10, NOVEMBER 16, 1942 

By far the strongest Japanese attempt to date to recapture Guadalcanal has been completely frustrated by the aggressive action of Vice Admiral W. F. Halsey and his forces in the South Pacific Area.

The enemy transport force was almost annihilated, so that little if any assistance reached the Japanese land forces on Guadalcanal. Major General A. A. Vandegrift, USMC, with his Army, Navy and Marine Corps forces continued to have the situation well in hand.

The strong escorting and bombardment forces of the enemy, comprising a large portion of his fleet, were attacked by our surface forces in two heavy night engagements in the vicinity of Guadalcanal. They were also severely damaged by our aircraft, submarines and motor torpedo boats.

As a result all enemy forces were either destroyed or driven back and a major victory was obtained by our gallant forces.

Report of own and enemy losses have been announced by the Navy De­partment. 

434

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF U. S. NAVAL VESSELS ANNOUNCED SUNK, DESTROYED TO PREVENT CAPTURE, OR OVERDUE AND PRESUMED LOST SINCE DECEMBER 7, 1942.

Name Type Date of Announcement Comque.
Aaron Ward Destroyer Apr. 9, 1943 339
Abner Read " Nov. 20, 1944 555
Acacia Coast Guard Cutter Mar. 26, 1942 63
Albacore Submarine Mar. 27, 1945 587
Alexander Hamilton Coast Guard Cutter Feb. 23, 1942 43
Amberjack Submarine June 12, 1943 408
APC‑21 Coastal Transport Jan. 1, 1944 493
Argonaut Submarine Feb. 21, 1943 288
Arizona Battleship Dec. 15, 1941 Press Release
Asheville Patrol Vessel Mar. 21, 194 259
Astoria Heavy Cruiser Oct. 12, 1942 147
Atlanta Light Cruiser Nov. 16, 1942 194
Barbel Submarine Mar. 21, 1945 586
Barton Destroyer Nov. 16, 1942 194
Beatty " Nov. 12, 1943 482
Bedloe USCG Patrol Craft Sept. 17, 1944 Press Release
Benham Destroyer Nov. 22, 1942 198
Bismarck Sea Aircraft Carrier Escort Mar. 23, 1945 CinCPoa Press Release
Bittern Minesweeper Apr. 10, 1942 69
Block Island Aircraft Carrier Escort June 5, 1944 523
Blue Destroyer Sept. 5, 1942 119
Borie " Nov. 10, 1943 481
Bristol " Oct. 14, 1943 474
Brownson " Jan. 13, 1944 Press Release
Buck " Oct. 14, 1943 474
Bush " Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338
Canopus Submarine Tender Apr. 10, 1942 69
Capelan Submarine Mar. 18, 1944 510
Chevalier Destroyer Nov. 10, 1943 481
Chicago Heavy Cruiser Feb. 16, 1943 282
Cisco Submarine Feb. 8, 1944 504
Colhoun Destroyer Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338
Colhoun Transport Sept. 5, 1942 119
Cooper Destroyer Dec. 27, 1944 563
Corry " July 13, 1944 530
Corvina Submarine Mar. 14, 1944 509
Cushing Destroyer Nov. 16, 1942 194
Cythera Small Patrol Vessel June 4, 1942 86
Darter Submarine Nov. 13, 1944 Press Release
De Haven Destroyer Feb. 16, 1943 282
Dewey Drydock Floating Drydock Apr. 10, 1942 69
Dickerson Destroyer Transport Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338
Dorado Submarine Oct. 24, 1943 476
Duncan Destroyer Oct. 13, 1942 149, 187
Edsall " Mar. 24, 1942 61
Edward Rutledge Transport. Dec. 2, 1942 209
Emmons Mine Vessel‑Mine Sweeper Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338
Escanaba Coast Guard Cutter June 18, 1943 417
Escolar Submarine Feb. 28, 1945 581
Eversole Destroyer Escort Nov. 20, 1944 555
Extractor Salvage Vessel. Mar. 1, 1945 582
Fechteler Destroyer Escort June 26, 1944 528
Flier Submarine Sept. 19, 1944 545
Finch Minesweeper Apr. 16, 1942 72
Fiske Destroyer Escort Aug. 12, 1944 537
Frederick C. Davis " May 16, 1945 599
Gambier Bay Aircraft Carrier Escort Oct. 27, 1944 551, 554
Gannet Tug June 25, 1942 91

435

Name Type Date of Announcement Comque.
George F. Elliott Transport Aug. 29, 1942 115, 135
Glennon Destroyer July 13, 1944 530
Golet Submarine Oct. 23, 1944 549
Grampus " June 12, 1943 408
Grayback " June 20, 1944 526
Grayling " Dec. 24, 1943 491
Gregory Transport Sept. 30, 1942 135
Grenadier Submarine Sept. 11, 1943 464
Growler " Feb. 1, 1945 572
Grunion " Oct. 5, 1942 139
Gudgeon " Sept. 12, 1944 542
Gwin Destroyer July 16, 1943 442
Halligan " Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338
Hammann " July 14, 1942 97
Harder Submarine Jan. 2, 1945 565
Helena Light Cruiser July 7, 1943 436
Henley Destroyer Nov. 10, 1943 481
Herring Submarine Oct. 23, 1944 549
Hoel Destroyer Oct. 27, 1944 551, 554
Hornet Aircraft Carrier Jan. 11, 1943 169, 248
Houston Heavy Cruiser Mar. 14, 1942 54
Hovey Minesweeper Feb. 1, 1945 571
Hugh L. Scott Transport Dec. 3, 1942 209
Hull Destroyer Jan. 10, 1945 Press Release
Ingraham Destroyer Aug. 27, 1942 113
Jackson USCG Patrol Vessel Sept. 17, 1944 Press Release
Jacob Jones Destroyer Mar. 3, 1942 50
Jarvis " Sept. 24, 1942 131
John Penn Cargo‑Transport Sept. 29, 1943 Press Release
Johnston Destroyer Oct. 27, 1944 551, 554
Joseph Hewes Transport Dec. 3, 1942 209
Juneau Light Cruiser Nov. 16, 1942 194
Kanawha Tanker Apr. 9, 1943 339
Laffey Destroyer Nov. 16, 1942 194
Langley Seaplane Tender Apr. 3, 1942 65
Lansdale Destroyer May 10, 1944 519
Lc (No number) Landing Craft Mar. 31, 1944 515
LCI‑1065. Landing Craft, Infantry Nov. 20, 1945 555
LCI‑(G) 82 " Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338
LCI‑(G) 459 " Dec. 5, 1944 558
LCI‑(G) 474 Landing Craft, Infantry, (Gunboat) Apr. 5, 1945 591
LCI‑(G) 974 " Apr. 2, 1945 590
LCI‑(L)‑20 Landing Craft, Infantry, (Large) Mar. 31, 1944 515
LCI‑(L)‑32 " Mar. 31, 1944 515
LCI‑(L)‑85 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
LCI‑(L)‑91 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
LCI‑(L)‑92 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
LCI‑(L)‑93 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
XI‑(L)‑219 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
XI‑(L)‑232   Oct. 26, 1944 550
LCI‑(L)‑600 " Mar. 1, 1945 582
LCS‑(L)‑(3)‑7 Landing Craft, Support,(Large) Mar. 29, 1945 588
LCS‑(L)‑(3)‑26 " May 10, 1945 596
LCS‑(L)‑(3)‑33 " Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338
LCS‑(L)‑(3)‑49 " Apr. 12, 1945 592
LCT (5) 26 " Mar. 31, 1944 515
LCT (5) 35 " Mar. 31, 1944 515
LCT (5) 36 " Mar. 31, 1944 515
LCT (5) 340 " Mar. 31, 1944 515
LCT (6) 876 " Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338

436

Name Type Date of Announcement Comque.
Leary Destroyer Jan. 3, 1944 494
Leedstown Transport Dec. 3, 1942 209
Leopold Destroyer Escort Mar. 20, 1944 511
Lexington Aircraft Carrier June 12, 1942 88
Liscome Bay Aircraft Carrier Escort Dec. 2, 1943 487
Little Transport Sept. 24, 1942 131
Long Minesweeper Feb. 13, 1945 576
LSM‑20 Landing Ship, Medium Dec. 27, 1944 563
LSM‑318 " Jan. 2, 1945 565
LST 282 Landing Ship, Tank Sept. 23, 1944 546
LST 314 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
LST 348 " Mar. 31, 1944 515
LST 359 " Jan. 22, 1945 569
LST 376 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
LST 460 " Jan. 10, 1945 567
LST 472 " Jan. 10, 1945 567
LST 496 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
LST 499 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
LST 523 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
LST 577 " Mar. 29, 1945 588
LST 738 " Jan. 10, 1945 567
LST 749 " Feb. 2, 1945 573
LST 750 " Jan. 10, 1945 567
LST 921 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
Luzon River Gunboat May 6, 1942 76
Macaw Auxiliary Submarine Vessel Mar. 20, 1944 Press Release
McCawley Transport July 1, 1943 429
McKean Destroyer‑Transport Nov. 20, 1943 485
Maddox Destroyer Aug. 15, 1943 458
Mahan Destroyer Dec. 22, 1944 561
Mannert L. Abele Destroyer Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338
Meredith " Oct. 21, 1942 163
Meredith " July 13, 1944 530
Miantonomah Minelayer Oct. 26, 1944 550
Mindanao Patrol Vessel May 4, 1942 75
Mississinewa Auxiliary Oiler Dec. 19, 1944 560
Monaghan Destroyer Jan. 10, 1945 Press Release
Monssen " Nov. 16, 1942 194
Moonstone Patrol Craft Oct. 16, 1943 Press Release
Mount Hood Ammunition Ship Dec. 5, 1944 558
Muskeget Coast Guard Cutter Oct. 9, 1942 145
Napa Tug Apr. 10, 1942 69
Natsek Coast Guard Cutter Jan. 23, 1943 259
Nauset Tug Sept. 17, 1943 466
Navajo " Sept. i7, 1943 466
Necheg Oiler Feb. 3, 1942 37
Neosho Oiler June 12, 1942 88
Niagara Auxiliary Patrol May 26, 1943 390
Noa Auxiliary Transport Sept. 19, 1944 Press Release
Northampton Heavy Cruiser Dec. 3, 1942 211
Oahu Patrol Vessel May 6, 1942 76
O'Brien Destroyer Oct. 21, 1942 163
Ommaney Bay Aircraft Carrier, Escort Feb. 13, 1945 576
Osprey Minesweeper Aug. 10, 1944 536
PC‑496 Submarine Chaser Aug. 15, 1943 458
PC‑558 " June 12, 1944 524
PC‑1129 " Feb. 20, 1945 579
PC‑1261 " Aug. 10, 1944 536
Pe‑56 Patrol Boat May 8, 1945 Ann. by 1 N. D.
PGM 18 Patrol Vessel‑Motor Gunboat Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338
Palmer Minesweeper Feb. 1, 1945 571
Partridge Fleet Tug July 12,1944 536

