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USS Forrestal (CVA-59)

USS Forrestal (CVA-59) and USS Rupertus (DD-851) crewmen fighting fires aboard Forrestal

USN 1124786. Forrestal (CVA-59) crewmen are assisted by those from Rupertus (DD-851) in fighting the fires raging aboard Forrestal, while a helicopter ferries firefighting supplies to the burning ship. Download image

 

On 29 July 1967, USS Forrestal (CVA/CV-59) suffered a catastrophic fire during flight operations while on Yankee Station off the coast of Vietnam. Wracked by eight high-order explosions of thin-shelled Korean War–vintage bombs and a number of smaller weapons explosions, the world’s first supercarrier was mere minutes away from the bottom of the Gulf of Tonkin. In its wake, the fire claimed 134 Sailors and Airmen, and seriously injured or burned another 161. Of those who died, 50 died where they slept. Many more were wounded but did not report their injuries because of the severity of those of their shipmates.

Forrestal was the first Atlantic Fleet carrier on Yankee Station, and she had been there only five days. As the ship prepared for its second strike of the day, at 1050, everything changed. The Navy in its definitive report on the event—Manual of the Judge Advocate General Basic Final Investigative Report Concerning the Fire on Board the USS FORRESTAL (CVA-59)—concluded that a stray electrical signal ignited the motor of a Zuni rocket carried by an F-4B Phantom II on the starboard quarter and shot across the deck, striking the external fuel tank of a fully armed A-4E Skyhawk on the port. At least one of the Skyhawk’s M-65 1,000-lb. bombs fell to the deck, cracked open, and was burning with a white-hot ferocity.

The carrier’s fire crew responded immediately. Fifty-four seconds after the initiation of the fire, Chief Gerald W. Farrier, head of the firefighting team, attacked the cracked and furiously burning bomb with a hand-held extinguisher. Twenty seconds later the hose crew arrived and fought the periphery of the fire. At slightly more than 90 seconds into the fire, the bomb exploded. Nine seconds later a second 1,000-pounder exploded with even more ferocity, hurling debris nearly 1,000 feet away at the bow.

The explosions of the large, old weapons blew holes in the armored flight deck above spaces primarily set aside for crew berthing. Flaming and unburned fuel, water, and foam cascaded down into the compartments. Battling the fires below deck was more difficult than that topside with the confined spaces, little light, thick black smoke, and toxic fumes. Although the fire on the flight deck was controlled within an hour, fires below deck raged until 0400 the next morning.

Twenty-one aircraft were destroyed and another 40 damaged of the 73 on board at the start of the fire.

Although the investigation report cited errors of safety checks on the Zuni rocket, it concluded that no one on board was directly responsible for the fire and subsequent explosions, and recommended that no disciplinary or administrative action be taken against any persons attached to the ship or its air wing.

Forrestal received emergency repairs over eight days at Subic Bay, The Philippines, before sailing for complete repair at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth, Virginia. She went on to serve until 11 September 1993 when she was decommissioned after 21 deployments. She never made another Vietnam cruise.

This information was extracted from the Manual of the Judge Advocate General Basic Final Investigative Report Concerning the Fire on Board the USS FORRESTAL (CVA-59), portions of which are available from the U.S. Navy JAG online library.

USS Forrestal crew members fight fires on the flight deck.

USN 1124794. USS Forrestal (CVA-59). Crew members fight a series of fires and explosions on the carrier's after flight deck, in the Gulf of Tonkin, 29 July 1967. The conflagration took place as heavily-armed and fueled aircraft were being prepared for combat missions over North Vietnam. Official U.S. Navy Photograph. Download image.

Additional Reading

Ship History 1955-1993
Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships entry for Forrestal. Includes biographical information on the ship’s namesake, Secretary of Defense James V. Forrestal, and a chronology of the ship’s service.

The Forrestal Fire
Article from Naval Aviation News, October 1967, compiled and edited by Senior Chief Journalist John D. Burlage. (Download PDF of October 1967 issue [5 MB].)

Legacy: All Sailors Are Firefighters

How the 1967 Fire on USS Forrestal Improved Future U.S. Navy Damage Control Readiness A Sextant blog post by Hank Stewart, Commander, USN (Retired), Assistant Professor of Engineering, Maine Maritime Academy.

USS Forrestal—Trial by Fire
The Sextant blog post by Chief Damage Controlman (SW/AW) Teddy Yates discussing the tragedy and the impact of the fire.

The Impact of the USS Forrestal’'s 1967 Fire (PDF, 305 KB)
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College master’s thesis by Lieutenant Commander Henry P. Stewart. The opinions and conclusions expressed therein are those of the student author and do not necessarily represent the view of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College or any other governmental agency.

Trial by Fire
A motivational film for Navy personnel on the prevention of fire and for learning firefighting damage control measures.

All Hands Update: Remembering the 1967 USS Forrestal Fire
Video providing overview of the event that changed how the Navy trains for firefighting and response.

Remembrance

Remembering Forrestal
Video from 45th annual commemoration ceremony of the fire. Includes historic imagery and remarks from former Forrestal crew member.

National Naval Aviation Museum Ensures USS Forrestal “Trial by Fire” Accident is Forever Remembered
The National Naval Aviation Museum collection also includes the Forrestal Fire exhibit and the Forrestal Plan of the Day from 30 July 1967, the day after the fire.

Aerial view of USS Forrestal (CV-59) underway, 1987.

NH 97657-KN. USS Forrestal (CV-59). USS Forrestal (CV-59) Underway in 1987, with three F-14s and an A-6 on her catapults. Official U.S. Navy Photograph, from the collections of the Naval History and Heritage Command. Download image.

Published: Wed May 26 09:52:06 EDT 2021