The National Museum of the U.S. Navy
Mission
The National Museum of the U.S. Navy collects, preserves, displays, and interprets historic naval artifacts and artwork to inform, educate, and inspire naval personnel and the general public.
National Museum of the U.S. Navy, exterior view, looking northwest.
History
The National Museum of the U.S. Navy was established in 1961 and opened to the public in 1963. As one of 14 Navy museums throughout the country, it is the only one that presents an overview of U.S. naval history. Permanent and temporary exhibitions commemorate the Navy's wartime heroes and battles as well as its peacetime contributions in exploration, diplomacy, navigation and humanitarian service.
Admiral Arleigh A. Burke, Chief of Naval Operations, 1955-1961 Portrait by Cedric Egeli, 1968. Courtesy of the Naval Art Gallery.
Known for 40 years as the flagship museum of the U.S. Navy, The National Museum of the U.S. Navy celebrates a legacy of educating the public. In the tradition of its predecessors on the Washington Navy Yard beginning in 1865, the current museum features a collection that dates from 1800. The museum's collection moved twice before Admiral Arleigh Burke (left) established the current museum, Building 76, in 1963 to create an American naval history museum comparable to those in Europe. The National Museum of the U.S. Navy continues to embody Burke's vision of sharing the Navy's history and traditions with the world.
The tradition of collecting naval artifacts and trophies in the United States began in the early nineteenth century under the command of Thomas Tingey, the first commandant of the Washington Navy Yard. The first artifact collected was a French gun, cast in 1793 at Lyons, captured during the Quasi-War with France, 1798-1801. From this modest beginning, the collection grew as the U.S. Navy fought in more battles and explored the high seas during the early years of the American republic.
View of the Armory and Museum building in the north central part of the Navy Yard, taken by Brady & Company in June 1866. NHHC Photograph Collection.
As the Navy's collection of artifacts grew, so did the need for a space in which to display them. In 1865, the former Paint Shop (Building 10, pictured right) opened as the Museum of Naval Relics and Weapons where the Dispensary is today. This museum was amongst America's earliest federal museums. Listed as one of Washington's most popular tourist attractions in Morrison's Strangers Guide to Washington, the collection impressed visitors with such artifacts as a gun from Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortes's conquest of Mexico, and the sloop Kearsarge's original sternpost containing a shell she received during her fight with the Confederate raider Alabama off the French coast.
Breech Mechaniscm Shop, Bldg. 76. Photo taken circa the 1940s. This building now (since 1962) houses the Navy Museum. NH 92459.
In 1913 the museum's artifacts moved to Building 120 where the museum shared space with the Seaman Gunner's Quarters and the Recruiting Office. This site is now a parking lot west of the Washington Navy Yard. The building was demolished in 1927, which left the Navy's collection of artifacts in storage for eight years. In April 1935, the third museum opened in building 40, at the north end of the Breech Mechanism Shop constructed between 1887 and 1899 (left). When World War II ended the yard officially changed its name to the Naval Gun Factory, so the museum became the Naval Gun Factory Museum. After gun production ceased, Admiral Burke obtained the entire building in 1961 to house a new, and more complete collection of artifacts.
Today The National Museum of the U.S. Navy is the only naval museum to chronicle the history of the U.S. Navy from its creation to the present. Artifacts like USS Constitution's fighting top, the world's deepest diving submersible, Trieste, and the khaki uniform of former Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz make The Navy Museum's collection second to none.
More than 90,000 individuals visit The National Museum of the U.S. Navy annually. Admission to the Museum and its programs is free. The Museum is architecturally accessible.
The National Museum of the U.S. Navy is part of the Naval History & Heritage Command which includes a library, archives, and photographic and other research facilities. While at the Washington Navy Yard, please also come to the museum's Cold War Gallery.
Publications featuring the National Museum of the U.S. Navy
All Hands, May 1960, pages 16-21.
All Hands, October 1974, Pages 2-7.