437

Name Type Date of Announcement Comque.
Peary Destroyer Apr. 3 1942 65
Pecos Oiler Apr. 3, 1942 65
Penguin Minesweeper Dec. 10, 1941 Ann. By 16 N. D.
Perch Submarine Apr. 10, 1942 70
Perkins Destroyer Jan. 1, 1944 493
Perry Minesweeper (DMS‑17) Sept. 19, 1944 43
Pickerel Submarine Aug. 15,1943 458
Pigeon Minesweeper May 6, 1942 76
Pillsbury Destroyer. Mar. 24, 1942 54, 61
Plymouth Gunboat Aug. 15, 1943 458
Pollux Cargo Feb. 24, 1942 44
Pompano Submarine Jan. 5, 1944 495
Pope Destroyer Mar. 14, 1942 54
Porcupine Auxiliary Jan. 10, 1945 567
Portent Minesweeper Mar. 31, 1944 515
Porter Destroyer Oct. 26, 1942 169
Preston " Nov. 16, 1942 194
Princeton Aircraft Carrier, Light Oct. 25, 1944 CinCPac 165
Pringle Destroyer. Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338
PT 31 Motor Torpedo Boat Apr. 10, 1942 Press Release
PT 34 " Apr. 21, 1942 73
PT 35 " Apr. 21, 1942 73
PT 37 " Feb. 16, 1943 282
PT 44 " Dec. 13, 1942 218
PT 73 " Feb. 20, 1945 579
PT 77 " Mar. 9, 1945 583
PT 79 " Mar. 9, 1945 583
PT 111 " Feb. 16, 1943 282
PT 123 " Feb. 16, 1943 282
PT 202 " Sept. 23, 1944 546
PT 218 " Sept. 23, 1944 546
PT 300 " Jan. 2, 1945 565
PT 311 " Jan. 2, 1945 565
PT 320 " Nov. 20, 1944 555
PT 321 " Nov. 20, 1944 555
PT 323 " Jan. 10, 1945 567
PT 338 " Feb. 20, 1945 579
PT 363 " Dec. 5, 1944 558
PT 368 " Nov. 20, 1944 555
PT 371 " Nov. 20, 1944 555
PT 509 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
PT 555 " Sept. 23, 1944 546
Quail Minesweeper May 6, 1942 76
Quincy Heavy Cruiser Oct. 12, 1942 147
R‑12 Submarine June 25, 1943 Press Release
Redwing Submarine Rescue Vessel. Aug. 15, 1943 458
Reid Destroyer Jan. 5, 1945 566
Rich Destroyer Escort July 13, 1944 530
Robalo Submarine Sept. 6, 1944 540
Rowan Destroyer Sept. 17, 1943 466
Runner Submarine Oct. 27, 1943 477
S‑26 " Feb. 7, 1942 Press Release
5‑28 " July 11, 1944 Press Release
S‑44 " Feb. 8, 1944 504
St. Augustine Gunboat Jan. 13, 1944 Press Release
ST. LO Aircraft Carrier Escort Oct. 27, 1944 551, 554
Samuel B. Roberts Destroyer Escort Oct. 27, 1944 551, 554
SC‑694 Submarine Chaser Sept. 14, 1943 464
SC‑696 " Sept. 14, 1943 464
SC‑744 " Jan. 10, 1945 567
Scam Submarine Apr. 12, 1945 592
Sculpin " Mar. 18, 1944 510

438

Name

Type

Date of Announcement

Comque.

Scorpion " Mar. 32, 1944 513
Sealion " Mar. 18, 1942 57
Seawolf " Dec. 28, 1944 564
Seminole Tug Oct. 27, 1942 171
Sentinel Minesweeper Aug. 15, 1943 458
Serpens Cargo Ship Mar. 1, 1945 582
Shark Submarine Mar. 18, 1942 57
Shark " Mar. 1, 1945 582
Shelton Destroyer Escort Nov. 20, 1944 555
Sims Destroyer June 12, 1942 88
Skill Minelayer Oct. 1, 1943 471
Skylark Mine Vessel‑Mine Sweeper Apr. 20, 1945 CinCPoa 338
Sonoma Fleet Tug Nov. 20, 1944 555
Spence Destroyer Jan. 10, 1945 Press Release
Stewart " Mar. 18, 1942 57
Strong " July 6, 1943 435
Sturtevant " Apr. 27, 1942 74
Susan B. Anthony Transport July 13, 1944 530
Swerve Minesweeper July 29, 1944 533
Swordfish Submarine May 4, 1945 595
Tanager Minesweeper May 6, 1942 76
Tang Submarine Feb. 5, 1945 575
Tasker H. Bliss. Transport. Dec. 3, 1942 209
Tide Minesweeper July 13, 1944 530
Triton Submarine July 22, 1943 447
Trout " July 22, 1944 532
Truxton Destroyer Feb. 24, 1942 44
Tullibee Submarine July 22, 1944 532
Turner Destroyer Jan. 4, 1944 Press Release
Utah Target Ship Dec. 15, 1941 Press Release
Vincennes Heavy Cruiser Oct. 12, 1942 147
Vineyard Sound Lightship Sept‑ 18, 1944 Press Release
Wahoo Submarine Dec. 2, 1943 488  
Wake River Gunboat Dec. 8, 1941 Press Release (captured)
Walke Destroyer Nov. 16, 1942 194
Ward Destroyer Transport Dec. 22, 1944 561
Warrington Destroyer Sept. 17, 1944 Press Release
Wasmuth Minesweeper Sept. 1, 1943 Press Release
Wasp Aircraft Carrier Oct. 26, 1942 168
Wilcox Coast Guard Patrol Craft Oct. 6, 1943 473
YMS‑19 Motor Minesweeper Dec. 5, 1944 558
YMS‑21 " Sept. 23, 1944 546
YMS‑24 " Sept. 23, 1944 546
YMS‑30 " Mar. 31, 1944 515
YMS‑48 " Feb. 20, 1945 578
YMS‑70 Minesweeper Nov. 20, 1944 555
YMS‑71 " May 10, 1945 596
YMS‑103 Motor Minesweeper May 14, 1945 597
YMS‑304 Minesweeper Oct. 26, 1944 550
YMS‑350 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
YMS‑378 " Oct. 26, 1944 550
YMS‑481 " May 24, 1945 600
YMS‑385 " Dec. 5, 1944 558
YMS‑409 " Sept. 20, 1944 Press Release
Yorktown Aircraft Carrier Sept. 16, 1942 97, 1942
YP‑284 Small Harbor Patrol Oct. 27, 1942 171
YP‑389 Fishing Craft June 25, 1942 91
YT‑198 Harbor Tug Mar. 31, 1944 515

439

INDEX
A

  Page
Aaron Ward, (USS) 31
Abemama 87, 97, 98
Abner Read, (USS) 277
Abraham Harbor 8
Adak Island 27, 28, 68, 69
Adelup Point 191-194 197
Admiralty Group 05
Admiralty Islands 175, 299, 305, 306, 323
Agana Bay 198
Agana Town 175, 184, 186, 191, 195, 196
Agano (Japan) 387
Agat Town 186, 191
Agattu Island 68, 69
Agingan 168
Agingan Point 167
Aguada River 193
Aguijan Island 211, 212, 217, 307
Ailinginae Atoll 306
Ailinglapalap Atoll (Marshalls) 104, 105, 132, 306
Ailuk Atoll 135, 306
Ainsworth, Walden L., Rear Adm., USN 261
Aircraft, Fleet Marine Force 225, 376
Aitape 142, 307
Akarakoro Point 232
Alamagan Island 209, 212, 213
Alaska 307, 434
Alaskan Defense Command 42
Albacore (USS) 377
Alchiba (USS) 58
Aleutians 9, 23, 26, 28, 31, 41, 42, 69, 70, 103-110, 307, 364
Alexishafen 308
Allied Army in Europe 183
Alma College 144
Alu Island 10
AM-106 (USS) 130
Amami Group 423
Amami Islands 360, 361, 378, 384, 385, 389, 402, 407, 411, 419, 423, 427
Amami Gunto 376
Amantes Point 201
Amberjack (USS) 44
Amchitka 27, 28, 69
Amiangal Hill 232
Amoy 329
Amphibious Forces, Pacific Fleet, Commander of 42
Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific 303
Amphibious Reconnaissance Company, Fifth Amphibious Corps 303
Amsterdam Island 312
Anae Island 193, 194, 196, 197
Anao Point 203
Anatahan (Marianas) 230

i

  Page
Anderson, N. R., Air Vice Marshall 4
Andrea, James Paul, Lt. Comdr., USN 326
Andreanof Group 69
Andreanof Islands 27
Ane Jima 313
Angaur Island 133, 195, 217, 219, 221, 223-232, 234-242, 245, 246, 252, 267, 278, 299, 314, 315
Angeles Field 251, 291
Anglo-American-Canadian Attacks 163
Anglo-American statements See Joint statements
Ani Jima 202, 264
Ant Island 128, 138, 139, 140, 143
Anti-Submarine Operations 56, 59, 62, 83, 91, 149, 162, 183, 218, 265, 324. See also Joint Statements
Aparri 245, 246, 249, 251
Apamama 76, 88
Apamama Atoll 87
APC-21 (USS) 97
Apra Harbor 174, 176, 193, 196-198, 312
Araido Island 207, 220
Arakabesan 133, 195, 217, 228, 266, 268, 270, 280, 282, 283, 332, 339, 344, 345, 370, 401
Arakawa Town 395, 396
Arimasuku Island 242
Arkansas (USS) 348
Armed Guard (Navy) 10
Arno Atoll 132, 303
Arnold, General 386
Arumonogui Point 245
Asa River 412, 418, 426
Asan Point 191
Asato River 425, 426, 429, 430
Ashiya 423
Asias Town 225
Asiga Point 194
Aslito Airdrome 168, 169, 176
Aslito Airfield (Isely) 178, 310
Asor Island 211, 248
Atago (Japan) 255
Atago Class (Japan) 255
Atchugau 180
Atlantic-Mediterranean Theaters 415
Atlantic Fleet, US 62, 86, 268
Atlantic Fleet, Service Force 258
Atsugi Airfield 399, 425
Attu Island, Village 8-10, 12, 13, 18, 21, 22, 25, 27-29, 31, 33-36, 39-44, 46, 50, 57, 67-70, 80, 175
Aur Atoll 140, 307
Australia 175
Australian Area, Command 41
Australian Troops 308
Azores 91

ii

B

  Page
Babelthuap Island 133, 216, 219, 223, 228, 232, 235-241, 245, 252, 258, 260, 261, 263, 266, 267, 277, 279, 282-289, 291-296, 298, 299, 313, 314, 320-323, 326, 334, 336, 338-341, 343, 344, 346, 347, 353, 358, 366, 367, 370, 371, 375, 376
Bacolod 234
Baga Island 59
Bairakaseru Island 241, 315
Bairoko 54, 55, 60
Baka bomb 406, 410
Baker, W. D., Rear Adm., USN 303
Ballale Island 1-3, 6, 17, 21, 29, 31, 32, 35, 46, 48, 50, 51, 55, 56
Baltic bases 218
Bamban field 263
Bambara Harbor 56
Bangi Point 191
Banton Island 281
Barbel (USS) 373
Barbers Point, Oahu 80
Barbey, D. E., Rear Adm., USN 307
Barents Sea 134
Bataan 281
Batangas 278
Batangas Bay 252
Batangas field 263
Batchelder, M. J., Col. 368
Battle, Coral Sea 255, 364
Battle of Formosa 316
Battle of Guadalcanal 255
Battle of Leyte Gulf 276
Battle of Luzon 316
Battle of Midway 187, 255
Battle of Philippine Sea 231, 310
Battle of Philippine Sea, First 255, 338, 343
Battle of Philippine Sea, Second 255, 259, 260, 270, 275, 276, 287, 288, 300, 316, 343
Battle of Surigao Strait 276
Battle off Cape Engano 276
Battle off Samar 276
Battles, Sea, World War II 255
Bay of Biscay 218
Beal, Stetson C., Lt. (jg), USNR 30
Beatty (USS) 84
Beaufort Bay 22, 47
Bellinger, Patrick N. L., Vice Adm., USN 268
Betio Island 84-87, 90, 93
Biak Island 309, 311
Bigej Island 111 303
Bikar Atoll 306
Bikini Atoll 132, 306
Bismarck Area 304
Bismarck Archipelago 175, 305, 307

iii

  Page
Bismarck Sea (USS) 375
Blandy, W. H. P., Rear Adm., USN 223, 340, 382
Blind Cove 33
Block Island (USS) 161
Bloody Nose Ridge (Umurbrogol Hill) 235-237, 240-242
Bogan, G. F., Rear Adm., USN 246, 388
Bonin Islands 167, 173, 175, 180, 181, 190, 202, 207, 208, 211, 214, 217, 227, 230-232, 234, 237, 242, 248, 258'-266, 268, 269, 276, 277, 279-283, 289, 292, 294, 295, 298, 299, 310, 311, 313, 320, 321, 329, 331, 332, 336, 339, 340, 343-346, 353-368, 370-374, 376-379, 383, 390-392, 394, 396­398, 404, 405, 407-409, 418, 427, 429
Borie (USS) 82-83
Borneo 299
Bougainville Island 1, 2, 5, 19, 23, 31, 41, 42, 49, 86, 302, 305, 309
Bougainville Strait 20
Bradford, Gerard, Jr., Lt., USNR 37
Bristol (USS) 80
British Admiralty 65, 74, 110
British Aircraft 382, 388
British Air Squadron 184
British Amphibious Forces 62
British Carrier Aircraft 419
British Carrier Task Force 381
British Government 56
British Ministry of Information 74
British Pacific Fleet 293, 318, 379, 381, 382, 388, 389, 393, 395, 396, 398, 403, 404, 410, 412, 416, 421, 425, 429
British Pacific Fleet, Commander in Chief 293
British Pacific Fleet, Units 307
British Task Force 379
Brodeur, V. G., Rear Adm., RCN 4
Brownson (USS) 100
Bruce, Andrew D., Maj. Gen., USA 199, 382, 403
Buayan Airfield 218
Buck (USS) 80
Buckner, Simon B., Lt. Gen., USA 42, 381
Buka Island 5, 45, 50, 56
Buin 1, 9, 20, 32, 42, 44, 45, 48-51
Bukhti Point 72
Bulan 252
Burgenland (Germany) 110, 111
Burhanna, Howard, Jr., Capt., USAAF 16
Burns (USS) 113, 302
Burton, Norman G., Col., USMC 126
Burton, Paul W., Lt. Comdr., USN 126
Burza (Poland) 5
Bush (USS) 400
Bush, A. B. Private 1c 369
Busuanga Island 233
Butler, William O., Maj. Gen., USA 42

iv

C

  Page
Cabras Island 191
Cagayan Airfield 218
Calatagan 290
Calhoun, William L., Vice Adm., USN 287, 364
California (USS) 257, 274
Calpe (HMS) 109, 110
Camiguin Island 249
Campbell (USCG) 5
Camranh 327
Camranh Bay 326, 329
Canadian, Anglo-American 163
Canadian Department of National Defense 65, 74
Canadian Forces 70
Canadian Pilots 21, 42
Canadians 41
Canadian Troops 67, 72
Canton (China) 330, 331
Canton Island 8, 60
Cape Alexander 20
Cape Bolinao 290
Cape Engano 256, 276, 300
Cape Esperance 47
Cape Hoskins 306
Cape Gloucester 100
Cape Khlebnikof 39, 44, 46
Capelin (USS) 125
Cape May (New Jersey) 101
Cape Opmari 312
Cape St. Jacques 329
Cape Sansapor 313
Cape Surville 36
Carey, Harold C., Lt. (jg), USN 57
Carlson, Evans F., Lt. Col., USMCR 433
Caroline Islands 116, 119, 120, 121, 123, 125, 130, 133, 168, 173-176, 178, 189, 193, 195, 199, 207, 209, 211-214, 217, 223, 233, 250, 270, 280, 283, 292, 294, 295, 300, 306, 308, 312-314, 320, 321, 327, 328, 330-332, 335, 336, 338-342, 344, 346, 348, 353, 354, 356-358, 360, 362, 363, 365, 366, 370-374, 376, 377, 383, 385, 388, 391, 392, 394, 398-402, 404, 406-408, 410, 416, 420, 422, 424
Casablanca Class (USS) 375
Casale, Thomas J., Private First Class 369
Cates, Clifton B., Maj. Gen., USMC 348, 368
Cat Lai 327, 329
Cavite 257
Cavite Naval Base 228, 230
Cavite Navy Yard 267
Cebu Airfield 251
Cebu Harbor 252
Cebu Island 220, 233, 234, 251, 258, 314, 315, 328
Celebes 299

v

  Page
Chaney, James E., Maj. Gen. 368, 383
Charan Danshii 178
Charan Kanoa 165, 167 168
Charan Tabute 179
Charts 440-447
Chevalier (USS) 82-83
Chichagof Corridor 37-38
Chichagof Harbor 22, 25, 27, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39
Chichagof Valley 35, 37, 38, 39, 43
Chichi Jima 167, 181-183, 190, 191, 202, 207, 208, 210, 214, 215, 217, 227, 230-232, 234, 237, 242, 261-263, 265, 268, 269, 276, 278-282, 289, 295, 298, 310, 313, 322, 331, 332, 339, 340, 344, 346, 353-368, 370-378, 383, 391, 392, 394, 396, 398, 404, 405, 408, 413, 418, 420, 427, 429
Chichi Jima Harbor 237, 259
China 271, 310, 330, 335, 337
China, Army Air forces in 336
China-based B-29's 310
China Coast 329, 332
China Sea 316, 408, 429, 430
China Sea, East 387, 408, 429, 430
China Sea, South 316
Chiran 381, 423
Chitose Class (Japan) 256
Chiyunna 384
Chocolate Drop Hill 423
Choiseul Bay 302
Choiseul Island 13, 20, 43, 46
Choshu 333
Chuda 383
Churchill, Prime Minister, Great Britain. See Joint Anglo-American Statements
Cisco (USS) 112
Clark Airfield 251
Clark Airstrip 268
Clark Field 228-230, 250, 262-264, 278, 291
Clark, J. J., Rear Adm., USN 387, 388
Clay, James P., Capt., USN 110
Colhoun (USS) 400
Columbian, SS (United States) 10, 11
Comfort (USS) 406
Conference, Anti U-Boat 4
Conical Hill 421, 423-426, 429, 430
Conolly, Richard L., Rear Adm., USN 63, 190
Cooper (USS) 296
Corlett, Charles H., Maj. Gen., USA 108
Cornell, W. Gordon, Lt., USNR 65
Coron Bay 233, 234, 252
Corry (USS) 186
Corvina (USS) 124
Cramer, Myron C., Maj. Gen., USA 342
Cramp, W. and Sons 11
Culion Island 233
Cunningham, Andrew Browne, Adm. Sir Bart, GCB, DSO, RN 62

vi

  Page
Curry, Ralph R., Comdr., USCG 202
Cushing, J. E., Mr. 4
Cuttyhunk Island 224
D
Dagami, town of 251
Daito Island 384
Dakeshi 419, 420, 426
Dakeshi Town 427
Dakeshi Village 413
Darter (USS) 266
Davao 309
Davao Airfield 218
Davao Gulf 218, 314
Davis, Howland S., Lt., USNR 57
Davis, Leland L., Machinist, USN 23
Davison, R. E., Rear Adm., USN 246
Del Carmen Field 278
Del Monte 281
Del Monte Airfield 218
Denges Passage 267
DeWitt, John L., Lt. Gen., USA 42
Deyo, M. L., Rear Adm., USN 382
Dickerson (USS) 400
Donnay 175
Doolittle, James H., Maj. Gen. 318
Dorado (USS) 81
Douglas, R. W., Brig. Gen., USA 137
Draper, William D., Lt. (jg), USCGR 200-201
Dryden, John Edwin, Jr., Lt. (jg), USNR 29-30
Dublon Island 124, 130-133, 135, 136, 138-140, 143, 145, 160, 164, 183, 187, 201, 208, 210, 223, 236.
Dublon Naval Base 186, 190, 201
Dublon Town 136, 139
Dulag Airfield 251
Durgin, C. T., Rear Adm., USN 382
Durston, A., Air Vice Marshall, C. B., A. F. C., Royal Canadian Navy 4
Dutch East Indies 175
Dutch Harbor 67, 68
Dutch New Guinea 311
E
East China Sea 387, 408, 429, 430
East Indies 299
Eastern Theater of Operation 415
Ebeye Island 90, 111, 303
Ebler Island 111
Ebon Atoll 94, 132, 306
Edwards, Richard S., Vice Adm., USN 268
Eighteenth (18th) Army (Japanese) 307

vii

  Page
Eighty-first (81st) Infantry Division 223-229, 231, 232, 234, 237, 240-242, 248, 276, 293, 314, 315, 318
Eiko 333
Einansho 243
Eisenhower, General 62
Eleventh (11th) Army Air Force 125, 128, 136-138, 143, 152, 154, 157, 158, 160, 161, 168, 170, 175, 176, 206-208, 212, 213, 215, 219, 220, 222, 223, 226, 228, 233, 235-238, 246, 247, 254, 260, 261, 263-265, 277, 284, 287, 295, 299, 326, 328, 332, 333, 335, 340, 341, 353, 366, 367, 371, 372, 374, 378, 381, 393, 399, 409, 419, 420, 425, 428
Elihu Thompson, SS (United States) 236
Eller, Donald T., Lt. Comdr., USN 113
Eller Island 303
Ellice Islands 20, 60, 61, 75, 84, 85, 108
Emeiji Island 99
Emirau Island 305, 306
Emmons (USS) 400
Empress Augusta Bay 302
Engebi Island 116, 304
Eniwetok Atoll 105, 106, 108, 111, 114-118, 122, 131, 132, 137, 175, 303, 304, 308, 310, 319
Eniwetok Island 117
Erikub Atolls 140, 307
Erskine, Graves B., Maj. Gen., USMC 351, 368
Escanaba (USCG) 47
Escolar (USS) 358
Escort Carrier "B" (USS) 59, 73
Espiritu Santo 36
Eten Island 124, 129, 130, 132, 140, 141, 143, 145, 160, 164, 187, 208, 233, 236, 248
Europe 184, 186
Europe, Allied Army 183, 205
European War 324
Eversole (USS) 277
Excambion-ex: SS (United States) 77
Extractor (USS) 359
F
Fadian Point 199
Faibus San Hilo Point 193, 194
Fais 312, 322
Faisi 9, 10
Fangelawa Bay 309
Far Eastern Air Force 328
Fassaran Island 248
Fast Carrier Task Force 178, 184, 189, 202, 222, 243, 246, 251, 358, 373, 382, 387, 388, 394
Fauro Island 29
Fechteler (USS) 174
Fechteler, W. M., Rear Adm., USN 305

viii

  Page
Fefan island 130, 136, 138, 139
Fifth (5th) Amphibious Corps 303, 348, 351, 354, 368, 370
Fifth (5th) Division 358
Fifth (5th) Fleet 169, 170, 172, 190, 231, 307, 308, 310, 345, 346, 348, 349, 356, 358, 373, 374, 376, 381
Fifth (5th) Marine Division 348, 351, 354-357, 360-363, 366-368, 370
Fifty-eighth (58th) Task Force 348
Fiji, Governor of, British High Commissioner, Western Pacific 93
Finegayan 200, 201
First (1st) Battle, Philippine Sea 255, 338, 343
First (1st) Bomber Command 83
First (1st) Marine Air Wing 376
First (1st) Marine Division 392, 409-411, 413, 419, 420, 423, 425-430
First (1st) Provisional Marine Brigade 191, 192, 197, 205, 312
First (1st) Regiment, U. S. Volunteer Cavalry 144
Fish-Hook Ridge 38, 39
Fiske (USS) 206
Flag. Iegusugu Peak 401
Flag, Ie Shima 403
Flag, raised, Guam 196
Flag, raised Iwo Island 367
Flag, raised, Iwo Jima 368, 369
Flag, raised, Mount Suribachi 353
Flag, raised, Tinian 200, 313
Flag, Texas 403
Flag, U. S. 196, 200, 313, 353, 367-369, 401, 403
Fleet Air Wing One (1) 240, 242, 246, 259, 261, 263, 266-269, 276-278, 284, 288, 289, 292, 295, 333, 342, 344, 346, 349, 356, 363, 372, 373, 376, 377, 379, 387, 388, 391, 394, 395, 397-402, 404-413, 415, 418-421, 423, 424, 426-431
Fleet Air Wing Two (2) 89, 91, 92, 94-96, 98, 99, 102-104, 107, 108, 111-116, 118-130, 132-145, 147-157, 159, 160, 162-164, 170, 173, 186, 187, 190, 194, 195, 197, 198, 204-206, 208, 210, 211, 213, 214, 221, 223, 224, 233, 238, 258, 262-264, 267, 270, 278, 279, 281-292, 294, 295, 297, 300, 307, 320, 321, 325, 330, 332, 335, 340, 341, 353, 354, 356, 360-362, 364, 365, 368, 370, 374, 375, 377-379, 384, 390, 394, 398, 405, 410, 419, 420, 422-424, 428, 430
Fleet Air Wing Two-Group One 165, 166, 171, 176, 179, 182, 184, 188-190, 198, 201, 203, 205, 207-212, 214, 216, 235
Fleet Air Wing Four (4) 117, 120, 121, 125, 136, 137, 143, 145, 147, 148, 152, 154-157, 159-161, 168, 170, 173, 176, 179, 185, 193, 204, 206, 207, 210-213, 216, 219, 220, 222, 223, 226, 228, 233, 237, 246, 254, 263, 265, 335, 339, 341, 372, 374, 378, 393, 398, 408, 409, 420, 424, 428
Fleet Air Wing Eighteen (18) 413, 416, 417, 419, 422, 424, 427, 429, 430
Fleet Marine Force 199, 225, 348, 368, 369, 372, 376
Flier (USS) 226
Force "A" (Japan) 316
Force "B" (Japan) 317
Force "G" (Japan) 317
Florida Island 49

ix

  Page
Formosa 171, 243-249, 252, 253, 259, 271, 272, 299, 315, 320-322, 324, 325, 327­330, 332-335, 337, 343, 393, 395, 396
Formosa Battle 316
Forrestal, James, Acting Secretary of the Navy 144
Forrestal, James, Secretary of the Navy 153, 161, 172, 276, 342, 392
Fort, George H., Rear Adm., USN 222
Fort Glenn 67, 68
Fort Mears 67, 68
Forward Area, Central Pacific 137
Forward Area, Central Pacific Commander 307
Fourth (4th) Fleet 268
Fourth (4th) Marine Air Wing 125-129, 131-143, 145-157, 159, 160, 162-164, 166, 170, 171, 173, 175, 179, 180, 182-190, 194, 195, 197, 198, 200-214, 216, 217, 219-224, 227­233, 235-238, 242, 246, 250-252, 254, 258, 262-264, 266, 267, 270, 277-284, 286-292, 294-298, 320, 321, 323, 325-332, 335, 336, 338­347, 353, 354, 356-368, 370, 377, 379-381, 383-385, 387, 388, 390­392, 394-396, 398-402, 404, 405, 407, 408, 410-413, 416-425, 427­431
Fourth (4th) Marine Division 108, 179, 180, 192, 193, 198, 199, 222, 224, 226-229, 231, 232, 234, 237, 241, 242, 246, 303, 305, 310, 312, 314, 315, 348, 351, 354-358, 361-363, 365-368, 370, 409-411, 413, 419, 420, 423, 425-430
Fourth (4th) Marine Regiment 430
Fourth (4th) Tank Battalion 304
France, Allied Operations 218
France, northern operations 253
Fraser, Bruce, Adm. Sir, G.C.B., K.B.E., RN 293, 318, 379
Frederick C. Davis (USS) 424
Freeman, James S., Capt., USN 58
French Destroyer Escort, a 202
French Indo-China 326, 327, 329, 337
Funafuti 20, 60, 61, 75, 84, 85
Fusan Harbor (Korea) 412
Fuso (Japan) 273
Futami Harbor 227
Futami go, Chichi Jima 322
G
Gaja Hill 409
Gaja Island 394, 427
Gambier Bay, (USS) 270, 316
Gamilangel Bay 241, 245
Gamilangel Village 239
Gannosu 423
Ganongga Island 59, 60
Garakayo Island 240, 241, 315
Garapan Town 165, 168-170, 174-176, 179, 180, 187
Garekoru Village 229
Garrett, Floyd Bruce Jr., Lt. Comdr., USN 326
Gasmata 305, 306
Gatch, Thomas L., Rear Adm., USN 153, 342

x

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Gatere 23
"G" Company, 383rd Regiment 425
Geiger, Roy S., Maj. Gen., USMC 190, 196, 222, 381
George E. Badger, (USS) 73
Germany, surrender of 414
German blockade runners 110
German submarines See U-Boat
Gertrude Cove 25, 28, 39, 40, 54, 57, 58, 60, 62, 64, 70-72
Ghormley, Vice, Adm. USN 433
Gilbert Islands, Gilberts 19, 22, 48, 75, 76, 81, 84-90, 93, 105, 108, 178, 290, 298
Gilmore, Howard W., Comdr., USN 27
Giran 328, 833
Gizo Island 29
Gjit Island 115
Glennon, (USS) 186
Glynn, John E., Private 1c 368
Golet, (USS) 252
Golon 267
Grady, (USS) 192
Grampus, (USS) 44
Grayback, (USS) 169
Grayling, (USS) 95
Great Britain Prime Minister See Prime Minister
Green Island 303
Grenadier, (USS) 75
Grew, Joseph C. 414
Gross, C. P., Maj. Gen., USA 4
Growler, (USS) 337
Guadalcanal, Battle of 255
Guadalcanal Island 1-3, 7, 9, 11-14, 17, 18, 21, 22, 25, 31, 32, 34-36, 45-47, 58, 60, 75-78, 82, 434
Guam 118, 144, 148, 159, 162, 164, 165, 167-169, 174-176, 182, 184-206, 210, 278, 299, 304, 309, 311-313, 319, 330, 344, 353, 359, 367, 375, 384, 399, 405
Gudgeon, (USS) 219
Gugegwe Island 111, 303
Gurguan Point 196
Gwin, (USS) 59
H
Hachijo Island 357 377
Hagushi beaches 392, 418
Haha Jima 167, 180-183, 190, 202, 214, 215, 231, 242, 248, 259, 261-266, 269, 276, 278-284, 289, 310, 311, 313, 321, 322, 329, 331, 339, 340, 343-346, 353, 355, 360, 361, 363, 364, 366, 372, 378, 379, 383, 391, 392, 394, 396
Haha Jima Harbor 258, 322
Haines, John M., Comdr., USN 433

xi

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Hale, Willis, Maj. Gen. 28, 108, 137
Hall Island 141-143, 151, 176
Hall, John L., Rear Adm., USN 63, 117
Halligan, (USS) 400
Halmahera 299, 314
Halsey, William F., Jr., Adm., USN 73, 82, 169, 221, 230, 241, 246, 250, 272, 274, 275, 287, 288, 306, 310, 319, 335, 434
Haputo Point 202, 203
Harbor of Naha 245
Harbor of Quinhon 327
Harder (USS) 320
Harmon, Millard F., Lt. Gen., USA 214, 287, 313, 318, 335, 348
Hartley, Henry, Capt., USN 269
Haruna (Japan) 255, 273
Hashigoru 175
Hawaiian Island Chain 432
Hayake Kawa 374
Hayake River 393
Hayataka (Japan) 171
Hayward, John T., Comdr., USN 79
Heanza Island 403
Heel Point 153, 159
Heito 243, 247, 328, 330
Helena (USS) 55
Henderson Field 47
Henley, (USS) 82
Hermana Mayor Island 281
Herring, (USS) 252
Hewitt, Henry K., Vice Adm., USN 62, 63, 110
Hickam Field, T. H. 28
Higashi Harbor, Haha Jima 322
Hill, Harry W., Rear Adm., USN 115, 192, 368
Hill 178 401, 404, 412
Hinashisu 168
Hinatuan Bay 218
Hirara Town 413, 421
Hitoyoshi 423
Hobbs Victory, (USS) 401
Hodge, John R., Maj. Gen., USA 381
Hoel, (USS) 270, 316
Hogaboom, Robert E., Col., USMC 368
Hollandia 142, 178, 307, 308
Hollandia Area 146, 307
Hollandia landings 150
Hollandia-Humboldt Bay 141, 146
Holtz Bay (Attu) 10, 22, 25, 33, 34, 57, 69
Holtz Bay Pass 38
Homann, Alfred J., Comdr., USN 72, 73
Hongkong 329-331
Honshu 374, 407-410, 413, 416, 419, 422, 424, 427, 429, 430
Hoover, John H., Rear Adm., USN 108, 137, 307, 326

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Hornet (USS) 116, 257, 318
Hospital Ship, Attack on 406
Hovey, (USS) 337
Hull, (USS) 325, 326
Humboldt Bay 307
Hyuga (Japan) 273
I
Iba 290
Ibusuki 381
Icarus, (USCG) 24
Idaho, (USS) 348
Ie Shima 375, 396-401, 403, 430
Iegusugu Peak 397-401
Igup Island 141
Illustrious, (HMS) 379
Iloilo 234
Imieji Island 85, 87, 92, 94, 103-105, 107
Inagsa Point 180, 182
Indefatigable (HMS) 410
India-China Theater 318, 327, 335
Indian Ocean 134, 204, 307
Indies, East 299, 300
Indo-China, French 326, 327, 329, 337
Indomitable, (HMS) 410
Ingersoll, Royal E., Adm., USN 62, 86, 142, 161, 268
Ingram, Jonas H., Adm., USN 268
Ingram, Jonas [H.], Vice Adm., USN 110
Ishigaki 395
Inland Sea 372, 373, 374, 387
Inspector General Pacific Fleet 379
Ise Class (Japan) 256, 273
Ise Bay 402
Isely Field 178, 183, 195, 260, 310
Isely, Robert Henry, Comdr., USN 178
Ishigaki Island 324, 325, 382, 388, 396, 403, 416, 424, 430
Ishikawa Isthmus 383-388, 390-393
Ishimmi 423, 425, 430
Ishimmi Town 425, 426, 427
Ishin Village 403
Island Commander, Iwo Island 383
Itarashiku Town 429
Iwo Airfield 351
Iwo Island 348-375, 377, 382, 38'3, 397, 398, 402, 404, 408, 411, 418, 428, 429
Iwo Jima 167, 173, 174, 180, 188, 190, 202, 206, 207, 208, 211-217, 219-224, 226, 228, 231, 233-240, 242, 246, 247, 252, 254, 258, 260-262, 264 269, 276, 282-284, 286-292, 294-299, 310, 313, 317, 318, 320-323, 325-327, 329, 331-336, 338-341, 343-346, 368, 369, 372, 386
Izumi 423

xiii

J
  Page
Jabor Island 85, 98
Jaluit 85, 87, 91, 92, 94, 96-99, 102-105, 107, 108, 111, 113, 152, 182, 184, 185, 197, 205, 212-214, 219, 220, 222, 226, 229-233, 235-238, 250, 254, 270, 308, 418
Japan 175, 299, 310, 312, 318, 397, 410
Japanese Commander in Chief, Central Pacific Headquarters 209
Japanese Eighteenth Army 307
Japanese midget submarines 72
Japanese Ship Losses, Summaries 338, 422
Jarman, Sanderford, Maj. Gen., USA 190
Java 299, 308
Jemo Island 306
Jester, Maurice D., Lt., USCG 24
John Penn, (USS) 77
Johnston, (USS) 270, 316
Joint Anglo-American Statement, Sub Activities 56, 65, 74, 79, 91, 99, 113, 122, 134, 149, 162, 183, 204, 218, 239, 265, 288, 324, 341, 364, 389
Joint Chiefs of Staff, directive 385, 386
Jokaj Island 194
Jouett, (USS) 57, 110, 111
Judge Advocate General, Navy 153, 342
K
K-74, (USS) 64
Kadena 382, 383, 401, 424
Kagman Peninsula 174
Kagoshima 374, 381, 423
Kahili 1-3, 5-7, 9, 10, 13, 15, 17-23, 29, 31, 32, 35, 42, 45, 48-51, 56
Kaiser Shipyards, Vancouver, Washington 375
Kakzu Town 404
Kama 367
Kamikaze Corps 394
Kamiri 311
Kamiyama 385
Kamoi 330
Kanawha, (USS) 31
Kangoku Rock 354, 367
Kaniku 389
Kanoya Airfield 410
Kanoya 374, 381, 397, 423
Kapingamarangi Atoll 306
Kapingamarangi Island 89
Karenko 328
Kashii (Japan) 329
Kashiwabara 419, 420
Kataoka 340, 341, 366, 378, 381, 393, 399, 409, 419, 420, 428
Kataoka Wan 333

xiv

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Katchin Peninsula 383, 403
Katori Class (Japan) 327, 329
Katsurin Bay 384
Kauffman, James L., Rear Adm., USN 261
Kaven Island 104
Kavieng 299, 301, 302, 304-306
Keelung 222, 328, 333
Keilii Point, Maui 92
Kerama 387
Kerama Group 382, 395
Kerama-Retto 375
Ketoi Island 154, 161
Keufu 395
Keyes, James Ellsworth, Comdr., USN 98
Key Kamiri 311
Khlebnikof 39, 46
Kieta 1, 19, 23, 49
Kiirun Airfield 393
Kikai 378, 384, 393, 397, 406, 408, 411, 423, 427
Kikuchi 423
Kiland, I. N., Rear Adm., USN 382
Kili 132, 306
Kimmel, Husband E., Adm., USN 364
Kin Town 386
Kinbaru River 388
King, Ernest J., Adm., USN 4, 73, 85, 109
King, Ernest J., Fleet Adm., USN 276, 342
King George V, (HMS) 379
Kinkaid, Thomas C., Rear Adm., USN 41, 42
Kinkaid, Thomas C., Vice Adm., USN 275
Kirk, Alan G., Rear Adm., USN 63, 117
Kirkwood, H., Lt. Comdr., R.N. 110
Kiska 1-3, 5-10, 12, 13, 15-19, 21, 22, 24-29, 31, 32, 35-44, 46, 48, 50-52, 54, 56-62, 64, 67-72, 175, 364, 433, 434
Kiso Class (Japan) 256
Kita Iwo Jima 259, 266, 277
Kitamura Town 378
Kitano Point 370
Kizarazu Airfield 416
Knox, William Franklin, Secretary of the Navy 143, 144, 154
Kobe Kure 372
Kobi 328
Kochi 407, 423
Koizumi 357
Kokubu 423
Kokutan 409, 424, 428
Kokutan Zaki 341
Koli Point 47
Kolombangara Island 1-3, 5, 11, 15, 16, 20, 21, 23, 26, 30, 31, 36, 44, 46, 48, 50-54, 56, 59
Komandoraki Island 25

xv

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Komeball Lagoon 238
Kongauru Island 234, 235, 239, 315
Kongo, Kongo Class (Japan) 171, 255, 273
Korea 409, 412, 413, 415, 418-421, 423, 426, 427, 429, 431
Korean Coast 195, 217, 219, 229, 237, 260, 262, 263, 266-268, 277, 314, 327, 339, 345, 375, 401
Koshum 33
Kouri Island 403
Kozu Island 408
Kuba Town 384, 385
Kuchino Island 408
Kuhazu 408, 409
Kula Gulf 54, 55, 59
Kumano Class (Japan) 280
Kuputsua 333
Kurabu Zaki 176, 263, 311, 328, 332, 339, 353, 367
Kurile Islands, Kuriles 60, 117, 120, 125, 128, 136-138, 143, 145, 147, 148, 152, 154-161, 166, 170, 173, 175-177, 179, 185, 193, 204, 206, 210-213, 215, 216, 219, 220, 223, 226, 228, 233, 236, 237, 246, 254, 260, 263-265, 277, 279, 284, 287, 295, 299, 300, 303, 309, 311, 318, 323, 326, 328, 332, >333, 335, 339-341, 353, 366, 367, 370-372, 374, 378, 381, 393, 398, 399, 408, 419, 420, 424, 425, 428
Kuro Island 408
Kusaie Island 102, 116-121, 123-125, 127, 129, 137, 151, 156, 175, 364
Kushibaru Town 390
Kushira 381, 397, 398
Kume 360, 361, 403, 407, 409, 423
Kwajalein 90, 94-97, 99, 101, 103-109, 111-113, 115, 132, 151, 175, 178, 303, 308
Kyushu 310, 371, 373, 374, 380, 387, 388, 397, 398, 404-410, 419, 423, 427
L
Labeti Plantation 50
Lae 132
Lae Atoll 305
Lagaspi Field 263
Lake Canirca 38
Lake Cories 37-39
Lake Nicholas 35
Lake Susupe 168, 169
Lalo Point 198
Lamar, H. A., Comdr., USNR 319, 323
Lambeti Plantation 53
Lamotte Picquet (French) 329, 331
Landon, Truman H., Brig. Gen. 28, 29
Landrum, Eugene M., Maj. Gen., USA 42
Langar Island 162
Lansdale, (USS) 149

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Laoag 249, 251, 278
Larson, W. T., Brig. Gen., AAF 4, 83
Laulau 171
Lauru Island 162
Lawton, C. B., Maj., USMC 123
LCI-82, (USS) 400
LCI-459, (USS) 226
LCI-1065, (USS) 277
LCI (G) 82, (USS) 400
LCI (G) 459, (USS) 285
LCI (G) 474, (USS) 386
LCI (G) 974, (USS) 383
LCI (L) 85, (USS) 253
LCI (L) 91, (USS) 253
LCI (L) 92, (USS) 253
LCI (L) 93, (USS) 253
LCI (L) 219, (USS) 253
LCI (L) 232, (USS) 253
LCI (L) 600, (USS) 359
LCS-33, (USS) 400
LCS (L) (8) 7, (USS) 378
LCS (L) 26, (USS) 417
LCS (L) (3) 33, (USS) 400
LCS (L) (8) 49, (USS) 391
LCT-876, (USS) 400
LCT (6) 876, (USS) 400
Leary, (USS) 97, 98
Lee, Willis A., Vice Adm., USN 146, 246
Legaspi 234, 251
Legaspi airstrip 268
Legion of Merit 202
Lemotrek Island 223
Leopold, (USS) 126
Leverton, Joseph, Lt. Comdr. 72
Lexington, (USS) 257
Leyte 220, 233, 234, 251, 266, 272-275, 294, 296, 300, 314-316, 319, 323, 343
Leyte Gulf, Battle of 276
Leyte Gulf 254, 273, 275
Leyte, landings on 316
Lib 132, 305
Liguan 203
Likiep Atoll 102, 135, 306
Lingayen 290, 375
Lingayen Gulf 251
Lipa field 263
Liscome Bay, (USS) 88, 150
Little Kiska 52, 57, 62, 70, 71
Lockwood, Charles A., Jr., Vice Adm., USN 335
Logan Victory, (USS) 401
Loi Island 111, 303
Long, (USS) 344
Lorengao Airbase 305

xvii

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Los Negros 305
Losses, Ships U. S. Navy, Summary 417, 435-139
Low, Francis S., Rear Adm., USN 85
LSM-20, (USS) 296
LSM-318, (USS) 320
LST-282, (USS) 229
LST-314, (USS) 253
LST-359, (USS) 333
LST-376, (USS) 253
LST-460, (USS) 325
LST-472, (USS) 325
LST-477, (USS) 400, 402
LST-496, (USS) 253
LST-499, (USS) 253
LST-523, (USS) 253
LST-577, (USS) 378
LST-738, (USS) 325
LST-749, (USS) 337
LST-750, (USS) 325
LST-759, (USS) 337
LST-921, (USS) 253
Lubang field 263
Lubang Island 281
Lucena 278
Lumuna Point 201, 203
Lunga Point 21, 75
Luzon 170, 171, 228, 230, 233, 234, 242, 244-247, 249-251, 253, 256, 257, 262, 263, 267, 271-274, 280, 281, 289, 290-293, 299, 314-319, 323, 324, 328, 332, 375
Luzon, Battle of 316
M
Mabalacat Airfield 251, 263
MacArthur, Douglas, Gen., USA 77, 143, 178, 259, 260, 266, 270-272, 275, 302, 303, 305-307, 309, 311, 312, 314, 316, 319, 323, 386
Macaw (USS) 126
Machinato Airfield 399, 405-407, 420, 423
Mactan Island 233, 234
Madang 307, 308
Maddox, (USS) 67
Magicienne Bay 169-171, 173
Mahan, (USS) 294
Malts 199
Majuro Atoll 132, 136, 175, 303
Makin Island 76, 80, 85, 87-90, 93, 95, 98, 102, 300
Makin Island, landing on 433
Mako Island 333
Malaita Island 44, 45
Malakal 133, 195, 231, 368

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Maloelap 86, 91, 94, 96, 101, 104-108, 112, 164, 165, 171, 179, 183, 185, 205-208, 210, 212, 216, 220, 231, 235, 237, 294, 303, 308
Malvar 264, 278
Manchuria 299
Mangejang Island 248
Maniagassa Island 186, 312
Manila 228, 250, 251, 257, 262, 277, 278, 281, 291, 300, 318
Manila Airstrip 268
Manila Bay 228, 247, 250, 267, 269, 272, 278, 316, 318
Manila Harbor 230, 257, 262, 264, 277, 290, 317
Manna River 390
Mannert L. Abele, (USS) 400
Manokwari 313
Manus Island 305, 323
Marcus Island 74, 150, 156, 210, 216, 217, 221, 222, 224, 226, 227, 229, 230, 232, 233, 237-240, 242, 246, 262-265, 268, 271, 280, 282, 296, 289, 294, 309, 315, 321, 332, 336, 344, 346, 353, 356, 376, 377, 381, 384, 398, 442, 404, 409-411, 416, 418, 420, 421, 427
Mariana Group 167
Mariana Islands, Marianas 118, 150, 157, 164, 165, 170, 173, 174, 176, 182, 185, 187, 189, 194, 207­214, 217, 220, 224, 227-230, 232, 233, 235, 240, 242, 248, 262, 267, 268, 270, 277-290, 292-296, 298, 300, 304, 305, 307, 309, 310, 312, 320, 321, 330, 331, 339-341, 343, 344, 353-355, 357, 359, 361, 363, 366, 367, 369, 375, 384, 399, 404, 411, 418, 428, 429
Mariaon Island 134
Marinduque Island 28, 281
Marine Air Force 123, 225. See also Marine Aircraft Wings
Marine Corps Casualties (Summary) 415
Marines of Victor Mike Baker 61 336
Marine Third Amphibious Corps See Third Amphibious Corps
Mariveles Airfield 247
Mariveles Harbor 250
Marks, James Alexander, Lt. Comdr., USN 326
Marpi Point 182, 183
Marshalls-Gilberts Area 418
Marshall Islands, Marshalls 85-91, 93, 96, 98, 99, 101-108, 113-143, 145-147, 149-154, 156, 157, 159, 162-166, 168, 170, 173-180, 182, 185-190, 194, 195, 197-201, 203­214, 216, 217, 219, 220, 222, 226-229, 231, 233, 235, 236, 239-242, 245, 246, 250-252, 254, 258, 260, 262-264, 266, 267, 270, 277-284, 286-292, 294, 295, 297, 299, 300, 302, 303, 305-309, 320, 321, 323, 325-327, 330-332, 335, 340, 341, 353, 354, 356, 360-362, 366, 368, 372-375, 377-379, 381, 384, 385, 388, 390, 394, 398, 403, 405, 408, 410, 411, 413, 418, 419, 422, 425, 427-430
Marshall Wharves 135
Maryland, (USS) 257, 274
Masalog Point 194, 196, 197
Masbate Harbor 252
Massacre Bay 33, 34, 35, 80
Masu Town 393

xix

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Matina 218
Matsuwa 125, 136-138, 143, 157, 158, 166, 168, 246, 254, 265, 279, 309, 318, 332, 370, 372
Matsuyama 333, 395, 396, 423
Maug Island 208, 215, 366
Maui 92
McCain, John S., Vice Adm., USN 246, 277
McCawley, (USS) 53
McIlwaine, Robert H., Lt. (jg), USNR 48
McKean, (USS) 86
McMorris, C. H., Vice Adm., USN 340
Medina 309
Mediterranean 229
Mediterranean Area 320
Mediterranean Theatre 415
Mel Jima 344
Mejit Atoll 306
Mejit Island 135
Meredith, (USS) 186
Merir Island 321, 332
Mesegon Island 140
Miantonomah, (USS) 253
Middleburg Island 312
Middle Village 226
Midway 431, 432
Midway, Battle of 12, 255, 364
Miyako 382, 388, 395, 396, 403, 408, 413, 416, 421, 424, 430, 431
Miyako Jima 324, 325
Military Government, Angaur Island 236, 239, 315
Military Government, Kongauru 239 315
Military Government, Ngesebus Island 239, 315
Military Government, Okinawa 386, 389
Military Government, Peleliu 239, 314
Military Government, Ujelang Atoll 142
Military Governor, Volcano Islands 368, 369
Mille 85, 86, 89, 91, 94, 95-102, 104, 106-108, 111, 112, 126, 155, 162-164, 171, 184, 188, 197, 206-214, 216, 217, 219-222, 231-233, 235, 270, 305, 308, 309
Minami 360, 361, 384
Minami Cape 393, 408, 420, 428
Minami Daito 375, 380, 419
Minami Saki 353
Mindanao Island 218, 272, 299, 313
Mindanao Sea 256, 273
Mindiri 305
Mindoro 253, 257, 281, 319
Mindoro Strait 252, 272, 316
Mississinewa, (USS) 293
Mitchell, Sir Philip 93
Mitscher, Marc. A., Rear Adm., USN 108, 116, 118, 304

xx

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Mitscher, Marc. A., Vice Adm., USN 133, 146, 171, 178, 222, 241, 246, 271, 285, 287, 288, 304, 307, 308, 314, 327, 345, 348, 356, 358, 373, 382, 387, 394
Miyakonojo (Kyushu) 423
Miyazaki 374
Moa, (HMNZS) 31
Moen Island 129, 130, 133, 135, 136, 138-140, 143, 145, 149, 152, 162, 164, 170, 182, 185, 187, 207, 208, 210, 223, 228, 236, 239, 242, 247, 409
Moen Airfield 217
Moffet,(USS) 57
Mogami Class (Japan) 255-257
Mogmog Island 248
Momote Airstrip 305
Momubaru Town 395, 396
Monaghan, (USS) 325, 326
Montgomery, A. E., Rear Adm., USN 79, 156
Moore, Ernest M., Brig. Gen., USA 383
Moore, Henry R., Vice Adm. Sir, KCB, CVO, DSO 4
Moore, James T., Maj. Gen., USMC 376
Morotai 271
Motobu Peninsula 389-393, 395-403
Motor Torpedo Boat 323, (USS) 325
Motoyama 358
Mount Alifan 191
Mount Alutam 196
Mount Barrigada 201
Mount Chachao 196
Mount Hood, (USS) 285
Mount Lasso 194
Mount Naufutan 172
Mount Santa Rosa 203
Mount Suribachi 350-352, 354, 355, 357
Mount Suribachi, U. S. Flag raised 853
Mount Tapotchau 171, 174
Mount Tenjo 196, 199
Mueller, Paul J., Maj. Gen., USA 223
Muko Jima 202, 258, 281, 313, 396
Mulcahy, Francis P., Maj. Gen., USMC 225, 376, 389
Munda 1-10, 14-16, 18-20, 23-25, 27, 29, 30, 31, 36, 39, 43, 49-54
Murilo 141, 142, 151
Murray, George D., Vice Adm., USN 343
Musashi (Japan) 255, 273, 327
Musashina Aircraft plant 318
Musashine Tama 347
Mussau Island 306
Mutcbo Point 186
N
Nachi (Japan) 255
Nactan 315, 328
Nafutan Point 170, 171, 174-176

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Nagato (Japan) 255, 279
Nago Town 388
Nagoya 402
Nagumo Chuichi, Vice Adm., I. J. N. 187
Naha 399, 420, 423-426
Nakagusuku 385
Nakama Village 405
Namorik 132, 306
Nampo Shoto 312
Namu 112, 132, 306
Namur Island 303
Nanomea 84
Nansei Shoto 259, 271, 335, 343, 360
Nan Wan 333
Nauru 8, 19, 28, 29, 48, 54, 60, 76, 78, 86-90, 92, 95, 96, 101, 105, 109, 118, 119, 121, 123, 138, 151, 153, 154, 160, 162-166, 170, 179, 183, 187, 194, 195, 197, 198, 200, 201, 203-215, 217, 219-221, 226, 229, 231, 239, 241, 242, 246, 250, 254, 258, 260, 262, 263, 266, 278, 282, 290, 326, 327
Nauset, (USS) 76
Navajo, (USS) 76
Naval Air Transport Service 323
Naval Ammunition Depot, Oahu 166
Naval Base, Guam 312
Navy (U. S.) Casualties (Summary) 415
Navy Cross 23, 58
Navy Judge Advocate General 342
Negros Island 220, 233, 234, 251, 253, 314, 315, 328
Netherlands East Indian Waters 279
Netherlands New Guinea 313
Netherlands submarine 279
Nevada, (USS) 348
New Britain 97, 175, 300, 304-306
New Georgia Islands 1-16, 20, 27, 29-31, 39, 46, 49-56, 60
New Guinea 130, 141, 175, 178, 277, 298, 299, 302, 305, 307-309, 311, 313
New Guinea, Neutralized 313
New Hebrides 36
New Ireland 303, 304, 306, 309
New Zealand bombers 27
New Zealand pilots 47
New Zealand Troops 303
Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company 73
Newton, John H., Vice-Adm., USN 310, 379
New York, (USS) 348
Ngabad Island 227, 228
Ngardmau Village 245
Ngardololok Town 226
Ngarmoked Island 255
Ngatpang 239
Ngatpang Bay, River 240, 245
Ngeregong island 267, 276, 317, 318

xxii

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Ngesang 267
Ngesebus Island 229, 234, 235, 239, 314
Ngulu 250, 312, 316
Niagara, (USS) 36
Nichols Airfields 251
Nichols Field 228-230, 250, 263, 278, 281
Nielson Airfield 247, 251
Nielson field 263
Nimitz, C. W., Adm., USN 28, 41, 73, 88, 143, 158, 178, 214, 225, 250, 258, 261, 271, 276, 290
Nimitz, C. W., Fleet Adm., USN 293, 298, 307, 313, 318, 319, 323, 326, 334, 335, 340, 344, 368, 369, 386, 396, 403
Ninety-Sixth (96th) Army Division 395, 396
Ninety-Sixth (96th) Division 392, 399, 420, 421
Ninety-Sixth (96th) Infantry Div. 399, 407, 419-421, 423-430
Nittagahara 374
Niyako Group 378
Noa (USS) 226
Nobara 413
Noemfoor Island 311, 313
Nomoi Island 146, 308
Nomwin 143
Normandy 184
North Africa 62, 63, 64
North and South Heads 25, 28
North Head 19, 21, 25, 26, 28, 40, 52, 54, 58, 62, 70-72
Northern Philippines, attack against 230. See also Battle Philippine Sea
Northwestern (U. S.) Station Ship 68
Norway 184
Norwegian bases 218
Noshiro Class (Japan) 255-257
Numa Numa Harbor 19, 23, 41
O
Oahu 432
Oahu, Naval Ammunition Depot 166
Ocean Island 163-166
Office of War Information 74
Ohama 379
Ohama Town 425
Oita 374, 423
Okayama 243, 247, 322
Okdoura Town 248
Okimura Town 266, 276, 321, 322, 329, 340, 353, 355
Okina Daito Jima 361
Okinoyerabu Jima 360, 361
Okinawa, Okinawa Island 244, 245, 271, 320-322, 324, 325, 333, 335, 360, 361, 375, 377, 378, 381-393, 395-413, 415-421, 423-431
Okinawa, Military Government 389
Oldendorf, J. B., Rear Adm., USN 146, 308
Omaha (USS) 110, 111

xxiii

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Ommaney Bay (USS) 344
Omura Town 202, 355, 356, 360, 361, 374, 423
One Hundred Fourth (104th) Artillery Battalion 304
One Hundred Sixth (106th) Army Infantry 115, 117, 304
One Hundred Sixth (106th) Infantry Regiment 304
One Hundred Eighty-Fourth (184th) Regiment 429
Onekotan Island 128, 136, 138, 212, 216, 220, 237, 254, 264, 265, 295, 332
Ora Bay 388
Ormac 234, 296
Ormac Bay 266, 317
Oroluk 124, 125, 135, 136, 138, 149, 295
Orote Airfield 187
Orote Peninsula 174, 191, 192, 194-199, 203
Orote Point 186
Orro Town 187
Osmena, President Sergio 324
Osprey (USS) 205
Ota Aircraft Factory 347, 357
Otomari 264
Ototo Jima 340
Olongapo 290
P
Pacific typhoon 326
Pado 199
Pagan, Pagan Island 165, 167, 173, 176, 182, 185, 139, 191, 194, 207-217, 219-224, 227-231, 233, 235, 237, 238, 240, 242, 246, 248, 254, 258-262, 264, 265, 267, 270, 277, 280, 282-284, 286-289, 292, 295, 309, 311, 353-355, 357, 361
Pago Point 198
Pakin Island 129, 137-140, 157, 163
Palau Area 268
Palau Group 195, 221, 223, 235, 241, 252, 258, 267, 282, 299, 314
Palau Islands, Palaus 130, 133, 134, 140, 150, 175, 178, 216, 217, 219, 221-223, 225, 231, 232, 235, 236, 240, 241, 245, 254, 260-264, 266-270, 276-280, 282, 283­296, 298, 306, 309, 312-315, 318, 320, 321, 323, 326-328, 330-332, 334-336, 338-341, 343-347, 353-359, 361-367, 370-372, 374-377, 380, 383-385, 387, 388, 390-392, 394-396, 398-401, 403-405, 407, 408, 410-413, 417-424, 427-431
Palawan 316
Palmer (USS) 337
Panay Island 220, 314
Panay, Southern 234
Param Island 130, 136, 141, 143, 145, 162, 164, 188, 203, 409, 410
Paramushiru 60, 75, 97, 103, 110, 112, 117, 120, 121, 125, 128, 136-138, 143, 145, 147, 148, 152, 154, 155, 159-161, 166, 168, 170, 175, 176, 179, 185, 193, 204, 206-208, 210-213, 215, 216, 219, 220, 222, 223, 226, 228, 233, 235, 237, 238, 246, 247, 254, 260, 261, 263-265, 284, 287, 300, 303, 311, 323, 326, 328, 332, 333, 339, 353, 366, 367, 372, 374, 378, 393, 698, 419, 420, 425, 428, 431

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Paramushiru Straits 60
Parry island 117, 118, 304
Partridge (USS) 186
Pasig Airfield 251
Pati Point 204
PC-487 (USS) 65
PC-496 (USS) 66
PC-558 (USS) 164
PC-565 (USS) 73
PC-1129 (USS) 347
PC-1261 (USS) 205
Pearl Harbor 83, 116, 158, 166, 177, 187, 257, 273, 290, 293, 310, 364, 372, 432
Peacock Island 159
Peacock Point 153
Peale Island 79, 153
Peleliu, Peleliu Island 195, 217, 219, 221, 222, 224-242, 245, 246, 252, 260, 261, 267, 271, 278, 283, 299, 314, 317, 323, 332, 353, 359, 367, 375, 405
Peleliu Airfield 225, 226
Pelpeli 23
Pennsylvania (USS) 257, 274
Perkins (USS) 97
Perry (USS) 225
Pescadores 243, 333
PGM-18 (USS) 400
Philippine Island Archipelago 253
Philippine Area 277, 285, 320, 321, 337, 344, 347, 364, 378, 383, 391, 417, 430
Philippine Commonwealth 271
Philippines Island, Philippines 175, 218, 220, 221, 228, 230, 231, 233, 246-252, 255, 256, 258-260, 270­274, 276, 280, 281, 286, 289, 290, 291, 294, 296, 298-300, 309, 313-317, 319, 323-325, 328, 335, 336, 343
Philippine Sea 248, 255
Philippine Sea, Battle of 231, 310
Philippine Sea, First Battle of 255, 338, 343
Philippine Sea, Second Battle of 255, 259, 260, 270, 275, 276, 287, 288, 300, 316, 343
Phoenix Island 8
Pickerel (USS) 66
Pingelap 124, 125, 129, 139
Piti Town 184, 186, 191
Plymouth (USS) 67
Poillo Island 255
Pompano (USS) 98
Ponape, Ponape Island 115, 116, 118-129, 131-143, 145-149, 151-157, 159, 160, 162-164, 166, 170-172, 175, 176, 179, 187, 193-195, 198, 200, 203, 205-208, 210­212, 216, 219, 223, 224, 227, 230, 233, 238, 250, 258, 280, 283, 286, 303, 308, 340, 341, 360, 362, 363, 365, 366, 422
Ponape Town 138, 143, 145, 147, 149, 153, 157, 163, 164, 308
Poporang Island 20, 50
Porcupine (USS) 325
Port Nhabe 327

xxv

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Post, Charles K., Comdr., USNR 113
Patangeras Island 248
Pownall, Charles A., Rear Adm., USN 74, 90
Pratas Reef 330
Pratt, John Lockwood, Capt., USN 375
President of United States 56, 65, 74, 79, 91, 99, 113, 122, 134, 149, 154, 158, 162, 183, 192, 204, 218, 239, 265, 288, 324, 341, 364, 385, 389, 414
Price, John D., Rear Adm., USN 108
Prime Minister, Great Britain 56, 65, 74, 79, 91, 99, 113, 122, 134, 149, 162, 183, 204, 218, 239, 265, 288, 324, 341, 364, 389
PT Boats 273, 274
PT-73 (USS) 347
PT-77 (USS) 364
PT-79 (USS) 364
PT-202 (USS) 229
PT-818 (USS) 229
PT-321 (USS) 277
PT-300 (USS) 320
PT-311 (USS) 320
PT-320 (USS) 277
PT-338 (USS) 347
PT-363 (USS) 285
PT-368 (USS) 277
PT-371 (USS) 277
PT-509 (USS) 253
PT-555 (USS) 229
Pulan 199
Puluwat Island 141, 145, 152, 153, 163, 342, 356, 398
Pringle (USS) 400
Princeton (USS) 253, 255, 257, 270, 273, 316
Q
Quang-Ngai 329
Quinhon Harbor 327
R
R-12 (USS) 49
Rabaul 299, 301, 303-306
Radford, A. W., Rear Adm., USN 177, 388
Radio Tokyo 250
Ramapo (USS) 73
Ram Buyto 306
Rat Island Group 27
Rawlings, Bernard, Vice Adm. Sir, RN 379, 381
Redwing (USS) 67
Reid (USS) 321
Reliquary 243
Reichmuth, F. L., Rear Adm., USN 268
Rekata Bay 2, 7, 11, 13, 15, 16, 20, 24-26, 31, 33, 34, 37, 47, 51, 52, 54

xxvi

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Rendova Island 4, 9, 52-55, 59
Reynard Cove 71, 72
Rich, (USS) 186
Richardson, Robert C., Jr., Lt. Gen., USAF 88
Ringi Cove 15, 26, 36
Rioj Town 429
Rio Grande (Germany) 110, 111
Ritidian Point 203
Robalo (USS) 216
Roberts, William C., Capt., USMC 77, 78
Robertson, Thurmond Edgar, Ens., USN 37
Robinson, James J., Lt. Comdr., USNR 342
Robinson, Ray A., Cpl. 368
Rocket-propelled suicide bombs 406
Rockey, Keller E., Maj. Gen., USMC 348, 368
Rockwell, Francis W., Rear Adm., USN 42
Roi Island 90, 95, 101, 103, 104, 106-109, 112, 115, 303
Rongelap Atoll 135, 306
Rongerik Atoll 306
Roosevelt, President 154
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, death of 392
Roosevelt, James, Maj., USMCR 433
Roviana Lagoon 8
Rowan (USS) 76
Rowell, Ross E., Maj. Gen., USMC 225
Royal Canadian Air Force 38, 61
Rota, Rota Island 164, 165, 167, 169, 173-176, 178-180, 182, 184-189, 193-195, 207-212, 215, 216, 219, 222, 224, 228-230, 232, 293, 235, 240, 246, 251, 254, 258-262, 264-267, 270, 276, 278, 279, 291_286, 288, 289, 293, 294, 296, $04, 309, 311, 320, 321, 331, 339-341, 344, 363
Rota Town 185, 189
Runner (USS) 81
Ruo Island 141
Rupertus, William H., Maj. Gen., USMC 222
Russell Island 25, 32, 34, 43, 44, 49, 50, 75
Russia 134
Ryukyu Archipelago 244, 315
Ryukyu Islands, Ryukyu 240, 243, 247, 249, 252, 299, 321, 333, 335, 337, 375-381, 384, 387, 388, 391, 393-395, 397-400, 402, 404, 406-409, 411, 415, 416, 419, 427, 428
Ryukyu-Formosa-Luzon Area 249
S
S-28 (USS) 185
S-44 (USS) 112
Sabang 307, 308
Saeki 374, 423
Saidor 302, 305
Saigon 326, 327, 329
St. Augustine (USS) 100, 101

xxvii

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Saint Lo (USS) 270, 316
St. Matthias Group 305, 306
Saipan 118, 140, 157, 164-171, 173-176, 178-180, 182-190, 194-197, 201, 210, 260, 264, 276, 278, 280, 282, 283, 286, 296, 298, 299, 304, 307, 309­312, 318-321, 353, 359, 367, 369, 375, 384, 399, 404
Sakishima Group 324, 325, 333, 379, 381, 382, 384, 388, 389, 395, 396, 398, 401-406, 408-413, 415, 416, 419, 421, 423-425, 429-431
Salerno 80
Salerno, Gulf of 78
Sallada, H. B., Rear Adm., USN 246
Samar, Battle of 276
Samar Island 256, 272, 275, 300, 316
Samuel B. Roberts (USS) 270, 316
San Bernardino Strait 254-257, 272-275, 316
San Cristobal Island 36, 47
San Fernando 251, 278, 281, 291
San Francisco 300
Sandy Hook, New Jersey 98
San Jose 291
San Miguel Bay 290
San Pablo Airfield 251
Sansapor, Cape 313
Santa Cruz 278, 280, 281
Santa Isabel Island 13, 15, 16, 20, 24-26, 31, 33, 34, 37, 47, 51, 52, 54
San Vicente 249
Sarana Bay 35, 44
Sarana Pass 34
Sarangani Bay 218
Saratoga (USS) 307
Saravis 234
Sasa River 192
Sasebo 187, 312
Sassayan Point 187, 312
Satawan 199, 200, 201
Saucio 146, 308
Saupon Point 199
Savo Island 47, 49, 60
Sawar 142, 307
SC-694 (USS) 75
SC-696 (USS) 75
SC-744 (USS) 325
Scamp (USS) 391
Schmidt, Harry, Maj. Gen., USMC 108, 192, 348, 368
Schreder, Richard E., Lt., USNR 22
Scorpion (USS) 127
Sculpin (USS) 125
Sea Battles of World War II 255
Seabees 169, 195, 225
Seawolf (USS) 298
Second Battle of Philippine Sea 231, 255, 259, 260, 270, 275, 276, 287, 288, 300, 316, 343

xxviii

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Second (2nd) Marine Aircraft Wing 235-241, 245, 251-252, 254, 258-262, 264-270, 276-289, 291, 292, 294-296, 298-300, 320, 321, 334, 389, 404-407, 412, 415, 417, 419-421, 423­426
Second (2nd) Marine Division 87, 179, 180, 186, 192, 193, 198, 199, 310, 312
Secretary of Navy 181, 414
Secretary of Navy, Acting, Forrestal, James 144
Secretary of Navy, Forrestal, James 153, 154, 161, 172, 181, 276, 342, 392
Secretary of Navy, Knox, William Franklin 143, 144, 154
Secretary of State 414
Secretary of War 342
Segula Island 72
Sentinel (USS) 67
Serpens (USS) 359
Service Force, Comdr. Atlantic Fleet 258
Service Force Pacific 287
Sesoko Island 402
Seventeenth (17th) Naval District 307
Seventh (7th) Army Air Force 28, 84, 85, 87-89, 91-105, 107, 108, 111-116, 118-157, 159, 160, 162-166, 170-172, 174, 176, 179, 180, 182-188, 190, 191, 193-195, 197, 198, 200-217, 219-224, 226-248, 250-252, 254, 258-268, 270, 276, 277, 279, 280, 282-284, 286-289, 295, 300, 307, 328, 331, 336, 340, 341, 345, 346, 355, 356, 358, 361., 362, 364, 367, 368, 370, 373, 375- 379, 381, 383, 388, 392, 401, 402, 406, 408-413, 416-418, 420, 421, 425, 427, 429, 430
Seventh (7th) Army Fighter Command 368, 370, 375, 377-379, 383, 390, 391, 397-399, 402, 407-409, 413, 416, 418, 425, 427
Seventh (7th) Bomber Command 28, 398
Seventh (7th) Fleet 254-257, 259, 260, 275, 305, 307, 309, 316, 375
Seventh (7th) Infantry Division 108, 303, 383, 399, 400, 403, 406-409, 411, 413, 429, 430
Seventy-seventh (77th) Army Division 382, 425
Seventy-seventh (77th) Infantry Division, USA 191, 192, 199, 201, 205, 312, 403, 409, 411, 413, 419, 420, 423-430
Shafroth, John F., Rear Adm., USN 166, 379
Shark (USS) 358
Sharp, Alexander, Rear Adm., USN 258
Shasukotan Island 136, 137
Shaw, Howard R., Comdr., USN 58
Shelton (USS) 277
Sherman, Frederick C., Rear Adm., USN 246, 268, 302, 385, 387, 388
Sherman, Forrest P., Rear Adm., USN 319, 323, 340
Shikoku 374, 408, 423, 430
Shimonoseki Strait 407
Shimushiru Island 154, 158, 160, 168, 366, 371
Shimushu Island 112, 117, 120, 125, 128, 136, 137, 143, 148, 152, 154-157, 159, 160, 166, 168, 170, 173, 175, 176, 179, 185, 193, 207, 220, 222, 226, 236, 238, 246, 254, 333, 335, 339-341, 378, 381, 393, 399, 408, 409, 419, 420, 424, 425, 428

xxix

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Shinchiku 393, 395, 399
Ships, U. S. Losses, Summary 436-439
Shokaku (Japan) 172
Shortland Area, Islands 1-3, 6-10, 13, 15, 17-23, 29, 31, 35, 36, 45, 46, 48, 50, 51, 55, 302, 309
Shuri 418, 420, 421, 426-428, 430
Shuri Town 424
Sibuyan Sea 252, 253, 255-257, 273-275
Sicily 62, 63, 65
Silver Star Medal 58
Singapore Area 255
Siren, (USS) 112, 113
Sixth (6th) Army 302, 316
Sixth (6th) Marine Division 392, 418, 420, 423-430
Skill (USS) 78
Skylark (USS) 400
Smith, Allan E., Rear Adm., USN 269, 287
Smith, Holland McT., Lt. Gen., USMC 87, 108, 190, 199, 348, 368, 372
Smith, Julian C., Maj. Gen., USMC 87, 221, 314
Smith, Nathan R., 1st Lieut. 369
Smith, Ralph, Maj. Gen., USA 87
Smith, Wm. Ward, Vice Adm., USN 364
Soerabaja 308
Solomon Group, Islands, Solomons 1-4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 18-21, 23-27, 30-32, 36, 39, 43, 50, 58, 150, 175, 299, 302, 306, 307, 433, 434
Salmon Lagoon 19
Somers (USS) 110
Somerville, James, Adm. Sir., RN 307
Sonoma (USS) 277
Sonsoral Island 294, 321, 332, 335, 354, 380, 410
Sorian Island 248
Soror 312
South Bank 430
South China 335, 337
South China Sea 272, 316
Southwest Pacific Area 302
South Pacific Area and South Pacific Force 379
South Pacific Area, Command of 169
Southwest Pacific Area, Commander in Chief 141
South Head 62, 70, 71
Sowell, Jesse C., Comdr., USN 57
Spence (USS) 325, 326
Spencer (USCG) 40
Spruance, Raymond A., Adm., USN 116, 133, 169, 171, 306, 310, 345, 346, 348, 356, 358, 373, 379, 381
Spruance, Raymond A., Vice Adm., USN 87, 107
Stafford, D. A., Col., USMC 368
Stark, Harold R., Adm., USN 117
Stimson, Henry L., Secretary of War 342
Stoddard, William F., Jr., Marine Sgt. 77, 78

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Strategic Air Force, Pacific Ocean Area 287, 290-292, 294, 295-299, 318, 320-323, 325-327, 329-336, 338-341, 343-346, 348, 353, 355, 356, 358, 360-368, 370-372, 374, 384, 391, 399, 404, 407
Strohbehn, Walter W., Comdr., USN 109, 110
Strong (USS) 55
Suavanua Plantation 11
Subic Bay 228, 278, 281, 290
Submarines, German See U-boat.
Submarines, U. S. 4, 11, 17, 26, 27, 32, 45, 51, 56, 64, 66, 68, 74, 75, 80-82, 84, 88, 90, 93, 96, 98, 102, 106, 112, 114, 119, 122, 126, 127, 132, 138, 146, 164, 172, 181, 189, 196, 205, 209, 213, 218, 225, 238, 248, 259, 265, 279, 284, 292, 296, 297, 299, 301, 307, 320, 324, 331, 334, 336-339, 341, 345, 349, 350, 359, 365, 372, 380, 393, 408, 409, 422
Submarine Forces, Pacific Fleet 158
Sugar Loaf Hill 425, 426, 428
Sulu Sea 252, 253, 255, 256, 273, 317
Sumatra 299, 307
Suribachi 206, 207, 246, 277, 287, 323, 326, 328, 349, 355, 366, 368, 369, 431
Suribachi Bay 246
Suribachi Port 431
Suribachi, U. S. Flag raised 353
Surigao 218
Surigao Strait 255, 256, 272, 273, 276, 300, 317
Surigao Strait, Battle of 276
Susaki 383
Susan B. Anthony (USS) 186
Suzaki 377, 378
Suzuki Airfield 402
Swatow 329, 330
Swerve (USS) 196
Swordfish (USS) 410
T
Tachiarai 423
Tachigawa 347
Tactical Air Force 402, 413
Taichu 243
Taien 333
Taiho Class (Japan) 171
Taikoo 330
Tainan 247, 328
Tatra Town 429
Taira Machi 428
Taka Atoll (Marshall) 306
Taka Banare Island 402
Takaesu 384
Takamotoji 426, 427
Takamotoji Town 423
Takimotoji 425
Takao 247, 322, 330, 333

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Talasea 305
Tamsui 243
Tamsui River 322
Tanabaru 404
Tanahmerah Bay 142, 307
Tanapag 165, 178-180, 183
Tanega Island 378, 391, 395, 397, 411
Tang (USS) 339
Taongi Atoll 142
Tarawa 22, 28, 29, 48, 76, 81, 84-89, 91-100, 102, 104-108, 112, 178, 182, 184, 237, 300
Tarlac 251, 263
Taroa Airdrome 89, 91
Taroa Island 112
Task Force Fifty-Eight (58) 348
Tateyama Naval Air Station 416
Tedder, Fondville L., Comdr., USN 57
Tennessee (USS) 257, 274, 348
Tenth (10th) Army 381, 383, 385, 397-401, 407, 410-413, 416, 418-421, 423, 425-427, 430
Tenth (10th) Fleet 85, 86
Texas (USS) 348
Thanh Son Nhut airbase 327
Third (3rd) Amphibious Corps, Marine 190, 196, 221, 222, 314, 354, 355, 381-383, 385-391, 393, 395-405, 415, 418, 425, 428
Third (3rd) Fleet 169, 221, 230, 231, 241, 245, 246, 250, 252-263, 266, 269, 271, 273-275, 278, 280, 281, 287, 310, 316-319, 335
Third (3rd) Marine Division 191, 192, 205, 312, 351, 355, 356, 358-361, 363, 365-368, 370
Thirteenth Naval District 307
Thirty-Second (32nd) Regiment 429
Three Hundred Eighteenth (318th) Army Fighter Group 426, 427
Three Hundred Eighty-Third (383rd) Infantry Regiment 420, 421, 425
Three Hundred Eighty-Second (382nd) Regiment 430
Three Hundred Seventh Regiment (307th) 425
Tide (USS) 186
Timoneng 199
Tinian Island 118, 140, 164, 165, 167, 170, 173, 176, 178, 179, 182, 183, 186, 189-201, 206, 210, 260, 264, 278, 283, 298, 299, 304, 307, 309, 312, 313, 331, 353, 359, 367, 369, 375, 384, 399, 404
Tinian Town 197
Tinputs Harbor 41
Tmiet Island 103
Tobara 383
Togcha Bay 197
Tojimbara 381
Tokara 427
Tokuno 360, 361, 378, 381, 384, 393, 407, 411, 427

xxxii

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Tokyo 270, 299-301, 310, 312, 315, 318, 345-347, 349, 356, 357, 368, 377, 382, 399, 408, 416, 425, 430
Tokyo, attacks on 346, 347, 349, 356, 357, 425
Tol Island 143
Tomari Cape 398
Tomari Zaki 378
Tomlinson, D. W., Capt., USNR 323
Tone (Japan) 255
Tonolei Harbor 19
Tori Island 420
Torishima Group 393
Tori Shima Island 263-265, 335, 372
Torishima Retto 328
Torina 305
Toshien 325, 333
Toto 199
Toyhara 328
Triton (USS) 60
Trout (USS) 191
Truk, Truk Atoll 115-116, 119, 122, 124, 129-133, 135, 136, 138-141, 143, 145-153, 159-166, 170, 172, 174-180, 182-188, 190, 191, 193-195, 197, 198-200, 203, 205, 207, 208, 210, 212, 215, 217, 219, 223, 228, 233, 235, 236, 239, 242, 245, 247, 248, 279, 293, 299, 301, 304, 305, 308, 330, 344, 346, 347, 372, 377, 388, 392, 401, 406-408, 410, 411, 413, 416-423, 427, 430
Truk Atoll Harbor 153, 406, 408
Truk Lagoon 145, 152, 195, 198, 304, 401
Truman, Harry S., President 414
Tsugen Island 391
Tsushima 412
Tsuwa 388
Tsuwa Village 390
Tulaga Island 1, 47, 433
Tullibee (USS) 191
Tumon Bay 199-201
Turner, Richmond K., Vice Adm., USN 87, 107, 115, 190, 310, 348, 368, 381, 390
Turner (USS) 97, 98
Twentieth (20th) Air Force 287, 382, 386
Twenty-eighth (28th) Regiment-Marines 353
Twenty-first (21st) Bomber Command 287, 295, 333, 349, 408
Twenty-fourth (24th) Army Corps 381-383, 385-393, 395-406, 415, 418, 420, 428
Twenty-fourth (24th) Regiment Army Infantry 353
Twenty-second (22nd) Marines 115, 117, 123, 304, 423
Twenty-seventh (27th) Infantry Division 87, 179, 180, 310, 392, 399, 405-407, 431
Twenty-seventh (27th) Regiment of Marines 350
Tyan Airfield 199

xxxiii

U
  Page
U-Boats 4, 10, 16, 22-24, 29, 30, 37, 40, 41, 43, 56, 57, 64-66, 73-75, 77, 79, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88, 91, 99, 100, 106, 109, 110, 112, 113, 122, 128, 134, 135, 142, 149, 150, 155, 160-163, 183, 184, 200-204, 218, 239, 265, 288, 324, 341, 364, 389, 424
Uchi Tomari 385, 389
Ugali 9
Uhushi Point Airfield 195
Ujae Atoll 114, 132, 305
Ujelang Island 112, 115, 129, 135, 140, 142, 307
Ukudu 203
Ulithi Atoll 248, 314
Ulithi Island 133, 195, 211, 217, 290, 306, 312, 313, 322
Ulithi Lagoon 248
Ulul Island 135-141, 148
Uman Island 130, 136
Umatac Town 186
Umurbrogol Hill 232, 234, 235
Umurbrogol Mountain 229, 232, 238-240
U. S. Military Government (Islands) 391, 397, 404, 418, 426, 431
United Nations War Crimes Commission 342
Unten Bay 378, 381, 384, 390
Urasoe Mura 405
Urukthapel Island 327-329, 332, 335, 339, 357
Ushi Point 193
Utana 199
Utirik Atoll 115, 135, 306
V
Valencia Airfield 218
Vandegrift, Alexander A., Maj. Gen., USMC 434
Vangavanga 26, 30
Vangunu Island 50, 55
Vian, Philip, Rear Adm. Sir, RN 379
Victor Mike Baker 61-Marines 336
Victorious (HMS) 410
Vigan 290
Vila 1-7, 9, 10, 13, 15, 16, 20-22, 24, 31, 44, 46, 48, 50-54, 59
Vella Lavella 11, 27, 48, 59, 82, 83
Vineyard Sound, lightship 224
Viru Harbor 1, 5, 16, 53
Visayan Sea 273
Visayas Group 233, 314-316
Vitlaz Strait 308
Vogelkop 313
Volcano Islands 167, 174, 180, 188, 190, 202, 206-208, 211-214, 216, 217, 219-221, 224, 228, 231, 233, 235, 236, 238-240, 242, 247, 252, 254, 258, 259, 261, 262, 264-266, 282-284, 286-292, 294-299, 310, 311, 313, 320-322, 325-327, 329, 331, 332, 335, 336, 338-341, 343-346, 348, 368

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Volcano Islands, Military Government 369
Vori Point 59
Vura Village 55
W
Wahoo (USS) 89
Wainwright (USS) 109
Wakde-Sawar Airfields 142
Wakde Island 142, 307-309
Wake, Wake Island 33, 61, 62, 79, 107, 108, 111, 114, 120, 123, 128, 132, 134, 139, 140, 147, 149, 153, 156, 159, 203-205, 210, 211, 215, 233, 235, 239, 240, 242, 246, 248, 263, 264, 279, 283, 284, 285, 290, 300, 303, 309, 313, 330, 332, 360, 361, 364, 365, 368, 374, 375, 377, 390, 394, 405, 410, 420, 424
Wallace, F. G., Maj. Gen., U. S. A. 418
Wana 423, 425, 426, 428
War Crimes Office, Navy 342, 343
Ward (USS) 294
War Shipping Administration 236
Wasmuth (USS) 72, 73
Wasp (USS) 257, 369
Watson, T. E., Brig. Gen., USMC 115
Weir, John M., Brig. Gen., USA 342
Weserland (Germany) 110
West Lipa field 278
West Virginia (USS) 257, 274
Western Defense Command 42
Western Sea Frontier, Commander 268
Wewak 305
Wickham Anchorage 55
Wilcox (USCG) 78
Wilkes Island 79, 153, 159
Wilkes, John, Rear Adm., USN 117
Wilkinson, T. S., Rear Adm., USN 166, 221, 303
Wilkinson, T. S., Vice Adm., USN 314
Willaumez Peninsula 305
Williams, Robert Pershing, Lt., USNR 77
Wilson Strait 48
WMS-304 (USS) 253
WMS-350 (USS) 253
WMS-378 (USS) 253
Woleai Island 133, 134, 178, 212-214, 223, 270, 292, 295, 300, 306, 320, 338, 341, 408
Wotho Atoll 123, 132, 305
Wotje 90, 92, 93, 95-99, 101, 103-108, 112, 133, 153, 155, 157, 165, 171, 182­185, 188, 197, 201, 205, 207-212, 216, 217, 219, 222-224, 226-228, 231-233, 235, 303, 308, 309
Wygant, Henry Sollett, Comdr., USN 98

xxxv

Y
  Page
Yagachi Island 403
Yaka 385
Yaku Island 381, 406, 427, 428
Yama Island 245
Yamashiro (Japan) 255, 273
Yamato (Japan) 255, 273, 327, 387, 388, 401
Yano, Rear Adm., I. J. N. 187
Yap, Yap Island 133, 184, 195, 209-214, 216, 217, 229, 238, 245, 251, 252, 254, 258-263, 266-270, 276-280, 282, 284, 285, 292, 294, 295, 299, 306, 312, 313, 320, 321, 323, 327, 331-336, 338-342, 344-346, 353, 354, 358, 362, 363, 366, 367, 370-374, 376, 377, 383, 385, 391, 392, 394, 398-402, 404, 405, 410, 418, 420, 422, 424, 427-430
Yap Town 251, 254
Yawata 310, 312
Yigo 203
Ylig 197
YMS-19 (USS) 285
YMS-21 (USS) 229
YMS-24 (USS) 229
YMS-30 (USSR) 130
YMS-48 (USS) 347
YMS-70 (USS) 277
YMS-71 (USS) 417
YMS-109 (USS) 421
YMS-304 (USS) 253
YMS-350 (USS) 253
YMS-378 (USS) 253
YMS-385 (USS) 285
YMS-409 (USS) 227
YMS-481 (USS) 430
Yokohama 347
Yonabaru 399, 400, 409, 420, 421, 428, 429
Yontan 382, 383, 401, 410, 412, 417, 424
YT-198 (USS) 130
Yusi, A. C., Sergeant 369
Z
Zuiho (Japan) 171, 258
Zuikaku (Japan) 171, 256, 273

*U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1946-660315

xxxvi

[END] 

Published: Mon Apr 20 13:35:30 EDT 2020